江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高一英语下学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷含解析

PAGE31-江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高一英语下学期学业质量阳光指标调研卷（含解析）留意事项：l.本试卷分为笫I卷（选择题）和笫II卷（非选择题），满分150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将笫Ⅰ卷的答案填涂在答题卡上，笫II卷请干脆在答题卡上规定的地方作答。答题前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、调研序列号等相关信息写在答题卡上规定的地方。第I卷选择题第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话每段对话后有—个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidthemanmakeamistake?A.Becauseofthewoman'sheight.B.Becauseofthewoman'sclothing.C.Becauseofthewoman'shair.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Callthepolice.B.Speaktoadogowner.C.Movetoanotherbedroom.3.Whodoesthemanthinkthebabylookslike?A.Hersister.B.Hermother.C.Hertwinbrother.4.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestionforthankingtheneighbour?A.Tocooksomethingforher.B.Tobuysomethingforher.C.Tofixsomethingforher.5.Whohelpedthesickoldlady?A.Herpet.B.Thebuildingowner.C.Herneighbour.其次节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各人小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两端。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Givingatip.B.Cleaningatable.C.Travelingabroad.7.Whereisthemanfrom?A.Japan.B.Canada.C.TheUS.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Designadiet.B.Exerciseoften.C.Takethemedicineweekly.9.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Adoctor.B,Abankclerk.C.Atrainer.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atateacher'soffice.B.Atatennisclub.C.Athome.11.Whatdidthewomanwanttospeakabout?A.FindingJaneaneasierlevel.B.MovingJanetoanotherclass.C.AskingJanetogiveupasport.12.HowwillJanefeelaboutthesuggestionaccordingtothewoman?A.Pleased.B.Upset.C.Stressed.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Tourguideandtourist.C.Houseownerandguest.14.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Britain.B.America.C.China.15.Whichplaceisfreetovisit?A.TheTowerofLondon.B.TheBritishMuseum.C.St.Paul'sCathedral.16.WhatdoesthewomanlikeaboutLondon?A.Thecleanair.B.Thetransport.C.Thelocalpeople.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereistheairplaneleavingfrom?A.SanFrancisco.B.London.C.HongKong.18.Whenwilltheflightbeintheair?A.At9:10a.m.B.At9:20a.m.C.At9:30a.m.19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskpeopletodoatthistime?A.Putontheirseatbelts.B.Turnoffthereadinglights.C.Leavetheirbagsonthetable.20.Whatshouldpeopledoiftheypushthebuttonbymistake?A.Justignoreit.B.Pushitonemoretime.C.Raisetheirhandtogethelp.其次部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrollsWorldTourThelong-awaitedfollow-up（续集）tothe2024hitTrollshascometoyourscreens!AnnaKendrickandJustinTimberlakecontinuetoplaytheirrolesinthemovie,whichhittheatersonApril10andwasmadeavailableonlinethesamedayfor$19.99.TheCalloftheWildThoughithittheatersinFebruary,thisbig-screenadaptation（改编）oftheJackLondonnovelisnowavailableathome.Whetheryou'reananimallover,aHarrisonFordfanorboth,thisisamust-watch,availablenowonAmazonPrimefor$5.99.BloodshotIfactioniswhatyou'reinto,looknofurther.Thesuper-herofilmisaboutVinDiesel'sRayGarrison,afighterwho'skilledinactionbutbroughtbacktolifebyanorganizationhopingtousehimasaweapon.Thefilmbecamedigitallyavailabletwoweeksafteritwasonshowinthetheatre.BuyonAmazonPrimeforSI9.99.ParasiteWhatfunitisifyou'regettingtoseethisfour-timeOscarwinner（includingoneforbestpicture）forthefirsttime,buttrustus,itonlygetsbetterwithseveralviewings.TheLighthouseItistruethatthefilmisnotforachicken,thewell-receivedblack-and-whitehorrorstarringRobertPattinsonandWillemDafoeisunlikeanythingyou'veseenbefore.1.Ifyouwanttowatchamoviereceivinggreatawards,whichmovieshouldyouchoose?A.TrollsWorldTour. B.TheCalloftheWild.C.Bloodshot. D.Parasite.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheinformationabove?A.TrollsWorldTouristhefirstmovieofTrollsseries.B.YoucanonlyenjoyTheCalloftheWildinthecinemaC.TheplotsinthemovieBloodshotcanberealindailylife.D.TheLighthousecangiveyousomethingdifferent.3.Whatkindofreadersmaythiscolumn（专栏）mostappealto?A.Youngdirectorsdesiringtoshootamovie.B.Peoplebeingfondofanimals.C.Peoplebeingcrazyaboutfilms.D.Kidsfancyingbecomingasuperhero.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五部不同类型的电影。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。由小标题Parasite下的“Whatfunitisifyou'regettingtoseethisfour-timeOscarwinner（includingoneforbestpicture）forthefirsttime”（假如你第一次看到这位四届奥斯卡奖得主，那该多好玩啊）可知，这部电影获得过四次奥斯卡奖。故选D项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。由小标题TheLighthouse下的“thewell-receivedblack-and-whitehorrorstarringRobertPattinsonandWillemDafoeisunlikeanythingyou'veseenbefore”（这部黑白恐怖片大受欢迎，由罗伯特·帕丁森和威廉·达福主演，不同于你以前看过的任何一部电影）可知，这部电影不同于之前看过的任何电影。D选项“TheLighthouse可以给你一些不同的东西”表述正确，故选D项。【3题详解】推理推断题。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同类型的电影，所以主要针对的是喜爱看电影的人。这个专栏最吸引痴迷于电影的人，故选C项。【点睛】BChineseresearchershavedevelopedarobotdesignedtohelpdoctorstreatthenewcoronavirusandotherhighlycontagious(传染的)diseases.Themachinehasalongroboticarmattachedtoabasewithwheels.Itcanperformsomeofthesamemedicalexaminationtasksasdoctors.Forexample,thedevicecanlistentosoundsmadebypatients'heartsandlungs.Camerasrecordtherobot'sactivities,whicharecontrolledatadistancesodoctorscanavoidcominginclosecontactwithinfectedpatients.Doctorsandothermedicalworkerscanrunthemachinefromanearbyroom,orfrommuchfartheraway.Therobot'smaindesignerisZhengGangtie,anengineerandprofessoratChina'sTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing.HetoldReutersnewsagencythathegottheideaforthemachinewhenthenumberofcasesoftheCOVID-19viruswasrisingquicklyinthecityofWuhan.OneofZheng'sfriends,headofBering'sTsinghuaChanggungHospital,toldhimthatoneofthebiggestproblemsindealingwithCOVID-19wasthathealthcareworkerstreatingpatientsweregettingthemselvesinfected.Zhengsaidhewantedtodosomethingtohelpthissituation.Sotheengineergatheredateamandwenttoworkontherobot.Zhengsaidtheteamwasabletochangetworoboticarms.Thenewrobotisalmostcompletelyautomated(自动化的),Zhengsaid.Itcanevendisinfectitselfafterperformingactionsinvolvingpatientcontact."Doctorsareallverybrave,"ZhengtoldReuters."Butthisvirusisjusttoocontagious…Wecanuserobotstoperformthemostdangeroustasks."However,Zhengsaidhehadheardfromsomedoctorsthatitwouldbebetternottobuildsuchrobots.Thisisbecausemanypatientsstilldesireapersonalpresencetohelpcalmthemduringtreatment.TheteamnowhastworobotsandbothhavebeentestedbydoctorsathospitalsinBeijing.OnemachinewasoncetakentoWuhan'sUnionHospital,wheredoctorsthereweretrainedtouseit.Zhengwouldliketobuildmoreoftherobots,butmoneyfromtheuniversityhasrunout,eachrobotcostsabout$72,000tomake.Hedoesnotplantocommercializethedesign,buthopesthatacompanycanbeginthatprocess.4.WhatareParagraph4and5mainlyabout?A.Whentherobotwasdesigned. B.Howtherobotiscontrolled.C.Whotherobotisintendedfor. D.Whytherobotwasinvented.5.Theunderlinedword"disinfect"inParagraph6mostprobablymeans_____.A.clean B.destroy C.decorate D.break6.WhatdifficultyisZhangGangtiefacedwith?A.Patientsrefusingtousethenewrobot.B.Healthcareworkersgettingthemselvesinfected.C.Beingshortofmoneytoproducemoreoftherobots.D.Havingnoteammatestocommercializethedesign.7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.DoctorsareFightingagainstCoronavirusB.CoronavirusisUnderControlinChinaC.ChineseRobotisInventedtoReplaceDoctorstoCureDiseasesD.ChineseRobotisDesignedtoHelpDoctorsFightCoronavirus【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京清华高校教授郑钢铁和他的团队研发了一款机器人，用来帮助医生治疗新型冠状病毒和其他高度传染性疾病。【4题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段关键句“HetoldReutersnewsagencythathegottheideaforthemachinewhenthenumberofcasesoftheCOVID-19viruswasrisingquicklyinthecityofWuhan.”可知，当武汉新型冠状病毒病例数快速上升的时候，郑钢铁有了独创这个机器人的想法。再依据第五段关键句“Zhengsaidhewantedtodosomethingtohelpthissituation”可知，他独创机器人的目的是为了避开治疗病人的医护人员被感染。由此可以推断出，文章第四段和第五段主要讲的是为什么要独创这款机器人。故选D项。【5题详解】词义揣测题。A．clean使……干净；B．destroy毁灭；C．decorate装饰；D．break损坏。依据上文Thenewrobotisalmostcompletelyautomated可知这种新机器人几乎是完全自动化的以及划线词所在的句子“Itcanevendisinfectitselfafterperformingactionsinvolvingpatientcontact.”可知，它甚至能_____它自己在执行与患者接触的动作后。机器人独创的目的是避开医生被病人感染，可以推断出，机器人所具有的优势就是不会被感染，也就是说在与病人亲密接触后，它能够自我清洁，使自己变干净，免受感染。"disinfect"意思是清洁，故选A项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段关键句“Zhengwouldliketobuildmoreoftherobots,butmoneyfromtheuniversityhasrunout,eachrobotcostsabout$72,000tomake.”可知，郑钢铁想要建立更多的机器人，但是高校的钱已经用完了。由此可推断出他面临的困难是缺乏生产更多机器人的资金。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，文章主要讲的是郑钢铁和他的团队研发了一款机器人，用来帮助医生治疗新型冠状病毒和其他高度传染性疾病，但并不能取代医生的位置。依据文章倒数其次段关键句“OnemachinewasoncetakentoWuhan'sUnionHospital,wheredoctorsthereweretrainedtouseit.”可知，武汉协和医院的医生已经接受过运用机器人的培训了，也可以证明机器人的独创是用来帮助医生抗击冠状病毒的。故选D项。CIshikawaYumihadtoworkeighthourseverydayandheremployerinsistedthatsheshouldbeinheels（高跟鞋）atwork."Whydowehavetohurtourfeetatwork,whenmencanwearflatshoes?"shecomplainedonTwitter.Thetweetexploded.Encouraged,shegathered18,800signaturesonarequestcallingforabanonemployersrequiringwomentowearhighheels,whichshehandedintothegovernmentlastJune.MsIshikawabecamethefaceoftheKuToocampaign.Morethan60%ofJapanesewomenwithjobshavebeenforcedtoputtheirfeetintoheelsatworkorhavewitnessedwomenpartnershavingto,accordingtoasurvey.Femaleworkersatadepartmentstore,mustwalkaroundtheshopin5cmheels.Theformerdefenceminister,InadaTomomi,hadtostruggleaboutinheelsevenonthedeckofavisitingAmericanaircraftcarrier.DresscodesatmanyJapanesefirmsarestrict.Somebanglassesforwomen（butnotmen）,becausetheyareunattractive.Thisisespeciallyunreasonableforthosewhofindcontactlenses（隐形眼镜）uncomfortable.Womenhavealwaysbeentoldtofollowthedresscode,evenifitcausespain,"saysMsIshikawa.Japanesebosses,whotendtobeoldermen,oftenexpecttheirfemaleworkerstotolerateit.Thegovernmentmadenoquickreply.Aformerlabourminister,whoreceivedMsIshikawa'srequestlastyear,insiststhatwearinghighheelsatworkis"necessaryandappropriate".Therequestitselfhasreceivednoofficialreplysofar.Japanisthesecondlowestoutofthe29richcountriesinequalityforwomenintheworkplace.ButJapanesecompaniesareslowlytakingmeasurestoimprovethesituation.InlateMarchJapanAirlinesannouncedthatitsfemaleflightattendantscankickofftheirheelsandreplaceskirtswithtrousersiftheychoose.AUthreebigmobile-phoneoperatorshaverelaxedtheirrulesonheels.MsIshikawaisworkingtogetherwithashoecompanytoproducebeautifulheel-lessshoes."Societyischanging,”saysMsIshikawa.“Wecan'tbeignored."Pointlessrulesaboutfootwearmaysoonbegone.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Japanesewomenrarelygettheirfeethurtatwork.B.MsIshikawa'stweetgainedmuchattentionfromthepublic.C.MsIshikawaisappealingtothepublictopunishemployers.D.FewJapanesewomenareforcedtowearhighheelsatwork.9.WhydoestheauthormentiontheformerlabourministerinParagraph5?A.ToshowfemalesaretreatedequallyinJapanintheworkplace.B.Toshowthegovernmenthasconsideredchangingthesituation.C.ToshowthefightoffemalesinJapanhasalongwaytogo.D.Toshowthegovernmenthasdifficultyinchangingthesituation.10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMsIshikawa?A.Curiousanddevoted. B.Helpfulandgifted.C.Energeticandhumorous. D.Braveanddetermined.11.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto.A.callonpeopletobreakdresscodesB.introduceacampaignagainstdresscodesC.showthedisadvantagesofdresscodesD.explaintheimportanceofdresscodes【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章以一场反对女性上班穿高跟鞋的运动绽开，介绍了女性都被告知要遵守着装规定，给女性带来了许多的苦痛，以及这种状况正在被改善。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段“"Whydowehavetohurtourfeetatwork,whenmencanwearflatshoes?"shecomplainedonTwitter.Thetweetexploded.”她在推特上埋怨道“男人可以穿平底鞋，为什么我们还要在工作时弄伤脚呢？”这篇推特火了。可知IshikawaYumi的推文引起了公众的广泛关注。所以B选项正确；依据文章内容可知，穿高跟鞋工作简单弄伤脚，所以A选项日本女性很少在工作中受伤是错误的；IshikawaYumi只是呼吁禁止雇主要求女性穿高跟鞋，而不是呼吁公众惩处雇主，所以C选项是错误的；依据第三段第一句可知超过60%的日本在职女性曾被迫穿高跟鞋上班，所以D选项很少有日本女性被迫穿高跟鞋上班是错误的。故选B项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段内容可知，前劳工部长去年就收到了石川女士的恳求，他坚称穿高跟鞋上班是“必要和适当的”，但并没有正式的回复石川女士，且依据后文“Japanisthesecondlowestoutofthe29richcountriesinequalityforwomenintheworkplace.”在29个发达国家中，日本是女性工作场所同等程度倒数其次低的国家，可以推断，第五段提到前劳工部长是为了说明日本女性的斗争还有很长的路要走。故选C项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段Encouraged,shegathered18,800signaturesonarequestcallingforabanonemployersrequiringwomentowearhighheels,whichshehandedintothegovernmentlastJune.内容可知，MsIshikawa很英勇去向社会，向政府提出禁止雇主要求女性穿高跟鞋的呼吁。最终一段Societyischanging,”saysMsIshikawa.“Wecan'tbeignored."她说社会正在变更，我们不能被忽视。从这我们可以知道她不会放弃接着提出恳求，由此可知，她是特别有决心的。由此推断出MsIshikawa是英勇的和有决心的。故选D项。【11题详解】推理推断题。这篇文章通过一个个例IshikawaYumi不喜爱穿高跟鞋，从而掀起了一场反对女性上班穿高跟鞋的运动，进一步绽开说明白女性都被告知要遵守着装规定，给女性带来了许多的苦痛。可知，写这篇文章主要是展示着装规范的缺点。故选C项。【点睛】细微环节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能依据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数状况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者须要依据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特殊留意文章的时间依次、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如第一小题，依据文章第一段“"Whydowehavetohurtourfeetatwork,whenmencanwearflatshoes?"shecomplainedonTwitter.Thetweetexploded.”她在推特上埋怨道“男人可以穿平底鞋，为什么我们还要在工作时弄伤脚呢？”这篇推特火了。可知IshikawaYumi的推文引起了公众的广泛关注。所以B选项正确DEvenfromthebasement,theycouldhearthebombs.Thebasementwasfilledwiththesoundofcryingchildren.Itwascrowdedwithpeople.Forcomfort,toshutouttheloudnoiseofthebasement,Lieselopenedoneofherbooksandbegantoread.ThebookontopofthepilewasTheWhistlerandshespokeitaloudtohelpherconcentrate.Shecouldhardlyheartheopeningparagraphherself"Whatdidyousay?"Mamashouted,butLieselignoredher.Sheremainedfocusedonthefirstpage.Whensheturnedtopagetwo,itwasRudywhonoticed.HepaiddirectattentiontowhatLieselwasreading,andhetappedhisbrotherandhissisters,tellingthemtodothesame.Aquietnessstartedspreadingthroughthecrowdedbasement.Bypagethree,everyonewassilentbutLiesel.Shedidn'tdaretolookup,butshecouldfeeltheirfrightenedeyesfollowingherasshereadthewords.Everyonelistened.Onlythesoundoftheturningpagecouldbeheard.Lieselreadon.Foratleast20minutes,shehandedoutthestory.Theyoungestkidswerecomfortedbyhervoice,andeveryoneelsesawvisionsofthewhistlerrunningfromthecrimescene.Lieseldidnot.Shewasonlyreadingthetextwordbyword.Everyonewaitedforthegroundtoshake.Thatwasstillanunchangeablefact,butatleasttheyweredistracted（分心）'）now,bythegirlwiththebook.Oneoftheyoungerboysseemedtocryagain,butLieselstoppedatthatmomentandcopiedherpapatodealwiththesituation.Shesmiledathimandcontinued.Onlywhenthesirens（空袭解除警报）cameintothebasementagaindidsomeoneinterrupther."We'resafe,”saidMr.Jenson."Shhh!"saidFrauHoltzapfel.Liesellookedup."Thereareonlytwoparagraphstilltheendofthechapter,"shesaid,andshecontinuedreading.Justthewords.Outofrespect,theadultskepteveryonequiet,andLieselfinishedchapteroneofTheWhistler.Ontheirwayupthestairs,thechildrenrushedbyher,butmanyoftheolderpeoplethankedthegirl.TheydidsoastheymadetheirwaypastandhurriedfromthehousetoseeifHimmelStreethadsufferedanydamage.HimmelStreetwasuntouched.12.WhydidLieselreadthebook?A.TocreateawarmatmosphereinthebasementB.Toshutoutthesoundofthebombs.C.Toblockoutthenoiseinthebasement.D.Tomakeuseofeveryminutetoread.13.Rudytappedhisbrotherandsistersinorderto______.AaskthemtolistentoLiesel B.givesomecomforttoLieselC.signalthemtoignoreLiesel D.readthetextinsteadofLiesel14.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Lieseldidnot."mean?A.Lieseldidnotmanagetocomfortherselflikeothers.B.Lieseldidnotlikethestoryofthebookatall.C.Lieseldidnotpayattentiontotheplotbutthewordsinstead.D.Lieseldidnotseethewhistlerbecauseshewastooconcentrated.15.ManyoftheolderpeoplethankedLieselbecause______.A.shesavedtheirlivesduringthebombattackB.shefinishedreadingthewholestoryC.shedistractedkids'attentionandcomfortedthemD.sheprotectedtheirhomesfromanydamage【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了在地下室避难时，Liesel用读书声，劝慰大家的心情的故事。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Forcomfort,toshutouttheloudnoiseofthebasement,Lieselopenedoneofherbooksandbegantoread.”可知，Liesel为了拦住地下室的嘈杂声，她打开了一本书并读了起来，所以Liesel读书是为了屏蔽地下室的噪音。故选C项。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段第四句“HepaiddirectattentiontowhatLieselwasreading,andhetappedhisbrotherandsisters,tellingthemtodothesame.”可知，Rudy干脆留意到Liesel在读什么，他轻拍他的兄弟姐妹，让他们也这样做。所以A项“Rudy是为了让他的兄弟姐妹们听Liesel读书”正确。故选A项。【14题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线句子前“everyoneelsesawvisionsofthewhistlerrunningfromthecrimescene”及后面一句话“Shewasonlyreadingthetextwordbyword.”可知，Liesel并没有像其他人那样想象吹哨人从犯罪现场逃走的画面，她只是在逐字逐句的读课文，所以C项“Liesel并不留意情节，而是留意文字”正确。故选C项。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第六段中“Theyoungestkidswerecomfortedbyhervoice”及第七段中“atleasttheyweredistracted（分心）now,bythegirlwiththebook”可知，Liesel的读书声给了孩子们劝慰，并分散了他们的留意力；再结合最终一段可知，在上楼梯时，孩子们从她身边跑过，而老人都一边向她道谢，一边看街道是否受到破坏。这说明由于Liesel的读书声，炸弹声并没有给孩子们造成负面影响，所以C项“她分散了孩子们的留意力，并劝慰了他们”正确。故选C项。【点睛】其次节依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Expertssayshoppingwiselyisveryimportantandithelpstheworldfunctionnormally.Toiletpaper,protectivemasksandsomanyotheritemshavesuddenlybecomehotgoodsasmostpeoplestayathomeduringthecoronaviruspandemic（大流行）.Thishasleftmanypeopleshoppinginlargeamountsastheyattempttobepreparedformonths—justincase._____16_____You'vealsolikelyseenthepicturesofpeople'sgaragesfilledwithsupplies,soifyoufindit,you'regoingtofollowsuit.Afterall,ifyoudon't,someoneelsewill,you'llbeleftwithnothingandthenwhatwillhappen?So,you'repanicking,andthat'sfoolingyouinto"panicbuying."___17___AccordingtoJudBrewer,aprofessoratBrownUniversity,"Fearplusuncertaintyleadstoanxietybecauseourbrainsneedtheinformationtoplanforthefuture.Intheabsenceofinformation,thatuncertaintydrivesanxiety."Anxietyisthatsmallfirewhichsuddenlybecomesabonfireandspreads.Thenitwasworsenedbysocialcontagion（传播）,turningintopanic.___18___Whatyougetfromthemsetsyouwondering:Whatwillhappentomeifthere'snothingleft?Whilethatisagoodquestion,thelargerquestionis:Whatwillhappentoeveryoneifnothingisleft?___19___Whatisthesolution?Whileitmightnotseemlikeabigdealsinceyou'rejustoneperson,you'readdingtoalargerproblemandcausingseriousharminwaysyoudon'trealize."Panicbuyingisanactofselfishmadness,"saysPaulHong.Asanoldsayinggoes,"Ifyouwanttogofast,goalone.Ifyouwanttogofar,gotogether."___20___Weshouldsurvivetogether.Sokeepcalmandcarryonwithoutbuyingeverythinginsight.A.Socialmediacanfurtheraddtothispanic.B.Whatcausespanicbuying?C.Anxietyresultsfrompanicbuying.D.You'veseentheemptyshelvesatthestoresacrossthecountry.E.Well,nothinggood,andyourindividualactionsareacontributingfactor.F.Intimesofcrisis,weaimtogofortogether,notfastalone.G.You'veprobablypurchasedeverythingyouneed.【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.E20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“恐慌购物”的现象以及造成这种现象的缘由，社交媒体等缘由会造成这种现象的恶化。同时，文章还介绍到这种行为是特别自私的，尤其是在疫情期间，“恐慌购物”可能会造成更严峻的后果。【16题详解】考查上下文逻辑关系。D选项中的You’veseen…和空格后的You’vealsolikelyseenthepicture形成照应，你会望见全国超市货架上都空空如也，也可能望见人们在车库里堆满供应品的景象。此处形成了两种状况的对比。D.You'veseentheemptyshelvesatthestoresacrossthecountry.（你确定见过全国范围内空空如也的货架。）符合文章内容。故选D。【17题详解】考查上下文连接。依据下一段教授在说明panic是如何被引起的可知，这里是通过设问引出下文。由于缺少将来支配的信息，恐惊和不确定性让人们焦虑，这种焦虑因为社会传播而加重，最终成为panic。B.Whatcausespanicbuying?（所以什么造成了“恐慌购物”呢？）符合文章内容。故选B。【18题详解】考查段首句。第五段最终一句提到“Thenitwasworsenedbysocialcontagion”这种状况被社交媒体恶化了，该空后提到“Whatyougetfromthemsetsyouwondering”你从这些地方知道的信息会让你忍不住多想，这里them是指社交媒体，也照应前文说社交传播加剧人们的焦虑，A.Socialmediacanfurtheraddtothispanic.（社交媒体会加剧这种恐慌。）符合段落前后文大意，故选A。【19题详解】考查上下文逻辑关系。该段提出了几个问句，且选项里没有可以与之并列的问句，可以得出这里是要回答前一个问句，而问句是“假如什么东西都不剩了，每个人身上会发生什么？”，可知回答应当是不会发生什么好事，即对应选项中的nothinggood，而后文中提到“Whatisthesolution?”解决的方法是什么，最终一段提到“Whileitmightnotseemlikeabigdealsinceyou'rejustoneperson,you'readdingtoalargerproblemandcausingseriousharminwaysyoudon'trealize.,”假如只是你一个人这么做的话是没有什么太大的问题，但假如以一种不自知的状况做这种事就会带来很坏的影响。由此推断“个人行为是一个影响因素”。E.Well,nothinggood,andyourindividualactionsareacontributingfactor.（不回发生什么好事，而且个人的行为也是一个影响因素。）符合文章内容，故选E。【20题详解】考查上下文逻辑关系。该空前一句提到“Asanoldsayinggoes,"Ifyouwanttogofast,goalone.Ifyouwanttogofar,gotogether."”“假如想走的快，就一个人走；假如想走的远，就和别人一起走”，且该空后一句提到“Weshouldsurvivetogether”我们应当一起经验。F.Intimesofcrisis,weaimtogofortogether,notfastalone.（在危机时期，我们的目标是一起走而不是一个人走的很快）F项对应前一句所说“假如你想走得快，就一个人走；假如你想走得远，就一起走”，符合文章内容，故选F。第三部分语言运用阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DearReader,IreceivesomanylettersfromchildrenthatIcan'tanswerthemall.ThatiswhyIamsendingyouthisprintedreply.I'lltrytoanswersomeofthe___21___askedquestions.WheredidIgetthe_____22_____forCHARLOTTE'SWEB?Well,onedaywhenIwas____23____mywaytofeedthepig,Ibeganfeeling____24____foritbecausemostpigsweredoomed(注定)todie.Thismademesad,soIstartedthinkingofwaysto____25____apig'slife.Ihadbeenwatchingaspideratherworkandwas___26___byhowclevershewasatweaving.GraduallyI____27____thespiderintothestorythatyouknow.Threeyears___28___Istartedwritingit,itwaspublished.SometimesI'maskedhowoldIwaswhenIstartedwriting,andwhatmademewrite.Istarted___29___—assoonasIcouldspell.Infeet,Ican't____30____anytimeinmylifewhenIwasn'tbusywriting.Idon'tknowwhy,butIthinkchildrenoftenfindpleasureintryingto____31____theirthoughtsonpaper,eitherin____32____orinpictures.Aremystoriestrue,youask?No,theyareimaginarytales,_____33_____fantasticcharactersandevents.Inreallife,aspiderdoesn'tspin(吐丝)wordsinherweb.____34____,1thinkthereissome____35____inmystories—truthaboutthewaypeopleandanimalsfeelandthinkandact.Thankyouallforyourwonderfulletters.Yourssincerely,E.B.White21.A.particularly B.commonly C.hardly D.rarely22.A.idea B.opinion C.belief D.event23.A.in B.under C.on D.by24.A.sorry B.grateful C.anxious D.happy25.A.keep B.help C.desert D.save26.A.impressed B.upset C.delightful D.excited27.A.invited B.worked C.persuaded D.found28.A.when B.while C.before D.after29.A.early B.late C.recently D.immediately30.A.imagine B.remember C.suppose D.think31.A.letdown B.turndown C.laydown D.setdown32.A.letters B.lines C.words D.speeches33.A.containing B.owning C.holding D.keeping34.A.Ifso B.Evenso C.Asaresult D.Onthecontrary35.A.wisdom B.truth C.experience D.lesson【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要通过《夏洛特的网》的作者E.B.White给读者的一封回信来讲解并描述他的写作经验，写作灵感和他的作品特色。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我试着回答一些常见的问题。A．particularly特殊，尤其；B．commonly通常，常常；C．hardly几乎不；D．rarely罕见，很少。依据前文Ican'tanswerthemall.可知，没法回答全部的问题，可推断出是寄了这封打印的回信，来回答一些最常见的问题。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从哪里获得《夏洛特的网》的想法的？A．idea想法；B．opinion看法；C．belief信念；D．event大事。依据后文可知，作者在讲解并描述是什么样的经验让他有写这本书的想法的。故选A项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一天，我在去喂猪的路上，我起先为它感到难受，因为大多数猪是注定要死的。A．in在……里面；B．under在……下面；C．on在……上面；D．by在……旁边。文中描述的是在作者去喂猪的路上，onone’swayto…意为“往……去的路上”，为固定短语。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我在去喂猪的路上，我起先为它感到难受，因为大多数猪是注定要死的。A．sorry难受的；B．grateful感谢的；C．anxious焦虑的；D．happy兴奋的。依据空格后句作者说大多数猪是注定要死的，可推断出作者确定是为猪感到难受。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我很难受，所以我起先想方法救一头猪的命。A．keep保持；B．help帮助；C．desert抛弃；D．save挽救。依据前文说猪注定会死的事情让我很难受，可推断出这里作者确定是想方法救猪的命。saveone’slife意为“挽救某人的生命”，为固定搭配。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我之前始终在视察蜘蛛的工作，她聪慧的织网的行为给我留下了深刻的印象。A．impressed印象深刻的；B．upset懊丧的；C．delightful令人开心的；D．excited激烈的。依据空格后句howclevershewasatweaving可知我认为蜘蛛织网的行为特别聪慧，可推断出这一行为确定是令我印象深刻的。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，我把蜘蛛写进了你们所熟知的故事里。A．invited邀请；B．worked使成形；C．persuaded劝告；D．found发觉。依据后文可知，蜘蛛也是这本书的角色之一，所以应当是把蜘蛛写进故事里。work…in/into…，表示把……写进/纳入……里，常指被写进/纳入演讲、作品、活动等，为固定短语。故选B项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我起先写这本书三年后，它就出版了。A．when当……时；B．while在……期间；C．before在……之前；D．after在……之后。依据常识推断，应当是在我起先写这本书三年后，它出版了。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很早就起先写作了，我一会拼法就起先写作了。A．early早地；B．late晚地；C．recently最近地；D．immediately马上地。依据空格后assoonasIcouldspell可知，我一会拼法就起先写作了，可推断出我很早就起先写作了。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得在我的生命中有任何时候不忙于写作。A．imagine想象；B．remember记得；C．suppose假设；D．think认为。依据后文可知作者认为孩子会通过在纸上写出他们的想法获得欢乐，可以推断出作者是喜爱写作的，所以不记得在生命中有任何时候不忙于写作。这里双重否定表确定，说明作者时时刻刻都在写作。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我认为孩子们常常会从尝试把他们的想法写在纸上的过程中找到欢乐，以文字或图片的形式。A．letdown使懊丧；B．turndown拒绝；C．laydown放下；D．setdown写下，登记。依据前文描述的我始终喜爱写作可知，这里应当是把想法写在纸上。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为孩子们常常会从尝试把他们的想法写在纸上的过程中找到欢乐，以文字或图片的形式。A．letters信；B．lines排；C．words字，词；D．speeches演讲。空格处所填词汇与inpictures形成比照，或者以图片的形式，或者以文字的形式。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不，它们是虚构的故事，包含了奇异的人物和事务。A．containing包含；B．owning拥有；C．holding抓住；D．keeping保持。依据fantasticcharactersandevents.知，奇异的人物和事务都是故事包含的内容，故用containing,own的主语一般是人，表示人拥有某物，故不要误选。故选A项。【34题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：即便如此，我觉得我的故事里还是有一些事实的—关于人和动物的感受、思索和行为方式的事实。A．Ifso假如这样；B．Evenso即便如此；C．Asaresult因此；D．Onthecontrary相反地。前面说故事内容是虚构的，后面说故事中包含事实，所以前后句为转折关系，故用Evenso，即便如此。故选B项。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，我觉得我的故事里还是有一些事实的—关于人和动物的感受、思索和行为方式的事实。A．wisdom才智；B．truth事实；C．experience阅历；D．lesson课。依据空格后复现的词汇truthabout…可知，空格处应当是故事里包含的事实。故选B项。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是上下文推理法。“上下文推理法”是指依据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理推断，因此需重点留意挖空处的上下文语境，推断清晰所要表达的含义。例如，第4小题要求推断作者对猪有什么感情？首先阅读上下文，依据空格后句作者说大多数猪是注定要死的，可推断出作者确定是为猪感到难受。故选A项。第II卷非选择题第四部分语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。Whatarethebestwaystostudyathome?Herearesomeofthebestideasfor____36____(health)studyhabits:1.CreateanareaforstudyingWhereyoustudyisimportant.Itshouldbequiet,withgoodlighttoreadby.Youwantenoughroomtospreadoutyourbooksandnotes.Atableordeskworks____37____(good).Becomfortablebutnottoocomfortable.Donotstudyonyourbed,forexample.Youmightfallasleep!2.CutoutthenoiseSomepeoplestudy,better____38____silence.Othersl