专题11 语法填空（记叙文 说明文）-五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)(原卷版)

2020-2024年五年高考真题分类汇编PAGEPAGE1专题11语法填空五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)考点五年考情分布考点1生活故事2023新课标II卷--动物园教英语;(记叙文)2022新课标全国II—修理工救坠落孩子;(记叙文)2021新课标II卷—保护海洋减少塑料努力;(记叙文)2021浙江6月卷—林肯老房子变迁;(记叙文)考点2人与社会--历史文化2024新课标I卷--古丝绸之路和“丝路花园”互鉴(说明文)2024新课标II卷—汤显祖和莎士比亚互鉴(说明文)2023新课标I卷—美食小笼包(说明文)2023浙江1月卷—北京胡同(说明文)2022新课标全国I卷—大熊猫国家公园(说明文)2021新课标I卷—黄山美景惹人醉(说明文)2020新课标卷—博物馆作用和挑战(说明文)考点3人与社会--科学技术2024浙江1月卷—商家促销(说明文)2022年浙江6月卷—给盲人展示触觉画(说明文)2022年浙江1月卷—减少飞行应对气候挑战(说明文)2021浙江1月卷—体重指数变化背后(说明文)2020浙江6月卷—农业发展史(说明文)2020浙江1月卷—人口老龄化(说明文)一、命题取向语法填空的命题形式可分为两大类，一大类是有提示词的题，语篇留出的10个空中有提示词的大约是6到7个。括号中的提示词常是实词，即名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。考生需要综合运用各项语言知识技能，特别是灵活运用各项语法知识和词汇转换技巧，结合文章意思，才能用所给词的适当形式填空。在这几类词中，考查频率较高的是动词，其次为形容词以及名词。二、技巧点拨1、动词(1)谓语动词一般考查1-2个，考生需要根据句子结构判断是否缺谓语动词。一旦确定句子缺少谓语动词，需要从3个方面考虑：时态、语态、主谓一致。确定时态要先观察本句中有无时间状语，不同的时间状语对应不同的时态。没有时间状语的，根据上下文中的时态确定空格的时态，常考查的时态有一般过去时和现在完成时。确定好时态后要考虑语态，也就是谓语动词与主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动。确定时态语态之后，还需考虑主谓一致的问题，即根据主语的单复数形式确定谓语动词的形式。(2)非谓语动词一般考查2个左右，这是语法填空中的一大难点。首先，要先观察设空句的主句和从句中有没有谓语动词来判断是否选用非谓语动词；其次要根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等)明确合适的非谓语动词形式(不定式、V-ing形式、过去分词)。总之，可以把握一个总体方向，即V-ing形式往往表主动或动作进行，过去分词一般表示被动或完成，不定式一般作目的状语或后置定语。2、形容词、副词命题主要围绕两点：一是形容词、副词的比较级与最高级；二是构词，如形容词变副词、动词变形容词、名词变形容词等词性转换和un,dis,in,im,ir,il等否定前缀。3、名词除动词变名词的词性转换外，名词主要考查单复数和所有格的变化。4、代词考查代词时有时会给出提示词，这种情况多考查人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)以及反身代词。考点1生活故事1.2023新课标II卷--动物园教英语(记叙文)WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe36(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand37(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish38?Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive41(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis42theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?43(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I45(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.2.2022新课标全国II—修理工救坠落孩子(记叙文)HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe56(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.57BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell58(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup59(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he60(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes61screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry62(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly63(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy64(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow65tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.3.2021新课标II卷—保护海洋减少塑料努力(记叙文)I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe56(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,57(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething58(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany59usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws(吸管).Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany60emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow61(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso62(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto63(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany64(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover65plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.4.2021浙江6月卷—林肯老房子变迁(记叙文)Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,56(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored(修复)toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln’shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit57$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir58(marry)ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch59(small)thanitistoday.Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome60(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof61(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers,62shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneyear.Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover63(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.64Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand65(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.考点2人与社会--历史文化1.2024新课标I卷--古丝绸之路和“丝路花园”互鉴(说明文)HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalTrust’sWoolbedingGardens.Thisbeautifulstructure,namedGlasshouse,isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes.Thelatest56(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective57(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays58(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incoldweather,thestructurestays59(close)toprotecttheplants.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61firsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern62(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.TheGlasshousestands63agreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute64broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchofthe65(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.2.2024新课标II卷—汤显祖和莎士比亚互鉴(说明文)Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(纪念)TangXianzu,___56___isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommon___57___(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways___59___RomeoandJuliet.”AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,___60___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,___61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational___62___(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___63___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguage___65___seehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”3.2023新课标I卷—美食小笼包(说明文)Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,36(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe39(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed40handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris44(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft45(want)morenexttime.4.2023浙江1月卷—北京胡同(说明文)DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing56arrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.Theterm“hutong”,57(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,58(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses59(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften60(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby61(space)homesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthecenterlivedthecommonersandlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand62(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.HutongsrepresentanimportantculturalelementofthecityofBeijing.ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory63capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric64(event).Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect65cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.5.2022新课标全国I卷—大熊猫国家公园(说明文)TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate62(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and63(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.6.2021新课标I卷—黄山美景惹人醉(说明文)GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus(astonish).forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanismusttovisit!7.2020新课标卷—博物馆作用和挑战(说明文)Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,___56___(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig___57___untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,___58___(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___59___openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic___60___(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection___61___(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine___62___(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___63___(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___64___(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete___65___people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.考点3人与社会--科学技术1.2024浙江1月卷—商家促销(说明文)Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra56(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome57youcan’tusewhatyou’veboughtwhileit’sstillfresh.Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway58willmakethemthemostmoney.Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,that’s59they’llpromote.Butthatleavesthesolo(单独)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree”promotionsbecauseofthe60(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.Consumersprefermoneyoffindividualitems.However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes61(offer)insmallerpacks.Eventhebiggestsausagefandoesn’twanttoeatthemeveryday.Ifyoursupermarketsellslooseproduce,thenbuyingsmallerquantitiesiseasier.Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets62(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacks63(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).Then,whenyouuseonesection,64otherstaysfresh.Whoknows,perhapssomeofthemoreforward-looking65(one)mayyetcomeoutwithawholerangeof“justforyou”packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.2.2022年浙江6月卷—给盲人展示触觉画(说明文)Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting56(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot57(do).JohnOlson,aformer58(photograph)andhisteamturnpaintingsintofullytextured3Dmodels.Thetactile(可触知的)paintingsworkasawaytoshowartto59blindbecausewedon’tseewithjustOureyes:Weseewithourbrains.Researchinthefieldofneuroplasticity-thebrain’sadaptability-showsthatthevisualcortex(大脑皮层)ismadeactivebytouch.Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir60(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof61(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.LucGandarias,who’snowthirteen,wentblindsuddenly62ageseven.Whenhefelta3DversionofLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”he63(notice)hersmilerightaway.”Icanactuallyfeelwhatyouseewhenyoulookatit,”hesaid.ForLuc,thismeans64(independent)."Thefeelingofbeingabletoseeit65toformmyopinionislikebreakingdownanotherwallasablindperson.”3.2022年浙江1月卷—减少飞行应对气候挑战(说明文)KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane57(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers58(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and59(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,60(rough)200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists61(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak62shecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersof63time,theyagreed.Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe64(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans65(continue)thepractice."Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding",shesays,"areallypositivechange."4.2021浙江1月卷—体重指数变化背后(说明文)Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier56thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool57givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga58(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and2559(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased602.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain61(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries62(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed63(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople64(live)inthecountryside,including65(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.5.2020浙江6月卷—农业发展史(说明文)Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived___56___,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn，morefood___59___(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___60___(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people___61___(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,___63___(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with___64___riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods___65___(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.6.2020浙江1月卷—人口老龄化Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation—itisaging.Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin195056(be)30—todayitis41andisexpected57(increase)to42by2050.ForJapan,the58(number)aremorestriking—22in1950,46todayand53in2050.In2015,onein12peoplearoundtheworldwereover65;by2050,itwillbeoneinsix.Thisagingofthepopulationisdriven59twofactors.Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge60(compare)toyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomes61(old)thanbefore.Thisis62(particular)trueintheUS.Thesecondreasonisthatpeoplearelivinglonger.AchildbornintheUStodayhas63veryrealisticchanceoflivingbeyond100andneedstoplanaccordingly.Peopletendtofocusonthefirstfactor.However,greaterattentionshould64(place)onlongevity(长寿).Itisn’tjustthatpeopleare,onaverage,livinglonger.It’salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier65moreproductiveforlonger.Therefore,theycanworkforlonger,consumemoreandingeneralbeaboosttotheeconomy.专题11语法填空五年(2020-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(新高考专用)考点五年考情分布考点1生活故事2023新课标II卷--动物园教英语;(记叙文)2022新课标全国II—修理工救坠落孩子;(记叙文)2021新课标II卷—保护海洋减少塑料努力;(记叙文)2021浙江6月卷—林肯老房子变迁;(记叙文)考点2人与社会--历史文化2024新课标I卷--古丝绸之路和“丝路花园”互鉴(说明文)2024新课标II卷—汤显祖和莎士比亚互鉴(说明文)2023新课标I卷—美食小笼包(说明文)2023浙江1月卷—北京胡同(说明文)2022新课标全国I卷—大熊猫国家公园(说明文)2021新课标I卷—黄山美景惹人醉(说明文)2020新课标卷—博物馆作用和挑战(说明文)考点3人与社会--科学技术2024浙江1月卷—商家促销(说明文)2022年浙江6月卷—给盲人展示触觉画(说明文)2022年浙江1月卷—减少飞行应对气候挑战(说明文)2021浙江1月卷—体重指数变化背后(说明文)2020浙江6月卷—农业发展史(说明文)2020浙江1月卷—人口老龄化(说明文)一、命题取向语法填空的命题形式可分为两大类，一大类是有提示词的题，语篇留出的10个空中有提示词的大约是6到7个。括号中的提示词常是实词，即名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。考生需要综合运用各项语言知识技能，特别是灵活运用各项语法知识和词汇转换技巧，结合文章意思，才能用所给词的适当形式填空。在这几类词中，考查频率较高的是动词，其次为形容词以及名词。二、技巧点拨1、动词(1)谓语动词一般考查1-2个，考生需要根据句子结构判断是否缺谓语动词。一旦确定句子缺少谓语动词，需要从3个方面考虑：时态、语态、主谓一致。确定时态要先观察本句中有无时间状语，不同的时间状语对应不同的时态。没有时间状语的，根据上下文中的时态确定空格的时态，常考查的时态有一般过去时和现在完成时。确定好时态后要考虑语态，也就是谓语动词与主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动。确定时态语态之后，还需考虑主谓一致的问题，即根据主语的单复数形式确定谓语动词的形式。(2)非谓语动词一般考查2个左右，这是语法填空中的一大难点。首先，要先观察设空句的主句和从句中有没有谓语动词来判断是否选用非谓语动词；其次要根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等)明确合适的非谓语动词形式(不定式、V-ing形式、过去分词)。总之，可以把握一个总体方向，即V-ing形式往往表主动或动作进行，过去分词一般表示被动或完成，不定式一般作目的状语或后置定语。2、形容词、副词命题主要围绕两点：一是形容词、副词的比较级与最高级；二是构词，如形容词变副词、动词变形容词、名词变形容词等词性转换和un,dis,in,im,ir,il等否定前缀。3、名词除动词变名词的词性转换外，名词主要考查单复数和所有格的变化。4、代词考查代词时有时会给出提示词，这种情况多考查人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)以及反身代词。考点1生活故事1.2023新课标II卷--动物园教英语(记叙文)WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe36(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand37(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish38?Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive41(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis42theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?43(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I45(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.2.2022新课标全国II—修理工救坠落孩子(记叙文)HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe56(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.57BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell58(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup59(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he60(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes61screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry62(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly63(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy64(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow65tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.3.2021新课标II卷—保护海洋减少塑料努力(记叙文)I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe56(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.