决战阅读之说明文-新闻事件类 精讲课件（入门篇）

(高中说明文)新闻事件决战阅读之巅

培养快速理清篇章结构，抓取文章大意的能力。运用说明文体裁分析，规范阅读理解的解题步骤。学会使用“脱衣服”大法分析长难句。积累与新闻事件类说明文相关的主题词汇。Ready?Go!说明文体裁分析Part1课标解读事理说明事物说明说明文分类历年数据年份省份篇章内容2021年新高考I卷D篇阐述了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望全国甲卷B篇介绍了在PortLympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状全国乙卷C篇介绍艺术家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作的塑料雕塑，呼吁人类审视和一次性塑料的关系D篇针对开放性办公室，一项研究调研多少分贝的噪音最有利于人们的创造性思维的发展新高考II卷D篇介绍一种正在开发中的，可以用于监测放牧牛健康状况的机器人天津卷D篇阐述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义浙江卷C篇一项研究表明狗能够识别人类的面部表情北京卷C篇通过百位科学家、作家和学者的公开信，阐述了全球崩塌（globalcollapse）的相关内容历年数据年份省份篇章内容2020年全国I卷B篇阐述了重新阅读的意义和益处，鼓励大家重新阅读D篇介绍了麻省理工学院的工程师开发出的一种发光植物全国II卷B篇研究表明孩子们玩智力游戏有助于发展包括空间技能等多项能力C篇介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办的不同寻常的时装秀中展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣全国III卷D篇通过引用最近的基因发现，阐述人类的进化不仅仅发生在数十亿年前，也发生在最近的几千年间北京卷B篇介绍世界上第一条佩戴污染检测器记录地面附近的污染物水平的狗江苏卷B篇讲述了一度停用的电话亭在英国重新流行起来C篇研究表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益年份省份篇章内容2020年天津卷（5月）C篇HarbourAir航空公司研发电动飞机天津卷(

7月)C篇介绍了声音技术领域的3种全新应用浙江卷C篇《神经病学》杂志发布一则研究显示，做挑战性的工作，有可能帮助衰老人群保持大脑的敏锐成都诊断模拟题科学家的研究表明2岁及其以前的幼年记忆并不可信高密模拟模拟题一项研究表明定期打网球有助于延长寿命2019年全国卷IC篇介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘D篇主要讲述了受欢迎度对青少年的影响历年数据年份省份篇章内容2019年全国卷IIC篇分析美国越来越多的人喜欢独自进餐的社会现象D篇介绍了美国国家航空航天局为了把航天技术和学校教育结合起来，而针对高中生实施的HUNCH计划。全国卷IIID篇一位哈佛医学院的科学家领导的研究团队发现猴子能进行基本的加法计算。北京卷D篇解说由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿的现象。浙江卷C篇解说并分析加利福尼亚州从90年代以来大树不断消失的现象和背后的重要原因2018年全国卷IB篇介绍了一档英国电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴C篇讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少的现象及其原因D篇纽约罗彻斯特理工学院的研究表明，新电子设备的环境能耗比旧设备更低，是更经济环保的选择历年数据年份省份篇章内容2018年全国卷IIB篇介绍了7月份各种营养丰富，并包含对人体有益的微量元素的热带水果北京卷C篇介绍了一种吃塑料，并能用胃里的酶降解塑料的虫子大蜡螟天津卷C篇介绍了3D打印技术在食物的应用上取得的进展和遇到的挑战2017年全国卷IIC篇Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行D篇介绍了植物在受到昆虫的攻击时是如何进行自我保护的,北京卷C篇已经被疫苗消灭的麻疹近日有回归的趋势全国卷ID篇介绍了一种自己可以亲手制作简易太阳能蒸馏器的方法2014年全国卷ID篇为了拯救因为濒临灭绝的小众语言，语言学家展开了记录拯救工作历年数据123说明对象事物说明事理说明语篇结构说明顺序说明方法一般-特殊型问题-解决型匹配-比较型时间空间逻辑举例、比较、分类、引用、数字、定义、表格、图示…12341事物事理名师指路说明文往往为了说清楚某个事物或事理是什么、为什么、怎么样，因此通常在标题或首段直接指出说明对象。说明文围绕所说事物/事理，采用多种说明方法客观阐明，因而高频词会反复出现，阅读过程中把握高频词也能准确找出说明对象，提取核心信息。2021年全国乙卷C①

You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.②

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.看文章标题；寻找首段中心句看文章标题；寻找首段中心句事理说明文本文介绍了艺术家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑作品的事件①

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)

enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).②

UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.③ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.2020全国II卷C看文章标题；寻找首段中心句看文章标题；寻找首段中心句事理说明文本文介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办一场时装秀，展出海狸鼠皮毛的皮衣。22021年全国乙卷C①You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoes

oneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.②Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.③

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.④Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.⑤VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.说明对象说明特征创作原因背景信息2021年全国乙卷C2020全国II卷C①

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).②UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.③ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.④NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus.”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.⑤Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades，butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s，thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.⑥BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.⑦Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.ModelPaigeMorgansays，“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.说明对象说明特征背景信息公众态度2020全国II卷CExpositionexplainssomething.Inordertomakeideasclearandunderstandabletothereader,expositionusuallyfollowstimeorder,spaceorderorlogicalorder.常见的逻辑顺序有：从原因到结果，从主要到次要，从整体到部分，从概括到具体，从现象到本质等。名师指路32021年全国乙卷C题目见讲义①

You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.②Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.2021年全国乙卷C题目见讲义③

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.④Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic”，VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.⑤VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.本文是事理说明文，介绍了艺术家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾雕塑作品。作者通过列数字、做诠释等说明方法，介绍了雕塑作品的特征、创作背景、创作原因，传达出艺术家Benjamin呼吁人们重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系的理念。即说明对象：Benjaminbuiltmassivesculpturesoutofgarbagetoforcepeopletore-examinetherelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.名师指路What’sthemainideaofthispassage?总结：说明文的说明方法服务于说明对象。2020全国II卷C题目见讲义①

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).②UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.③ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.④NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus.”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.2020全国II卷C题目见讲义⑤Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,

butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,

thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.⑥BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.⑦Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.ModelPaigeMorgansays,

“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.本文是事理说明文，介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。作者通过列数字、引资料、作比较等说明方法，介绍了这场特殊的时装秀的特征、举办的背景信息和公众的态度。说明对象：Tobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutriaand,someecologistsandfashionenthusiastsheldanunusualfashionshow.为了阐述这个“一般”（general)的论述，用了多个“特殊“（particular)的细节进行说明，补充了事件的前因后果等信息。名师指路What’sthemainideaofthispassage?总结：事理类说明文的说明对象通常也是主旨句，呈现文章的主旨。真题讲解示例12021年全国乙卷CPART2123VideotimeWhatdoyouseeinthevideo?①You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.②Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.③

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.④Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic”，VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.⑤VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.2021年全国乙卷C题目见讲义摘要一般特殊型

说明文引言正文总结Hebuildssculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Hebuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse”whichwasapairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.EverystrawofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforafewminutesbutwouldtakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrateaspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Hehopeshisworkwillhelppressurecompaniestoreduceplasticfootprint.1.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?3.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?快速通读文章完成下面的摘要，并找出所对应的题目。MindMap4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash说明对象TruckloadofPlasticBenjaminbuiltmassivesculpturesoutofgarbagetoforcepeopletore-examinetherelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromvolunteerbeachcleanupsmadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterBecauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,plasticstrawscan’tberecycled.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.helppressurebigcompaniestoreducethefootprint.说明特征创作原因背景信息Everystrawofhisartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforafewminutes.collectedfrommore10,000piecesofplasticcreatedin2008StrawpocalypseBenjamin2021年全国乙卷C题目速览1WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. Reducinggarbageonthebeach.推理判断题Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.Tofindasubstituteforthem.2Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?Calming. Disturbing.Refreshing. Challenging.3Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyMediaInterestinContemporaryArtResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesOceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures4推理判断题推理判断题主旨大意题说明对象Benjaminbuiltmassivesculpturesoutofgarbagetoforcepeopletore-examinetherelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.plasticproducts.re-examinetherelationshiptosingle-use拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）推理判断题1STEP1：标关键词题干定位说明对象STEP2：定位信息段①You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.

Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. Reducinggarbageonthebeach.re-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts技巧点拨：同义复现答案指向句分析参考译文Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.他用塑料垃圾建造了大量的雕塑，强迫观众重新审视自己和一次性塑料制品的关系。Hebuildsmassivesculptures1122outofplasticgarbage3forcingviewersto

re-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts3relationship非谓语动词做状语relationshiptosth.的固定搭配状语

Becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,plasticstrawscan’tbyrecycled.

Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.创作原因

Everystrawofhisartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforafewminutesplasticstrawscan’tbyrecycledOncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）推理判断题2STEP1：标关键词题干定位创作原因STEP2：定位信息段③Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.cannotberecycledtakecenturiestodisappearWhydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.技巧点拨：推理判断题，理解词块后进行归纳总结答案指向句分析参考译文Plasticstrawsarethebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但最近它们受到批评，因为大多数人喝水并不需要吸管，且因为它们体积小、重量轻，是无法回收的。状语but转折连词，连接前后两个分句because因果连词，连接前后两个分句and并列连词，连接前后两个分句111they’verecentlycomeunderfirebutbecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwith1and

theycannotberecycled.2bynomeans23becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight状语3Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.collectedfrommore10,000piecesofplasticTruckloadofPlastichelppressurebigcompaniestoreducethefootprint.背景信息createdin2008Benjaminhelppressurebigcompaniestoreducethefootprint.collectedfrommore10,000piecesofplastichelppressurebigcompaniestoreducethefootprintcreatedin2008拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）推理判断题3STEP1：标关键词题干定位背景信息STEP2：定位信息段④Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.Plastic10,000piecesofplasticlooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce技巧点拨：推理判断题，理解词块后进行归纳总结Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.

答案指向句分析参考译文VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWong和一组志愿者搜集了1万多块塑料，它们被绑到一起，看起来就像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来一样。whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.定语从句VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic1122plastic定语从句修饰的先行词fromatruckallatonce状语拆解：说明文（一般特殊型）主旨大意题4STEP1：标关键词题干定位说明对象STEP2：定位信息段Benjaminbuiltmassivesculpturesoutofgarbagetoforcepeopletore-examinetherelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.说明对象builtmassivesculpturesoutofgarbage①You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.buildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbageWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyBMediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures技巧点拨：同义复现回顾apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash说明对象TruckloadofPlasticBenjaminbuiltmassivesculpturesoutofgarbagetoforcepeopletore-examinetherelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromvolunteerbeachcleanupsmadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterBecauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,plasticstrawscan’tbyrecycled.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.helppressurebigcompaniestoreducethefootprint.说明特征创作原因背景信息Everystrawofhisartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforafewminutes.collectedfrommore10,000piecesofplasticcreatedin2008StrawpocalypseBenjamin2021年全国乙卷CQ1Q2Q3Q4Tip1:说明文推理判断题的破解可以用“三步走”破解。①______________________________________________;②______________________________________________;③______________________________________________。Tip2:说明文推理判断题正确选项特征_____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________细节理解划出题干、选项关键词词汇复现（关注同义、反义，还有语义场等）；归纳和对比依据关键词定位段落，重点关注相关信息句归纳总结，仔细对比选项，确定答案Tip1:说明文主旨大意题需要用到_____________。Tip2:主旨大意题依然可以遵循“三步走”的原则：step1:______________________________________;step2:______________________________________;step3:______________________________________

Tip3:主旨大意题正确选项特征_______________________主旨大意理解和归纳圈出选项里的说明对象和关键词块以词块为线索回归原文区分辨别选项的陷阱等同义复现和概括呈现词汇梳理：同义/近义复现①

You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.②

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.wantsyoutoknowforcingviewerstore-examineplasticplasticgarbageplasticplastic1WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. Reducinggarbageonthebeach.词汇梳理：同义/近义复现2③

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.PlasticstrawsstrawthestrawrecycledrecycledtakecenturiestodisappearWhydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshow