2021-2022学年上海延安中学高一（上）期末英语试题及答案

延安中学高一上期末英语试卷II.Grammarand(22%)SectionA(7%)Directions:BeneathofthefollowingsentencesfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Endingwarsandaidingeconomicgrowtharemeasuresthatensureaccessfoodandpromoteruraldevelopmentthatarea.A.for2._______fashionfromcountrycountryreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.endingalongspecificD.byD.WhichA.WhatThatThis3.goodusehavemadeofyourthereroomforimprovement.A.WhateverHoweverThoughD.WhetherD.until4.Itseemedonlyseveralminuteshemadeuphismindandtoldushisdecision.beforewhenA.after5.DeeptheAtlanticOcean,explorershavefoundtreasurebethevaluablesunkenA.wherewhathappens,buthearthethunderafewsecondsforaninstantontheinstantD.aninstantwesharecommonbeliefsandtraditionsthatthatD.which6.seethelighteningA.theinstant7.Culturerefersaparticulargroupofpeopleshapethewayweunderstandtheworld.A.whowhomthatD.whomSectionB(8%)Directions:Completethesentencesthewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.A.attachprovokeswitchrenovatedeclineDwanderG.initiateH.symbolizeI.capture8.Indeed,crudeoil(原油)pricesroseafterannouncement,anticipationthathemay__________theOrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)pushoilpricesasas$100perbarrel.9.Inallof2020,globallarge-scalecompanieshadthecapacityto__________40milliontonnesofcarbondioxide(CO2)—lessthanhalfthevolumeofcarbonproducedworldwideasingleweek.10.Alongthepassengershavethechanceto__________throughwhitewashedvillages,feeltheseabreezepicturesqueharbors,andexploreancientruins.Thethingshesureto__________mostimportancearethefreedomoftheindividualandthesovereignty(主权)ofhis12Thesurveypredictedthatthequalityoftheeducationalprovisionandstandardspupilsachieve__________significantlyduelackoffunds.13.Thereportproposedthattheauthority__________anewprojectenableanyoneputforwardanytechnologiesfordiseasecontrol.14.Theoptions,onebuildanentirelynewfacilityandasecondto__________theexistingfacilityandaddanewpart,bothpriceofseveralhundredmilliondollars.15.remainuntilwinds__________tothenorthwestaftermidnight.SectionC(7%)Directions:Completethearticlethewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.A.ledB.forcingNewcelebrationsbeonSquare,butsmallercrowdsC.havingD.plannedE.performingG.monitoringH.announcing—Revelers(狂欢者)ringthenewyearNewSquarenextweek,therejustbeasofthemasusualundernewrestrictionsannouncedThursdayasthecitystrugglesaCOVID-19cases.areasthatnormallyaccommodateabout58,000people___16___about15,000allowformoredistancing,andeveryoneattendanceshowproofofvaccination(接种疫苗)andwearamask,deBlasiosaidanewsrelease___17___thechanges.“TherealotcelebrateandtheseadditionalsafetymeasureskeepthefullyvaccinatedcrowdsafeandhealthyasweringtheNewdeBlasiosaid,notingthesuccessgettingresidentsvaccinatedwhilealsokeepingbusinessesopen.TheaddedprecautionsforNewEveSquarewerespurredbytherapidspreadoftheomicronvarianttheApple,wherelinesfortestinghavesnakedaroundblocksrecentdays.Onthecitysetanotherone-daytestingrecord22,808newcases,thoughatruecomparisonthenumberofcasesduringtheinitialCOVID-19spring2020impossiblebecausetestswerelimitedatthetime.Becauseofvaccinations,hospitalizationsanddeathsfromthecurrentarefarfewerthanattheheight.Thenewofcaseshas___18___thecancellationofconcerts,sportingeventsandBroadwayshows,butdeBlasiohasshownastrongpreferenceforhavingtheannualSquareballdroponas___19___—thelastmajoreventofhiseight-yeartenure(任期),whichendsJan.1.Littlemorethanamonthago,deBlasiogladlyannouncedthatafullyvaccinatedcrowdofhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewouldbebackattheiconiccelebration—dressinggoofy2022-themedglassesandwatchingacrystal-cladballdropatmidnight—afterwaslimitedlastyeargroupsofessentialworkers.Butthatwasbeforeomicroncaughtfire,___20___cityofficialsandeventrethinkjusthowpeopletheywantedsqueezeintothebright,billboard-linedtouristhavenknownastheCrossroadsoftheOnthenetworkgavedecision,pullingtheplugonaplannedlivebroadcastfromtheNewEveevent.Othernetworksplanairthefestivities,includingDickNewRockin’ontheloyalprogramnowhostedbySeacrest.DeBlasiosaidalongannouncementthatthecityis___21___theCOVID-19situationandcouldimposeadditionalprecautionsneeded.Amongtheotherchangesannouncedrevelersbeallowedintoviewingareasuntil3p.m.,muchlaterthanpastyears.OnNewEvelastSquarewasmostlyJenniferLopezandotherartists___22___behindpolicewalls.AftervaccinesbecamewidelyavailabletheU.S.,thecityallowedcrowdsbacktheFourthofJulyfireworks,theThanksgivingParadeandotherevents.“NewthebestplacetheworldcelebrateNewandnowbeoneofthesafestagainstaswell,”saidawrittenstatementsupportingthenewprecautions.“NewandvisitorsalikecannowenjoySquareandtherestofourcityaswering2022.”III.ReadingComprehension(43%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForblankinthefollowingpassagefourwordsorphrasesmarkedB,andD.Fillinblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.thelongesttime,thepredominantdescriptionaboutrenewablefeaturedawkwardtechnologies,costs,andburdensomeallowance.Inthe___23___ofstrictandfar-reachingpolicychanges,thechancesformassadoptionseemedslim.Electricvehiclessimplythedistance,andlightswereunattractiveand___24___.Butnowthatthesetechnologieshaveofage,anewstorybeingwritten.Aroundtheworld,businesses,governments,andhouseholdsaretakingadvantageofmorecost-effectivelow-carbontechnologies.___25___advancesinformationtechnologiesgreensolutionscanbeintroducedintobusinessoperationsAndaspublicsupportforthesetechnologieshasgrown,sohavethe___26___forscalingupafullysustainablesystem.Asanyrapidtransition,afullunderstandingofwhathappeninghas___27___events.Manypresentproducersfindhardbelievethattheirworldundergoingarevolutionarychange,sotheyinsistthattheirheavilypollutingtechnologiesremain___28___andnecessaryforcome.Journalists,too,describethetransitionadegreeof___29___,becausetheirjobbesuspicious.Andpoliticiansandregulatorsarecautiousadoptanewperspective,___30___theyarealreadystrugglingkeepupthepaceofchangethebesure,___31___withoutsetbacks,astherecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissionsshows.therenodoubtthatthefutureofbe_____32_____differentfromtherecentpast.Infact,the_____33_____happeningevenfasterthanwethink,forexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedcost-effectivewindandsolaroptions.Andastheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends,beeasierforelectedpursuemoreclimate-friendlypoliciesandregulations,therebycreatinga(n)_____34_____circleofchange.Asthegreentransitioncomesofage,solutionsallofneeds,placingaclean,prosperousandsecurelow-carbonfuturewellwithinreach.evenaswehug_____35_____,wemustnotloseofthefactthatclimatechangespeedingup.GHGemissions_____36_____rise,thefutureofhumanityhangsthebalance.Onehopesthattheshift_____37_____thescaleour23.A.licenseabsenceapplicationinevitableIncaseofprospectsD.promotionD.unaffordableD.AccordingD.priorities24.A.invisible25.A.Insteadof26.A.resources27.A.caughtup28.A.relevantunbelievableOwingrevolutionscomparedinferiortakenplaceofsyntheticD.fallenbehindD.experimentalD.approval29.A.mixturecautionconflict30.A.casesothateventhoughhappinessindependentlyD.themomentD.progress31.A.significance32.A.dramaticallyinventioneconomicallyD.equivalently33.A.interaction34.A.naturalmodernizationpotentialoptimismfailingmotivationpositiveD.transformationD.original35.A.influence36.A.startingestimationavailableD.extensionD.continuingD.industrial37.A.sustainabletraditionalSectionB(22%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForofthemfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustAForkstracetheiroriginsbacktheancientGreeks.atthatwerefairlytinesthataidedthecarvingofmeatthekitchen.Thetinespreventedmeatfromtwistingormovingduringcarvingandallowedfoodslidemoreeasilythanwouldaknife.the7thcenturyA.D.,royalcourtsoftheMiddleEastbeganuseforksatthetablefordining.Fromthe10ththroughthe13thcenturies,forkswerefairlycommonamongthewealthyByzantium.IntheaByzantinebroughtforkstheywerenotwidelyadoptedthereuntilthe16thThen1533,forkswerebroughtfromItalyFrance.TheFrenchwerealsoslowacceptforks,forusingthemwasthoughtbeawkward.In1608,forkswerebroughtEnglandbyThomasCoryate,whosawthemduringhistravelsTheEnglishfirstridiculedforksasbeing“WhyshouldapersonneedaforkwhenGodhadgivenhimhands?”theyasked.forksbeadoptedbythewealthyasasymboloftheirsocialstatus.Theywereprizedpossessionsofexpensivematerialsintendedimpressguests.themid-1600s,eatingforkswasconsideredfashionableamongthewealthyBritish.Earlytableforksweremodeledafterkitchenforks,butsmallpiecesoffoodoftenfellthroughthetinesorslippedlate17thcenturyFrance,forksfourcurvedtinesweredeveloped.Theadditionaltinesmadedinerslesslikelydropfood,andthecurvedtinesservedasascoopsopeopledidnothaveconstantlyswitchaspoonwhileeating.theearly19thforkshadalsobeendevelopedGermanyandEnglandandslowlybeganspreadAmerica.38.Whatthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thedifferentdesignsofforks.Thespreadoffork-aidedThehistoryofusingforksfordining.D.Thedevelopmentoffork-relatedtablemanners.39.whichroutedidtheuseofforksspread?A.MiddleEastGreeceEnglandItalyFranceGreeceMiddleEastItalyFranceEnglandGreeceMiddleEastFranceItalyGermanyD.MiddleEastFranceEnglandItalyGermany40.HowdidforksbecomepopularEngland?A.Britishwereimpressedbythedesignofforks.Britishthoughtawkwardusetheirhandseat.Britishgavespecialforksthenoblesasluxuriousgifts.D.Britishconsidereddiningforksaofsocialstatus.41.Whywereforksmadeintoacurvedshape?A.Theycouldbeusedscoopfoodaswell.TheylookedmorefashionablethisTheyweredesignedthiswayforexporttheD.Theyensuredthewouldnotwhilebeingcut.BTheclassicroadpopularthanHereareseveralplaceshittheopenroad.Colo-roadTheColoradohasmadeeasyforroad-trippersexplorethestate's24ScenicHistoricByways.Anewmicrositeincludesaninteractivemapthatenablestravelersexploreoptionsbyregion,interestorseason.seekinginspirationcanalsoaccessinsidertipsandside-tripsuggestionswithinthan150Colo-roaditineraries(行程).Theflexibleitinerariessuggestionsforhistoricattractions,activeadventuresandhighlightculturalopportunities.TheHighwaywhotravelthisextraordinarypathexperiencethevisuallandscapeofMontana,andPark,hometheAbsarokaandmountains.The68-milestretchintroducesroadexplorersoneofthemostdiverseecosystemsaccessiblebyauto.Amazinglybeautiful,thisAll-AmericanRoaddisplayswidehighlands,paintedpatches(一片片)oficebluelakes,forestedvalleys,waterfallsandwildlife.SewardHighwayAlaska,TheroadthatconnectsAnchorageSewarda127-miletreasure,includingnaturalwildlifeandstoriesofadventureandendurance.adayorseveralexploretheregionthathasearnedthree-foldrecognitionasaForestServiceScenicanAlaskanScenicBywayandanAll-AmericanRoad.ThebeginsatthebaseoftheChugachMountains,hugsthescenicshoresofArmandwindsthroughminingtowns,nationalforestsandfishingvillagesasimaginehowexplorers,furtradersandprospectorshavefaredbacktheExpectwaterfalls,glaciers(冰川),eagles,moose(驼鹿)andgoodbearstories.TheLighthouseMainethe375milesbetweenKitteryandCalais,Maine,visitlighthousesalongtheandlearnaboutthedangersthatseagoingboatsandtheircrewenduredalongtherockyNortheasterncoast.Heartalesofshipwrecks(海滩)andofthedifficultandlonelyledbythosewhokeptthelightsburningIfpossible,visittheMaineLighthouseMuseum,whereartifactsandhands-onexhibitsforchildrenprovideanattractivebreak.42.Whatspecialabouteachplacementionedabove?A.ofColo-roadareprovidedadaptableplansoftrip.theHighwaycanenjoytheautoDriversalongSewardHighwaycanappreciatethetreasureunderground.D.TheLighthouseofferstravelersseagoingboatsrowonthesea.43.Whichfavorkidsaccordingthepassage?A.Colo-roadTheSewardAlaska.D.TheLighthouseMaine.44.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.StoriesofadventurealongroadtripsAmericanpopularroadtripsRecognitionforclassicplacesD.All-AmericanhighwayjourneyCIfadiversurfacestoohesufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)hisbloodsuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,thebubbles(气泡)accumulateajoint,sharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesformhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.Otherair-breathinganimalsalsothisdecompression(减压)sicknesstheysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.IfbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutbloodThiskillsthecellsthebone,andconsequentlyweakenssometimesthepointofcollapse.Fossil(化石)bonesthathavecavedonthemselvesarethusathattheanimaloncehadthebends.BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonesfindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.thisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledthenatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.Whenhestarted,heassumedthatofthebendswouldberareryoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasuresdealdecompression.Instead,hewasastonisheddiscovertheopposite.than15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotaspecimen(标本)showedevidenceofthatsortofIfichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,mosttheylostafterwards.ButthatnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectswasevolutionotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedescapeapredator(捕食动物)suchasashark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceofsharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.oceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.Inthethen,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(猎物)aswellaspredator—andoftenhadaspeedyasaresult.45.Whichofthefollowingatypicalsymptomofthebends?A.AtwistedAgradualdecreasebloodD.Adropbloodpressure.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogenblood.46.Thepurposeofstudysee________.A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendswhyichthyosaursbenttheirbodies47.findingstatedParagraph4________..A.confirmedhisassumptionhowichthyosaursadapteddecompressionD.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbonesspeededuphisresearchprocessD.changedhisresearchobjectivesdisagreedhisassumption48.Rothschildhaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs________.A.failedevolveanantidecompressionmeansgraduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsdiedoutbecauseofsharksandcrocodilesD.evolvedanantidecompressionmeansbutsoonlostSectionC(6%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinblankwithasentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattwosentencesthanyouneed.Directions:Afterreadingthepassagechoosethebestanswersfromthesixstatementsaccordingwhathavejustread.priceofapieceofhistoryAfreshcanbepurchasedforlessthan$1.But2008,Cowan'sAuctionsCincinnatisoldalemonblackenedfor$2,350.Whatwassospecialaboutthislemon?___49___Accordingahandwrittennoteinkattachedapartlysealedbottlecontainingthelemon,thefruitwaspicked1842bygardener"43yearsafterthefirstpresident'sdeaththousanddollarsalotpayforproduce,evenfromtheestateofafoundingThissale,justbeconsideredacomparedpricespaidforotherhistoricalcollectiblesrecentyears.___50___Collectingapieceoforanobjectassociatedafamousperson,notbrandOrdinaryobjectsextraordinarystorieshaveincreasinglybeencomingauctionandachievingprices,ThomasdirectorofChristie'sdepartmentofbooksandmanuscriptsLondon.Pricesarebeingdrivenup,hesays,bycollectorstheand,Asia.TheHawkingwheelchair,forexample,waspurchasedbyaprivatemuseumChina.___51___onething,theirhistoryofownershipbothcrucialandsometimesdifficultprove.Photographsofthefamouspersontheobject,aswellasdocumentation(suchasletters,diariesorrecollectionsbyacquaintancesreferringtheobject)canalsohelp.___52___evaluatethevalueofaPicassopainting,onecanlookatrecentpricespaidforotherPicassopaintingsoftheperiod,similarorstyle.FindinganotherrecentsaleofaplantedbyadifferentKatieHorstman,headofCowan'sAmericanHistorydepartment,shecouldfindnocomparableitemsfortheasshepreparedthepieceforauction.Horstmanneverthelesseventuallyarrivedattheestimatedvalueat$3,000$4,000,shesays,byresearchingauctionrecordsforobjectssomehowassociatedthathadappearedonthemarket.Cowansendedupestimatingthevalueoftheat$3,000$4,000,accordingdescriptiononwebsite.Objectsassociatedthesedays,Horstmansays,cansellforanywherefrom1,000uptensofthousandsofdollars.A.Stephenwheelchairfetched296,750atasaleatChristie'sLondonlastdeterminingpotentialvaluesofsuchobjectsItwassaidbefromatreeplantedbyatMountD.Theauctionresultsurelydrewtheattentionfromboththebusinessandeconomicsworlds.TheuniquenessofoftheseobjectsfurthercomplicatesputavalueonThereforetheuniquevalueofmanyobjectsprovedtheworthofcollection.第II卷(20分)I.Fillwithformsofverbsgiven.(4%)53.Thelastwesawhe________(work)the(所给词的适当形式填空)54.Enormouschanges________(take)placethatcitysincetheturnofthe21st（所给词的适当形式填55.-Oh,you!I________you.(recognize)（所给词的适当形式填空）-justhadmyhaircut,andI’mwearingnewglasses.56.Owingthelevelofthedelaytransportation,it________(be)weeksorevenmonthsbeforethesupplychainreturnsnormal.(所给词的适当形式填空)(16%)(3+3+3+3+4)Directions:thefollowingsentencesEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.57.无论好坏，线上食物外送服务已经改变了我们的饮食方式，也正给社会造成巨大影响。(汉译英)58.那个位于湖边provide59.要是谈到下棋，这家跨国公司在这个人工智能领域遥遥领先。(Whencomesto,leadn.)(汉译英)60.Notbutalso61.realize,高一年英语试卷II.Grammarand(22%)SectionA(7%)Directions:BeneathofthefollowingsentencesfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Endingwarsandaidingeconomicgrowthareendingalongspecificmeasuresthatensureaccessfoodandpromoteruraldevelopmentthatarea.A.forD.by【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：结束饥荒的关键是结束战争并帮助经济增长，并辅之以确保食物供给和促进那个地区乡村发展的具体措施。短语thedosth意为“做某事的关键”，故选。2._______fashionfromcountrycountryreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词从句连接词。句意：国与国之间的时尚差异可能从一个方面反映了文化的差异。此处为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的that。故选。3.goodusehavemadeofyourthereroomforimprovement.HoweverThoughD.WhetherA.Whatever【答案】A【解析】A.WhateverHowever然而；ThoughD.Whetheruseofgooduseof在use前加上goodgooduse提前。结合句意，此处需要一个表示无论多么且表让步的引导词，且连接空后的名词。综合四个选项，Whatever符合题意。故选A4.Itseemedonlyseveralminuteshemadeuphismindandtoldushisdecision.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until【答案】B【解析】A.after在……之后；before在……之前；when在……时候；D.untilItseemedonlyseveralminutes”和“hemadeuphisandtoldushisdecision“只过了几分钟”发生在“下定了决心并把他的决定告诉了我们”之前，可用连词before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”。故选B5.DeeptheAtlanticOcean,explorershavefoundtreasurebethevaluablesunkenC.thatD.whichA.where【答案】B【解析】B.what【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在大西洋的深处，探险者们已经发现了或许是历史上最有价值的沉没的宝藏。A.where哪里；what什么；...的东西；that那个；D.which哪个。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导found的宾语从句，并指代物在从句中作主语，what符合题意。故选B6.seethelighteninghappens,buthearthethunderafewsecondsA.theinstant【答案】A【解析】foraninstantontheinstantD.aninstantA.theinstant一……foraninstantontheinstantD.aninstant处引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，应用theinstant。故选A7.Culturerefersaparticulargroupofpeopleshapethewayweunderstandtheworld.wesharecommonbeliefsandtraditionsthatA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：文化是指与我们有共同信仰和传统的特定人群，这些信仰和传统塑造了我们理解世界的方式。A.who谁；whom谁；that那；D.whom和谁。分析句子可知，此处包含固定搭配sharesth.sb.aparticulargroupofpeople，先行词指人，从句缺少介词和关系词，关系词在从句中作的宾语，应用whom引导，即whom引导从句。故选DSectionB(8%)Directions:Completethesentencesthewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.【答案】8.B9.I10.D12.FA13.G14.C15.E【解析】8题详解】provoke意为“激怒、挑衅”，符合句意逻辑，情态动词后跟动词原形，需填provoke，故选。9题详解】2020年，全球的大规模公司有能力赢得4亿吨碳排放量，少于全球在一周之内的二氧化碳排放量的一半。动词capture意为“夺得;赢得”，获得碳排放权，符合句意，havethecapacitydo"有做某事的能力，需填capture，故选I。10题详解】考查动词。句意：沿途，乘客们有机会穿过粉刷过了的村庄，在如画的海港感受海风，并且探索古迹。动词wander意为徘徊;游荡;流浪;漫游;havethechancedo“有做某事的机会”。wander，故选D。题详解】考查动词。句意：他一定重视的两件事情是个人自由和国家的主权。短语attachimportance意为“重视，besuredosth意为“一定会做”attach，故选A。12题详解】考查动词。句意：这个调查预测，由于缺乏资金，小学生收获的教育供给的质量和标准可能会大大地下降。declinedeclineF。13题详解】考查动词。句意：这个报告提议官方应该发起一个新的项目，让每个人都能改进用来疾病控制科学技术。动词“initiate”propose后的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，should加动词原形，should可以省略，需填initiate，故选G。14题详解】考查动词。句意：两个选择，一个是建一个全新的设施，一个是在原有的设备基础上进行革新，添加一个renovate“革新”renovate，。15题详解】考查动词。句意：气温会保持温和直到午夜之后风到达西北方向。此处指风的移动，switch意为“转换、转”until引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”windsswitch，。SectionC(7%)Directions:Completethearticlethewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.【答案】16.F17.H18.A19.D20.B21.G22.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了时代广场的除夕庆祝活动将会按时举行，但是参加人数会比较少。16题详解】考查动词。句意：市长比尔·德·布拉西奥在宣布这一变化的新闻稿中说，通常可容纳约58000人的观赏区将被限制在15000个左右，以留出更大的距离，每个参加观看的人都必须出示疫苗接种证明并戴上口罩。分析句子，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与空前的be构成一般将来时的被动语态，limited“限制”是动词的过去分词形式，符合题意。故选F17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：市长比尔·德·布拉西奥在宣布这一变化的新闻稿中说，通常可容纳约58000人的观赏区将被限制在15000个左右，以留出更大的距离，每个参加观看的人都必须出示疫苗接种证明并戴anewsrelease词announceanewsreleaseannouncing作后置定语修饰anewsreleaseH18题详解】考查动词。句意：新一轮的事件已经导致音乐会、体育赛事和百老汇演出被取消。分析句子，空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与空前has构成现在完成时，lead表示“导致”，led“导致”是动词的过去分词形式，符合题意。故选A19题详解】考查动词。句意：但德布拉西奥表现出强烈的偏好，希望每年一度的时代广场舞会按计划进行。结合语意，德布拉西奥希望时代广场舞会按照计划进行，舞会是被计划的，空处应用动词的过去分词形式表示被动，asplanned表示“正如被计划的”，planned“被计划”是动词的过去分词形式，符合题意。故选D20题详解】omicron底想挤进多少人，挤进这个被一些人称为世界十字路口的明亮、布满广告牌的旅游天堂。分析句子，空处应为非谓语动词表示自然而言的结果，应用现在分词形式，forcesb.dosth.表示“迫使某人做某事”，forcing“迫使”是动词的现在分词形式，符合题意。故选B21题详解】考查动词。句意：德布拉西奥在星期四的通告中说城市正在监控2019采取额外的预防措施。分析句子，空处应用动词的现在分词形式，与空前构成现在进行时，结合语意，城市正在监控2019冠状病毒疾病，才可以在需要时采取额外的预防措施，monitoring“监控”是动词的现在分词形式，符合题意。故选G22题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年的除夕夜，时代广场几乎空无一人，詹妮弗·洛佩兹和其他艺术家在警察墙后表演。分析句子，空处应为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，结合语意，詹妮弗·洛佩兹和其他艺术家在除夕performJenniferLopezandotherartists形式作宾语补足语，performing是动词的现在分词形式，符合题意。故选EIII.ReadingComprehension(43%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForblankinthefollowingpassagefourwordsorphrasesmarkedB,andD.Fillinblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.【答案】23.B34.C【解析】24.D35.B25.B36.D26.C37.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.D【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在当今气候变暖加剧的情况下，发展可持续能源的意义十分重大。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有严格和深远的政策变化的情况下，大规模采用可再生能源的机会似乎很渺茫。A.license许可证、执照；absence缺席、不在场；application应用；D.promotion升职、促销。根据后文中“thechancesformassadoptionseemedslim”结合句意，因为缺少严格的和深远的政策变化，大众采用可再生能源的机会也变得渺茫。故选B24题详解】A.invisible不可见的；unbelievable不值得相信的；inevitable不可避免的；D.unaffordable支付不起的。根据unattractive需要选用贬义的词汇，结合第二段中takingadvantageofmorecost-effectivelow-carbontechnologies”可知这里表示负担不起。故选D25题详解】A.Insteadof而不是；Owing由于、因为；Incaseof鉴于；D.According根据。通过翻译语境可知，由于信息技术的进步，绿色的解决措施得以成功地被引进商业操作中。故选B26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着公众对这些技术的支持增加，扩大到一个完全可持续的能源系统的前景也在增加。A.resources资源；revolutions决心、措施；prospects前景；D.priorities优先权、重点。通过语境翻译可知，随着公众对于这些科技的支持上升，科技的前景规模可以上升到一个充分可持续性发展的境地。故选C27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如任何快速转型一样，对正在发生的事情的充分理解已经落后于正在发生的A.caughtup赶上；comparedtakenplaceofD.fallenbehind落后。根据后句中Manypresentproducersfindhardbelievethattheirworldundergoingarevolutionarychange”可知，很多人不相信我们的世界正在经历一个变革性的变化，说明“对正在发生的事情的充分理解”落后于正在发生的事实的。故选D28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多目前的能源生产者发现很难相信他们的世界正在经历一场革命性的变化，A.relevant题的；inferior低人一等的；synthetic合成的；D.experimentaltheirheavilypollutingtechnologiesremainandnecessaryforcome段时间内仍然具有必要性，具有必要性说明就有相关性，是有用的。故选A29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：记者们也在一定程度上谨慎地描述转型，因为他们的工作就是持怀疑态度。A.mixturecautionconflict冲突；D.approvalbecausetheirjobbesuspicious”中的“suspicious”表明，记者对待此类转变的态度是谨慎的。故选B30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：而政治家和监管者则谨慎地采用新的视角，尽管他们已经在努力跟上能源行业的变化步伐。A.case以防；sothat以至于；even即使；D.themoment一……就。根据句意，政治学家和规则制定对于采取新的观点很谨慎，但是他们已经挣扎着追赶能源行业的变化节奏，前后句构成转折，用eventhough。故选C31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以肯定的是，进步并不是没有挫折，正如最近与能源有关的温室气体排放的A.significanceinventionhappinessD.progress文语境和后文“therecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions续能源问题，这是进步的好事，但与能源有关的温室气体排放最近有增长，可推知进步并不意味着没有阻碍。故选D32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，毫无疑问，能源的未来将与最近的过去有很大的不同。A.dramatically显著地；economically节俭地；independently独立地；D.equivalently同等地。根据后文“forexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedmorecost-effectivewindandsolaroptions”可知，燃煤电厂关闭的速度比以往任何时候都要快，而新建A33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，转型的速度比我们想象的还要快，例如，燃煤发电厂的关闭速度比以往任何时候都快，新天然气发电厂的计划正被更具成本效益的风能和太阳能替代。A.interaction互动；modernization现代化；motivationD.transformationforexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedcost-effectivewindandsolaroptions”和“theshift”可知，用煤炭作为动力的工厂倒闭的很快，并且建立天然气工厂的计划被更为节省开支的风能或者太阳能所替代，可知转变比我们想象的更为快速。故选D34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且，随着向可再生能源的转变获得良好的趋势，当选官员将更容易追求更A.natural自然的；potential潜在的；positive积极的；D.original起源的。由上文“Andastheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends,beeasierforelectedofficialspursueclimate-friendlypoliciesandregulations”可知，向可再生能源的转变获得了很好的趋势，当政官员会追求更为环境友好型的政策和法规，都是积极的影响，这会形成一个积极的变化循环。故选C35题详解】A.influence影响；optimism乐观；estimation估计；D.extensiontheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends”提及的向可再生能源的转变获得了良好的态势可知，这里表示当我们拥抱乐观的时候，我们不能失去对于能源变化正在加速这一事实的把握。故选B36题详解】A.starting开始；failing失败；D.continuingtherecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions”可知，随着温室气体的持续增加，人类的未来安危未决。故选D37题详解