新时代核心英语教程写作2教学课件(U3)

oreurriculum新时代核心英语教程写作23UNITPrewriting—exploringthetopicPrewriting—exploringthetopicbrainstorming头脑风暴branching分支列表freewriting自由写作interviewing访谈KeyTermskeepingajournal撰写日志patternsofdevelopment扩展模式questioning提问MainContentsFreewritingQuestioningBrainstormingKeepingajournalBranchingInterviewingUsingthepatternsofdevelopment2.ApplyingthemethodofbranchingappropriatelyDifficultPoints1.UnderstandingdifferentstagesofbrainstormingBrainstormingBrainstormingBrainstormingisanefforttomakealistofallthethingsyoucanthinkofonaspecifictopic.Theprocessusuallyinvolveswritingdownallfacts,ideas,examples,problems,andattitudesaroundatopiconpaper.Youcanbrainstormaloneorwithanotherperson.BrainstormingBrainstormingThefollowingexampleshowshowyoucanbrainstormonthegeneraltopichealthinordertonarrowitdown.DiseasesSubhealthLosingweightExerciseBodyshapingHealthinpregnancyMentalhealthPhysicalhealthCOVID-19EpidemicBrainstormingThefollowingexampleshowshowyoucanbrainstormonthegeneraltopichealthinordertonarrowitdown.PandemicHealthinsuranceSmokingDrinkingLungcancerCigarettesHeartdiseaseHealthyfoodsDietObesityGothroughthelist,lookingforrelatedideas,patterns,oronecentralideathatmightinterestyou.Beginasecondroundofbrainstorminginwhichthetopicwillbemorefocusedthanthefirst.Furtherbrainstormtoadjustthepurposeforyouressayifnecessary.FurtherbrainstormingFurtherbrainstormingThefollowingisthesecondroundofbrainstorming.YoucanbrainstormonthenarrowertopicCOVID-19.CoronavirusSelf-isolationQuarantineLockdownofthecityHardest-hitareasPublichealthresponseSocialdistanceSocialgatheringTrafficcontrolFurtherbrainstormingThefollowingisthesecondroundofbrainstorming.YoucanbrainstormonthenarrowertopicCOVID-19.ProtectionOnlineofficesMedicineSurgicalmasksWashinghandsEpidemicPandemic14daysVaccinesBrainstormonthetopictraditionalChineseculture.Writedownnolessthan20relevantwordsorphrasesinfiveminutes.Activity1PekingOperaChinesecalligraphyacupunctureTaiChikungfudragondanceChineseporcelaincheongsamdumplingsspringrollsBeijingRoastDuckDimSumBrainstormonthetopictraditionalChineseculture.Writedownnolessthan20relevantwordsorphrasesinfiveminutes.Activity1tofutheForbiddenCitytheGreatWalltheSilkRoadtheSpringFestivalChineseLunarNewYeartheMid-AutumnFestivalLunarCalendartheFourGreatInventionsBrainstormonthetopictraditionalChineseculture.Writedownnolessthan20relevantwordsorphrasesinfiveminutes.Activity1theFourGreatClassicalNovelsTheJourneytotheWestConfuciusFreewritingFreewritingFreewritingisakindofstructuredbrainstorming.Itisamethodofexploringatopicbywritingaboutitforacertainnumberofminuteswithoutstopping.Itinvolvesyouinthewritingprocess.Itisanespeciallyusefultechniqueforovercomingthewriter’sblock.FreewritingFreewritingThefollowingisanexampleoffreewritinginwhichastudentproducedideasandinformationonthetopicwaystorelaxoneself.Everyonehastheirownwayofrelaxing.Asforme,Ioftentrytorelaxmyselfbyeating,exercising,stayingawayfromnegativepeople,orkeepingapositiveattitude.Ithinktheyaregoodwaystorelax.Eatingcanmakemeforgetmanyunhappythingsandbringmehappiness.FreewritingThefollowingisanexampleoffreewritinginwhichastudentproducedideasandinformationonthetopicwaystorelaxoneself.Exerciseisthesame;itcanmakemefeeltired,andthenmakemeforgetmytroublesandstress.Can’tthinkofwhattowritenext.Oh,right,thereareotherwaystorelaxourselves,suchastakingadeepbreath,talkingtoothers,andsleeping.Musttalkwithmyfriendtofindoutmorewaysofrelaxation.FreewriteonthetopicclassicalChineseliteraturein10minutes.Activity2Yourturntopractice!QuestioningQuestioningAskingyourselfquestionstostimulateyourthinkingisanothereffectivewaytohelpyouexplorethetopicfromdifferentperspectives.QuestioningQuestioningThefollowingaresomejournalisticquestionswhichcanofferyouastartingpointforanessayontheworkaholic.Whatisaworkaholic?Doyouknowanyworkaholics?Whatarethetypicalcharacteristicsofaworkaholic?…Asknolessthanfivequestionsonthetopiccomputersin10minutes.Activity31.Whatisacomputer?2.Whatarethedifferentkindsofcomputers?3.Howaretheyalike?Howdotheydiffer?4.Whatarethepartsofeachkindofcomputer,andhowdotheyworktogether?Asknolessthanfivequestionsonthetopiccomputersin10minutes.Activity35.Whatarecomputersusedfor?6.Whataresomewell-knowncomputers?7.Whoinventedthecomputer?8.Whatimpacthavecomputershadonhumanlifeandknowledge?BranchingBranchingBranching,alsocalledmapping,clustering,ordiagramming,isawayofgeneratingideasbyusingfreestylediagrams.Thismethodishelpfulforpeoplewholiketothinkvisually.BranchingTodobranching,youcanfollowthestepsbelow.Writeyourgeneraltopicinthemiddleofthepage.Thinkofideasrelatedtothetopic.Thinkofideasrelatedtothebranches.Continuetodrawbranchesuntilyouaresatisfiedwiththematerial.BranchingBranchingDrawabranchingdiagramonthetopicCOVID-19in10minutes.Activity4KeepingajournalKeepingajournalYoumightkeepajournalandwritedownyourimpressionsonanymatterthatpuzzles,delights,disturbs,orinterestsyou.Journalentriesareoftenpersonalandinformal.KeepingajournalThetopicsbelowmayhelpyougetstarted.Whatmakesmeangry/happy/sad/frustrated/

sorry/embarrassedis…Somethingthatcouldbedonebetteris…IfIwerethepresidentofacompany/thestudentunion/theuniversity,Iwould…Inmywritingclasstoday,Iwondered……KeepingajournalKeepingajournalThefollowingisajournalentry(excerpt)thatcouldbedevelopedintoanessayonhastyjudgment.Itwassunnythisafternoon.Mysix-year-oldbrotherandIwereplayinghappilytogetherintheyardwhenMothercameupandsaidthatthemoneyshehadputonthetablewasgone.Sincenooneelsewasathome,itwasobviousthateithermybrotherorIhadtakenit…Writeajournalentrydescribingaplacemeaningfultoyou.Activity5TITLE:AStreamintheValleyofMyHometownMAINBODY:(excerpt)

Nearmyhomeinthecountryside,thereisavalleyandalittlestreamatthebottomofthevalley.IlikedtogodownthevalleyandplayinthestreamwhenIwentbacktomyhometowninmychildhood…InterviewingInterviewingInterviewingpeoplearoundyouisanotherfeasiblewaytogatherinformation.Youcanlearnmuchbytalkingtopeoplerelatedtoyourtopic.InterviewingInterviewingYoumayinterviewsomeonewhohasretiredrecentlywiththefollowingpreparedlistofquestionsaboutthetopicretirement.Whendidyouretire?Whatdidyoudobeforeyouretired?Whatdoyoulikemostaboutretirement?Whatdoyoulikeleastaboutretirement?…Preparealistofquestionstobeusedforaninterviewabouttheproblemofprocrastination.Activity6Doyouhavethehabitofprocrastinating?Whendoyouprocrastinate?Whydoyouprocrastinate?Doyouenjoyprocrastinating?Doesprocrastinationhaveanynegativeimpactonyou?Preparealistofquestionstobeusedforaninterviewabouttheproblemofprocrastination.Activity6Hasprocrastinationaffectedyourrelationshipwithyourfriendsorfamilymembers?Doyouknowanyonewhosuffersfromprocrastination,too?Preparealistofquestionstobeusedforaninterviewabouttheproblemofprocrastination.Activity6Doyouthinkprocrastinationhasbecomeauniversalproblem,especiallyamongyoungpeople?Ifyouoftenprocrastinate,doyouplantoovercomethebadhabit?UsingthepatternsofdevelopmentUsingthepatternsofdevelopmentYoucanalsorefertothepatternsofparagraphdevelopmenttonarrowdownatopicortomovefromatopictoathesis.TheyarediscussedinUnit14,BookI.UsingthepatternsofdevelopmentUsingthepatternsofdevelopmentThefollowingtableillustrateshowthepatternsofdevelopmentcangeneratedifferentrawmaterialforthetopichappiness.PatternofdevelopmentRawmaterialDescriptionProvideaccuratesensorydetailstodescribethefacialexpressionsandactionsofahappypersonyouknow.NarrationTellastoryaboutamomentwhenyouweretrulyhappy.Cont.UsingthepatternsofdevelopmentPatternofdevelopmentRawmaterialExemplificationProvideseveralexamplesofhappiness.DefinitionExplainthemeaningofhappiness.ProcessanalysisExplainthestepstomakeyourselfhappyagainwhenyouaresad.Cont.UsingthepatternsofdevelopmentPatternofdevelopmentRawmaterialComparisonandcontrastCompareonestateofhappinesswithanother.ClassificationanddivisionDividehappypeopleintogroups.CauseandeffectanalysisExplainthecausesforhappinessortheeffectsofhappinessonaperson’slife.Usethepatternsofdevelopmenttogeneraterawmaterialforthetopiconlinelearning.Activity7PatternofdevelopmentRawmaterialDescriptionProvideaccuratesensorydetailstodescribethefacialexpressionandactionsofastudentinonl