新高考英语｜语法专项之非谓语动词 讲解课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习专题VIP

Grammar

非谓语动词

非谓语动词功能比较

todo的复合结构

-ingform的复合结构非谓语动词的否定式

-ingform与pp的区别独立主格结构

1.谓语动词与非谓语动词：

在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词；在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动词，叫做非谓语动词。Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Iamreadinganovel.ShefoundEnglishhardtolearn.

Seeingisbelieving.

Thebuildingbuiltisquitesatisfactory.Pleasestopspeaking.（谓语）（谓语）（状语）（主语和表语）（定语）（宾语）2.非谓语动词的分类不定式(todo)

分词动名词（doing）

注意：havingdone/havingbeendone不作定语beingdone不作状语todo/tobedonetobedoingtohavedone/tohavebeendonetohavebeendoing一般式/一般式的被动进行式完成式/完成式的被动完成进行式现在分词过去分词done

既表被动又表完成一般式/一般式的被动完成式/完成式的被动doing/beingdonehavingdone/havingbeendone主语表语宾语定语补语状语todo-ingformpp(done)非谓语动词功能比较eg.Ilikeskating,butIdon’tliketoskatetoday.

Playingwithfireisdangerous.Lookout！Toplaywithfireisdangerous.主语todo表示具体的动作，

-ingform表示泛指的动作。2.不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it

作形式主语。

Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.

Itmademeveryhappytohearhertalkaboutit.【注意1】Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（for引出动作发出者）（of引出adj

修饰的对象）主语Itisnouse/good/useless/fundoing…【注意2】Itisgreatfunsailingaboat.但Itisworthwhile+doing/todo都可Itiseasyfor

metofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorfor

ustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykind

ofyoutogivemesomehelp.It'simpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat.注意：常用在of

句型中的adj有：kind,nice,wise,unwise,clever,foolish,cruel,careless,stupid,naughty,polite,impolite,silly,wrong,brave,honest,noble，right,rude等＝Youareverykindtogivemesomehelp.

＝Youareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.

主语Theofficersnarrowlyescaped_____inthehotbattle.

A.havekilled

B.tokill

C.tobekilled

D.beingkilledDon’tyouremember_____themanbefore?

A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.tohaveseen“Haveyoudecidedwhen_____?”

“Yes,tomorrowmorning.”

A.tobeleaving

B.toleave

C.willyouleaveD.areyouleavingShe_____mewhenIpassedby.A.didn’tpretendtoseeB.pretendednotseeingC.pretendednottoseeD.pretendedtohavenotseen宾语

宾语

注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。

Ifind/feelitinterestingtoworkwithhim．

小结：find/think/feel/make/considerit+adj/n+todosth.MyteachermadeitaruleonlytospeakEnglishinclass.考点一:

demand,want,expect,promise,determine,refuse,offer,fail,manage,learn,agree,seem,hope,decide,prepare,pretend,wish,afford

等+todoEg.老板要求被告诉一切。Eg.Thebossdemandedtobetoldeverything.

考点二:

admit，appreciate，avoid，consider,delay,deny,enjoy，escape,excuse，face，feellike，finish，forgive，fancy（想到）giveup,imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，pardon,practise，putoff，resist,risk，suggest，can’thelp，can’tstand(无法忍受)等+doing宾语

like,love,hate,prefer,begin,start,continue,intend+doing/todo意义无区别考点三：forget，remember，regret，goon，mean，stop，try

等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。

Irememberdoingtheexercise.

Imustremembertodoit.

Imeantocomeearlytoday.

Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour．我记得做过练习．

我必须记得去做这事．我打算今早些来．误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时．宾语

regrettosay/tell/inform…遗憾要regretdoing/havingdone后悔做过考点四：

allow，advise，forbid，permit+doing

allow，advise，forbid，permit+sbtodo

beallowed/advised/forbidden/permitted+todo

Wedon’tallow__________here.

Wedon'tallowstudents___________.Studentsarenotallow____________.smokingtosmoke宾语

tosmoke

考点五：在短语pay/drawattentionto,

devote…to，lookforwardto，stickto,beusedto，objectto，getdownto,be(kept)busy，beworth,havedifficulty／trouble／problem(in)，haveagood／wonderful／hardtime(in)+doing考点六：动词need，require，want

作“需要”解，

+doing（主动表被动）

tobedoneThewindowrequires_____________._____________.

cleaningtobecleaned宾语

考点七bewellworth名词doing(主动形式表被动意思)beworthytobedoneofbeingdoneof+名词宾语Thisplaceis

worthworthyavisitvisitingtobevisitedofavisitbeingvisited1.Thestorywas___,wewereall____.

A.moving,movingB.moved,movedC.moving,movedD.moved,moving2.Thereisa___expressiononhisface.Maybetheproblemistoodifficultforhim.A.puzzledB.puzzlingC.puzzleD.topuzzle3.Withhissontoo___,thefatherwassad.A.disappointedB.disappointing定语和表语doing作定语或表语表令人…done表人感到…eg.Heattendsthemeetingbeingheldintheroomnow.正在被Heattendedthemeetingheld

yesterday.已被

Hewillattendthemeetingtobeheld

将要被tomorrow.2.表示被修饰词的内容时，用todo.eg.Shehasastrongwishtogotocollege.theway/chance/ability/right/willingnesstodo但chance/wayof+doing1.从时态上看，-ingform表示正在进行的动作,pp表示已经完成的动作,todo表示将来的动作。定语3.当名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时用todo作定语Eg.I’mthefirstwomantotravelacrosstheAntarctic.定语Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.Shehasasmallandcoldroom

tolivein.

注意：todo在该结构作定语时主动表被动不定式后有介词时介词保留

动名词作定语

diningcar livingroom typingpaper waitingroomwashingmachine注：动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途定语现在分词作定语peoplediningtherelivingtheretypingtheletter

….现在分词作定语多表示修饰的名词正在发出该动作Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair_____againstyourface.

A.moved

B.moving

C.moves

D.tomoveTheywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.

A.toriskgoing

B.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoingDon’tleavethewater__whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun宾语补足语eg.Ifoundhim__________themoney.(steal)Ifoundthemoney____________.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimself_______________byanoldlady.(lookafter)IoftenhearMary_________thisEnglishsong.-ingform与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；

pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；

(to)do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。补足语stealingstolen

beinglookedaftersing

注意2：在feel，hear，listento，lookat，notice，observe，see，watch，have，1et，make

等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。

注意1：

ask,advise,allow,permit,get,beg,cause,command,order,force,encourage,instruct,remind,warn,want,wish,expect,prefer,wouldlike,callon,dependon,askfor,waitfor,

help

+sbtodoIoftenhearhimsingthesong．

Heisoftenheardtosingthesong·

补足语

注意3：catch,keep,mind,prevent,remember,stop,start,smell,send,fancy（想到）+sbdoing例如：Shecaughthersonsmokingacigarette.We’dbetterkeepthefireburning.Idon’tmindyoujoking.Ilikeit.Theheavyrainpreventeduscominghereontime.Wemusttrytostopthemgettingintotrouble.Idon’trememberhimeversayinganythinglikethat.Hiswordsstartedmethinkingseriously.Canyousmellsomethingburning?Theearthquakesentthechinaandglasscrashingtotheground.

补足语补足语Heapologizedforthere_______somemisunderstandingbetweenus.Hedoesn'tallowthere________anymistakesinhiswork.Canyouimaginethere_________livingthingsonthemoon?tobebeingbeing作状语时的区别：-ing/pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,eg.Theyworkedhardtopayforthenecklace.Iwenttoseehimonlytofindhimout.Iamgladtoseeyou.todo

表示1.目的;2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。

3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因。目的结果原因状语但Heisbusywritinganovel,onlystopping

tosmokeacigaretteonceinawhile.only(仅仅)+doing作伴随状语Inordertopasstheexam，heworkedveryhard．

Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate．

2.

在作表语用的形容词后面作状语。

Iamverygladtohearit.

Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer（主动表被动）．

3.too+adj/adv+todo作状语Heistoooldtodothat．

4.enough+adj/adv+todo作状语Theroomisbigenoughtoholdus．

1.目的状语:inorderto或soastotodo

作状语的其它几种情况:5.so/such…astodo表结果Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak.Iamnotsuchafoolastobelieveyou.-ingform与pp作状语现在分词(短语)与过去分词(短语)作状语,

表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

When

leaving

the

airport,

they

waved

againand

again

to

us.United,westand;divided,wefall.

(=When/Ifweareunited…)Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Climbing

to

the

top

of

the

tower,

we

saw

a

magnificent

view.(1)表示时间(2)表示原因

Being

sick,

I

stayed

at

home.She

caught

cold

sitting

on

the

grass.(3)表示条件Adopting

this

method,

we

will

raise

the

average

yield（产量）

by

40

percent.Wewillnotattackunlessattacked.Evenifinvited,Iwon’tgo.注意1：连词+非谓语动词只用他们的一般式既doing和done但也有asif+todo(4)表示让步Admitting

what

she

has

said,

I

still

think

that

she

hasn't

tried

herbest.(5)表示结果It

rained

heavily,

causing

severe

flooding

in

that

country.It

rained

for

two

weeks

on

end,

completely

ruining

our

holiday.(6)表示方式或伴随情况He

ran

up

to

her

breathing

heavily.Please

fill

in

the

form,

giving

your

name,addressSurroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldteacherwalkedintotheroom.With的复合结构和

独立主格结构(With)theboy_________theway,Ihavenodifficultyinfindingthevillage.(With)nobody___________toforhelp,hefelthopeless.(With)thework____________,theycanrelaxth