河南省南阳市高三上学期11月期中英语试题（含答案解析）

2024年秋期高中三年级期中质量评估英语试题说明：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，满分95分）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，满分55分）两部分。2.将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenistheartgalleryclosed?A.OnSaturday. B.OnSunday. C.OnMonday.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Iwenttotheartgallerythedaybeforeyesterday,butitwasclosed.Iwonderwhy.W:Oh,it’salwaysclosedonSaturday,butitstaysopenonSunday.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMichael?A.Alawyer. B.Ateacher. C.Anaccountant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:WhatdidMichaeldoaftergraduatingfromuniversity?M:Heconsideredadvertising,accountingandevenalawyerbeforehesettledonteaching.He’sbeendoingthateversince.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HewillcontactSallyrightnow.B.ThemailcanbesenttoSallydirectly.C.ThewomancanaskSallyfortheaddress.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:DoyouknowLinda’snewaddress?She’sgotsomemailhere,andI’dliketosendittoher.M:Well,wehaven’tbeenintouchforquiteawhile.Sallieshouldknowit.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Studyingaphotograph. B.Readingapicturebook. C.CheckingaTVset.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Tellmewhattheproblemis.M:WhenIturniton,thepictureisincolor,butafteroneortwominutes,it’sinblackandwhite.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthestation. B.Infrontofthecinema. C.Atthechurch.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thefilmisverygood.Shallwemeetat8:00pmattheentranceofthecinema?W:Allright,buthowcanIgetthere?M:Whenyougetoutofthestation,turnleftandthenkeepwalkinguntilyoucometoachurch.Thecinemaisjustopposite.W:Yes,Iknow.Seeyouthen.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whenwillthesoccerpracticemostprobablystart?A.At3:00. B.At3:30. C.At5:00.7.Whatwillthewomandofirstafterlunch?A.Gotowork. B.Haveaclass. C.Studyinthelibrary.【答案】6B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,canIaskyouafavor?CouldIgetaridetosoccerpractice?Ihavetobethereatthreeo’clock.W:Idon’tthinkIcan.Ihaveaclassat3:15,butIwasplanningongoingtothelibraryafterlunchtogetsomestudyingdone.Iwon’thaveanyothertimetoprepareformytesttomorrowmorningbecauseI’mworkingfromfiveo’clockuntilmidnighttonight.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waitressandcustomer. B.Motherandson. C.Doctorandpatient.9.Whatwouldthemanliketoeat?A.Someicecream. B.Somepeas. C.Somevegetables.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,willyoueatyourfoodproperly?You’rejustmovingthosepeasaroundyourplate.M:Idon’tlikepeas.Whydoyoualwaysmakethemforme?YouknowIdon’tlikethem.W:Youdon’tlikeanyvegetables,butyou’vegottoeatsome.M:Why?W:Youknowwhy.Nowhurryupandeat.M:CanIhavesomeicecream?W:No,notuntilyoufinishthosepeas.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Paintherhouse. B.Buyanewhouse. C.Expandherhouse.11.Whatcanweknowaboutthecouple?A.Theyarearchitects.B.Theyareexpectingababy.C.Theyaregoodatdifferentinstruments.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonow?A.Goshopping. B.Attendaconcert. C.Seeadentist.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoumaking?W:I’mworkingonablueprintforanewadditiontomyhouse.M:Cool,anewaddition.Whatareyouthinkingaboutadding?W:IwantabiggerkitchenandDonalwayswantedtohaveamusicroomofhisown.Mostlywewantmorespaceforwhenthebabycomes.M:Ididn’tknowthatDonwasamusician.W:Yes,hestartedwiththeguitar,butnowhecanplaysomedifferentinstruments.M:Wow,adentistandamusicianIneverknew.W:There’salotthatyoudon’tknowabouthim.M:Well,I’mgladyouallarehappy.W:Well,Ihavetogetgoingtothegrocerystorenow.M:Yeah,itwasnicetorunintoyou.W:Seeyouaround.M:Seeyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydidthewomanhavetostayatthebottomofthemountain?A.Shewaswornout. B.Shewasscaredofheights. C.Shelovedthescenerythere.14.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawadolphin?A.Relaxingonthebeach. B.Sailinginaboat. C.Divingunderwater.15.Howlongdidittakethewomantogototheforest?A.Onehour. B.Twohours. C.Fourhours.16.Whathadthewomanneverdonebefore?A.Boating. B.Caveexploring. C.Rockclimbing.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Sohowwasyouradventurevacation?W:Itwaswonderful.Thebeachesweregreatandtherewasarainforestandamountaininthecenteroftheislandwhereyoucouldgorockclimbing.M:Wow,didyougoclimbing?W:Well,wewenttothebottomofthemountain,spentfourhoursgoingtotheforest,butthenIjustfelttootired,soIhadtostandatthebottomandwatchedtheothers.M:Idon’tblameyou,sowhatelsedidyoudo?W:Ispentalotoftimeonthebeach.Itrieddiving.Itwasgreat.Oh,andIsawadolphinwhenIwasunderwater.M:Wow,didyougobungeejumping?W:Iwantedto,butIrealizedIwasscaredofheights,soIjustgaveup.Quitebychance.Theenginewasbrokenontheboat,sotheyhadtocallthesailingtripoff.M:That’sashame.Sowhatwasthemostexcitingpartofthetrip?W:Probablyexploringtheoldcaves.I’dneverdoneitbeforeandIthoughtitwasgreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatcanwelearnabout“prom”?AItisaformalcelebration.B.Itisheldatthestartofcollege.C.ItisauniqueAmericantradition.18.Wheredidthe“prom”traditionstartaccordingtothewidelyacceptedbelief?A.InCanada. B.InAustralia. C.IntheUS.19.Whyis“prom”importantinstudents’lives?A.It’sasignofbecominganadult.B.It’sanopportunitytofindajob.C.Itmarkstheendoftheirschooling.20.Whowilltraditionallypayfortheticketsfor“prom”?A.Schools. B.Students. C.Parents.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:Itiswellknownthatprom,aformaldanceheldattheendofhighschoolorcollege.Itisanimportantdateineverystudent’slife.Prommeanstowalkaroundbeautifullydressedinordertoattractattention.Theideaisthatyoushouldseeandbeseenbyothers.ThepromisnotjustanAmericantradition,thoughmostpeoplebelievethatitstartedinAmerica.InCanada,theeventiscalledaformal.InBritainandAustralia,theoldfashionedworddanceismoreandmoreoftenbeingreferredtoasprom.Andforfinalschoolyearstudentsinallthesecountries,thiseventisthehighlightoftheschoolyear,justasitisintheUSA.Mostcountrieshavesomeformsofcelebrationwhenstudentsfinishhighschool.Afterall,itMarkstheendoflifeasachildandthebeginningoflifeasanadult.Promisexpensivetoorganize,andtheticketscancostthestudentsalotofmoney.Thetraditionisthatstudentsthemselveshavetoraisethemoneytopayforit.InsomeAmericanschools,studentunionssayfortheeventforthefouryearstheyspendinhighschool.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithitsmottoof“faster,higher,stronger”,theOlympicGameshavebeenthesettingforsomeofourgreatestachievementsinsport.Inthefollowingpage,you’llreadaboutincrediblefeatsofOlympicathleticism.TheflyingDutch-womanNicknamedthe“FlyingHousewife”,Blankers-Koenarrivedatthe1948Olympicsasa30-year-oldmotheroftwo,withsomethinkinghertoooldtobeachampionandirresponsibleforcompetingwhileshehadchildren.However,allhercriticsweresilencedbyherextraordinaryhistory-makingperformance.Firstwasthe100mfinal,whereBlankers-KoenbecamethefirstDutchathletetowinanOlympictitleinathletics.Thensheclaimedvictoryatthe80mhurdlesandtheOlympic200mforwomen.Towrapup,Blankers-Koenranthefinallegofthe4x100mrelay,carryingtheDutchteamfromthirdtofirstplaceonthefinalstraight.TheTornadoAnAmericaniconandOlympicsprintchampion,WilmaRudolph’slegacyliesinhereffortstoovercomephysicaldisabilitythroughoutmuchofherchildhoodtobecomethefastestwomanintheworldinthe1960s.By16,Rudolphqualifiedforthe1956OlympicGamesinMelbourne,makinghertheyoungestmemberoftheUSteam.Fouryearslater,inRome,Rudolphrepresentedhercountryinthreeevents:the100m,200mandthe4x100mrelayandbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowinthreegoldmedalsinasingleGames.ShealsobecamearolemodelforBlackandfemaleathletes,givingasignificantboosttowomen’strackintheUS.FastaslightningWinningeightOlympicgoldmedals,Jamaica’sUsainBoltbecametheonlypersoninhistorytowinthe100mand200matthreeGames.Let’sre-watchthe100mfinalfromBeijing2008.BoltwasalreadythefastestmanonEarth,havingrun9.72inNewYorkearlierthatyear.Mightthepressuregettohimandaffecthisperformance?Inaword:no.Nothingcouldstophimfromfinishingin9.69,anewworldrecord.Boltwouldgoontolowerhisownworldrecords—running9.58forthe100mand19.19forthe200m.21.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Blankers-Koenwasseverelycriticizedasshewasirresponsible.B.Rudolphdevotedherselftoprotectingthefemalerights.C.RudolphwastheyoungestAmericanchampioninthe1960Olympics.D.Boltwastheonlypersontoclaimthechampionshipinthe100mand200matthreeGames.22.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthethreeathletesinthepassage?A.creative B.diligent C.determined D.imaginative23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.TopromoteOlympicspiritofwomen.B.TopublicizesomeOlympicachievements.C.Tohonoraccomplishedmaleathletes.D.ToarouseattentiontotheOlympics.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些奥林匹克运动精神的惊人壮举。【21题详解】细节理解题。由Fastaslightning中“WinningeightOlympicgoldmedals,Jamaica’sUsainBoltbecametheonlypersoninhistorytowinthe100mand200matthreeGames.(牙买加的尤塞恩·博尔特赢得了八枚奥运会金牌，成为历史上唯一一位在三届奥运会上赢得100米和200米金牌的人。)”可知，博尔特是唯一在三届奥运会上夺得100米和200米冠军的人。故选D项。【22题详解】推理判断题。由TheflyingDutch-woman中“Nicknamedthe‘FlyingHousewife’,Blankers-Koenarrivedatthe1948Olympicsasa30-year-oldmotheroftwo,withsomethinkinghertoooldtobeachampionandirresponsibleforcompetingwhileshehadchildren.However,allhercriticsweresilencedbyherextraordinaryhistory-makingperformance.(绰号‘飞行主妇’的布兰克斯-科恩以30岁的两个孩子的母亲身份参加了1948年奥运会，一些人认为她太老了，不能成为冠军，而且在有孩子的时候参加比赛是不负责任的。然而，她非凡的历史性表演让所有的批评者都沉默了。)”、TheTornado中“AnAmericaniconandOlympicsprintchampion,WilmaRudolph’slegacyliesinhereffortstoovercomephysicaldisabilitythroughoutmuchofherchildhoodtobecomethefastestwomanintheworldinthe1960s.(作为美国偶像和奥运会短跑冠军，威尔玛·鲁道夫的遗产在于她在童年的大部分时间里努力克服身体残疾，成为20世纪60年代世界上跑得最快的女性。)”以及Fastaslightning中“Nothingcouldstophimfromfinishingin9.69,anewworldrecord.Boltwouldgoontolowerhisownworldrecords—running9.58forthe100mand19.19forthe200m.(没有什么能阻止他以9.69的成绩完成比赛，这是一项新的世界纪录。博尔特将继续降低自己的世界纪录——100米跑9.58米，200米跑19.19米。)”可知，这三位运动员都是有决心且意志力坚定的。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Inthefollowingpage,you’llreadaboutincrediblefeatsofOlympicathleticism.(在下一页中，您将了解奥林匹克运动精神的惊人壮举。)”以及下文可知，文章主要宣传一些惊人的奥运成就。故选B项。BInlateOctober1997,onatypicalfallmorning,MikewasattackedbyatigersharknearhishomeontheislandofKauaiwhilesurfingwithfriends.Thesharkcamerightupunderhimandsankitsteethintohislowerleg.AsMikestruggledtofreehimself,thesharkbitharder,shakinghimviolently.Mikefollowedhisinstinct,punchingthesharkinthefaceagainandagainuntilthesharkreleasedhim.Swimmingtoshore,Mikenoticedhislowerrightlegwasgone.Hisfriendsquicklyappliedatourniquet(止血带)usinghissurfboardleash,whichdoctorslatersaidlikelysavedhislife.Itwasanotherdaybeforethe“fog”lifted,atwhichpointMikeopenedhiseyesandrealizedhewasinhospital.Forthenextfewweekswhilerestinginbed,Mikespenttimewithhisfamily,researchedprosthetics(义肢)andconsideredthefuture.OnceMikewasgiventheOKbyhisdoctors,hedidwhatmanymightconsiderunthinkable.Hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesiteofhisdisaster.Allhisfriendstriedtoconvincehimtoavoidthatsite.ButMikewasunshaken,becausehewascuriousaboutthereasonwhyhewasattacked.Herememberedafishysmellinthewaterthatmorning.Wasthatwhatattractedtheshark?Hiscuriosityledhimtoresearchsharksandwhileheneverfiguredoutwhyhebecameatarget,Mikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldchangehislife.“Humansarefarmoredangeroustosharksthantheotherwayaround,”saidMike,“IwatchedadocumentarycalledSharkwater,andIlearnedaboutthedemandforsharkfinsoupandthefactthat70millionsharksayeararekilledfortheirfinsalone.”Hisuniquesituationasasharksurvivorenabledhimtogivesharksavoice.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistatetohelppassabanonshark-derivedproductsandwasalsoselectedtospeaktotheUnitedNationsabouttheimportanceofsharkconservation.24.WhywasMikebadlyhurt?A.Hisfriendtreatedhiminawrongway. B.Hepunchedthesharkintheface.C.Hedependedonhisinstincttodefendhimself. D.Hewasattackedbyasharkaccidentally.25.WhydidMikereturntothesitewherehehadbeenattackedoriginally?A.Toresearchsharks’behavior. B.Toconservesharkswidely.C.Todiscoverwhyhewasattacked. D.Toimproveridingwaves.26.WhatwasMikeengagedintoconservesharks?A.Promotingbeachsafetyefforts. B.Raisingawarenessaboutmarineprotection.C.Pushingforlegalmeasurestoprotectsharks. D.Fightingagainstallshark-relatedactivities.27.WhichofthefollowingbestreflectsMike’sstory?A.Returngoodforevil. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. D.Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mike在冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击，失去了一条腿，但他没有因此放弃，反而开始研究鲨鱼并致力于保护鲨鱼的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“InlateOctober1997,onatypicalfallmorning,MikewasattackedbyatigersharknearhishomeontheislandofKauaiwhilesurfingwithfriends.(1997年10月底的一个典型的秋日早晨，Mike在考艾岛的家附近与朋友冲浪时，被一只虎鲨袭击。)”可知，Mike受伤严重是因为他被鲨鱼意外袭击了。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButMikewasunshaken,becausehewascuriousaboutthereasonwhyhewasattacked.(但Mike没有动摇，因为他很好奇自己为什么会被袭击。)”可知，Mike回到原被袭击地点是为了发现他被袭击的原因。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistatetohelppassabanonshark-derivedproductsandwasalsoselectedtospeaktotheUnitedNationsabouttheimportanceofsharkconservation.(他开始与夏威夷州合作，帮助通过禁止鲨鱼制品的禁令，并被选中向联合国发表演讲，讲述保护鲨鱼的重要性。)”可知，Mike致力于推动保护鲨鱼的法律措施来保护鲨鱼。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Mike在遭遇鲨鱼袭击后，没有选择报复或放弃，而是开始研究鲨鱼并致力于保护它们。他的行为体现了“以德报怨”的精神，即尽管自己受到了伤害，但仍然选择以善良和宽容的态度去对待那些可能对自己造成伤害的生物。选项A“Returngoodforevil”（以德报怨）最能反映Mike的故事。故选A。CInfifthgrade,HaileyMageerushedhomefromschoolupsetafterseeingthatshe’dreceivedanAminusonherreportcard.Growingup,shehadlearnedthatthewaytoreceiverecognitionandlovefromfamilymembersandteacherswastobeahighachiever.So,toMagee,thatAminusmeansafailure.“Iwasshattered,”shesaid.“Atthatmoment,Ifeltlikemyself-worthasahumanhadfallenfarbelowwhatitwouldhavebeenifI’dgottenanAoranAplus.”Magee’sturningagoodgradeintoanexampleofherinferiorityisatextbookexampleofagrowingtrendinrecentyears:perfectionistbehavior.Perfectionismisabroadpersonalitystylecharacterizedbyahypercriticalrelationshipwithoneself.Settinghighstandardsandaimingforexcellencecanbepositivetraits,butperfectionismisdysfunctional,becauseit’semphasizedbyaperson’ssenseofthemselvesaspermanentlyflawedordefective.Onceanissuethataffectedaselectfew,perfectionismisnowagrowingculturalphenomenon,fueledbymodernparenting,socialmediaandanincreasinglycompetitiveeconomy.StruggleswithperfectionismhavebeenthesubjectofmultipleTEDtalks,Oprahdiscussionsandbooks.“Wearesosuckedintoourscreens,andourlifeissoperfectlyrevealed,”NetflixstarLanaCondorsaid.“Youseeotherperfectlivesandyourlifeisn’tlikethat.AndsoifIgoout,andpeopleseethatmylifeisn’tperfect,I’mafraidthey’lljudgeme.”“Lookaroundthesedays,andyoucanfindperfectionismeverywhere,”saidThomasCurran,apsychologistattheUniversityofBath.“IseeitinmyownfriendsandcolleaguesandthestudentsIteach.”Inanagewhensocialmediamakesitpossibletoconstantlycompareyourownlifetoothers’,perfectionismhasonlybecomestrengthened.It’sneverbeenhardertokeepupwiththeJoneses,becausetodayweareconstantlyexposedtoseeminglyperfectimagesofotherpeople’slives.Eventually,Mageetransformedherattitude.Shelearnedthatshehadtorelaxabitandallowherselftoshowallherimperfections.Sheeventuallylearnedtotrustthatshecouldalsoshowherselfup,shecouldbenotperfectandstillbevalued.“Icanbeimperfectandeverythingcanbefine.”28.HowdidMageefeelonreceivingherreportcard?A.Shewasupsetasitwasn’trecognizedbyherfamily.B.Shewasregretfulthatshecouldhavestudiedharder.C.Shefeltinhermindthatshewouldachieveherself-worth.D.Shewasdepressedasshefellshortofherhighexpectations.29.Theunderlinedwords“isdysfunctional”inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymean________.A.operateswell B.hasnegativeeffects C.behavespoorly D.haspositiveeffects30.Whathascontributedtoperfectionismbeingagrowingculturephenomenon?A.parents’usualexpectations B.socialmediasuchasTEDtalksC.pressurefromtheoutside D.toomuchself-discipline31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsMagee’stransformation?A.Approving B.Critical C.Indifferent D.Dismissive【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过五年级学生HaileyMagee追求完美的事例说明了如今完美主义成为近年来不断增长的一种趋势，且对人有负面影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Iwasshattered,”shesaid.“Atthatmoment,Ifeltlikemyself-worthasahumanhadfallenfarbelowwhatitwouldhavebeenifI’dgottenanAoranAplus.”(“我崩溃了，”她说。“那一刻，我觉得我作为一个人的自我价值远远低于如果我得了A或A+所能达到的水平。”)”可知，玛吉收到成绩单时很沮丧，因为她没有达到她的高期望。故选D。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“becauseit’semphasizedbyaperson’ssenseofthemselvesaspermanentlyflawedordefective.(因为它被一个人认为自己永远有瑕疵或有缺陷的感觉所强调)”可知，完美主义被一个人认为自己永远有瑕疵或有缺陷的感觉所强调，推测完美主义对人有负面影响。故划线词意思是“有负面影响”。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Onceanissuethataffectedaselectfew,perfectionismisnowagrowingculturalphenomenon,fueledbymodernparenting,socialmediaandanincreasinglycompetitiveeconomy.(完美主义曾经只是少数人的问题，而现在，在现代教育、社交媒体和竞争日益激烈的经济的推动下，完美主义已成为一种日益增长的文化现象)”可知，来自外界的压力导致完美主义成为一种日益增长的文化现象。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Eventually,Mageetransformedherattitude.Shelearnedthatshehadtorelaxabitandallowherselftoshowallherimperfections.Sheeventuallylearnedtotrustthatshecouldalsoshowherselfup,shecouldbenotperfectandstillbevalued.“Icanbeimperfectandeverythingcanbefine.(最终，玛吉改变了她的态度。她知道她必须放松一点，允许自己表现出所有的不完美。她最终学会了相信，她也可以展示自己，她可以不完美，但仍然被重视。“我可以不完美，但一切都可以很好。”)”可知，作者对玛吉的转变持赞成态度。故选A。DIamalwayssurprisedbyhowoftengardening,apursuitallaboutcommuningwithnature,canbesodrivenbyfear.OneofthemostcommonquestionsIgetfromconcernedgardenersishowtoremovetheclimbingplantslikeivy(常春藤)fromwalls.Thethinkingbehindthisisthatclimbersshatterbrickworkandcancauseprofoundstructuraldamagetobuildings.Butwhenyouactuallylookatthescience,veryfewofthesefearsarebasedonanyevidence.Ina2024study,arangeofclimbingplantswerefoundtohaveaprotectiveeffectonmodelbrickbuildingsconstructedfortheexperiment.Theshadecastbytheplantleavescooledthesurfaceofthebuildingsinthesummerbyasmuchas5.7℃,reducingthewideswingsbetweendayandnighttemperatures—akeydriverofsurfacestructuraldamage.Despiteconcernsthatplantstrapmoisture(潮气)againstbrickwork,leadingtodampissues,thesametrialfoundthiswasn’tthecase.Ivydidn’tsignificantlyraisehumiditylevels—rather,ithelpedstabilizethem.Thelivingcoatingalsoloweredsummertemperaturesinsidethebuildingsbyupto7.2℃.Itisworthbearinginmindthattheseresultswerefrombrandnew,modelbuildings.Whataboutreal-world,well-usedbuildings,whichmayhavealreadyexperiencedcenturiesofenvironmentaldamage?Well,anotherstudyfrom2020foundthatinfivehistoricbuildingsacrossEngland,barewallsexperiencedaveragemaximumtemperatures36percenthigherandminimumtemperatures15percentlowercomparedwiththosecoatedinprotectiveleaves.Imagineiftherewasanewmaterialthatcouldcoolcitiesandcutenergybills,alllookingbeautifulandcostingpartofthepriceofalternatives.Thetruthisthatwehavehadthismiraclematerialallalong,butratherthanappreciatingit,wehavespenthugeamountsoftimeworryingabouthowtogetridofit.32.Whydomanygardenerswanttoremoveclimbingplants?A.Theyfearthedisorderlygrowthofclimbingplants.B.Theyneglectthebenefitofclimbingplantstotheatmosphere.C.Theysupposeclimbingplantsdon’tmatchthelayoutoftheirgardens.D.Theythinkclimbingplantsmaycausedamagetothebuildings.33.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingthepassage?A.Wideswingsintemperaturedamagestructures.B.Ivieshelptrapmoistureagainstbrickwork.C.Climbingplantsareoflittlebenefittoreal-worldbuildings.D.Climbingplantsarewidelypopularastheyarecheap.34.Whyarehistoricbuildingsmentionedinparagraph4?A.Tosupportanidea. B.Toclarifyadefinition.C.Topresentconvincingdata. D.Tointroduceatopic.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ClimbingPlants:BeautifulBrickworkDecorationsB.ClimbingPlants:ExceptionalBuildingProtectorsC.ClimbingPlants:EconomicalConstructionMaterialsD.ClimbingPlants:ReliableEnvironmentGuards【答案】32.D33.A34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了攀缘植物(如常春藤)对建筑物的保护作用，而非普遍认为的损害作用。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thethinkingbehindthisisthatclimbersshatterbrickworkandcancauseprofoundstructuraldamagetobuildings.(背后的想法是，攀缘植物会破坏砖石结构，并可能对建筑物造成严重的结构性损害)”可知，许多园丁想要去除攀缘植物是因为他们认为攀缘植物可能会对建筑物造成损害。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theshadecastbytheplantleavescooledthesurfaceofthebuildingsinthesummerbyasmuchas5.7℃,reducingthewideswingsbetweendayandnighttemperatures—akeydriverofsurfacestructuraldamage.(植物叶子投下的阴影在夏季使建筑物表面温度降低了多达5.7℃，减少了昼夜温差——这是导致表面结构损坏的一个关键因素)”可知，昼夜温差的大幅波动会损害结构。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Well,anotherstudyfrom2020foundthatinfivehistoricbuildingsacrossEngland,barewallsexperiencedaveragemaximumtemperatures36percenthigherandminimumtemperatures15percentlowercomparedwiththosecoatedinprotectiveleaves.(那么，2020年的另一项研究发现，在英国的五座历史建筑中，裸露的墙壁的平均最高温度比覆盖有保护叶子的墙壁高出36%，而最低温度则低出15%)”可知，第四段提到历史建筑是为了支持前文提到的攀缘植物对建筑物有保护作用的观点。通过对比有攀缘植物覆盖的墙壁和裸露的墙壁的温度差异，进一步证明了攀缘植物的保护作用。因此，选项A“为了支持一个观点”正确。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。全文主要围绕攀缘植物对建筑物的保护作用进行阐述，通过研究结果证明了攀缘植物能够降低建筑物表面温度、稳定湿度等积极作用。因此，标题应该突出攀缘植物对建筑物的保护作用。由此可知，选项B“ClimbingPlants:ExceptionalBuildingProtectors(攀缘植物：卓越的建筑物保护者)”最能概括全文主旨，因此是最佳标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ResearchersagreethatsomeonlineexperiencescanbenefitevenyoungmembersofGenerationZ.Butstudieshavealsolinkedtimespentonlinewithhealthissues.___36___Beactiveinsteadofpassive.Choosewhatyoudoandview.Chatovervideowithfriendsorfamily.Writeorcommentonposts.Createworksofart.“Youcanhavereallymeaningful,supportiveconversationswithfriends,”sayspsychologistSamEhrenreich.Hecontraststhiswith“passive”screentime—“sittingthereandscrollingcontinuously,withoutactuallyinteractingwithanybody”.___37___Thinkaboutwhatmakesyoufeelgoodandwhatdoesn’tStartbybeinghonestwithyourselfaboutwhenyourtechusemakesyoufeelgood.Butsomepeople’spostsmightmakeyoufeelangryoranxious.Oryoumightenjoysomekindsofvideosbutfeelinadequateasyouwatchothers.___38___Thenavoidthenegativeones.___39___Wedon’tpostInstagrampicturesofussittingathomebored.Neitherdoyourfriends!Likeyou,theyhavehomework,schoolandothernot-so-funresponsibilities.Theydon’tusuallylookpicture-perfect.Withoutrealitycheck,youmayfeelleftoutorjealouswhenyouseefunpartyscenesorglamorousposts.Chancesarethatyourfriendsfeelthesameway,sotalkaboutitwiththem.Protectyourprivacy.___40___There’satendencytoovershareeverydetailofyourlife.Sharingdetailsaboutyourselfonlinemayleaveyouvulnerabletoscammers.Somestrangersonlinemayendangeryou--eitheryourpersonalsafetyoryourwallet.A.Talkwithyourfriends.B.Figureoutwhatthosethingsare.C.Thatcanbesometimesdepressing.D.Berealisticaboutwhatyouseeonline.E.Herearehandytipstoreduceonlinetime.F.Photos,videosandotherpostsbecomepartofyourdigitalfootprint.G.So,howcanyougetthemostfromyourscreentimewhilemanagingtherisks?【答案】36.G37.C38.B39.D40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲怎样在管理风险的同时最大限度地利用上网时间。【36题详解】由上文“ResearchersagreethatsomeonlineexperiencescanbenefitevenyoungmembersofGenerationZ.Butstudieshavealsolinkedtimespentonlinewithhealthissues.(研究人员一致认为，一些在线体验甚至可以使Z世代的年轻人受益。但研究也将在线时间与健康问题联系起来)”可知，这里提到在线体验有好处，但也与健康问题有关，后文应给出一些建议关于怎样利用在线时间。G项So,howcanyougetthemostfromyourscreentimewhilemanagingtherisks?(那么，如何在管理风险的同时最大限度地利用屏幕时间呢？)符合语境，其中therisks与上文healthissues呼应。故选G项。【37题详解】由上文“Choosewhatyoudoandview.Chatovervideowithfriendsorfamily.Writeorcommentonposts.Createworksofart.‘Youcanhavereallymeaningful,supportiveconversationswithfriends,’sayspsychologistSamEhrenreich.Hecontraststhiswith‘passive’screentime—‘sittingthereandscrollingcontinuously,withoutactuallyinteractingwithanybody’.(选择你做什么和查看什么。通过视频与朋友或家人聊天。撰写或评论帖子。创作艺术作品。心理学家萨姆·埃伦里奇说：‘你可以和朋友进行真正有意义、支持性的对话。’。他将此与‘被动’的屏幕时间进行了对比——‘坐在那里不停地滚动，实际上没有与任何人互动’)”可知，这里主要讲要主动地和有意义地去做事情，同时也指出了“被动”的屏幕时间，由此推知，空处应承接“被动”的屏幕时间，指出它的问题或意义。C项Thatcanbesometimesdepressing.(这有时会令人沮丧)符合语境，其中that指代上文sittingthereandscrollingcontinuously,withoutactuallyinteractingwithanybody，有承上作用。故选C项。【38题详解】由上文“Startbybeinghonestwithyourselfaboutwhenyourtechu