初中英语语法全解全练中考英语语法形容词专项复习

中考英语语法专项复习形容词考点分析考点分析中考对形容词考查的频率很高，对形容词的考查主要侧重词文辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记形容词比较级的构成及用法，以及与频率相关的形容词及形容词短语的用法，特别要注意以­ed和­ing结尾的形容词的用法和区别。对于形容词的考察，通常出现在语法填空或完形填空中。知识梳理知识梳理一、形容词的句法作用形容词的句法作用作定语形容词的句法作用作定语作表语作宾语补足语形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。1.=1\*GB3①作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后.Thenicegirlismysister.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.=2\*GB3②有少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语,如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well等.2.作表语,放在系动词之后.形容词作表语,与系动词be,grow,get,bee,feel,appear,seem,look,smell,sound,taste,turn,remain,keep等连用.Helooksveryhappy.Inautumntheleavesturnyellow.3.作宾补,放在宾语之后.Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.Pleaseleavethedooropen.、、形容词在句子中的位置思维导图记知识点形容词在句子中的位置形容词在句子中的位置作定语时放在名词的前面且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前作表语时放在连系动词之后作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后后置的情况修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：abigyellowwoodenwheel(一个黄色的大木轮)作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：Thepricesoundsreasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：Wemusttryourbesttokeepourenvironmentclean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)后置的情况：修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Somethingserioushashappenedtohim.(他发生了严重的事故)教育网版权所有与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：He’s1.8metrestall.(他身高1.8米。)Themoonisabout380,000kilometresawayfromtheearth.(月球离地38万公里)形容词的原级、比较级和最高级思维导图记知识点形容词的原级、形容词的原级、比较级和最高级分类规则变化不规则变化形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法原级比较级最高级=1\*ROMANI、分类：形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。=2\*ROMANII、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.=3\*ROMANIII、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)=4\*ROMANIV.形容词的原级的用法1.说明人或事物自身的特征,性质或状态时用形容词原级.Theflowersinthegardenarebeautiful.2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级.Theboyistooyoung.3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级.=1\*GB3①肯定句中的结构:"A...+as+形容词原级+as+B".EnglishisasinterestingasChinese.=2\*GB3②否定句中的结构:"A...+as/so+形容词原级+as+B".Thisbookisn'tsonewasthatone.部分双音节和多音节形容词的否定句的结构相当于"less+形容词原级+than".HethinksChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.=3\*GB3③表示"A是B的....倍"时,用"A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B"结构(一倍:once;两倍:twice;三倍及以上: 基数词+times)Ourschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.=4\*GB3④halfas+形容词原级+as表示"....是....的一半".Herroomishalfasbigasyours.=5\*ROMANV.形容词比较级的用法1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为"A...+比较级+than+B"Lily'sroomisbiggerthanmine.备注:为了避免重复,常用theone,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词.其中theone代替可数名词单 数形式,theones或those代替可数名词复数形式,that代替不可数名词.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhouinwinter.★2.alittle,abit,agreatdeal,alot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级.Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.3.表示两者之间进行选择"哪一个更....."时,用句型"which/whois+形容词比较级,AorB?"表示.4.表示"大几倍"时,用"倍数+比较级+than"表示.Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.5.表示"两者之间比较....的一个(ofthetwo)"时,常用"the+比较级"结构.Maryisthetallerofthetwins.6.表示"越来越...",用比较级重叠结构,即"比较级+and+比较级",当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时, 用"moreandmore+形容词原级".It'sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.7.表示"越...就越...."时,用"the+比较级,the+比较级"结构.Themore,thebetter.8.farther和furtherfar的比较级是farther和further.其用法区别是:在谈论地点,方向或距离时,farther和further可以互换.但 further还有"更多,进一步,此外,而且"等含义,这时不能与farther互换使用.Thereisagasstationafewmilesfartherdowntheroad.Wemustgetfurtherinformation.9.older和elderold的比较级是older是elder.older常用于比较的句型中,表示"较老的,较旧的,年级较大的".elder一般用 于比较年龄的长幼,指血缘,意为"年长的".Yourbikeisolderthanmine.He'solderthanyou.He'smyelderbrother.10.在同一范围内比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外.ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.=6\*ROMANVI.形容词最高级的用法.1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式.形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟 一个in/of短语来表示范围.ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用"which/whois+the+最高级,A,BorC?"结构.Whichcityisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,ShanghaiorHangzhou?3.表示"最..的...之一"时,用"oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式".ZhouJielunisoneofthemostpopularsingers.4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示"第几最....".TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词.Thisisourbestlessontoday.Mondayismybusiestday.★6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义.LiLeiisthetalleststudentinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.=NooneisastallasLiLeiinhisclass.=NooneistallerthanLiLeiinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.=LiLeiistallerthantherestofthestudentsinhisclass.7.of和in用于最高级结构中的区别of表示对象范围,of后的名词与主语是同一概念范围;in表示环境范围,in后的名词和主语不是同一概念 范畴.Tomisthetallestboyofthefour.Tomisthetallestboyintheclass.考点考点突破考点一：作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，bee，get(变)，make(使)，turn(变)，keep(保持)，feel，look(看起来)，seem，smell，sound，taste。作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。典例1：(2016，济宁)—HaveyouheardthesongStayHereForever?—Yes.Itsounds______．

A．well

B．LoudlyC．sweet

D．beautifully

【解析】sounds在此作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后接形容词作表语，故排除B、D两项。well作形容词，意为“健康的”。

【答案】C举一反三1.(2013，莱芜)Fredisalways______becauseheoftendoessomethinggoodforhishealthoutdoors.

A．weak

B．nervous

C．serious

D．energetic【版权所有：21教育】(2014，重庆)—Thatclothesstoreis______onweekends.—Isee.I'llgotherenextMondaythen.A．open

B．close

C．opened

D．closed3.(2016贵州铜仁)—Thereissomething___________intoday’snewspaper.—ReallyWow,great!A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.interests4.(2017·广东深圳·15)—Shegotfullmarksinthemathexam.—Herparentswere________her.A.satisfiedwithB.tiredofC.worriedabout5.(2017·黑龙江哈尔滨·6)Calligraphy(书法)isatraditionalChineseart.Moreandmorekidsarebeing________init.A.interestB.interestedC.interesting考点二：①表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。②只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。③貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。典例1：(2016黑龙江哈尔滨)XiJinping，our_______president，paidavisittoHarbinlastmonth，Howencouraging!A.63yearsoldB.63years'oldC.63yearold【解析】句意：习近平，我们的六十三岁的总书记，上个月到哈尔滨视察，多么的令人鼓舞！A.63yearsold六十三岁，表示年龄；B.63years'old结构错误C.63yearold六十三岁的，复合形容词，用来修饰名词。结合句意，故选C。[来源:学§科§网]【答案】C举一反三1.(2017·山东泰安·22)Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya________springholidayeachyear.A.ten­dayB.tendayC.tenday'sD.tendays2.Wewillhavea_____holidayaftertheexam.A．twomonthB．twomonthC．twomonthsD．twomonths考点三：形容词常用句型1.“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb+be+adj+todosth注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite，clever，foolish，lazy，careful，careless，right（正确的），wrong等。It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.（=Youareverykindtohelpme.）2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=Todosthisadjforsb.注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。It’snoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.（=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.）3.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。I’mverysadtohearthebadnews.表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。典例1：1.1.(2017·四川宜宾·26)Itis________forhimtogettoschoolontime，becauseitisraining________.A.hard；hardlyB.hardly；hardC.hard；hard【解析】句意：准时上学对他来说很难，因为雨下得很大。第一个空放在系动词is后面，应用形容词hard，意思是“困难的”；第二个空修饰动词raining，应用副词hard，意思是“猛烈的”。故选C。【答案】C举一反三It’sverykindyoutohelpmeAofBforCtoIt’snoteasyforthemaforeignlanguage.AtolearnBlearningClearnt【答案】A考点四：形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法典例1：(2016江苏南通)—Whataboutyesterday'sdragondance?—Oh，it'soneI'veeverseen．A．amostwonderfulB．morewonderfulC．themostwonderfulD．amorewonderful【解析】句意：昨天的舞龙怎么样？——哦，这是我见到的最精彩的一次。I'veeverseen．我所见到的，表示范围，应该用最高级来表达。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the。故答案为C。考点：考查形容词最高级的用法。[【答案】C举一反三1.【2016江苏南通】Bobisoneof_____boysinClass1,Grade9.A.clever B.cleverer C.themostclever D.thecleverest2.(2016湖南衡阳)Bobisasmartboss!Yes,soheis.Heknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.Andhealwaysdoestheworkwith__moneyand__people.A.less;lessB.fewer;lessC.less;fewer3.(2016江苏宿迁)WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieZootopia?Itis_______oneI’veeverseen.A.moreexcitedB.moreexcitingC.themostexcitedD.themostexciting4..(2016，重庆)—Thatclothesstoreis______onweekends.—Isee.I'llgotherenextMondaythen.(2014，重庆)A．openB．closeC．openedD．closed5.(2014，济宁)—HaveyouheardthesongStayHereForever?—Yes.Itsounds______．A．wellB．loudlyC．sweetD．beautifully6.Fredisalways______becauseheoftendoessomethinggoodforhishealthoutdoors.(2013，莱芜)A．weakB．nervousC．seriousD．energetic7.(2017·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·7)Ourcountryisgetting________.Weareproudofit.A.moreandmorestrongB.strongandstrongC.strongerandstronger8.(2017·北京·24)Thehotelisveryold.It'soneof________buildingsinthecity.A.oldB.olderC.oldestD.theoldest9.(2017·湖北随州·28)—HaveyouseenthemovieBabyPlan?【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】—Ofcourse.Ithinkit's________movieIhaveeverseen.A.funnyB.funnierC.themostfunnyD.thefunniest10.(2017·湖南邵阳·25)Mr.Smithsaidhissonwasas________ashisdaughter.A.hard­workingB.morehard­workingC.themosthard­working11.(2017·山东滨州·26)—HowdoyoulikeChinesePoetrypetitiononCCTV?—Wonderful!It'sthe________programI'veeverwatched.betterB.bestC.worseD.worstKey:15:DCDDC611:DCDDAB真题在线真题在线单选题1.(2017·内蒙古包头·23)—Wouldyouliketogomountainclimbingwithus?21*cnjy*—I'mafraidnot.That'sthe________thingintheworldIwanttodo.A.veryB.bestC.lastD.first2.(2017·吉林长春·20)Nothingis________thankeepingtryingifyouwanttoachieveyourdream.A.veryimportantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.asimportantas3.(2017·湖北恩施·27)Amongthesechildren，Jimhas________lifeandhelives________.A.themosthappy；mosthappilyB.thehappiest；mosthappilyC.thehappiest；happiest4.(2017·贵州黔西南·15)Winteris________season，andwintervacationis________thansummervacation.A.colder；theshortestB.thecoldest；shortC.thecoldest；shorterD.cold；shorter5.(2017·贵州黔东南·32)—I'mtoofat.HowcanIbeehealthier?—Youshouldeat________vegetablesandtake________exercise.A.less；moreB.less；lessC.more；moreD.more；less6.(2017·云南昆明·31)AllthestudentsinourclassareoverfifteenexceptNick.Heis________inourschool.A.youngerB.olderC.theyoungestD.theoldest7.(2017·内蒙古呼和浩特·6)—Howareyoutoday，Tom?—I'meven________.Idon'tthinkthismedicineisgoodforme.A.worseB.badlyC.betterD.well8．(2017·山东滨州·29)—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieTheFateoftheFurious8?—Itis________！Ienjoyitverymuch.A.friendlyB.fantasticC.awfulD.noisy9.(2017·海南·33)EveryoneknowstheYellowRiverisn'tso________astheYangtzeRiver.A.longB.longerC.longest10.(2017·湖北孝感·23)—Goodnews!Igotthelasttickettotheconcert.—How________youare!A.activeB.strangeC.luckyD.funny11.(2017·湖北宜昌·37)—Thelivingconditionsinthecountrysidehaveimprovedgreatlyinrecentyears.—Thefarmersarelivingamuch________lifethanbefore.A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.happiest12.(2017·山东菏泽·25)Asweallknow，Hezeis________itspeony(牡丹).Itattractsmillionsofvisitorsfromhomeandabroadeveryyear.A.popularwithB.well­knownasC.famousfor13.(2017·湖北襄阳·39)—Chinaisover5,000yearsold.It'soneof________countriesintheworld.—Yes.Ithasmuch________historythantheUSA.A.old；longB.older；longerC.older；thelongestD.theoldest；longer14.(2017·山东德州·29)AssoonasIheardthenewsthatIpassedthedrivingtest，Ifelt________atonce.A.angryB.relaxedC.afraidD.nervous15.(2017·重庆A卷·30)Thephysicsproblemistoohard，so________studentscanworkitout.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew16.(2017·福建·27)TFBOYShasalotoffans.It________thousandsofyoungpeople.21·世纪*教育网A.ispopularwithB.issatisfiedwithC.isstrictwith21cnjy17.(2017·河南·24)Mihois________studentbecauseshewasbornlaterthananyoneelseinherclass.A.youngB.youngerC.theyoungerD.theyoungest18.(2017·安徽·40)Mydeskmateisreally________.Shelikestoattenddifferentactivitiesafterschool.A.activeB.quietC.lazyD.honest19.(2017·甘肃白银·13)“Letusmovealittlefaster.Wedonothave________timeleft，”saidthetourguide.A.fewB.littleC.manyD.muchKey:15:CBBCC610:CABAC1115:BCDBB1619:ADAD模拟模拟演练1.(2017·江苏南通·12)Ifailedtocatchthelastbusonthatcoldwinternight.Icouldn'tfeel________then.A.moreexcitedB.moreterribleC.themostexcitedD.themostterrible【出处：21教育名师】2.(2017·天津·27)Helpingothersmakesusvery________.A.lonelyB.proudC.lazyD.harmful3.(2017·安徽·35)—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?—Great!Ihaveneverseena________one.A.goodB.badC.betterD.worse4.(2017·江苏连云港·8)—HowdoyoulikethesongChengdusungbyZhaoLei?—Oh，Ihaveneverenjoyeda________onebefore.worstB.bestC.worseD.better5.(2017·江苏苏州·12)Millie，nowgotohaveanicebathandanearlynight，sothatyouwillbe________forthejourneytomorrow.A.safeB.patientC.freshD.natural6.(2017·江苏泰州·3)Mylittlesisterisa(n)________girlandshealwaysasksmedifferentkindsofstrangequestions.A.curiousB.creativeC.energeticD.attractive7.(2017·江苏宿迁·8)Danielis________histwinbrother.Theyareboth1.75metrestall.A.tallerthanB.shorterthanC.astallasD.sotallas8.(2017·江苏盐城·7)Ifeltmuch________afterItoldtheproblemstomyclosefriend.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best9.(2017·江苏扬州·6)—Whatareyoureading?—Abookaboutabaseballplayer.Thisguywaswell________forhisdevotiontocharitywork.enjoyedB.respectedC.behavedD.expected10.(2017·江苏扬州·8)Mrs.Whiteis________enoughtospendhersparetimeonourmathsproblems.A.confidentB.curiousC.wiseD.generous11.(2017·江西·32)—Iwanttobuyashirt.ButIhavealittlemoney.—Theshirtshereareallvery