广东省深圳市格致中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次段考英语试题（含答案）

深圳市格致中学2024—2025学年第一学期第二次段考高二年级英语试题试卷共10页，卷面满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。第一部分基础知识（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Itwasnotuntilafternoon______hefiguredout______heconsideredwasawisewaytofightagainstthearmy.A．when;what B．that;that C．that;what D．when;that2．Thebooksonthedesk,______coversareshiny,areprizesforus.A．which B．what C．whose D．that3．AlicereceivedaninvitationfromherbossinLondon,______cameasasurprisewhenshestayedinNewYork.A．which B．who C．whose D．whom4．Thetheory,______myopinionsarebased,consistsofthreeparts.A．inwhich B．onwhich C．onthat D．which5．Thepooroldmaneventuallylearnedtoavoid______intobuyingunnecessarystuff.A．talked B．beingtalked C．talking D．totalk6．Aboveall,Ihavecometounderstandthat______appreaciationtocompetitorsisshowingourrespect.A．express B．expressed C．expressing D．beingexpressed7．Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget______,Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A．promote B．promoting C．topromote D．promoted8．Heprefers______athome______outbecausehecancontroltheingredientsandportionsizes.A．tocook;toeat B．tocook:toeating C．cooking;toeat D．cooking;toeating9．Unliketextsandvideos,e-sportsarepopulararoundtheworld,withthebarriersoflanguage______down.A．broken B．tobreak C．beingbroken D．breaking10．He______morethat500Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15.A．haslearned B．wouldhavelearned C．willlearn D．hadlearned11．Atpresent,urbanelectricitysystemremainsunstable,UPSshouldbeusedto______uninterruptedelectricpowersupply.A．illuminate B．compose C．guarantee D．examine12．Mydaughter’sabilitieshavebeengreatlyimproved,includingherphysicalstrength,______patienceandtheabilitytobearstress.A．qualification B．ingredient C．endurance D．disgrace13．Whenyoutalkabout______things,peoplecanunderstandyoubetterifyoudrawconcreteexamples.A．abstract B．massive C．dedicate D．primitive14．Dr.BrianadvisedJerrytocatsomethingsourtostimulatehisappetite,andhesaidlemonswould______.A．cometolife B．burstonto C．bringout D．dothetrick15．Whentheintervieweraskedmeaboutmyfutureplans,Iwas______becauseIhadnoideaatallA．toldoff B．broughtintofocus C．putonthespot D．letdown16．Thecoachemphasizedtheimportanceof______theirshootingskillsduringpracticesessions.A．concluding B．sharpening C．declining D．generating17．Thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy.Manyofthesenewinnovationsarealready______andbeingusedinsomehomes.A．available B．natural C．distant D．identical18．TanDunismostwidelyknownfor______musicforthefilmCrouchingTiger,HiddenDragonandthe2008BeijingOlympics.A．composing B．assigning C．tackling D．suspecting19．Weregretto______youthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.A．examine B．inform C．deserve D．dread20．Themedicinewillstopyourpainforawhilebutit’sdifficulttorinda______cureforthedisease.A．cruel B．upset C．permanent D．emotive第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADoyoulovetakingphotographsofplants,flowers,tress,andwildlife?Whenyou’reoutdoors,areyouoftentryingtocapturetheamazingbeautyofthenaturalworld?Ifso,nowisyourchancetouseyourcreativity,curiosity,andskillstoenterthefourthannualNaturePhotoContest.Howtoenter·ConsiderthejudgingcriteriaSubmissionswillbejudgedonquality(clearwell-composedphotographsthataren’tmisty),originality(theuseofcreativityandimaginationthroughthecameralens),andhowwelltheyreflectthenaturetheme.·Chooseonephototoenter.Onlyonephotographperparticipantisallowedandprofessionalartistsarenotallowed.·Filloutanentryformandpaytheentryfee.Submit(提交)yourworkbyJuly31,2024.·Enterthecorrectagegroupcategory.Childrenaged8to10willbejudgedinonecategory.Childrenaged11to14willbejudgedinanothercategory.Winnerswillbeselectedfromeachcategory.Theentryformfor8to10isat/TWJUS-2024PhotoContest-8-10.Theentryformfor11to14isat/TWJUS-2024PhotoContest-11-14.ThejudgesTheNaturePhotoContestwillbejudgedbythreeaward-winningprofessionalphotographers:JesseBurke,AngelaLedyard,andAmiVitale.TheprizeThewinningentrieswillbeeaturedinafreeholidaytoCaliforniawithoneparent.21．Whoisthecontesttargetedat?A．Natureprotectors. B．Photographyfans.C．Travellinglovers. D．Professionalphotographers.22．Whichofthefollowingisarequirementofthecontest?A．Submissionsshouldbeshotwithphone. B．Everyparticipantshouldsubmitmorethanonephoto.C．TheentriesshouldbeuploadedbeforeAugust. D．Theentriesshouldbesenttothesamewebsite.23．Whatcanweknowaboutthecontest?A．Alltypesofworksarewelcome. B．Theparticipantscansignupforfree.C．Theentrieswillbejudgedbyanorganization. D．ThewinnerswillgetachancetotraveltoCalifornia.BAmansatatametrostationinWashingtonD.C.andstartedtoplaytheviolin;itwasacoldJanuarymorning.Heplayedsixpiecesforabout45minutes.Duringthattime,sinceitwasrushhour,1,100peoplewentthroughthestation,mostofthemontheirwaytowork.Threeminuteswentby,andamiddle-agedmannoticedtherewasmusicianplaying.Afewminuteslater,someoneleanedagainstthewalltolistentohim.Theystoppedforafewseconds,andthenhurrieduptomeettheirschedule.Theonewhopaidthemostattentionwasa3-year-oldboy.Hismotherfollowedhimalong,hurried,butthekidstoppedtolookattheviolinist.Finally,themotherpushedhard,andthechildcontinuedtowalk,turninghisheadallthetime.Thiswasrepeatedbyseveralotherchildren.Alltheparents,withoutexception,forcedthemtomoveon.Inthe45minutesthemusicianplayed,only6peoplestoppedandstayedforawhile.About20gavehimmoneybutcontinuedtowalkattheirnormalpace.Hecollected32dollars.Whenhefinishedplayingandsilencetookover,noonenoticedit.Nooneapplauded(鼓掌),norwasthereanyrecognition.Nooneknewthis,buttheviolinistwasJoshuaBell,oneofthemosttalentedmusiciansintheworld.Hehadjustplayedoneofthemostbeautifulpieceseverwritten,onaviolinworth3.5milliondollars.Twodaysbeforehisplayinginthesubway,JoshuaBellsoldoutatatheatreinBostonwheretheseatsaveraged100dollars.Thisisarealstory.JoshuaBell’splayinginthemetrostationwasorganizedbytheWashingtonPostaspartofasocialexperiment.Oneofthepossibleconclusionsfromthisexperiencecouldbe:Ifwedonothaveamomenttostopandlistentooneofthebestmusiciansintheworldplayingthebestmusiceverwritten,howmanyotherthingsarewemissing?24．WhydidfewpeoplestoptolistentoJoshuaBellplaying?A．Peoplewereinahurry. B．Itwastoocoldinthesubway.C．Theywerenotinterestedinmusic. D．Theperformancewasnotgoodenough.25．Whatdidtheparentsdowhenchildrenstoppedtolookattheviolinist?A．Theywouldgivehimsomemoney. B．Theywouldstoptoenjoythemusic.C．Theywouldapplaudfortheperformance. D．Theywouldurgethemtocontinuewalking26．WhydidJoshuaBellplayinthemetrostation?A．Tomakemoremoney. B．Topractisehisskillsinplayingmusic.C．Tomadeanadvertisementforhisconcert. D．Tofindoutpeople’sreactionundersuchacircumstance.27．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowushowtoplaymusic. B．Tosetustothinkaboutourlife.C．Toreportasubwayperformance. D．Totellustheimportanceofmusic.CScientistsattheUCLInstituteforNeurologyhavedevelopednewtools,sbasedonAIlanguagemodels,thatcancharacterizesubtlesignaturesinthespeechofpatientsdiagnosedwithschizophrenia(精神分裂症).Theresearch,publishedinPNAS,aimstounderstandhowtheautomatedanalysisoflanguagecouldhelpdoctorsandscientistsdiagnoseandassesspsychiatric(精神病的)conditions.Currently,psychiatricdiagnosisisbasedalmostentirelyontalkingwithpatientsandthoseclosetothem,withonlyaminimarolefortestssuchasbloodtestsandbrainscans.However,thislackonprecisionpreventsaricherunderstandingofthecausesofmentalillnessandthemonitoringortreatment.Theresearchersasked26participantswithschizophreniaand26controlparticipantstocompletetwoverbalfluencytasks,wheretheywereaskedtonameasmanywordsastheycouldeitherbelongingtothecategory“animals”orstartingwiththeletter“p”infiveminutes.Toanalyzetheanswersgivenbyparticipants,theteamusedanAIlanguagemodeltorepresentthemeaningofwordsinasimilarwaytohumans.TheytestedwhetherthewordspeoplenaturallyrecalledcouldbepredictedbytheAImodel,andwhetherthispredictabilitywasreducedinpatientswithschizophrenia.TheyfoundthattheanswersgivenbycontrolparticipantswereindeedmorepredictablebytheAImodelthanthosegeneratedbypeoplewithschizophrenia,andthatthisdifferencewaslargestinpatientswithmoreseveresymptoms.Theresearchersthinkthatthisdifferencemighthavetodowiththewaythebrainlearnsrelationshipsbetweenmemoriesandideas,andstoresthisinformationinsocalled“cognitivemaps”.Theteamnowplantousethistechnologyinalargersampleofpatients,acrossmorediversespeechsetting,totestwhetheritmightproveusefulintheclinic.Leadauthor,DrMatthewNour,said:“ThereisenormousinterestinusingAIlanguagemodelsinmedicine.Ifthesetoolsprovesafe,Iexpecttheywillbegintobeusedintheclinicwithinthenextdecade.”28．Whatisthedisadvantageofcurrentpsychiatricdiagnosis?A．Itisgreatlyrelatedtobloodtests. B．Itmostlyreliesontalkingwithpatients.C．Itreferstothewordsofpatient’family. D．Itcan’tcomprehendschizophreniadeeply.29．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thoprocessoftheresearch. B．Thetasksoftheparticipants.C．Theperformanceofresearchers. D．ThepredictabilityofAIlanguagemodels.30．WhatisDrMatthewNour’sattitudetowardAIlanguagemodels?A．Unclear. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Negative.31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AIlanguagenewtoolsusedintheclinic. B．AIlanguagetoolsdevelopedbyscientists.C．AIlanguagemodelstreatingschizophrenia. D．AIlanguagemodelsdiagnosingschizophrenia.DTherichnessofthenaturalworldaren’tspreadevenlyacrosstheglobe.PlaceslikethetropicalAndes(安第斯山脉)inSouthAmericaarepackedwithuniquespecies,manyfoundnoplaceelseonEarth.Previously,themainexplanationforthebiologicalrichnessconcentratedinplacesliketheAmazonBasinwasthattheyweresuchplaceswherenewspeciesevolvedatafasterratethanotherpartsoftheworld.Butnow,newresearchonbirdevolutionmayturnthatassumptiononitshead,insteadsportingtheideathatareaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster.Theresearcherssaythebiodiversitycoldspotsaregenerallyfoundinharsher(更严酷的)environmentsfeaturingfreeing,dryandunstableconditions.Thoughtheresearchershavefoundtheselocationswithfewbirdspeciestendtoproducenewonesathighrates,theyfailtoaccumulatemanyspeciesbecausetheunstableconditionsfrequentlymakethenewlifeformsdieout.Themorewell-knownhotspots,bycontrast,haveaccumulatedtheirlargenumbersofspeciesbybeingwarm,hospitableandrelativelystable.Indeed,theresearchershavefoundthatthecountlessbirdspeciesthatcalltheAmazonhometendtobeolderinevolutionaryterms.Thatactuallyaccountsforhigherspeciesrichnessthere.“Ourresultssuggestthatthesehotspotsforbiodiversityarenothotspotsfortheevolutionofnewspecies,”saysElizabethDerryberry,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofTennessee.“NewspeciesdoforminplacesliketheAmazon,justnotasfrequentlyasinmoreextremeenvironments.”Theresearchersmanagedtocollect1,940samples(样本)representing1,287ofthe1,306birdspeciesfromSouthAmerica.Theiranalysisrevealedthatthebestpredictorofwhetheranareawouldproducenewspeciesatahighratewashowmanyspecieslivedthere,ratherthanclimateorgeographicfeatureslikemountains.Species-richareastendedtoproducenewspeciesmoreslowly.Onapracticallevel,thestudy’sfindingsaddnewurgencyforstoppingdestroyingecosystemsthatmaylookdryandbare,becausetheymayactuallybenature’shothousesfortheevolutionofnewspecies.32．WhatisthepreviousexplanationforbiodiversityintheAmazonBasin?A．Itsspecies’strongsurvivalabilities. B．Theimmigrationofforeignspecies.C．Therapidevolutionofnewspecies. D．Itsvastlivingspacefornewspecies.33．WhydothebirdspeciesintheAmazontendtobeolder?A．Itconstantlyattractsnewspeciestocome. B．There’slesscompetitionandmorechances.C．Ithadextremeenvironmentsalongtimeago. D．Theenvironmentthereisstableandfavorable.34．Accordingtothestudy’sfindings,whatshouldwedo?A．Conserveharshecosystems. B．Developspecies-richenvironments.C．Helpspeciesinhotareaslivelonger. D．Limitspeciesinbiodiversitycoldspots.35．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Birdspeciesprefertoliveinharsherecosystems.B．Species-poorareasmayproducenewspeciesfaster.C．Tropicalareasarehometolargenumbersofspecies,D．Hotareasaremoreattractivetospeciesthancoldareas.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agoodlaughislikeamildworkout.Itexercisesthemuscles,getsthebloodflowing,decreasesbloodpressureandimprovessleeppatternsandtheimmunesystem.36Don’ttakelifetooseriously.Weallhaveobstaclesinlifeandweallmakemistakes.37Infact,ifyoucanlaughlight-heartedlyatyourownfault,you’llfindthatyougiveyourselfthatextrahappinessandconfidenceincreasethatcangetyouoveranyobstacle.Findthehumourinabadsituation.Sure,therearesomesituationswhereyouarereallysad.38Thenexttimeyoufeelthestresslevelsrising,takeaminutetothinkaboutthefunnysideofthesituationandlaughoverthethingsyoucannotcontrol.Thiswillloweryourbloodpressure,bloodsugarlevelsandheartrate.Remindyourselfoffunnymomentsfromthepast.Perhapsafriendtoldyouagreatjoketheotherdayoryourchildrenorpetsdidsomethingamusing.39Sometimesjustrelivingafunnymomentcancausetheendorphins(内啡肽),naturalpainkillers,tokickin.40Asmesayinggoes,laughteriscontagious(会传染的).Somakeapointofseekingoutpositivepeoplewhoaren’tafraidtolaughatthemselvesandaregoodatfindinghumourinlife’ssituations.Youngchildrenareespeciallyskilledatfindinglaughterandjoyineverydaymoments.A．Takecontroloveryouemotions.B．Thereisnoreasontoblameyourselfforit.C．However,mostsituationsinlifehavefunnysides.D．Surroundyourselfwithfunpeoplewholiketolaughalot.E．Thefollowingaresomewaystoenjoymorelaughterandjoyinyourlife.F．Studiosshowthatpeoplewithpetshavelowerlevelsofdepressionandstress.G．Callonthesememoriesfrequently,especiallywhenfeelingsad,angryorstressed.第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aftergraduation,Idecidedtotakethegymseriously.Accompaniedbyafriend,I41aroutineofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步机).Iwas42withourroutineinthegym.Myfriend,however,becamebored.Oneday,hesuggestedthatwe43anoutdoorsport.Iwasanuncoordinated(不协调的)person,soI44hisproposal.Butseveralweekslater,hemanagedto45metostepontoanoutdoorracquetball(美式壁球)court.WhenIhittheball,IsentitflyingineverydirectionexceptthedirectionthatIhad46.Sill,somehow,Itriedhardtolearnitandbecame47afterconstantlypracticing.“We’renotgettingenough48onthetreadmill.Whynotplaytennistobuildupourbody?”suggestedmyfriend.“Tennis?Ican’tplaytennis!That49realskills!”Ifirmlyresistedhisnew50.Nevertheless,weekslater,Istartedplayingtennis.Afterseveralmonthsofpainfulpractice,oneday,astheballcameflyingtowardsme,myracket(球拍)andtheballmetinwhattennisplayers51asthe“sweetspot”.Ihad52learnedhowtoplaytennisproperly!Ilearnedanextremelyvaluable53fromtheseexperiences:IcandowhateverIsetmymindon.Ijustneedtoputinefforts,andthegoodresultswill54.AndIbecomequite55abouttryingnewthingsandI’malwaysfilledwithasenseofexcitement.41．A．began B．changed C．quit D．delayed42．A．disappointed B．familiar C．satisfied D．careful13．A．showoff B．takeup C．keepoff D．setout44．A．refused B．supported C．highlighted D．understood45．A．remind B．allow C．expect D．persuade46．A．imagined B．intended C．agreed D．found47．A．considerate B．cautious C．mature D．skillful48．A．exercise B．entertainment C．movement D．experience49．A．occupies B．preserves C．improves D．involves50．A．method B．chance C．attempt D．assistance51．A．referto B．thinkout C．makeup D．setdown52．A．occasionally B．formally C．eventually D．frequently53．A．concept B．lesson C．theory D．standard54．A．respond B．remain C．follow D．help55．A．hesitant B．enthusiastic C．particular D．flexible第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。注意：（1）每个选项只能使用一次；（2）方框中有一个多余选项。A．interaction B．passionate C．deserves D．trend E．suspectF．essential G．cooperation H．generations L．generates J．delight K．innovationsNatureandisconnectiontoourdailylivesare56forourwell-being.Manypeopleare57aboutspendingtimeoutdoorsbecauseit58asenseofpeaceandhappiness.Whetherit’swalkinginthepark,hikinginthemountains,orsimplyenjoyingagarden,natureoffersusabreakfromthebusyworld.The59betweenhumansandnaturecanbringalotof60andhelpreducestress.However,thereisagrowing61wherepeoplespendlesstimeoutsideduetotechnologyandbusylifestyles.Somemay62thatthischangecouldleadtonegativeeffectsonourhealth.Sittingindoorsfortoolong,awayfromhenaturalworld,maymakeusfeeldisconnectedortired.Nevertheless,newideasand63arehelpingusfindwaystobringnatureintoourlives.Forexample,urbangardensandgreenspacesarebecomingmorecommonincities.Nature64ourattentionandcare.Itprovidesuswithfood,cleanair,andbeauty.Weshouldtakestepstoprotectitsothatfuture.65cancontinuetoenjoyitsmanybenefits.Byfindingabalancebetweentechnologyandnature,wecancreateahealthierandmorefulfillinglife.第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内