信息必刷卷 05(北京专用)(解析版)

答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05北京专用北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）.回顾2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇记叙文，考查点：动词词义辨析（4个），动词短语（1个），形容词（3个），副词（1个），名词（1个）。语法填空A篇是一篇记叙文，考查点：介词，不定式，动词时态各一题；B篇是说明文，考查点:非谓语，宾语从句，主谓一致各一题；C篇是记叙文，考查点：反身代词，定语从句，形容词比较级，动词时态各一题。阅读理解A篇应用文，考查点：细节理解题（3题）；B篇记叙文，考查点：细节理解题（3题），推理判断题（1题）；C篇说明文，推理判断题（2题），细节理解题（1题）；D篇，议论文，（推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题各一。）阅读表达是一篇说明文，写作是一篇应用文-建议信。本套试卷完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述约翰·欧恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。短文填空（A篇是一篇说明文。介绍了黑洞的性质，形成，名字的由来；B篇一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。C篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是积极压力的重要性）。阅读理解（A篇是应用文。介绍了一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助游客考虑旅行时应采取的措施，以降低健康风险；B篇是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事；C篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理；D篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的软件，这款名为FIT的软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害）。七选五是说明文。文章建议四个感恩练习来享受感恩的好处。阅读表达是一篇记叙文。书面表达是应用文。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JohnOenswasanenthusiastichunterandenjoyedbeinginthewoods.OnceintotheWisconsinwildernessinNovember,histeamencounteredsomethingunbelievablewhenhecheckedthe___1___.Insteadofacoyote,hesawahugetimberwolf,whichisontheendangeredspecieslist,tryingtogetfree.Johnrealizedhecouldn’t___2___thiswolf,sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.However,hehadtoputhis___3___onthelinetofreethecreature.Hisheartwaspoundingwhileheprepared.Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夹板).___4___,theycouldfigureitoutwithoutthegun.Alittletimehadpassedsincetheyfoundthewolf,butitseemedlikeaneternity(永恒)toJohn.Whenhisdadreturned,Johnputtheplaninmotion.He___5___theplywood,usingitashisshield(盾牌).Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.Theywerepreparedbut___6___!John___7___closerandcloserallthewhile.Hisdadwasareassuringsightforhim.Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,___8___thatnowwaswhentheactionstarted.Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.Ittookonemomentforittospinandflyaway.Thethreemenwerehappybecausethewolfwasfree,andJohnwasstillsafe.Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?Anyhow,Johnmadethebest_____10_____!1．A．traps B．plans C．routes D．numbers2．A．free B．help C．miss D．abandon3．A．hands B．life C．mind D．hope4．A．Hopefully B．Excitedly C．Finally D．Causally5．A．tookover B．setdown C．pickedup D．gaveaway6．A．determined B．interested C．scared D．disappointed7．A．checked B．inched C．rushed D．rolled8．A．signaling B．guessing C．remembering D．deciding9．A．develop B．unfold C．end D．record10．A．challenge B．preparation C．choice D．discovery【答案】1．A

2．D

3．B

4．A

5．C

6．C

7．B

8．D

9．B

10．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述约翰·欧恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年11月，他的团队进入威斯康星州的荒野，在检查陷阱时遇到了难以置信的事情。A.traps陷阱；B.plans计划；C.routes路线；D.numbers数字。根据文章倒数第二段“Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.”可知，约翰·欧恩斯和他的团队检查陷阱时发现了大灰狼。故选A。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰意识到他不能抛弃这只狼，因为它可能会冻死。A.free释放；B.help帮助；C.miss错过；D.abandon抛弃。根据“sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.”可知，为了不让狼冻死，所以约翰决定不抛弃这只狼。故选D。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不得不冒着生命危险去解救它。A.hands手；B.life生命；C.mind想法；D.hope希望。putone’slifeontheline冒着生命危险。根据第四段“Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.”可知，约翰冒着生命危险去解救掉到陷阱里的狼。故选B。4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望他们不用枪也能把它救出来。A.Hopefully怀着希望地；B.Excitedly激动地；C.Finally最终；D.Causally有原因地。根据“Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夹板).”可知，他们希望不用枪也能把狼救出来。故选A。5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他捡起夹板，把它当作盾牌。A.tookover接受；B.setdown写下；C.pickedup捡起；D.gaveaway赠送。根据“Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夹板).”和“usingitashisshield(盾牌).”可知，约翰捡起夹板当作盾牌，以防狼的攻击。故选C。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们准备好了，但是很害怕!A.determined坚定的；B.interested有趣的；C.scared害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。根据“Theywereprepared”和转折词but可知，虽然准备好了，但仍然很害怕。故选C。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，约翰慢慢地越靠越近。A.checked检查；B.inched慢慢移动；C.rushed猛冲；D.rolled滚动。根据“closerandcloserallthewhile”可知，约翰慢慢移动去靠近狼。故选B。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰看着他的朋友寻求精神上的支持，决定现在是行动开始的时候了。A.signaling表示；B.guessing猜；C.remembering记得；D.deciding决定。根据“Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,”可知，有了朋友的支持，约翰决定开始营救狼了。故选D。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们随后观看视频时，他们注意到这只狼看了约翰一会儿，然后跑回了树林。A.develop发展；B.unfold打开；C.end结束；D.record记录。根据第四段“Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.”可知，因为朋友全程录制了视频，所以营救过狼之后他们打开所录制的视频。故选B。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，约翰做了最好的选择!

A.challenge挑战；B.preparation准备；C.choice选择；D.discovery发现。根据“Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?”可知，约翰成功地营救出狼，做出了最好的选择。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ablackholeisaspotinspacethathas____11____(power)gravity.Itsgravityissostrongthatitpullseverythingnearbyintoit,stars,planetsandotherthings.Blackholesformwhenastardies.Whenthathappens,ahugeamountofmattercrowdsintoaverysmallspace,which____12____(become)verydense.Blackholes____13____(talk)aboutin1783first.Thatyear,onescientistsaidthatintheuniverse,theremightbeplaceswithstronggravitytotraplight,althoughhedidn’tusetheterm“blackhole”.【答案】11．powerful

12．becomes

13．weretalked【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了黑洞的性质，形成，名字的由来。11．考查形容词。句意：黑洞是空间中具有强大引力的点。空后为名词，所以空处应为形容词作定语修饰名词。故填powerful。12．考查时态。句意：当这种情况发生时，大量的物质挤进一个非常小的空间，这个空间变得非常致密。分析句子成分可知，照应本句其他谓语动词的时态，所以become也应一般现在时；而且在which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“asmallspace”，为单数，所以定语从句的谓语动词也应单数。故填becomes。13．考查时态语态。句意：黑洞最早在1783年被讨论。本句时间状语为1783，所以谓语动词应用一般过去时。且主语为“blackholes”，所以谓语应用复数，且应用被动。所以谓语动词应用一般过去时的被动语态，且复数。故填weretalked。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorningasnorthernChina

____14____(hit)bythelargestsandstormofthedecade.Airpollutionreadingsrosetotheupperlimitof500at8a.m.,accordingtodatafromthecity'senvironmentalmonitorycenter,asvisibilitywasreducedto____15____(little)than1,000metersinpartsofthecity.Thecity'sweatherbureauadvisedresidentstostayindoorsasmuchaspossible,whileexpertsareworkingtofindout____16____thesandstormcameintobeing.【答案】14．washit/hadbeenhit/wasbeinghit

15．less

16．how/why【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。14．考查时态和语态。句意：周日早上，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，中国北方遭遇了（正在遭遇）十年来最大的沙尘暴。此处缺乏谓语，动词hit意为“袭击”，和主语northernChina构成被动关系，主语是单数，谓语也用单数形式。根据“BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorning”可知，此处是讲过去的事，可以用一般过去时的被动语态；也可以表示中国北方先遭遇了沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，即“过去的过去”，这样应使用过去完成时的被动语态；还可以表示中国北方正在遭遇沙尘暴，北京居民一觉醒来就看到了黄色的天空，这样应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故填washit/hadbeenhit/wasbeinghit。15．考查比较级。句意：北京市环境监测中心的数据显示，上午8点，空气污染指数升至500的上限，部分地区能见度降至不到1000米。根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故填less。16．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：北京市气象局建议居民尽量待在室内，同时专家们正在调查沙尘暴是如何（为何）形成的。介词out后接宾语从句，根据“expertsareworkingtofindout”可知，此处是指调查沙尘暴是如何形成的或为何形成的，所以应用how或why引导宾语从句。故填how/why。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose

____17____arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates____18____(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearthecompaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitatetheircommute(通勤).Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatesstillneed____19____(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.____20____(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandcompanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.【答案】17．who

18．surveyed

19．assistance

20．Tohelp【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。17．考查定语从句。句意：各级政府不断努力减轻租房者的经济负担，特别是刚毕业的大学生。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为those，指人，在从句中作主语，所以此处用关系代词who，故填who。18．考查非谓语动词。句意：MeadinAcademy的一份报告称，接受调查的大学毕业生更喜欢住在公司或火车站附近的公寓里，以方便他们上下班。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的宾语从句中作定语，修饰主语collegegraduates，从句的谓语prefer，动词survey和句子主语为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词surveyed，故填surveyed。19．考查名词。句意：至于房租，大多数大学毕业生仍然需要父母的帮助，只有20%左右的大学毕业生自己付房租。空处在句中作动词need的宾语，所以用名词assistance，为不可数名词，故填assistance。20．考查非谓语。句意：为了帮助减轻年轻人的经济负担，许多政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予了支持。分析句子可知，逗号前的所有内容在句中为目的状语，表示“政府和公司在房屋租赁方面给予支持”的目的，所有用不定式。因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Tohelp。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.21．Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A．Travelsmarter. B．Travelsafer. C．Travellighter. D．Travelforfree.22．Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A．Carryingasoapatalltimes. B．Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C．Keepingapropersocialdistance. D．Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.23．Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Foodanddrinks. D．Medicinepackaging.【答案】21．B

22．C

23．C【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助游客考虑旅行时应采取的措施，以降低健康风险。21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.(我们有一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助你考虑应该采取的措施，以帮助你在旅行时减少健康风险)”可知，这篇文章想要帮助人们减少健康风险，更安全的旅行。故选B项。22．细节理解题。根据小标题Socialdistancing下的段落中“Maintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.(你和别人之间保持至少6英尺或2米(大约2个手臂长度)的距离)”可知，作者在文章中提到了保持适当的社交距离。故选C项。23．细节理解题。根据小标题Anticipatetravelneeds下的段落中“Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.(带上一些食物以防餐馆和商店关门，但要记住一些航空公司可能会限制你携带食物和饮料的能力)”可知，作者建议携带食物和饮料以备不时之需。故选C项。BThefirstessayIwroteformyhistoryofEnglishclasswasperfect,atleastfrommyperspective.Ihadworkedonitconstantlyandcouldn’twaittogetmygradeback.Ihandeditinwithpride.Twoweekslater,Ireceivedmygrade:aD．Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.ButIneverstoppedwonderingwhatuniversitywouldhavebeenlike.Iwasinmy40swhenIsentinmyapplicationandasapart-timestudent,Iwillbeinmy60sbeforeI’mfinished.That’smygoal.What’sitliketobetheoldguyinaclassfullof20-year-olds?It’sstrange.Theyprettymuchignoredme,andIignoredthem.Theyalsoignoredeachother.However,afterwehadmoregroupworktogether,peoplestartedtocommunicate.AlthoughIwasanEnglishmajor,someofmyfavoriteclasseswereunrelatedelectives.CoursesinarthistoryandGreekandRomanhistorywerefascinating.Iwaseagertodowell.Iarrangedameetingtodiscussmyessaygradeandarrived10minutesearlytomeettheteacher’sassistantIwasreadytoargueforthebrillianceofmypaper.However,shequicklyexplainedtomethatthepaperfailedtomakeastrongargument.Themarkremained.Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.Universityisdifferentwhenyouareasenior,part-timestudent.Ifyouaretheretoestablishacareerorbecauseyourparentsforcedyoutogo,thereareotherpressures.Forme,it’sjustlearning.WhetherI’mlearningremotelyorinperson,itmakestheworldabigger,richerplace.24．Whydidthewriterstartuniversitylaterthanothers?A．Hisapplicationwasrefused. B．Histeacherdislikedhisessay.C．Hisfamilywasnotrichenough. D．Hishealthdidnotmeetthestandard.25．Howdidthewriterfeelafterreceivingthegradeofhisfirstessay?A．Surprised. B．Pleased C．Excited. D．Hopeless26．Whathelpedthewriterinwritingaproperacademicessay?A．Strongcuriosity. B．Constantefforts.C．Greatpressure. D．Remarkablecreativity.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PracticeMakesPerfectB．NotAllThatShinesIsGoldC．WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWayD．ActionSpeaksLouderThanWords【答案】24．C

25．A

26．B

27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事。24．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.(我上大学比大多数人都晚。在我年轻的时候，没有这样的机会——家里孩子太多，钱太少。)”可知，作者上大学比其他人晚是因为他的家庭不够富裕。故选C。25．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.(纸上用红色字体标出错误。一定是弄错了。)”可知，作者在收到第一篇作文的分数后觉得惊讶，故选A。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不断地学习，不断地学习，我爱上了二十几位我从未听说过的作家，探索了我从未研究过的文学类型。最终，我学会了如何用正确的学术散文写一篇文章。)”可知，不断的努力帮助作者写出一篇合适的学术论文。故选B。27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不断地学习，不断地学习，我爱上了二十几位我从未听说过的作家，探索了我从未研究过的文学类型。最终，我学会了如何用正确的学术散文写一篇文章。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事，说明了“有志者事竟成”这个道理，因此最好的题目是C选项“WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWay(有志者事竟成)”，故选C。CIt’sthegreenwallofherschoolswimmingpoolthatJillCravenremembersbest,asshefeltherteacher’shandonherhead,guidingherunderwater.“Youknowhowtimeslows?Goingunder.Watching...”shesays.ThiswasinPalmerstonNorth,whenshewasfive.Whileherthreeoldersiblingscouldswimhalfamileormore,shewoulddoanythingtoavoidswimminglessons.Inher20s,shemovedtoLondontopursueacareerinjournalism.Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.However,whensheretired,Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead-liketreadingwater(踩水),butmoving-withafloatationaidaroundhermiddle.Shecouldgetherfeetofthebottomofthepoolforaquickdoggypaddle,butanythingmorewasbeyondher.Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.“WhoknowswhatIlookedlike.Aneggbeater,”shecontinues.“Ididfivestrokes,orsix.Iwassoproudofmyself”.Thenalifeguardencouragedhertocontinueandtoldherhowtobreathe.Afriendgavehergoggles.HernieceJustinewalkedbesidethepoolclapping,andCravenfeltasifshehadwonagoldmedal.JustineboughtCravenlessonsforher69thbirthday.Beforelong,Cravenhadswumalengthwithherfaceinthewater.Whenherinstructortoldhertositonthebottomofthepool,Cravenfeltlikegoingbacktobeingafive-year-old.Shehungontothestairsasshewentdown.Butshedidit!Shestayedthereforafewseconds!NowCravenswimstwiceaweek:fivelengths,sometimes10,witharestaftereach.“Ijustthinkyouneedtodothingsifyoucan.Ifyoucan,youmust.”shesays.28．WhydidCravenchoosewaterjogginginsteadofswimming?A．Shehatedlosingface.B．Shelikedtreadingwater.C．Shewasafraidtoswim.D．Shewasfondoffloating.29．WhatinspiredCraventotryswimmingagain?A．Thesightofkidslearningswimming.B．ThesupportofhernieceJustine.C．Theencouragementfromalifeguard.D．Thedoctor’sadviceonherrecovery.30．Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?A．Oncebitten,twiceshy.B．Youcanneverteachanolddognewtricks.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.【答案】28．C

29．A

30．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.”（她坚称自己从未担心过自己的职业生涯，但她一生都害怕被水淹没。）第三段中“Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead”（Craven被诊断出患有乳腺癌，作为康复的一部分，医生建议她去游泳。她仍然觉得恐惧是无法战胜的，于是开始了水上慢跑。）可知，Craven选择水上慢跑而不是游泳是因为她害怕被水淹没，即她害怕游泳。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.”（一天在游泳池，她看见一群孩子在上课。那是一个室内游泳池，温暖舒适，孩子们只有五六岁。“我只是想，是时候这么做了,”她说。）可知，是因为有一天她看到了一群小孩在上游泳课，激励了她去游泳。故选A。30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。所以这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理。选项A.“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。”；选项B.“朽木不可雕也”；选项C.“熟能生巧”，故选D。DInteractivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷猎者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.“Ifyoufindamatch,youcanidentifytheindividualanimalwholeftthemarkand,byplottingthelocationsofalltheotherplaceswheremarkshavebeenseen,trackitsmovementswithoutdisturbingitorcomingintocloseenoughcontactwithit,”saidZoeJewell,aprofessoratDukeUniversity'sNicholasSchooloftheEnvironment,whoco-ledthestudyandisco-creatorofFIT.“It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.JewellandhercolleaguesarenowworkingwithNamibia'sMinistryofEnvironment,ForestryandTourismtotrainwildlifeconservationists,landmanagersandlocalguideshowtouseFIT.Namibiaishometoanestimated2,000blackrhinos,orabout90%ofthespecies'totalpopulationworldwide.Thoughlegallyownedbythegovernment,theanimalsaredistributedgeographicallyonprivatelandsacrossthecountry.TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷猎巡逻)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.31．Whatisthepurposeofthesoftware?A．Topromotethedevelopmentoftechnology.B．Toprotectblackrhinosfrombeinghunted.C．Toanalyzethefootprintsofillegalpoachers.D．Tosaveendangeredspeciesacrosstheworld.32．What’stheadvantageofthesoftware?A．Itownsvariousfunctions. B．Itgoestothemarket.C．Itisperfectlypractical. D．Itismorethanpopular.33．WhatdoesZoeJewellsayabouttheapproach?A．Itbringsthebestadvantageforthelowestcost.B．Ithelpsincreasethepopulationofblackrhinos.C．Itraisespeople'sawarenessoftheenvironment.D．Itstrengthensthetiebetweenhumansandnature.34．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofrhinos?A．Optimistic. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.【答案】31．B

32．C

33．A

34．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的软件，这款名为FIT的软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Interactivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷猎者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.”（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够“读取”和分析黑犀牛留下的足迹的交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）可知，交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。故选B。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.”（这款名为“足迹识别技术”(FIT)的软件利用先进技术分析了100多种犀牛足迹测量数据。由于每只犀牛的足迹都像人类的指纹一样特殊，所以分析后的图像可以通过电子方式收集到先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。）可知，这款软件可以通过采集犀牛的足迹，然后会和先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。可推知，这款软件是非常实用的。故选C。33．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句““It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.”（她说：“这是一种成本效益高的方法，不仅能保护犀牛和人类的健康，而且能将一种有几个世纪历史的追踪技术带入21世纪。”）可知，认为ZoeJewell它以最低的成本带来最大的优势。故选A。34．推理判断题。根据第一段“Interactivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷猎者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.”（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够“读取”和分析黑犀牛留下的足迹的交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）最后一段“TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷猎巡逻)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.”（FIT软件还可以对整个保护区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量。这可以为计算资源需求提供有用的信息，有效地监控动物。这就创建了一个互动图书馆，反偷猎巡逻队可以利用这个图书馆搜索处于最高风险的动物，包括那些近年来没有出现足迹的动物。）可知，FIT软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。通过使用FIT，可以对整个保护区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量，因而未来犀牛的数量应该是朝着人们期望的方向发展。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysamajorroleinsuccessandoverallhappiness.____35____Enjoythebenefitsoffeelingthankfulwiththesefourgratitudepracticeseveryday.Showyourappreciationforothers.Whenyouthinkofgratitudeexercises,youhaveprobablyalreadyheardofsuggestionslikekeepingagratitudejournal.Yetevenmorebeneficialthancountingyourblessingsisreceivingthanksfromothers.Toencourageactsofgratitude,leadbyexample.____36____Youcreateanenvironmentofopengratitude,andyoumayevenreceivethesameappreciationinreturn.____37____Encouragegratitude.Inaninterview,researchprofessorDr.BrenéBrownexplainedherdailypracticestoencouragegratitudeamonghercolleagues.Shegatherspostersandputsanameofacoworkeroneachboard.Theneveryonegoesaroundandwritesanicethingaboutthatpersonundertheirname.Youcancreateyourowngroupgratitudeexerciseslikethistoencouragepositivityandappreciationamongfriends,family,oratwork.Feelinspiredbygratitudestories.____38____Lookforpeopleinyourlife,orinthemedia,whohavestruggledandsucceededthankstothesupportofothers.Havingempathy(同理心)isgoodforyou.Startyourdaywithamorninggratitudepractice.____39____Sowhynotstartitfromaplaceofgratitudeandgrace?Eachmorning,beforeyougetoutofbed,takeamomenttocountyourblessings.Trytothinkofthreetofivethingsyoufeelgratefulfortoday.Thismayimproveyourmentalhealth,aswellasofferyouapositivestarttoyourday!A．Creategroupgratitudepractices.B．Learntotreasurethepresentmoment.C．So,putalittlegratitudeintoyourroutine!D．Feedyourbrainwithgoodnewsandgratitudestories!E．Practicegratitudewheneveryouareinthemoodforit.F．Thewayyoustartyourmorningsetsthetonefortherestoftheday.G．Showyourappreciationtowardotherswhenyougenuinelyfeelthatway.【答案】35．C

36．G

37．A

38．D

39．F【导语】本文是说明文。文章建议四个感恩练习来享受感恩的好处。35．根据空前“Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysama