2023年新课标I卷词汇积累课件高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

PassageABikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategic

locations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(刹车),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排挡),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren'sbikes.HandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00PricesGuided

City

ToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.What

is

an

advantage

of

MacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2.How

much

do

you

pay

for

renting

a

bike

with

hand

brake

and

three

gears

for

two

days?A.€15.75.

B.€19.50.

C.€22.75.

D.€29.50.3.Where

does

the

guided

city

tour

start?A.TheGooyerWindmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery.

D.DamSquare.1.rental

n.租赁，出租（派生词rent+-al）2.guidedtour

n.有导游的游览3.economical

adj.经济的；实惠的4.sustainable

adj.可持续的；5.canal

n.运河6.bike

v.骑自行车7.landscape

n.风景，景色8.around

adv.存在着（熟词生义）e.g.:Hehasareputationasoneofthemoststylishdesignersaround.他作为现在最时髦的设计师之一闻名于世。9.strategic

adj.战略（性）的；（对某特定目的）有用的，合适的（派生词strategy+-ic）10.location

n.地方；地点；位置11.available

adj.可获得的；可购得的12.inawidevariety

多种多样地13.brake

n.刹车14.gear

n.排挡15.additional

adj.附加的；额外的；外加的（派生词addition+-al）16.cover

v.包括，包含，涉及（熟词生义）e.g.:Arethereanyareasyoufeelarenotcoveredadequatelyinthebook?你觉得书中是否有哪些方面论述得还不够详细？17.depart

v.出发；启程；离开18.everyhouronthehour

每小时的整点阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【1】WhenJohnToddwasachild,

helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolved

problems.

A

dirtystream,

forexample,

oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.

Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeople

weremaking.

24.

WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.PassageB阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【2】Afterstudyingagriculture,

medicine,

andfisheriesincollege,

Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.

Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causing

chemicals?

Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,

hefigured,

maybehecouldcleanupwastetheway

naturedid.

Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.

25.

WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【3】ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,

heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.

Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.

Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.

Littlebylittle,

thesedifferentkindsoflife

gotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.

Afterafewweeks,

Johnaddedthesludge.

【4】Hewasamazedattheresults.

Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!

Withinweeks,

ithadallbeendigested,

andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

【5】Overtheyears,

Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.

Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.

Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,

a

cityinsoutheastChina.

26.

Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.阅读理解B人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明——生态设计

【6】“Ecologicaldesign”

isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”27.

WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.B篇1.process

n.（未达到某一目标的）过程；进程2.cleanup

清理；清除（污染物）3.agriculture

n.农业4.fishery

n.渔业（派生词fish+-ery）5.trap

v.吸收；收集（熟词生义）e.g.:Solarpanelstrapenergyfromthesun.太阳能电池板吸收太阳能。6.bacterial

n.细菌7.chemical

n.化学品8.combination

n.结合；联合；结合体（派生词combine+-ation）9.figure

v.（经过考虑后）认为，以为10.eco-machine

n.生态机器11.set(sb)atask

给（某人）布置任务/定下目标12.remove...from...从……中除去13.substance

n.物质14.sludge

n.污泥15.construct

v.建造；修建16.aseriesof

（同类事物的）一系列，一连串17.clear

adj.透明的，清澈的（熟词生义）e.g.:Thereisacrystalclearmountainlake.有一片清澈的山间湖泊。18.fiberglass

n.玻璃纤维19.tank

n.（贮放液体或气体的）箱，槽，罐20.littlebylittle

慢慢地；逐渐地；21.life

n.生物；活物（熟词生义）e.g.:Istherelifeonotherplanets?其它行星上有生命吗？22.getusedtodoingsth

习惯于做某事23.ecosystem

n.生态系统24.beamazedat...对……感到十分惊奇25.takeon

承担（责任）26.develop

v.开发，研制（熟词生义）e.g.:Scientistshavedevelopednewdrugstotreatmalaria.科学家已经研制出治疗疟疾的新药。27.greenhouse-like

adj.像温室一样的28.facility

n.设施；设备29.treat

v.（用特别的物质或某种化学过程）处理（熟词生义）e.g.:Ecologistsarguethatthebenefitsoftreatingsewagewithdisinfectantsaredoubtful.生态学家认为用消毒剂处理污水是否有益值得怀疑。30.sewage

n.（下水道的）污水31.ecological

adj.生态的（派生词ecology+-ical）32.sparepart

n.配件，备用零件；33.organism

n.生物；有机体；（尤指）微生物（派生词organ+-ism）34.self-repair

n.自行修复35.aninquiringmind

好奇心；探究精神36.longtodosth

渴望做某事37.review

v.回顾；反思38.application

n.（尤指理论、发现等的）运用（派生词apply+-ation）39.erase

v.消除；清除40.diverse

adj.不同的；多种多样的人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【1】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasks

andwhyitworks,

andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.这本书的目的是为数字极简主义做一个案例，包括对它的要求和为什么它有效的详细探索，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你认为它适合你。1.

Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills. B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems. D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.PassageC人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【2】Todoso,

Idividedthebookintotwoparts.

Inpartone,

Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,

startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,

beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.为此，我把这本书分成了两部分。在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先考察了使许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量，然后再详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。

【3】Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:

thedigitaldeclutter.

This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.

Attheendofthethirtydays,

youwill

thenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothe

thingsyouvalue.第一部分最后介绍了我建议的采用这一理念的方法:数字整理器。这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你会加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。2.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【4】Inthefinalchapterofpartone,

I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.

Indoingso,

I’ll

drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.

You’llhear

theseparticipants’

storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,

andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyou

shouldavoid.

在第一部分的最后一章，我将指导你完成你自己的数字整理。在此过程中，我将引用我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字整理。你将听到这些参与者的故事，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到的你应该避免的陷阱。3.

Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels. B.Statisticalmethods.C.Practicalexamples. D.Historicalanalyses.人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式

【5】Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培养)asustainable

digitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(独处)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.本书的第二部分深入探讨了一些可以帮助你培养可持续的数字极简主义生活方式的想法。在这些章节中，我研究了一些问题，比如独处的重要性和培养高质量休闲的必要性，以取代现在大多数人花在无意识设备上的时间。每一章都总结了一些实践，这些实践旨在帮助您按照本章的主要思想行事。你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一个适合你特殊情况的极简主义生活方式。4.

Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A.Usethemasneeded. B.Recommendthemtofriends.C.Evaluatetheireffects. D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.1.makethecasefor为……阐明理由2.minimalismn.极简主义3.detailedadj.详细的；细致的（派生词detail+-ed）4.explorationn.探讨；探索5.workv.使奏效6.philosophyn.哲学7.philosophicaladj.哲学的8.examinationn.调查；审查9.increasinglyadv.越来越多地；不断增加地10.intolerableadj.无法忍受的；不能容忍的（派生词in-+tolerable）11.moveonto开始做（别的事）；换话题12.concludev.（使）结束13.declutterv.清除；清理14.stepawayfrom远离15.optionaladj.可选择的（派生词option+-al）16.massiveadj.大量的17.valuev.重视；珍视18.carryout进行；实施；执行19.drawon(sth)凭借；利用；动用20.runv.组织；管理；经营（熟词僻义）e.g.:CoursesarecurrentlybeingruninLondonandEdinburgh.这些课程目前在伦敦和爱丁堡两地都开设了。21.performv.做；执行22.participantn.参与者；参加者23.trapn.（难以逃脱的）困境；陷阱24.encounterv.遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）25.takeacloserlookat更仔细地看26.cultivatev.培养27.sustainableadj.可持续的（派生词sustain+-able）28.solituden.独处29.high-qualityadj.高质量的30.mindlessadj.无需动脑筋的；机械的（派生词mind+-less）31.practicen.实践；实际行动32.acton/uponsth根据……行事33.view...as...将……视作34.toolboxn.工具箱35.minimalistn.简约主义者36.advocatev.支持；提倡37.promotev.促进；推动38.clear-upn.清扫；清除（污染物）；清理39.add-onn.附加物；附加装置40.check-inn.（机场的）登机手续办理处41.take-overn.接收；接管42.presentv.描述；展现；表现（熟词僻义）e.g.:Shakespearepresentstheheroasanoblemandoomedtomakemistakes.莎士比亚把主人公表现成一位高尚却注定要犯错的人。43.theoreticaladj.理论上的44.statisticaladj.统计的；统计学的45.identifyv.找到；识别【1】OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependent

estimatescouldbequiteaccurate.

人与社会：群体智慧效应1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿(FrancisGalton)发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”的效应。他进行的估计实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计的平均值可能相当准确。

PassageD

【2】Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren’talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon’tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople’sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people’serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.

阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C.Thecausesofpeople’serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton’sexperiment.这种效应利用了这样一个事实:当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。当足够多的这些误差被平均在一起时，它们就会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估计。如果人们是相似的，并且倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于某种原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。【3】ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(转折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应33.Navajas’studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif

________.A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimatesC.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent但是，由华金·纳瓦加斯领导的一项新研究为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折。这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。【4】Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobal

reductioninerror.

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotential

implicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.阅读理解D人与社会：群体智慧效应34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.

C.Doubtful.

D.Approving.在对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于相信那些对自己的估计最有信心的人?他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人了吗?这种情况有时会发生，但不是主要的反应。最常见的是，这些小组报告说他们“分享论点，一起推理”。不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少。虽然纳瓦哈人领导的研究有局限性，还有许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。1.illustrate

v.说明；阐明2.wisdom

n.智慧；才智3.estimation

n.估算；判断4.average

n.平均数5.independent

adj.独立的；自主的6.estimate

n.估计；估算7.accurate

adj.准确的，精确的8.capitalizeon...充分利用；从…中获得更多的好处9.overestimate

v.高估10.underestimate

v.低估11.average

v.计算出……的平均数；平均为12.term

n.词语；术语13.accuracy

n.准确（性）14.twist

n.转折15.classic

adj.经典的16.individual

n.个人17.obtain

v.（尤指经努力）获得18.dominant

adj.占支配地位的；占优势的；显著的19.response

n.反应20.frequently

adv.频繁地；经常21.reason

v.推理；推论（熟词僻义）e.g.:Theyreasonedthatotherbusinesseswouldsooncopytheidea.他们推断其他企业也会很快效仿这个办法。22.global

adj.全面的，整体的（熟词僻义）e.g.:Wearetakingaglobalviewofourbusiness.我们从全局来考虑我们的生意。23.reduction

n.减少；缩小；降低24.limitation

n.限制；控制25.potential

adj.潜在的；可能的26.implication

n.可能的影响或作用 27.enormous

adj.巨大的；庞大的；极大的28.logic

n.逻辑；思维方式PersonalForgivenessA.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.七选五PersonalForgiveness

Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.___1___Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”___2___Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.passage1：2023新课标

全国Ⅰ卷由此可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后这句话中的“dothis”以入下文内容可推断，空格处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似，选项D“It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。根据上下文内容可知，此处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。PersonalForgiveness

Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.___3___2023新课标

全国Ⅰ卷根据上文内容可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。PersonalForgiveness

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.__4__Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboost

self-confidenceatanytime.2023新课标

全国Ⅰ卷根据空后内容可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前内容保持一致，同时选项C和下文Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis...中的”this”保持一致，因此选CPersonalForgiveness

It’ssomethingofacliché(陈词滥调)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.____5____We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.2023新课标

全国Ⅰ卷作者认为人是从错误中学习。G项中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”与下文保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。1.forgivenessn.原谅；宽恕2.responsibilityn.责任3.beatv.打败（某人）；击败4.errv.犯错5.putv.（在……上）书写（熟词僻义）e.g.:Putyournameatthetopofeachanswersheet.在每张答卷的顶端写上你的名字。6.headingn.（页首或章节开头的）标题7.caringadj.乐于助人的；关心他人的8.personalityn.性格；个性9.beproudof为……自豪10.exchangev.交换；交流11.shinethrough（某种特质）显而易见，表现明显e.g.:Whatshinesthroughinallherworkisherenthusiasmforlife.她的所有作品都洋溢着她对生活的热情。12.boostv.使增长13.self-confidencen.自信14.clichén.陈词滥调15.fixedadj.固定的；不变的完型填空OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave

1

thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her

2

camebecauseshewascarryinga

3

acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher

4

whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She

5

tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith

6

.Shecouldn't.Baileythen

7

toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget

8

attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas

9

andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme

10

tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore

11

aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig

12

.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't

13

her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”

Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe

14

,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe

15

ofhumankindnesswontheday.[语篇解读]本文是记叙文，主题语境是优秀品行，主要讲述了一名越野赛跑运动员在比赛中将受伤的运动员背至终点就医的故事。1.D

根据首句中的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”以及下文中“Baileythen7toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline”可知，此处表示MelanieBailey本可以早一点完成（finished）比赛。2.A

结合第1题解析可知，MelanieBailey因为背Lenoue完成比赛导致她延误到达终点的时间。delay意为“延误的时间”。chance

机会；trouble

困难；excuse

借口。3.D

根据下文中的“helpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue”可知，Lenoue也是比赛选手（competitor）。judge

裁判；volunteer

志愿者。4.A

根据across-countryrace、thecourse、thefinishline以及herfellowrunner等可知，MelanieBailey和DanielleLenoue都在参加比赛。所以，此处表示MelanieBailey在比赛(race)进行到超过三分之二的时候遇到了因疼痛而哭泣的DanielleLenoue。5.C

DanielleLenoue在MelanieBailey前面因疼痛而哭泣，所以，MelanieBailey停下来（stopped）帮助DanielleLenoue。agree

同意；return返回；

promise承诺。6.B

Bailey扶着Lenoue，想看她是否能在有帮助（aid）的情况下往前走。courage

勇气；patience

耐心；advice

建议。7.D

此处表示Bailey弯下腰（bentdown）让Lenoue爬上她的后背，然后背着她到终点。goaway

走开；

standup

站起来；stepaside

走到旁边。8.A

根据设空处所在句子以及下文中的“makeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBaileyshelp”可知，Bailey背着Lenoue到达终点后，又背着她走了300英尺去治疗。medicalattention意为“治疗”。public公众的；constant经常的；

equal

平等的。9.B

此处表示Lenoue的伤势得到评估（assessed），然后被送到医院。interrupt

打断；

identify

确认；appreciate

欣赏。10.B

根据上文中的“begancryinginpain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue就得强忍剧痛（pain）走到救援站。pain是原词复现。11.C

根据下文Bailey所说的“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”可知，Bailey认为自己只是做了应该做的事。但是人们却认为她的行为非常了不起，这让她有些困惑（confused）。worried担心的；ashamed羞愧的；discouraged灰心的。12.D

参见第11题解析。abigdeal意为“一件了不起的事情”。13.A

Lenoue因为疼痛难忍在那里哭泣，Bailey不忍丢下（leave）她。cure

治愈；bother困扰；understand

理解。14.C

MelanieBailey和DanielleLenoue在这次比赛（meet）之前并不认识。ride（乘车）旅行；test

测验；show

表演。15.B

虽然MelanieBailey和DanielleLenoue都未赢得比赛，但是MelanieBailey的行为是人类善良的展现（display），它赢得了当天的胜利。secret秘密；

benefit

益处；ex