北京市第四中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题

2024北京四中高一（上）期中英语（试卷共为150分，考试时间为120分钟）第I卷（共三部分，满分100分）第一部分听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel. B.Inanoffice. C.Inarestaurant.2.Whyaretheygoingtocelebrate?A.Theypassedanexam. B.Theyreceivedaprize. C.Theywonagame.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acourse. B.Apaper. C.Ateacher.4.Whoansweredthephone?A.Sue. B.Mary. C.Alice.5.Whenwillthemangettheprinters?A.OnFriday. B.OnWednesday. C.OnThursday.第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingforsomeinformation.B.Mailingsomethinginthepostoffice.C.Bargainingoverthepostage.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoatlast?A.Giveupmailingthebooks.B.Sendthebooksbysea.C.Sendthebooksbyairmail.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whyisthemansoangry?A.Somethingiswrongwithhisphone.B.Thetelephonecompanystopshisphone.C.Thetelephonecompanydoesn’trepairhisphone.9.Whatsuggestiondoesthewomanmaketotheman?A.Toaskthecompanytopayforthedamage.B.Topayhisbillsassoonaspossible.C.Toexplainthesituationtothecompany.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatfavourwouldthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Tohelpherwithhishouse.B.Toinviteinterestingpeople.C.Toarrangetheparty.11.WhydidTomrefusethewoman?A.Hishouseisn’tbigenough.B.Hishouseisbeingremodeled(装修).C.Hishousewillberemodeled.12.Whenwillthehouseremodelingbefinished?A.Attheendofthemonth.B.Atthebeginningofthenextmonth.C.Inthemiddleofthemonth.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Wherewillthewoman’sfriendholdherwedding?A.InQuebecCity.B.InSaintRoyal.C.InMontreal.14.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodobeforethetrip?A.StudythemapofQuebecProvince.B.PracticeherFrench.C.Learnmoreaboutthelocalcustoms.15.WhatdoesthemansayabouttheQuebecCity?A.It’smostbeautifulinsummer.B.Ithasmanyhistoricalbuildings.C.It’stheonlyFrench-speakingcityinCanada.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。abrown.第二部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TheLEGOstorystartedinaDanishwoodworkingshop.Atthetime,OleKirkChristiansenwasjusta(n)carpenterworkinginalocalshop.Buthealwayshadbigdreams.Asayoungman,Christiansenturnedhisloveofplayingwithwoodintoaand,in1916,heopenedhisownshop.Atfirst,hisshopproducedfurniturelikeladders,stoolsandironingboards.Butin1924,hissonssetapileofwoodchipsintheshoponfire,theentirebuildingandthefamily’shome.Despiteatotal,Christiansensawthefireasanexcusetosimplybuildalargerworkshop.Tragedy(悲剧)continuedto,however.In1929,theAmericaneconomicdepression,andhiswifediedin1932.Affectedbypersonalandfinancialdisaster,Christiansenunemployedmanyofhisworkersandtokeepthebusiness.didheknowthatthosetragedieswouldbeofimportanceforhisbusinesstorecover.Sincetimesweresohard,Christiansenhadtousehiswoodtocreategoodsthatmightactuallysell.Thedecisiondidn’tatfirst.Buthisloveoftoyspushedthecompanyahead.Itturnedoutthathewasabrillianttoymaker.Soon,hiswonderfulmodelsofcarsandanimalsandhisadorablepulltoysgainedanationalpopularity.Hisbestseller,awoodenduckwhosemouthopensandcloseswhenpulled,isnowstilla(n).In1949,hiscompanycreatedaplasticproductcalledtheAutomaticBindingBricks.Andtheirtoysbecamemoreandmorepopularastheyearspassed.21. A.eager B.ordinary C.special D.different22. A.preference B.standard C.business D.burden 23. A.blindly B.accidentally C.anxiously D.nervously 24. A.destroying B.abandoning C.protecting D.repeating25. A.loss B.pain C.sadness D.failure26. A.brokedown B.brokeout C.brokeup D.brokeaway 27. A.forced B.ordered C.allowed D.struggled28. A.priceless B.unpopular C.inexpensive D.inconvenient 29. A.payoff B.giveoff C.putoff D.showoff 30. A.choice B.finding C.object D.hit第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AMydaughter,Jane,neverdreamedofreceivingaletterfromagirlofherownageinHolland.Lastyear,weweretravellingacrosstheChannelandJaneputapieceofpaperherpersonalinformationonitintoabottle.Shethrewthebottleintothesea.Shenever(think)ofitagain,buttenmonthslater,shereceivedaletterfromagirlinHolland.Bothgirlswritetoeachother(regular)now.However,theyhavedecidedtousethepostoffice.Letterswillcostalittlemore,theywillcertainlytravelfaster.BDieting,accordingtooldjoke,maynotactuallymakeyoulivelonger,butitsurelyfeelsthatway.Nevertheless,evidence(collect)sincethe1930sthatcalorierestrictionextendsthelife-spananddelaystheappearancesofage-relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.Suchresultshaveinspiredthousandsofpeopletoputupwithconstanthungerinthehopeoflivinglongerand(healthy)lives.Theyhavealsoledtoasearchfordrugsthatimitatetheeffectsofcalorierestrictionwithoutthepainofgoingonanactualdiet.CAtahigh-techshowstagedataprimaryschool,students(attract)byarobotdogflippingoveranddancing.Itevenbowedandshooktheirhands.“Igottotouchtherobotdog,anditwassointeresting.I(work)hardandlearnmoreaboutitinthefuture,”saidMouYuejia,astudentattheprimaryschoolinTonghaicounty,Yunnanprovince.Theshowwaspartofanactivitytopopularizescienceandtechnologyatschools,andfeaturedexhibitsonecological(protect),sci-techinnovationandinstrumentsdemonstratinghowtogeneratewindpower.第三部分阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhilebeautifulNewYear’sfireworkslightupskiesaroundtheworld,therearealsomanyunusualbutwonderfulwayspeopleacrosstheworldbringintheNewYear.Roundeverything(Philippines)FilipinoculturecelebratestheNewYearbyservingtwelvedifferentfruits.Apples,melons,oranges,andgrapesarepopularpicks,butanyroundfruitwilldo.Theroundproducestandsforwealthforeachmonthoftheupcomingyear.Localsalsowearclotheswithpolkadots(圆点图案)onthemandfilltheirpocketswithroundcoins.Throwingpaperoutthewindow(Argentina)ThepiecesofcolouredpaperwillflythroughthestreetsofBuenosAiresaroundlunchtimeonDecember31.ThereasonbehindthecustomisthatArgentinesthrowoutalltheirolddocumentsandpapersbeforethecurtainfallsontheyeartoshowthey’releavingthepastbehind.It’shardlythemostdangerousthingflyingoutofwindowsaroundtheworldonNewYear’s,though—manyotherLatinAmericancountriesarefondofthrowingbucketsofwater,whileSouthAfricansthrowouttheiroldtables,chairs,etc.ontothestreetfromgreatheights.Breakingplatesintopieces(Denmark)IfyouwanttomakeanewDanish

friendfortheNewYear,throwaplateagainsttheirdoor.Thetraditionismeanttobringthehouseownergoodluckfortheyearahead.DanesalsojumpoffchairstoleapintotheNewYear,andstaygluedtotheirTVsforQueenMargrethe’syearlyspeechandascreeningofblack-and-whiteEnglishlanguagecomedy

DinnerforOne

(knowninDenmarkas

The90thBirthday),whichisalsopopularinGermany.Eatinggrapesfast(Spain)InSpain,with12secondsremaininguntiltheNewYear,peopleeat12greengrapestobringgoodluckinthecomingyear.It’sconsideredtobebadluckifyoucan’teatthemallbythefinalmidnightchime(钟声).Eatthemdownintimeand12monthsofgoodluckwillcomeyourway.41.HowdopeopleinPhilippinescelebratetheNewYear?A.Bywearingnewclothesontheeve.B.Bygettingclosetosomethinground.C.Bywishingforwealthintheupcomingyear.D.Bypickinguptwelvedifferentkindsoffruits.42.WhydoArgentinesthrowouttheirolddocumentsandpapersonDecember31?A.Toleavethepastyearandwelcomethenewyear.B.Becausethecurtainwillfallonthenewyear.C.Becauseitisnotthemostdangerouscustom.D.Tobringthehouseownergoodluckfortheyearahead.43.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaNewYeartraditioninDenmark?A.Jumpingoffachair.B.ApplyinggluesontheTV.C.ListeningtotheQueen’sNewYearspeech.D.Throwingaplateagainstanewfriend’sdoor.BWHATarescientists?Theyareoftendescribedasgray-hairedwhite-coateddullscholars.Buttheworldhaschanged.Youngscientistsaremakingtheirvoicesheardandreleasingtheirpowersontheworldstage.ThisisalsotrueinChina.RisingstarsincludenewmaterialsexpertGongYongji,universityprofessorLiuMingzhen,andbiologistWanRuixue.Attheageof28in2018,WanRuixuereceivedthe2018Science&SciLifeLabPrizeforYoungScientists.Thisisaglobalprizetorewardoutstandingscientistsatanearlystageoftheircareers.Shefocusesmainlyonbiomedicineandartificialintelligence.“Botharecutting-edge(前沿)technologiesatanearlystageofdevelopment,”shesaid.“So,Ithinktheyhavegreatpotentialtobedeveloped.Ithinkinthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologies,Chinaandotherleadingcountriesintheworldarestandingonthesamestartingline.Andinthestudyofstructuralbiology,Chinaislikelytobecometheleader.”Shefeltitwasherfatetobecomeabiologist.“Igrewinterestedinthenaturalworld,whenIwasveryyoung,”shesaid.In2009,sheenteredSunYat-senUniversity.Inherthirdyearattheuniversity,sherealizedthatshewantedtodosomethingrelatedtobiomedicine.SosheemailedChina’stopbiologistShiYigong,hopingtojoinhislabatTsinghuaUniversity.Shirecognizedhertalentandwelcomedher.Yearsofeffortsatthelabpaidoff.Herresearchonthehigh-definition3Dstructureofspliceosomeledtoascientificbreakthrough.Unlikemanyofotheryoungscientistswhochoosetopursuefurtherstudyabroad,Wancurrentlyhasnoplantogooverseas.“ThewholeecosystemforscientificresearchiscontinuallyimprovinginChina,”shesaid,addingthecountryhasgreatsciencefacilities.SheisjustanexampleofthenewgenerationofyoungscientistsinChina,andwehaveeveryreasontobelievethatwiththeiradvances,thereisgreatpotentialforfuturedevelopmentofcutting-edgetechnologiesinChina.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“releasing”inParagraph2mean?A.Findingout. B.Gettingover.C.Takingover. D.Givingout.45.WhatdoesWanRuixuefeelaboutthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologiesinChina?A.Confident. B.Satisfied. C.Anxious. D.Disappointed.46.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanRuixue’sjourneyofbecomingabiologist?A.Shethinksit’sboringbutworthtrying.B.Shefindsit’seasierthansheexpected.C.Hercontributionhasbeenrecognized.D.Shebecameinterestedinthenaturalworldatcollege.47.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WanRuixue:ASuccessfulYoungScientistB.RisingYoungScientistsinChinaC.NewImageofChineseScientistsD.China’sBreakthroughinScienceCMeasles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.48.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat______.A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly49.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen______.A.exemptionsareallowedB.severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws50.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine.B.Thelackofmedicalcare.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.51.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.DRunnerswhoencountervisualandauditory(听觉的)distractions(分心)maybemorelikelytosufferleginjuries,accordingtoaresearchbytheAssociationofAcademicPhysiatristsinLasVegas.Runnersoftenseekdistractionsfromthetaskathand.Whetheritismusic,texting,daydreaming,takinginthesights,orproppingabookuponthetreadmill(跑步机),moreoftenthannotadistractioniswelcome.But,researchersfromtheUniversityofFloridahaverecentlydiscoveredthatthosedistractionsmayleadtoinjury.DanielHerman,MD,PhD,assistantprofessoratUniversityofFlorida,andhisteamconductedaresearchontheeffectofvisualandauditorydistractionson14runnerstodeterminewhateffect,ifany,thesedistractionswouldhaveonthingssuchasheartrate,howmucharunnerbreathesperminute,howmuchoxygenisconsumedbythebody,thespeedinwhichrunnersapplyforcetotheirbodies,andtheforcethegroundappliestotherunners’bodieswhentheycomeincontactwithit.Therunnerswereallinjuryfreeatthetimeofthestudyandran31mileseachweek.Dr.Herman’steamhadeachparticipantrunonatreadmillthreeseparatetimes.Thefirsttimewaswithoutanydistractions.Thesecondtimeaddedavisualdistraction,duringwhichtherunnersconcentratedonascreendisplayingdifferentlettersindifferentcolorswiththerunnershavingtonotewhenaspecificletter-colorcombinationappeared.Thethirdtimeaddedanauditorydistractionsimilartothevisualdistraction,withtherunnershavingtonotewhenaparticularwordwasspokenbyaparticularvoice.Whencomparedtorunningwithoutdistractions,theparticipantshadfasterapplicationofforcetotheirleftandrightlegs,calledloadingrate,withauditoryandvisualdistractions.Theyalsoexperiencedanincreasedamountofforcefromthegroundonbothlegs,calledgroundreactionforce,withauditorydistractions.Finally,therunnerstendedtobreatheheavierandhavehigherheartrateswithvisualandauditorydistractionsthanwithoutanydistractionsatall.“Runninginenvironmentswithdifferentdistractionsmayunfavorablyaffectrunningperformanceandinjuryrisk,”explainsDr.Herman.“Sometimesthesethingscannotbeavoided,butyoumaybeabletominimizepotentiallycumulative(累积的)effects.Forexample,whenrunninganewrouteinachaoticenvironmentsuchasduringadestinationmarathon,youmaywanttoskiplisteningtosomethingwhichmayrequiremoreattention—likeanewsongplaylist.”Dr.Herman’steamwillcontinuetoinvestigatethepotentialrelationshipbetweendistractedrunningandleginjuries,andanyeffectthisrelationshiphasondifferenttrainingtechniquesthatuseauditoryorvisualcues.52.Paragraph2tellsustheresearch______.A.processB.questionsC.resultsD.reflection53.Basedontheresearch,runnerswithauditorydistractionstendedto______. A.breatheheavierandhavelowerheartrates B.gainafasterspeedwithslowerloadingratesC.applymoreforcewithlessoxygenconsumptionD.getanincreasedamountofgroundreactionforce54.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Runningwithdistractionsbecomesuncommonnowadays.B.Listeningtoanewsongwhilerunningguaranteesperformance.C.Runnersareadvisedtominimizedistractionsinadestinationmarathon.D.Runnersaremorelikelytogetinjuredinanenvironmentwithoutdistractions.55.WhatisprobablythenexttaskforDr.Herman’steam?A.Whatdeterminestrainingtechniques.B.Whateffectivewayscancureleginjuries.C.Whyrunnersuseauditoryandvisualcues.D.Howdistractionsshouldbeusedintraining.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ExamAnxietyHasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You’vebeenstudyinghardforyourmidterm,butwhenyouwalkintoyourexam,yourmindgoesblank,yourheartracesfast,yougetsweatypalmsandfindithardtobreathe.56

Everyonefeelsstressedduringexams.Usually,itresultsfromafearoffailure,lackofenoughpreparationtimeandbadexperiencestakingtestsinthepast.Thisisnormalandoftenhelpsyouworkharder,thinkfasterandgenerallyimproveyourperformance.57Youmayalsofeelthatotherpeoplearemanagingtheexambetterthanyou.Thiscancauseyoutofeelthatyourmindhas“goneblank”oninformationyouknowyouhaverevised.58

Somechoosetoignoretheproblem,whileothersdon’treviewbecausetheythinktheywilldobadlyanywayandevenmissexamsduetotheanxiety.Itcanalsobereallyeasytothinkthatifyoudon’ttryandthenyoufail,youwon’tfeelasbadasifyoufailaftertryingreallyhard.Sowhatcanyoudotofightagainstthenegativemindsetandstaycalmbeforeandduringyourtest?59

Yes,thisseemsobvious,butit’sworthrepeating.Ifyoufeelconfidentthatyou’vepreparedthoroughly,you’llfeelmoreconfidentwalkingintothetest.

Thesecondtipissimple:juststart.Theblankpagecanmaximizeyouranxiety.60

Youcanalwaysgobackandchangethingslaterifneeded,butafewquickanswerscangettheballrolling.Besides,allocating(分配)yourtimeisequallyimportant.Lookthroughthewholetestbeforegettingstarted.Mentallyallocatehowmuchtimeyou’llspendoneachsection.Ifthere’stimetorecheck,evenbetter.A.Thefirstthingyoushoulddoistobeprepared.B.Peopleoftendealwithexamstressinmanyunhelpfulways.C.Iftheseclassicsignsofexamanxietysoundfamiliar,you’renotalone!D.Therefore,peopleneedanappropriateamountofpressuretohelpdealwithexams.E.Realizingtimeisalmostupandthatthere’sstillalotofblankspacewillmakeyoudesperate.F.However,ifyouareoverlyanxiousabouttheresult,youmaybeunabletofocusonyourwork.G.Afteryougetthepaper,diverightinbygettingsomequestionsdonetobuildupyourconfidence.第II卷（共两部分，满分50分）第四部分书面表达（共三节，42分）第一节选词/词组填空（共12小题；每小题1分，共12分）根据句意，选择适当的词/词组并用其恰当的形式填空，每词/词组只用一次。company competent convenient detaildefend occupy humble attach61.Thecourseswillimprovetheskillsandprofessional___________ofthestaff.62.Herpresentationincluded___________informationaboutthehistoryofthetopic.63.I’llsendthedocumentasa(n)___________tomynexte-mail.64.Theguidewill___________thestudentsastheytourthesciencemuseum.65.Thestudent___________apologizedforinterruptingtheteacherduringthelesson.66.Thestudentswere___________withtheirgroupprojectformostoftheafternoon.letoff beupto fromtimetotime makeaneffort dueto ratherthan keepupwith becapableof67.Thenewsoftware___________processinglargeamountsofdataefficiently.68.Thesportsdayeventwasdelayed___________theheavyrain.69.Studentsshouldreviewtheirnotes___________tokeeptheinformationfresh.70.He___________toreconnectwitholdfriendsaftermovingbacktotownlastyear.71.Aspartofthephysicslesson,they___________amodelrocketintheschoolyard.72.Hedecidedtosavehismoney___________spenditonunnecessaryitems.第二节翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）注意：括号中的提示词必须用，不用作零分记。73.孩子们将在这次旅行中受益匪浅。(benefitv.)74.比起住酒店，有些人更喜欢露营。(preferv.)75.这部电影使我想起了我的学校生活。(remindv.)76.讨论之后，我们开始着手解决问题。(set词组)77.她的第一本小说受到了她童年经历的启发。(inspirev.)第三节写作（共20分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。最近你的英国笔友Jim了解到你们学校举行了社团招新活动(clubrecruitmentevent)，发来邮件向你询问相关情况。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.当天活动简介；2.你加入的社团及期待。注意： 1.词数100左右。 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________