2024-2025学年高中英语Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNoteSectionⅢGrammar学案含解析新人教版必修3

PAGEUnit3TheMillionPoundBankNote宾语从句和表语从句语境自主领悟先视察原句后自主感悟①OliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.②ItisHenryAdams，anAmericanbusinessman，whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.③Iwonder，MrAdams，ifyou'dmindusaskingafewquestions.④Ididn'tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.⑤That'swhywe'vegivenyoutheletter.⑥Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.1.左栏6个句子中的黑体部分都是主句中的从句，这些从句在词性上相当于一个名词，故被称作名词性从句。2.句①②③④中的黑体部分属于宾语从句。3.句⑤⑥中的黑体部分属于表语从句。一、名词性从句的连接词项目连接词意义在句中的功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)(无论)谁主、宾、表whose谁的定what(ever)(无论)什么主、宾、表、定which(ever)(无论)哪个主、宾、定连接副词when(ever)(无论)何时时间状语where(ever)(无论)何地地点状语how(ever)(无论)怎么方式状语why为什么缘由状语二、宾语从句1．that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。Welearntfromhisletter(that)hewouldcometoShanghaisoon.从他的信中我们了解到他不久会来上海。[名师点津]宾语从句中两种状况中的连接词that不能省略；①引导的其次个宾语从句前的that不行省；②在动词＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语＋that引导的宾语从句中that不能省略。Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthatyouwereaskednottocareaboutit.他说你太年轻，还无法理解这件事情，你也不要去管它。Wethinkitimportantthateverycitizenshouldobeythetrafficrules.我们认为每个市民都应当遵守交通规则是很重要的。[即时训练1]单句改错①Hesaidhewouldgiveupthechanceandhewouldtryhardtolookforanotherone. 在and后加that②Wefounditstrangenoonewouldtakethemoney. 在strange后加that2．whether或if引导的宾语从句whether或if引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当成分，但是含“是否”之意，从句要用陈述语序。Iwonderwhether/ifwe'llfinishthetaskontime.我不知道我们能否按时完成这项任务。I'llseewhether/ifIcanadvisehimtoacceptit.我要看看我是否能劝他接受。[名师点津]用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的状况：①作介词的宾语时，只能用whether；②与or或ornot连用时只能用whether；③用于There'ssomedoubtwhether...句型中；Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.我们正在探讨是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。Iwanttoknowwhetherit'sgoodnewsornot.我想知道这是不是好消息。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldusethemoneytobuyanewhouse.我们探讨了是否该用这笔钱来买套新居子。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcomeintime.他是否能刚好赶到值得怀疑。3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever和连接副词when，where，how，why这些连接词都有词义，除引导从句外，还在从句中充当肯定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。Thepoliceaskedmehowtheaccidenthappened.警察问我事故是怎么发生的。(how作状语)Hewantedtoknowwhatthemanagerhadsaidatthemeeting.他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。(what作宾语)DoyouknowwhowillbesenttoworkinXinjiang?你知道会派谁去新疆工作吗？(who作主语)Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他没告知我什么时候我们再相见。(when作状语)CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthisproject?我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗？(whoever作主语)[名师点津]“疑问词＋­ever”结构的词可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。而“nomatter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句。[明辨异同]what和which引导宾语从句的区分what意为“什么”，所涉及之物无范围which意为“哪一个”，所涉及之物有范围Theywantedtoseewhichshopwouldofferthebestservice.(他们要看好几家商店)他们想看看哪家商店供应的服务最好。[即时训练2]用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空①Iwonderhowyouaregettingonwithyourstudies.②Canyoutellmewhenhewillcomeback?③Canyouhelpmetofindoutwhosewalletitis?4．it作形式宾语当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时，通常以it代替that宾语从句作形式宾语，这时that不行省略。常见的这类动词有find，think，consider，take，feel等。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。Wefinditdifficultthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.我们发觉我们按时完成工作有困难。5．宾语从句的虚拟语气表示“建议、吩咐、要求、确定、主见”等动词后的宾语从句要运用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。这类动词主要有insist，order，demand等。Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.他坚持要我们大家想尽方法按时去那儿。[巧学助记]后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀：“一二三四”一个坚持(insist)；两个吩咐(order，command)；三条建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四项要求(demand，desire，require，request)。[即时训练3]完成句子①我建议你应当保持学习和消遣的平衡。Isuggestthatyou(should)keepthebalancebetweenyourstudyandentertainment.②假如你想通过考试，我劝你要勤奋。Iadvisethatyou(should)bediligentifyouwanttopasstheexam.③我已表明我不会接受这份工作的。IhavemadeitclearthatIwillnotacceptthisjob.三、表语从句1．that引导的表语从句用法：①无意义②不充当成分③不行省略Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.他缺席的缘由是他没接到通知。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建议是我们应当告知他。2．whether引导的表语从句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.关键在于我们是否应当借钱给他。[名师点津]if不能引导表语从句。3．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.这就是我所感爱好的。That'swhereIfirstmether.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。4．because，asif/though等引导的表语从句It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.这仅仅是因为他不相识她。NowitseemsasthoughshehadknownMillieforyears.现在似乎她相识米莉已有好多年了似的。[即时训练4]用where，when，that填空①Lookatthehighmountain.Thatiswherewewillget.②Thefirsttimewemeteachotherwaswhenwestudiedinthatschool.③Myadviceisthatwe(should)worktogether.5．why和because引导的表语从句的区分That'swhy...意为“那是……的缘由”，强调结果That'sbecause...意为“那是因为……”，强调缘由Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'swhyshegotangrywithme.(强调“没打电话”这一结果)我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的缘由。Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'sbecauseIgotangrywithher.(强调“生气”这一缘由)我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。[即时训练5]用why，that，because填空①Itwasraininghard；thatwaswhyIcamelate.②Icamelate；thatwasbecauseitwasraininghard.③ThereasonwhyIcamelatewasthatitwasraininghard.6．表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的吩咐、要求、恳求、建议、确定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should＋动词原形”(should可以省略)。Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建议是你应当尽可能常常地练习说英语。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Haveyoudecidedwhereyouaregoingtohaveyourholiday?2．Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20，halfofwhatitusedtocharge.3．SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary，andIadmittedthatIhadn't.4．Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.5．Ashipinharborissafe，butthat'snotwhatshipsarebuiltfor.6．WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming，sowecanbookaroomforhim.7．Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.8．Anewneighbourhood