2024年高考英语全真预测卷-新高考卷2

2024年高考英语全真预测卷-【新高考II卷】

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来问答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whowillposttheletterprobably?

A.Mary.B.Tom.C.Jack.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Ineedsomeonetopostthisletter.Areyoufree,Mary?

W:Sorry,Tom,I'mbusynow.Whydon'tyouaskJack?Heisfreeandheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

M:OK.Thankyouallthesame.

2.Whendid（hewomanbegintosr.eeze?

A.OnMondaymorning.B.OnMondayafternoon.C.OnMondaynight.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Arcyoufeelingallright,Annie?Youlookabitpale.

W:That'sbecauseI'mstillrecoveringfromtheflu.ItseemedeverythingwasfineuntilMondaymorning.ThenI

startedsneezingonMondayafternoonandbybedtimemytemperaturehadreached39.5degrees.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aperformance.B.Aninvestment.C.Afilm.

【答案】C

【原文】W:ThefilmwesawinAugustperformedpoorlyattheboxoffice.Itcouldn'tevencovertheinvestors'

cosis.

M:Oh,I'mnotsurprisedeventheallstarcastcouldn'trescuetheweakplot.

4.Wherearethespeakersnow?

A.Atanaiq>ort.B.Inarailwaystation.C.Onaflight.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Whatdidtheannouncersayjustnow?

W:Shesaid,“PassengersonFlightCAI()1toHongkongpleasemaketheirwaytothedeparturegate?,

M:Really?I'mgoingtotakethisflight.

5.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?

A.Tomakeanappointment.B.Toattainsomeinformation.C.Toputoff

hisweekendtrip.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Hello,CityRobotMuseum.MayIhelpyou?

M:Whatareyouropeninghoursforweekend?

W:From9:00inthemorningto6:00intheafternoononSaturday.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，

并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小

题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Running.B.Goingshopping.C.Buyingmedicine.

7.Whydidthemanputoffthetrip?

A.Hiswifewasill.B.Theywantedtoski.C.Theweatherwasbad.

【答案】6.B7.A

【原文】W:Hey,Jack!Hi!

M:Oh,hi!Howarcyoudoing,Catherine?

W:Nottoobad.Whereareyouheadedsolate?

M:Err,justtotheconveniencestoreonthecorner.We'verunoutofmilk.

W:Isee.How'syourwife?Didshegetoverthatflu?

M:Oh,yeah,yeah.Thanks.She'sfinenow.Actually,wehadtoputoffthisweek,striptoWhistlerforskiing

becauseofit.Butwearegoingnextweek.

W:Oh,youare?Skiingisgreat.It?simportanttostayactiveinwinter.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8.WhydocsBrucecometoGloria?

A.Toissueaninvitation.

B.Tohelpherorganizeaschooldance.

C.Toinquireaboutstudyingabroad.

9.WherewillGloriabeonSaturdaynight?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inadancestudio.C.Athercousin'splace.

10.WhatdoesGloriaadviseBrucetodo?

A.Practicetenniswithher.B.GetintouchwithAlice.C.Searchforinformationonline.

【答案】8.A9.C10.B

【原文】M:Hey,Gloria,haveyouheardabouttheschooldancethisweekend?

W:Yes,Bruce,what'sup?

M:Hmm.Haveyouhadadate?Iwonderifyou'dliketogowithme.

W:I'dlovetoBruce,butIhaveafamilyreuniononSaturdaynightatmycousin,shouse.Shewillstudyabroad

soon.WewillhaveabigfamilydinnerandIneedtoprepareagiftfbrher.

M:That'stotallyfine,Gloria.IguessImightgoalone.

W:Well,whenIplayedtenniswithAliceyesterday,shementionedshewantedtogotothedanceparty,butshe

couldn'tfindanyonetopairupwith.Youmaytryaskingher.

M:Oh,really,thanksfortheinformation.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11.Whendidthemuseumreopen?

A.In2004.B.In2008.C.In2012.

12.WhichexhibitwillfocusonAsianculturenextyear?

A.WorldView.B.MovingArena.C.LifeonEarth.

13.Whatattractsvisitorsmostinthemuseum?

A.Theperiodicalshow.B.Theexperttalk.C.Theinteractiveexhibit.

【答案】11.B12.A13.C

【原文】M:Couldyoustartbytellingmealittleaboutthemuseum'shistory?

W:Okay,itwasfoundedintheearlynineteenthcentury,butitwasdamagedin1941.Then,afewdecadeslater,city

councilcollectedmoneytofoundanewmuseum.Thismoneywasawardedtothemuseumin2004butitwasn't

untilfouryearslaterthattherestoredmuseumopenedtothepublic.

M:Whatahistory!

W:Asyoucansee,thereareseveralgalleries.ThegalleryonyourleftiscalledWorldView.Itchangesperiodically.

It,snowaboutAfricanculture.It511lookatAsianextyear.

M:Amazing!

W:Thenwccometoanotherpopulargallery,lifeonearth.It'saboutthehistoryoftheplanetwcliveon.Therearc

experttalkseveryweekend.Nexttothisgalleryisaninteractiveexhibit.It'scalledmovingarena.It'sactuallya

giantmapofthecitythatyoucanwalkon.Thisisthemainreasonwhythemuseumissopopular.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14.Howdidthemanlearntodoskateboardingatfirst?

A.Bytakingafewlessons.B.Bywatchingsomevideos.C.Byasking

hiscousinforhelp.

15.Wheredoesthemanoftendoskateboarding?

A.Aroundthecitysquare.B.Onthebasketballcourt.C.Bythebeach.

16.Whaldoesthemanusuallydotokeepfit?

A.Swim.B.Cycle.C.Jog.

17.Whatistheman'slatestplan?

A.Totrainforaskateboardcompetition.

B.Tovisitchildren'sskateboardcamps.

C.Totakepartinaskateboardadvertisement.

【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.B

【原文】W:Blaine,whendidyoustartskateboarding?

M:Igotmyfirstskateboardateight,Iwantedtojointheskateboardclubatmylocalpark,butyouhadtobeat

leasttwelve.Mycousinwasgoodatdoingjumps,buthewasnotinterestedinteachingkidslikeme.SoIwatcheda

lotofskateboardingvideosandpractisedallthemoves.

W:Whereisthebestplaceforskateboarding?

M:Well,fbrfreestyleboarding,whichdoesn'tneedaskatepark.Anysmooth,flatgroundlikeabasketballcourtor

asquarewilldo.TheplaceImostoftengotoistheparkthatgoesalongthebeach.

W:Thenwhatdoyouliketodotostayfit?

M:Iusedtocycleorjogtwiceaweek.Thatwasn'tkeepingmefitenoughthough.NowPvejoinedthegymto

spendtimeswimming.

W:Doyouhaveanyplansforthefuture?

M:PHmissabigcompetitionasI'mrecoveringfromanankleinjury,i'vcbeenaskedtoadvertiseanew

skaicboard,butthat'llhavetowaituntilIgetbackfromtheUSA.First,I'mgoingtheretoseeskateboardcampfbr

children.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

18.Whydidthespeakermaketheappointment?

A.Tovisithisnewneighbour.

B.Tohavehishouseexamined.

C.Toorganizeafamilyouting.

19.WhatdidthespeakerfailtodolastMonday?

A.Calltheexaminerinadvance.

B.Chargethemanforhisservice.

C.Makethepaperworkready.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestinthetalk?

A.Stayingenergeticatalltimes.

B.Alwaysbeingprepared.

C.Neverfearingfailure.

【答案】18.B19.C20.B

【原文】M:TodayIwanttotalkabouttheimportanceofbeingprepared.Thereisafamoussayingthatgoes:uIf

youfailtoprepare,preparetofhil.“【t'sfamousbecauseitissotrue.Letmesharewithyouastorythathappenedto

merecentlythatprovesthis.Overthesummer,Ihadtogetthemainbedroomofmyhouserebuilt.Lastweek,I

organizedforabuildingexaminationfor11o'clockonMonday.Well,at10:55,Iwasstillintheshower.Ihad

forgottenallaboutit!Whentheexaminerknockedonthedoor,Irushedoutoftheshower.However,Ihadn'ttaken

thetimetoupgradeallthepaperwork.Iwastotallyunprepared—nottomentioncompletelyenioarrassed!By

11:05,theexaminerhadleft.Hecouldn'twaitaroundfbrmetogetreadyashewasscheduledforanotherjob

somewhereelse.Imadehimangrybywastinghistime.Unfortunately,Ihadtobookanotherappointment—andI

hadtopaytwice!ThepointIamtryingtomakeis,please,whateveryoudoinlife,alwaysbeprepared!

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

（原创试题）题源:_JAdaptedfromTravelicious

HiddenGems:UnderratedNationalParksWorthExploring

ManytravelersflocktopopularnationalparkslikeYellowstonefortheirfamilyvacationsoradventurous

getaways.However,therearesomelesser-knowngemsthatoftengounnoticeddespitetheirremarkablebeautyand

attractions.

IsleRoyaIeNationalPark

NestledintheheartofLakeSuperior,IsleRoyalerequiresabi（ofefforttoreach,butthejourneyisrewarded

withbreathtakingscenery.Accessibleonlybydailyferries,thisparkseesfarfewervisitorscomparedtolarger

dcs:inationslikeYellowstone.Hikersarctreatedtosightingsofwildlifesuchaswolvesalongthepark'spicturesque

trails.

DryTortugasNationalPark

Situated68milessouthwestoftheFloridaKeys,theDryTortugasisasecluded（偏僻的）islandparkaccessible

onlybyboatorplane.Despiteitssmallsize,itboastsrichhistory,abundantmarinelife,andstunningcoralreefs.At

itscenterstandsFortJefferson,thelargestmasonrystructurein（heWesternHemisphere.

Wrangell-St.EliasNationalPark

Coveringover13.2millionacres,Wrangell-StEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.parksystem.

Remoteandlargelyundeveloped,thisparkchallengesvisitorswithlimitedaccess-onlytworoadsleadintoit.

However,thosewhoventureherearerewardedwithaprofoundconnectiontonatureunparalleledelsewhere.

BigBendNationalPark

Fortravelersseekingatrulyrugged（崎岖的）experience.BigBendNationalParkisamust-visitdestination.

Renownedforitswhitewaterrafting,camping,andhikingopportunities,thisparkcanbeexcessivelyhotduringthe

summermonths,deterringmanytourists.

Thesehiddengemsofferuniqueexperiencesandbreathtakinglandscapes,makingthemworthycontendersfor

anyadventurer'sbucketlist.

21.WhydoesIsleRoyaleNationalParkreceivefewervisitors?

A.Itislocatedinaremoteareaandisdifficulttoreach.

B.Itlackswildlifeandnaturallandscapes.

C.Ithasnohistoricalorculturalsignificance.

D.Itsclimateisextremelyhot.

22.WhatisDryTortugasNationalParkrenownedfor?

A.Itswhitesandbeaches.B.Itsancientruins.

C.Itsabundantmarinelifeandcoralreefs.D.Itsmountainouslandscapes.

23.Whichnationalparkisparticularlynotableforitsvastsizeandprofoundconnectiontonature?

A.IsleRoyaleNationalParkB.DryTortugasNationalPark

C.BigBendNationalParkD.Wrangell-St.EliasNationalPark

【答案】21.A22.C23.D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了美国几个著名国家公园的特点。作者首先提到了IsleRoyale

NationalPark,指出它位于苏必利尔湖中，需要乘坐渡轮才能到达，因此游客相对较少。接着介绍了Dry

TortugasNationalPark,强调了它丰富的海洋生物和壮丽的珊瑚碓。最后，提及了Wrangell-SlEliasNational

Park,强调了其作为美国公园系统中最大的公园，以及其偏远、未开发的特点，给游客提供了与自然深刻连

接的机会。

[211解析】推断判断题。根据文章中的描述:"IsleRoyaleNationalPark,nestledinLakeSuperior,canonlybe

accessedbydailyferries,deterringmanytouristscomparedtolargerparks.”可推断出，该公园位于苏必利尔湖

中，只能通过每日渡轮才能进入，这相比较于更大的公园，使得许多游客望而却步。因此，答案选项A正

确。

[22解析]细节理解题。文章直接提到:"DryTortugasNationalParkisrenownedforitsrichmarinelifeand

stunningcoralreefs,makingitano:ableattractiondespiteitssmallsize.”这清楚地说明了该公园以其丰富的海

洋生物和令人惊叹的珊瑚礁而闻名，支持答案选项C为正确答案。

[23解析】推断判断题。文章指出：“WrangeU-StEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.parksystem,

coveringover13.2millionacres.Itisdescribedasremoteandlargelyundeveloped,offeringvisitorsaprofound

connectiontonature"这表明了其庞大的规模和偏远、未开发的特点为游客提供了与自然深刻连接的机会。

因此，答案选项D正确。

B

Istarteda“questionoftheday“sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviesto

politics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwas

tooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We'dsharedlaughs,

encouragement,andfunnymemes（表情包）.Ittookonlyoneconversation—whichIwasinthemiddleof—to

endit.

IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Beforesmartphonesenabled

instantcommunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inperson,ycucouldcutina“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?”

tocouectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutofhand.Don'tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgrouptext.Itmakesme

feelconnectedtopeopleinawaythatIjustcan'tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.

\'mlearning,butIhadarelapse（复发）recently.Ijoinedanewtextgroup.1introducedmy“questionofthe

day“feature.Ifooledmyselfintothinkingthatiwasencouragingahealthydebateoncurrentevents.No.Othersin

thegroupsawi（asmetryingtoprovethatmywaywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsome

personalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthis

friendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch—nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit—inperson.That's

whenhetoldmeI'dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn'ttoldanyoneelse.Iapologizedplentifullyandcame

awayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.

Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowchatIhaveavoidedmakingafewpoints

thatIwastempted（鼓动）tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insomecases,Ididn'tevenrespond.Ihaven'tlost

anymoreconnectionsbydoing（his.

24.Howdocstheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics.B.Byrespondingtosometextmessages.

C.Bypresentingapersonalexperience.D.Bystartingafunnyconversation.

25.Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalcommunication?

A.Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers.B.Makingquickandsharpresponses.

C.Failingtoexpresshimselftimely.D.Focusingontheissuesofhisown.

26.Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?

A.Hegaveawaytheprivacycfhisfriend.

B.Healwaysmademistakesoncurrentevents.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.

D.Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.

27.Whatdocstheauthorlearnfronhisexperience?

A.Hurrymakeswaste.B.Understandingeachotherisvital.

C.Sometimesfastisjusttoofast.D.Trustisthebridgeofcommunication.

【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过个人经历反思了智能手机和即时通讯带来的沟通问题，特别是在群

聊中容易引发误解和冲突，了解到自己的不当行为对他人造成的影响，进而决定改变自己在短信交流中的

方式，更加谨慎地对待信息分享和回应速度，以维护人际关系和促进有效的沟通。

24.推理判断题。根据第一段的"1starteda“questionoftheday^^sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabout

everythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswere

judgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.（我在一个家庭短信群里开

了一个，，每日问题，，版块。我们无所不谈，从电影到政治。但是，尽管我的亲人多次警告我，说我的一些回复

带有评判性，而且我太急「攻击别人的观点，我还是差点取消了那条群发短信。）”和第二段“IrealizedthatI

hadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.（我意识到我有问题了。我的问题的媒介是智能手

机。户可知，作者通过个人经历引入了本文的主题。故选C。

25.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反驳一个观点了）”和倒数第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歌，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。户可知，作者的问题是在群组讨论中，急于反驳他

人的观点，对于分享信息不谨慎等，故选B。

26.推理判断题。结合第三段的"ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhad

toldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch

—nottermsofkindword.（然后我犯了一个错误，分享了一个朋友在电话中告诉我的一些个人信息。我以为

每个人都知道。然后这个朋友开始说我是告密者——这可不是什么好话。）”可知，作者的一位朋友在群组中

攻击作者，是因为作者在群里说出了他和朋友之间私下交流的内容，故选A。

27.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反驳一个观点了）”和倒数第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢我发短信的速度。户可知.作者通过在•次家庭群聊中的经历意识到

自己的问题在于急于反驳他人的观点，因此作者从他的经历中学到的是有时候就是太快了，故选C。

C

Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsofyears.sUndingonthe

shouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobe

reinventedeach（imetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?

AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsroots

inearliestchildhood.44It'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoour

observation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesarcimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesacultural

transferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations5efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhuman

beings,“saysMarkusPaulus.

Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabies

cameintothelabforthefirst（imeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.

Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.The

long-termstudyshowed（hatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinceraciionswithhersix-month-oldchildand

themoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageofl8months.

Paulus'researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildren

successfullylearnvariousskills,suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage.uThisinteraction

isthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,vsaysPaulus.

“Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,

particularlyourcaregiversduringovrearliestchildhood,''saysPaulus.''Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherand

passonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinvented

again.M

28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?

A.Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels.B.Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.

C.Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.

29.WhatcanweleamaboutPaulus5research?

A.Children'simitationwasrecordedbymothers.

B.Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren'simitation.

C.Children'sabilitywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.

D.Eflectiveinteractionpromotedchildren'sdevelopment.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nucleus”meaninparagraph4?

A.Core.B.Result.C.Aim.D.Content.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeihcbesttitlefbrthetext?

A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter?B.HowtoInteractwithChildren?

C.Imitation:TheEngineofEvolutionD.CulturalLearning:TheRootofImitation

【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了模仿对于人际互动，学习和人类文明演进的重要性。

28.推理判断题。根据第一段“Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsof

years.standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheels

donothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredocsourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?（我

们通过几千年积累的知识来了解世界。站在伟人的肩膀上，我们不必经历无尽的尝试和错误，就像汽车的

轮子不必每次都重新发明一样。但是我们向别人学习的能力从何而来呢？户和第二段"It'sgenerallyassumed

thatchildren'sabilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausethey

themselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesacjlturaltransferofknowledge,which,through

generations5efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings（人们通常认为孩了•的模仿能力是天

生.的，但根据我们的观察，孩子模仿是因为他们自己被照顾者模仿。这种相互作用使知识的文化转移成为

可能，通过几代人的努力，知识的文化转移最终导致了人类的发展）“可推知，作者提到轮子的例子是为了强

调先前知识的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我们不必再重新进行研究和试验。故选D。

29.细节理解题。根据第三段"The'ong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractions

withhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreater（hechild'soverallabilitywasat

theageofl8months.（这项长期研究表明，母亲在与6个月大的孩子互动时越敏感，她模仿孩子的次数越多，

孩子在18个月大时的整体能力就越强户可知，Paulus的研究表明，妈妈越频繁地模仿孩子，孩子的发育水

平越好。因此可知，有效的互动促进了孩子们的发展。故选D。

30.词义猜测题。根据划线词bJ^4toflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman^nf^n,这

种相互作用最终导致了人类进化的成功，说明是学习的核心，故划线词意思是“核心故选A。

31.主旨大意题。根据最后,段'"'Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedinthe

imi:ationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,''saysPaulus."Throughthis,welearn

fromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobe

constantlyinventedagain.”(“文化学习是人类进化的重要组成部分，它植根于对他人的模仿，尤其是我们童年

早期的照顾者，”保卢斯说。“通过这种方式，我们相互学习，并将知识传授给下一代，因此某些动作或技术

不必不断地重新发明。结合文章主要讲述了模仿在人类进化中的重要性，强调了模仿对「人类进化的推

动作用。因此，最佳标题应该是“模仿：进化的引擎故选C。

D

Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeonscantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificialintelligence,enablingthemto

solvedifficulttasksthatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorizedthatpigeonsemploya

problem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartotheapproachusedinAImodels

butdiffersfromhumans'relianceonselectiveattentionandruleuse.Toexamineit,BrandonTurner,apsychology

professorattheOhioSlateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesconducted(henewstudy.

Inthestudy,(hepigeonswerepresentedwithvariousvisualimages,includinglinesofdifferentwidthsand

angles,anddifferenttypesofrings.Thepigeonshadtopeck(啄jabuttonontherightorlefttoindicatethe

categorytowhichtheimagebelonged.Iftheygotitcorrect,theyreceivedfood;iftheywerewrong,theyreceived

nothing.Resultsshowedthat,throughtrialanderror,thepigeonsimprovedtheiraccuracyincategorizationtasks,

increasingtheircorrectchoicesfromabout55%to95%.

Researchersbelievedpigeonsusedassociativelearning,whichislinkingtwophenomenawitheachother.For

example,itiseasytounderstandthelink.between“water"and“wet".“Associativelearningisfrequentlyassumed

tobefartooprimitiveto.explaincomplexvisualcategorizationlikewhatwesawthepigeonsdo,“Turnersaid.But

thafsexactlywhattheresearchersfound.

Theresearchers'AImodeltackledthesametasksusingjustthetwosimplemechanismsthatpigeonswere

assumedtouse:associativelearninganderrorcorrection.And,likethepigeons,theAImodellearnedtomakethe

rightpredictionstosignificantlyincreasethenumberofcorrectanswers.Forhumans,thechallengewhengiven

taskslikethosegiventopigeonsisthattheywouldtrytocomeupwithrulesthatcouldmakethetaskeasier.Butin

thiscase,therewerenorules,whichupsetshumans.

What'sinteresting,though,istliatpigeonsusethismethodoflearningthatisverysimilartoAIdesignedby

humans,Turnersaid."Wecelebratehowsmartwearcthatwedesignedartificialintelligence:atthesametime,we

regardpigeonsasnotcleveranimals/'hesaid.

32.Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?

A.Totestatheory.B.Toevaluateamodel.

C.lbemployastrategy.D.Toinvolveanapproach.

33.Whatwerethepigeonsexpectedtodointheexperiment?

A.Drawcircles.B.Correcterrors.C.Copygestures.D.Identifyimages.

34.WhatdopigeonsandAIhaveincommonaccordingtothestudy?

A.Theyareofequalintelligence.

B.Theyaregoodatmakingrules.

C.Theyrespondrapidlytoordersfromhumans.

D.Theyemploysimplewaystogetthingsdone.

35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitletorthetext?

A.PigeonsTtrial-and-errormethodisrevealed

B.Pigeonsoutperformhumansintoughtasks

C.”Notsmart^^pigeonsmaybeassmartasAI

D.AImodelsafterpigeons'learningapproach

【答案】32.A33.D34.D35.C

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，该研究揭示了鸽子在某些问题解决上的能力与人工智

能相似，并通过实验验证了这一观点。

32.细节理解题。根据第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeons(鸽子)cantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificial

intelligence,enablingthemtosolvedifficulttasks(hatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorized

thatpigeonsemployaproblem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartothe

approachusedinAImodelsbutdilTersfromhumans'relianceonselectiveatte