河北省邯郸市五校联考高一上学期11月期中英语试题（含答案解析）

2024~2025学年度第一学期期中检测试卷高一英语全卷满分150分考试时间120分钟注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Playingwithtoys.B.Readingabook.C.Watchingavideo.2.Whatdoesthewomanenjoydoing?A.Playingfootballherself.B.WatchingfootballmatchesonTV.C.Offeringticketstofootballfans.3.Whenwillthemanwatchthedancingcompetition?A.ThisThursday.B.ThisFriday.C.ThisSaturday.4.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Offerherafreesalad.B.Checkherorder.C.Servefoodrightaway.5.WhatisDanielgoingtododuringhisvacation?A.Takeatrip.B.Stayathome.C.Visithissister.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getofftheplane.B.Takeanotherseat.C.Gettoknowherneighbour.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Flightattendantandpassenger.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howmanytimesdomembersofthestudygroupmeeteachweek?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.9.Whatwillbetalkedaboutnextweek?A.TheOlympicspirit.B.Thespace.C.Mathematics.10.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Refusethewoman’ssuggestion.B.Exploreanewtopicallbyhimself.C.Becomeamemberofthestudygroup.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.WhydoesSallybuysomanythings?A.Theyareatgoodprices.B.Shewillgoforapicnic.C.Shewillholdahomeparty.12.WheredidSallybuythosethings?A.Inastore.B.OntheInternet.C.Inasupermarket.13.WhatisMike’sattitudetoonlineshopping?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Interested.14.Whoistheonlinecommunitymadeupof?A.Producers.B.Customers.C.Businessmen.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhydoesthewomancallSunshineTravelAgency?A.Togetsomeadvice.B.Tochooseahotel.C.Tochangeherjourney.16.WhatisthemostattractivetothewomanaboutBali?A.Thepleasantweather.B.Thecomfortablehotel.C.Thefantasticshopping.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Callherhusband.B.Packthebags.C.Booktheticket.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowmanyyearshasPetersworkedfortheTiptonPizzaHut?A.31.B.29.C.28.19.Howmuchmoneywasfinallycollected?A.About$500.B.About$12,000.C.Over$18,000.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howheraisedmoneyfordifferentpeople.B.Howhesurprisedakind-heartedman.C.Howhegotalongwithadeliveryman.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBestMuseumsandGalleries(画廊)inSingaporeNationalGallerySingaporeStepintoNationalGalleryofSingaporeandexplorethelargepubliccollectionofSingaporeanandSoutheastAsianartintheworld.Housedintwobeautifullyrestorednationalmonuments(修复的国家纪念碑)—theformerSupremeCourtandCityHallbuildings—thegalleryshowsover8,000artworksfromSingaporeandthearea.Theseartworksofferacomprehensive(综合性的)lookatthedevelopmentofmodernartinAsia.Thegallery’scollectionisdividedintotwomainareas.TheDBSSingaporeGalleryexploresthehistoryofSingaporeanartfromthe19thcenturytothepresentday,whiletheUOBSoutheastAsiaGalleryshowsthedifferentartandculturaltraditionsofSoutheastAsia.ArtScienceMuseumAtArtScienceMuseum,you’llfindanexcitingcollectionofart,science,design,andtechnologythatpromisesauniqueexperience.ThebuildinghostsadvancedshowswithintheMarinaBaySandscomplex(建筑群).Nomatterwhatshowsarethere,thealways-onFutureWorldislovedbypeopleofallagesforitsexcitingexperiences.It’soneofourfavouritemuseumsifyouarevisitingSingaporewithkids.NUSBabaHouseCarefullyrestored,thishouseshowsthedetailsofPeranakanbuildings.ItalsoofferspeopleachancetoseethedailylivesofanimportantPeranakanfamily.Withguidedtours,you’lllearnabouttheuniquecollectionofChinese,Malay,andEuropeaninfluencesthatpresentthisrichandcolourfulculture.CulturalHeritage(遗产)CentresSingaporeisrichinculturaldiversity(多样性),andthelocalheritagecentresareworthvisitingtoexploreandlearnmoreaboutthedifferentcommunitiesthathaveshapedthenation.Asyouexploretheseculturalheritagecentres,you’llhaveabetterunderstandingofSingapore’smulticultures.You’llalsolearntoenjoyeachcommunity’swonderfulefforts.1.WhichgalleryshowsthediverseartandculturaltraditionsofSoutheastAsia?A.DBSSingaporeGallery. B.UOBSoutheastAsiaGallery.C.ArtScienceMuseum. D.NUSBabaHouse.2WhereisArtScienceMuseum?A.Inamodernbuilding.B.IntheformerSupremeCourtandCityHallbuildings.C.IntheMarinaBaySandscomplex.D.InanimportantPeranakan’shome.3.WhatcanvisitorslearnbyexploringtheCulturalHeritageCentres?A.ThehistoryofSingaporeanlaw.B.ThedetailsofPeranakanarchitecture.C.ThedailylivesofEuropeanfamilies.D.AdeeperunderstandingofSingapore’smulticultures.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡最好的四个博物馆和画廊。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NationalGallerySingapore部分第三段中“whiletheUOBSoutheastAsiaGalleryshowsthedifferentartandculturaltraditionsofSoutheastAsia(大华东南亚展厅则展示了东南亚不同的艺术和文化传统)”可知，大华东南亚展厅展示了东南亚多样的艺术和文化传统。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ArtScienceMuseum部分第二段中“ThebuildinghostsadvancedshowswithintheMarinaBaySandscomplex(建筑群).(该大楼在滨海湾金沙建筑群综合体内举办高级展览)”可知，艺术科学博物馆位于滨海湾金沙建筑群综合体内。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据CulturalHeritageCentres部分第二段中“Asyouexploretheseculturalheritagecentres,you’llhaveabetterunderstandingofSingapore’smulticultures.(当你探索这些文化遗产中心时，你会对新加坡的多元文化有更好的了解)”可知，通过参观文化遗产中心，游客将对新加坡的多元文化有更深的了解。故选D项。BNickPerezandhis8-year-olddaughter,LucyMooredroveeighthoursfromCecilCounty,Md.,toKentucky’sCaveRunLakeinhopesofcatchingthemuskyfish(梭子鱼).Afternearly10hoursintherain,Lucyfinallycaughta40-inchmuskywiderthananyPerezhadeverseen.Itwasallthathardwork.Perezsaid,“ThereareguysIknowthatare60yearsoldwhohavenevercaughtone.Andatthetimeshewasalmost9.”Now,threeyearslater,12-year-oldLucyMoorehascontinuedtobeapioneerinasportdominated(占据)bymen.Thissummer,LucybecameboththefirstfemaleandtheyoungestpersontoreceiveMaryland’sMasterAnglerMilestoneAward(奖).Toreceivetheaward,shehadtocatch10differentkindsoffish—allofwhichhadtobe“trophy(奖杯)size”.ButLucyisnotinitfortheawards.Shesaidherfavouritepartaboutfishingisgettingtoexplorenaturewithherdad.“Fishneverreallyliveinuglyplaces,”Lucysaid.TheFishMarylandprogrammefromtheMarylandDepartmentofNaturalResourceslistsmorethan60kindsoffishandthesizestheymustbeinordertobeabletocounttowardsreceivingtheaward.TheFishMarylandprogrammerecognisesfisherswiththreeawards:theAngler,theExpertAnglerandtheMasterAngler.ErikZlokovitz,leaderoftheDepartmentofNaturalResources,said,“Usuallypeoplefocusontwoorthreekinds,andshe’sgot10thatarealltrophysize,soit’sdoublyimpressive.”TheFishMarylandawardprogrammemainlywanttoletlocalsknowthestate’slargebiodiversity,aswellasbreakawayfrominvasive(入侵的)fishbyencouragingpeopletocatchandeatthem.ZlokovitzsaidhewasexcitedtoseeayounggirllikeLucylikefishingbecausehebelievesshecanhelpspreadthejoyoffishingtoyoungergenerations.Shemayencourageotheryoungfishersandgirlstojoinintheprogramme.4WhatwasthemainpurposeofNickPerezandhisdaughter’striptoCaveRunLake?A.Tocatchthemuskyfish. B.Toexplorenaturetogether.C.Toreceiveanaward. D.Tojoininafishingcompetition.5.Whatistherequirementtowinthefishingaward?A.Gettingover60kindsoffish.B.Beingthefirstfemaletocatchamusky.C.Catchingthebiggestmuskywithin10hours.D.Catching10differenttrophy-sizedfish.6.What’sthemaingoaloftheFishMarylandawardprogramme?A.Todevelopthesportoffishing.B.Toshowthestate’sbiodiversity.C.Topickoutsuccessfulfisherswithawards.D.Toencouragelocalstocatchandeatfish.7.WhatcanweknowaboutLucy?A.Sheisagiftedyoungfisher.B.Sheisonlyinterestedincatchingbigfish.C.Sheisn’tinfluencedbyherfatheratall.D.Shedoesn’tlikedoingsomethingoutdoors.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩LucyMoore钓鱼的故事，她9岁时就钓到了很多人都没钓到的巨大梭子鱼，12岁成为马里兰州一项钓鱼比赛的首位女性获奖者，也是最年轻的获奖者。4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“NickPerezandhis8-year-olddaughter,LucyMooredroveeighthoursfromCecilCounty,Md.,toKentucky’sCaveRunLakeinhopesofcatchingthemuskyfish(梭子鱼).(NickPerez和他8岁的女儿LucyMoore从马里兰州塞西尔县驱车8小时来到肯塔基州的CaveRun湖，希望能钓到梭子鱼)”可知，两人前往这个湖的主要目的是钓到梭子鱼。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Toreceivetheaward,shehadtocatch10differentkindsoffish—allofwhichhadtobe“trophy(奖杯)size”.(为了获得这个奖项，她必须捕获10种不同的鱼，而且所有的鱼都必须是“奖杯大小”)”可知，获得该奖的要求是捕获10条不同的奖杯大小的鱼。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“TheFishMarylandawardprogrammemainlywanttoletlocalsknowthestate’slargebiodiversity,aswellasbreakawayfrominvasive(入侵的)fishbyencouragingpeopletocatchandeatthem.(FishMaryland奖励计划主要是想让当地人了解该州丰富的生物多样性，并通过鼓励人们捕捞和食用入侵鱼类来摆脱它们)”可知，这个计划的主要目标是展示该州的生物多样性。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Afternearly10hoursintherain,Lucyfinallycaughta40-inchmuskywiderthananyPerezhadeverseen.Itwasallthathardwork.Perezsaid,“ThereareguysIknowthatare60yearsoldwhohavenevercaughtone.Andatthetimeshewasalmost9.”(在雨中待了近10个小时后，Lucy终于钓到了一条40英寸的梭子鱼，比Perez见过的任何梭子鱼都要宽。这都是辛苦的工作。Perez说：“我认识一些60岁的人，他们从来没有钓过一条这种鱼。那时她快9岁了。”)”和第三段中“Now,threeyearslater,12-year-oldLucyMoorehascontinuedtobeapioneerinasportdominated(占据)bymen.(三年后的今天，12岁的LucyMoore仍然是这项由男性主导的运动的先锋人物)”可知，Lucy在快9岁时就钓到了很多人都没钓到的巨大梭子鱼，12岁的她在钓鱼运动中表现优异。由此可知，她是个有天赋的年轻钓鱼者。故选A项。CTheInternethasdevelopedintoaglobalplatform(平台)connectingpeopleworldwide.Withover7,000languagesspokenworldwide,it’sunsurprisingthatmanylanguagesareusedontheInternet.However,Englishcontenttakesupoverhalfofallwrittencontentonline,despiteonlyaround16%oftheworld’spopulationspeakingthislanguage.AccordingtoW3Techs,themostcommonlanguageontheInternetisEnglish,about55%ofallwebsites.Spanishcomesinsecondplacewith5%,followedbyRussian4.9%,Japanese3.7%,Chinese1.5%.WhyisEnglishthemainlanguageontheInternet?Firstly,theInternetwasdevelopedinEnglish-speakingcountries,andmanyoftheearlyusersoftheInternetwerealsoEnglishspeakers.Secondly,theUnitedStateshasbeenagloballeaderintechnologyandcreation,whichhashelpedmakeEnglishastheInternetlanguage.Thirdly,Englishistheworld’smostcommonlytaughtsecondlanguage.ThelanguageusedbypeopleontheInternethasimportantonlineandofflineinfluences.Itplaysanimportantroleindeterminingtheinclusivity(包容性)orexclusivityoftheonlineworldandcanleadtothedigital(数字的)dividebetweenthosewhohavechancestodigitalspacesandthosewhoaremarginalized(边缘化).AstheInternetbecomesmorehandytopeopleworldwide,theuseoflocallanguagesislikelytoincrease.Technologycompaniesarealreadydevelopingtoolstotranslatewebsitesandsocialmediaplatformsintodifferentlanguages,makingiteasierfornon-Englishspeakerstolearninformationandcommunicateonline.However,thiswillrequiremoreeffortsinlanguagetechnologyandsupportfornon-Englishlanguages.WeneedtoseeamorediverseandinclusiveInternetsatisfyingnon-Englishspeakers’needsinthefuture.What’smore,effortstodevelopmultilingualism(多语言)andlanguageeducationcanbridgethedigitallanguagedivideandhelpmorepeopletakepartintheglobaldigitaleconomy.8.Whatpercentageoftheworld’spopulationspeaksEnglishaccordingtothetext?A.55%. B.16%. C.5%. D.4.9%.9.WhyisEnglishthemainlanguageontheInternet?A.Itistheeasiestlanguagetolearn.B.ItistheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedNations.C.Itistheworld’smostcommonlytaughtfirstlanguage.D.ItisthelanguageofearlyInternetusersandtechnology.10.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThehistoryoftheInternet’sdevelopment.B.TheimportanceofEnglishinglobalcommunication.C.Thechallengesfacedbynon-Englishspeakersonline.D.ThelanguagediversityontheInternetanditsinfluences.11.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthefutureoftheInternetfromthelastparagraph?A.Thedigitaldividewillwidenfurther.B.MorelanguageswillbeusedontheInternet.C.TheuseofEnglishwilldecreasegreatly.D.Allwebsiteswillbetranslatedintoonelanguage.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网上语言多样性及其影响，解释了英语作为主要语言的原因，并展望了未来互联网语言的多样性和包容性发展。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,Englishcontenttakesupoverhalfofallwrittencontentonline,despiteonlyaround16%oftheworld’spopulationspeakingthislanguage.(然而，尽管世界上只有大约16%的人说英语，但英语内容占所有在线书面内容的一半以上。)”可知，世界上讲英语的人口比例是16%。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhyisEnglishthemainlanguageontheInternet?Firstly,theInternetwasdevelopedinEnglish-speakingcountries,andmanyoftheearlyusersoftheInternetwerealsoEnglishspeakers.Secondly,theUnitedStateshasbeenagloballeaderintechnologyandcreation,whichhashelpedmakeEnglishastheInternetlanguage.(为什么英语是互联网上的主要语言？首先，互联网是在英语国家发展起来的，许多互联网的早期用户也是说英语的。其次，美国在技术和创造方面一直处于全球领先地位，这有助于英语成为互联网语言。)”可知，英语之所以是互联网上的主要语言，是因为它是早期互联网用户和技术的语言。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了互联网上存在多种语言，并且英语占比最多，然后解释了英语成为互联网主要语言的原因；接着阐述了互联网语言的使用在线上和线下的影响；最后展望未来互联网语言的多样性发展。因此，文章主要是关于互联网上的语言多样性及其影响。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WeneedtoseeamorediverseandinclusiveInternetsatisfyingnon-Englishspeakers’needsinthefuture.What’smore,effortstodevelopmultilingualism(多语言)andlanguageeducationcanbridgethedigitallanguagedivideandhelpmorepeopletakepartintheglobaldigitaleconomy.(我们需要看到一个更加多样化和更包容的互联网，以满足未来非英语使用者的需求。此外，努力发展多语种和语言教育可以弥合数字语言鸿沟，帮助更多的人参与全球数字经济。)”可知，互联网发展的方向是更多样化、更包容，以及弥合数字语言鸿沟，让更多的人参与全球数字经济。由此可知，在未来，更多的语言将在互联网上使用。故选B项。DDespitemanypublichealthmovementstostressdifferentproblemswithsugarydrinks,wedrinkthemalot.But,noteveryoneconsumes(消费)them.Twonewstudiesthrewlightonthefactthatsomeofusaremoreeasilytobeharmedbysugarydrinksthanothers.Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertorefuseandthefirststudy,donebyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,decidedtounderstandwhy.Forthestudy,128youngpeopleaged17to25tookacomputertesttoseehowtheyfeltaboutsoftdrinks.Thestudyshowedthatthemoreunconscious(无意识的)goodreviewspeoplehadofsoftdrinks,themoresoftdrinkstheyconsumed.Italsofoundthatashortageofinhibitorycontrol(抑制控制的缺少),whichisthethinkingdevelopmentthatallowsustocontrolourneed—say,tobuyanice-tastingsoftdrinkeventhoughweknowit’sunhealthy—wasalsoafactorinincreasedconsumption.Asecondstudyprovidesinformationaboutwhoismoreeasilyinfluencedbythemarketingplans.Thestudyfoundthatsoftdrinkcompanies,likeCoca-ColaandPepsiCo,havemulti-billiondollarsforadvertisingandmarketingplans.Thesemovementsare“increasinglybeingdirectedatdisadvantagedgroups”,includingchildrenandteenagersgenerally,andpeoplelivinginpoorneighbourhoods.Softdrinks,even“zero-sugar”ones,arehighincalories,butoflittlenutritional(营养的)advantages.Placingatax(税)onsweetdrinksmaybeonewaytoreducepeople’sconsumption.McGreenalsosuggeststhatpeopledevelopstrongself-controlofsoftdrinkconsumption.It’ssomethinghewantstoresearchfurther.Headds,“Iwouldalsoliketostopadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogrammesthatareattractivetochildren.It’sreallyimportantforathletestostopadvancingjunkfoodanddrinks.”12.Whatdidthefirststudyfocuson?A.Thehealthproblemscausedbysugarydrinks.B.Thenutritionaladvantagesofzero-sugardrinks.C.Whatmarketingplanssoftdrinkcompaniescarryout.D.Whysomepeoplefindsugarydrinkshardertorefuse.13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“disadvantagedgroups”inParagraph3referto?A.Wealthypeople.B.Children,teenagersandpoorpeople.C.Peoplewithaweakself-control.D.Peoplewithahighlevelofeducation.14.WhatisJoshuaMcGreen’sattitudetoadvertisingforsoftdrinks?A.Supportive. B.Disagreeable. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAdvantagesofSugaryDrinksB.TheRoleofAdvertisinginSoftDrinkSalesC.FactorsInfluencingSugaryDrinkConsumptionD.MarketingPlansofSoftDrinkCompanies【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两项研究揭示了有些人更容易受到含糖饮料影响的原因，包括无意识的积极评价、缺乏抑制控制和针对弱势群体的定向营销。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertorefuseandthefirststudy,donebyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,decidedtounderstandwhy.(虽然含糖饮料无处不在，但有些人发现它们更难拒绝，弗林德斯大学的JoshuaMcGreen教授进行的第一项研究决定了解其中的原因)”可知，第一项研究的重点是为什么有些人很难拒绝含糖饮料。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线部分的下文“includingchildrenandteenagersgenerally,andpeoplelivinginpoorneighbourhoods(包括儿童和青少年，以及生活在贫困社区的人)”可知，画线部分指的是后面提到的儿童、青少年和穷人。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中McGreen所说的话“Iwouldalsoliketostopadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogrammesthatareattractivetochildren.(我还希望停止对儿童有吸引力的运动或节目的软饮料广告)”可知，他希望禁止针对儿童的软饮料广告。由此可知，他对此持不赞同态度。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertorefuseandthefirststudy,donebyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,decidedtounderstandwhy.(虽然含糖饮料无处不在，但有些人发现它们更难拒绝，弗林德斯大学的JoshuaMcGreen教授进行的第一项研究决定了解其中的原因)”和第三段中“Asecondstudyprovidesinformationaboutwhoismoreeasilyinfluencedbythemarketingplans.(第二项研究提供了哪些人更容易受到营销计划影响的信息)”可知，文章围绕两项研究展开，这两个研究探究了有些人更容易消费含糖饮料的原因，包括无意识的积极评价、缺乏抑制控制和针对弱势群体的定向营销三个因素。因此，C项“影响含糖饮料消费的因素”契合文章主旨，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WheneverpeopleaskmehowmywifeandIhavemanaged25Kansassummersalmostentirelywithoutair-conditioning,Iliketosaywedoitbecauseair-conditioningmakesittoohotoutside.InacitylikeHouston,onahotnight,theairthatcomesoutofairconditionerscanmaketheoutsidetemperaturegoupbythreeorfourdegrees.___16___Ourbodieshavegrownsousedtoclimate-controlledindoorspaces,setatacool21℃,thatanythingelsecanfeelunbearable.Asweevolved(进化),biologicallyandculturally,underwildlydifferentclimaticconditions,andwehaven’tlostthatabilitytoadapt(适应).Researchsuggeststhatwhenwespendmoretimeinwarmorhotsummerweather,wecanstartfeelingcomfortableattemperaturesthatoncefeltinsufferable.That’sthekeytoreducingdependenceonair-conditioning:___17___SinceIlefthomeforcollegeinthe1970s,andI’velivedmostlywithoutA.C.I’llsay,werunourhouse’sancientcentralairsystemfortwoorthreedayseachsummer,usuallywhenwehavedinnerguestsorout-of-townvisitors.___18___Tokeepusgoingthroughtherestofthesummer,wedependonelectricfans.They’refreeoftherefrigerants(制冷剂)thatincreaseair-conditioning’seffecttoglobalwarming.___19___OurJuneelectricbillinformedusthatwe’dused80percentlesselectricitythanotherhomesinourtownwithsimilarsquarefootage.___20___Dishwashersaredoubletrouble,puttingoutheatandhumidity(湿度).Wedon’thaveone.Andwedryourclothesontheclotheslineoutback.Insummerwe’llspendasmanyofourat-homehoursaswecanoutdoors.A.Besides,theycansaveyoumoney.B.Thelessyouuseit,theeasieritistolivewithoutit.C.Wealsokeptotherinstrumentsturnedoffasmuchaspossible.D.Butthisweekwasjustthesecondtimewe’veturneditonthisyear.E.Poorairconditioningsystemscancausesomehealthproblems.F.Atthesametime,air-conditioninghaschangedthewaymostAmericansexperienceheat.G.Whenwewanttocreateacomfortableindoorenvironment,airconditionersplayanimportantrole.【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者和妻子尽量在夏天不使用空调，指出研究表明人体有适应炎热的能力，并提倡减少对空调及其他家用电器的依赖。【16题详解】前文“InacitylikeHouston,onahotnight,theairthatcomesoutofairconditionerscanmaketheoutsidetemperaturegoupbythreeorfourdegrees.(在休斯敦这样的城市，在炎热的夜晚，从空调里出来的空气可以使室外温度上升三到四度)”提到空调对室外温度的影响，后文“Ourbodieshavegrownsousedtoclimate-controlledindoorspaces,setatacool21℃,thatanythingelsecanfeelunbearable.(我们的身体已经习惯了室内的温度控制，设定在凉爽的21℃，其他任何东西都让人难以忍受)”指出身体对室内温度的适应，因此F项“Atthesametime,air-conditioninghaschangedthewaymostAmericansexperienceheat.(同时，空调改变了大多数美国人感知炎热的方式)”符合语境，指出空调对人体感知温度的影响，和前文是平行关系，后文是对其具体说明。故选F。【17题详解】前文“Researchsuggeststhatwhenwespendmoretimeinwarmorhotsummerweather,wecanstartfeelingcomfortableattemperaturesthatoncefeltinsufferable.That’sthekeytoreducingdependenceonair-conditioning(研究表明，当我们在温暖或炎热的夏季度过更多时间时，我们可以开始在曾经难以忍受的温度下感到舒适。这是减少对空调依赖的关键)”提到研究表明尽量多待在炎热环境中可以缓解对炎热的不适，因此B项“Thelessyouuseit,theeasieritistolivewithoutit.(你使用它越少，没有它就越容易生活)”符合语境，说明关键是减少使用空调，承接前文，其中的it指代前文的air-conditioning。故选B。【18题详解】前文“I’llsay,werunourhouse’sancientcentralairsystemfortwoorthreedayseachsummer,usuallywhenwehavedinnerguestsorout-of-townvisitors.(我会说，每年夏天，我们会让家里古老的中央空调系统运行两三天，通常是在我们有用餐的客人或外地游客的时候)”介绍每年夏天偶尔使用空调的特殊情况，因此D项“Butthisweekwasjustthesecondtimewe’veturneditonthisyear.(但这周只是我们今年第二次打开它)”符合语境，介绍目前使用空调的情况，承接前文，其中的it指代前文提到的ourhouse’sancientcentralairsystem。故选D。【19题详解】前文“They’refreeoftherefrigerants(制冷剂)thatincreaseair-conditioning’seffecttoglobalwarming.(它们不含制冷剂，而制冷剂会增加空调对全球变暖的影响)”介绍不使用空调的好处包括减缓全球变暖，后文“OurJuneelectricbillinformedusthatwe’dused80percentlesselectricitythanotherhomesinourtownwithsimilarsquarefootage.(我们六月份的电费账单告诉我们，我们比镇上其他同样面积的家庭少用了80%的电)”提到用电支出大幅减少，因此A项“Besides,theycansaveyoumoney.(此外，它们可以为你省钱)”符合语境，介绍不使用空调的好处还包括省钱，和前文是递进关系，后对是对其具体说明。故选A。【20题详解】后文“Dishwashersaredoubletrouble,puttingoutheatandhumidity(湿度).Wedon’thaveone.Andwedryourclothesontheclotheslineoutback.Insummerwe’llspendasmanyofourat-homehoursaswecanoutdoors.(洗碗机是双重麻烦，既散发热量又增加湿度。我们没有。我们在后面的晒衣绳上晒干衣服。夏天，我们在家的时间会尽可能多地花在户外)”介绍在家中尽量少用其他电器的情况，因此C项“Wealsokeptotherinstrumentsturnedoffasmuchaspossible.(我们也尽可能关闭其他电器)”符合语境，概括后文提到的不使用洗碗机等电器的情况。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iloveparks.WhenIbecameamum,IwassoexcitedtointroducethemtomysonNat.Heisautistic(自闭症)andneedsalotof___21___,repetition(重复),andfamiliarityto___22___things.Hedidnotreallyenjoyrollercoasterridesuntil2024,whenItookhimtoDisneyworldforhis21stbirthday.Thatwasahugevictoryforme,becausehehasalotofbehaviouralproblemsbutsomehowI___23___them.Afterourlongwait,we___24___togetacar.NatandIsattogether—itwasalmosttoo___25___.Butwesqueezed(挤)inandafterIcheckedour___26___severaltimes,wewereready.Beforetherideevenstarted,Natsuddenlybegan___27___.Ididn’trealizehewouldbeso___28___.Ididwhatanymumwoulddo.Isaid,“It’sOK,Nat,”andIaskedhimifhewantedtoholdmy___29___.Iheldhishandbeforeheeven____30____becauseIrealizedthatIwasafraid,too.Heheldmyhandfirmly(紧紧地),whichwasso____31____tomebecauseNatalmostnever____32____others.Butfeelingthosestrongfingerswrappedaroundmine,myanxiety____33____.AndthenInoticedthatNatwasnolongershaking.Wehad____34____eachother.Thiswasareallyenjoyableandnervous____35____,andwewerebothexcitedtobeapartofit.21.A.pity B.time C.control D.money22.A.watch B.save C.design D.learn23.A.solved B.considered C.changed D.avoided24.A.seemed B.offered C.managed D.happened25.A.fast B.dirty C.small D.old26.A.starttime B.safetyrules C.cardnumbers D.seatbelts27.A.counting B.shaking C.crying D.running28.A.afraid B.confused C.excited D.embarrassed29.A.head B.belief C.hand D.attention30.A.stated B.answered C.commented D.shouted31.A.unique B.useless C.easy D.strange32.A.reachesoutto B.putsstresson C.giveswayto D.makesroomfor33.A.appeared B.remained C.grew D.softened34.A.controled B.directed C.calmed D.doubted35.A.experience B.schedule C.habit D.movement【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和患有自闭症的儿子一起坐过山车的经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有自闭症，需要大量的时间、重复和熟悉来学习东西。A.pity可惜；B.time时间；C.control控制；D.money金钱。根据上文“Heisautistic”以及下文“repetition（重复）,andfamiliarityto___2___things.”结合常识可知，此处应表示他有自闭症，需要大量的时间、重复和熟悉来学习东西。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有自闭症，需要大量的时间、重复和熟悉来学习东西。A.watch观看；B.save节省；C.design设计；D.learn学习。根据上文提到的他有自闭症，以及“needsalotof___1___,repetition（重复）,andfamiliarityto”，由此可知，此处应表示他有自闭症，需要大量的时间、重复和熟悉来学习东西。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一个巨大的胜利，因为他有很多行为问题，但不知何故我解决了它们。A.solved解决；B.considered考虑；C.changed改变；D.avoided避免。根据上文“becausehehasalotofbehaviouralproblems”由此可知，此处应表示因为他有很多行为问题，需要作者解决。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的等待，我们终于弄到了一辆车。A.seemed似乎；B.offered提供；C.managed设法；D.happened发生。根据上文“Hedidnotreallyenjoyrollercoasterridesuntil2024”提到坐过山车，以及“Afterourlongwait”由此可知，此处应表示经过长时间的等待，我们终于弄到了一辆车。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纳特和我坐在一起——它几乎太小了。A.fast快的；B.dirty脏的；C.small小的；D.old旧的。根据下文“Butwesqueezed（挤）in”，由此可知，此处应表示过山车的空间对作者和纳特似乎太小了。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：但我们挤了进去，在我检查了几次安全带后，我们准备好了。A.starttime启动时间；B.safetyrules安全规则；C.cardnumbers卡号；D.seatbelts安全带。根据上文“Icheckedour”以及下文“wewereready”由此可知，此处应表示作者检查了几次安全带后，准备好了。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：还没开始，纳特就突然开始发抖。A.counting计算；B.shaking发抖；C.crying哭泣；D.running跑。根据下文“AndthenInoticedthatNatwasnolongershaking.”提到发抖，由此可知，此处应表示还没开始，纳特就突然开始发抖。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没想到他会这么害怕。A.afraid害怕的；B.confused困惑的；C.excited激动的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文提到的还没开始，纳特就突然开始发抖。由此可知，此处应表示作者想到他会这么害怕。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说：“没关系，纳特。”然后我问他要不要牵我的手。A.head头；B.belief信念；C.hand手；D.attention注意。根据下文“Iheldhishand”由此可知，此处应表示作者问儿子要不要牵手。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词