英语（上海A卷）-2023年高考第一次模拟考试卷（考试版）A3

2023年高考英语第一次模拟考试卷高三英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：115分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheSouthChinaNationalBotanicalGardenwasinauguratedinGuangzhou,capitalofGuangdongProvince,onMonday.___1___(build)onthecurrentSouthChinaBotanicalGardenintheeasternpartofthecity,___2___(it)establishmentwasapprovedbytheStateCouncilinJune,____3____aimstostrengthentheconservationandscientificresearchoftropicalandsubtropicalplantsofSouthChina,aswellasthedevelopmentneedsoftheGuangdongHongKongMacaoGreaterBayArea.With333hectaresofexhibitionandscientificresearchareas,itistheworld’slargestsouthsubtropicalbotanicalgarden____4____oneofChina’soldest____5____(institution)forbotanicalresearchandconservation.Thegardenhasthreeresearchcenters,twonationallevelfieldstationsandthreekeylaboratoriesoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.Inthenextthree____6____fiveyears,anationalplantconservationcenterwillbeestablishedthereto____7____(effective)protect95percentofrareandendangeredplantsinSouthChina.Thegardenwillshowcasetheharmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature,andshowrespecttonatureby____8____(put)conservationfirstandsharingitsbenefits.”ThegardenwilldemonstratethecharmofChinesecultureandbiodiversity,andinnovations____9____(encourage)initsconstruction.Meetinginternationalstandards,ourNationalBotanicalGardenwillbebuiltwithChinesecharacteristics,“theStateCouncilsaid.Therapid_____10_____(grow)oftheChineseeconomyanditsstrongerresearchcapabilitieshaveundoubtedlylaidthefoundationforthedevelopmentofitsbiodiversityconservationefforts.SectionBDirections:A．appear

B．faded

C．immediately

D．ordinary

E.overlooked

F.pairingsG.progressively

H.signals

I.translate

J.underwent

K.unexpected

Mixingsenses:synaesthesiataughttoadultsBraintrainingforsynaesthesia—whereyoumixupsensoryinformation—maybejustaroundthecorner.Peoplehavebeentaughttoexperienceaformofsynaesthesiawhereletters___11___ascertaincolours,intheireverydaylife.Bytheendofthenineweekcourse,mostofthevolunteerswereseeingtextintherealworldtakeonparticularcolours,onroadsigns,forexample.“Thecolour___12___popsintomyheadassoonasIsawthewordsontheroadsign,”saidoneparticipant.Synaesthesiaisthoughttoresultfrompeople’sbrainsdevelopinginsuchawaythattheirsensory___13___getmixedup.So“Tuesday”mightevoke(导致)thecolourpink,forexample,ortheword“tree”mighttastelikepopcorn.Earlylifeexperiencesmayplayarole—somesynaesthetesreportthattheirlettercolour___14___matchthecoloursofachildhoodalphabetorfridgemagnets.Butisitsomethingyoucanlearnasanadult?Twoyearsagoresearchersmadesomeaspectsoftheconditionbygettingpeopletoreadbookswheresomeoftheletterswereprintedincertaincolours.Thisimprovedtheirscoresontestsbutdidn’t___15___outofthelab.Whatifpeople___16___moreintensetraining?DanielBorattheUniversityofSussex,UK,gavepeopledailyhalfhourtrainingcoursestoteachthem13lettercolourassociations,using___17___hardertasks.Thevolunteersalsopractisedwithspeciallycolouredebooks.Aswellaspassingthelabtests,9ofthe14volunteersreportedseeingcolouredletterstovaryingextentswhentheyread___18___blacktext.Manysaweffectsbyweekfive,andsomehadsynaestheticexperiencesdaily.Theirpower___19___oncethetrainingstopped.Thetraininghada(n)___20___benefittoo.Thevolunteersgained12pointsinIQtestsbytheendoftraining.However,thismaybeageneralbenefitofintensivetrainingwithmemoryrelatedtasks,saysBor,whoaddsthathemayinfutureputthetrainingtoolsonline.Readingprehension(21–35题，每题1分；36–50题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.WehadtwoadorablecatsnamedBooandScout.Scoutateanythingwegaveand____21____spendinghisdaysinthefortablecouch(长沙发)whileBoowas____22____infoodandmoreadventurous.Moreover,Boowasmoreobservant,andhe____23____tolearnskillsveryquickly.ThoughBoohadhisdailyoutdoor____24____,healwaysreturnedhomeatnighttosleepinthebasementwithScout.Ourbasementwas____25____fromtherestofthehousebyaheavydoor.Inthemorning,IfounditdifficulttoknowwhenBoowasreadytoventureoutsideorwhenScoutwasreadytotestthe____26____ofthecouch.Bothcatswouldsitquietlybehindthedoor____27____Ihappenedtorememberthemoropenedthedoorforsomereason.Todealwiththedoorproblem,Iboughtacatbellwithabutton.Itriedto____28____BooandScouttopressthebuttontomakearingingsoundwhentheywantedout.IassumedthatBoowouldgraspthe____29____quickly,butIwasn’tsureifScoutwouldunderstand._____30_____,withinaweek,Scoutlearnedtoringthebell.WhenIheardthe_____31_____,I’dopenthedoor.However,despitemybest_____32_____,Boowantedtodonothingwiththebell.Hewouldalways_____33_____thedoortobeopened.Fortunately,thetwocats_____34_____thedoordilemmaontheirown.Somehow,Boo_____35_____torubnoseswithScoutwhenhewantedtogooutsideandScoutwouldringthebellforBoo.21．A．missed B．risked C．enjoyed D．avoided22．A．careless B．selective C．experienced D．normal23．A．seemed B．continued C．pretended D．desired24．A．dilemmas B．assignments C．adventures D．holidays25．A．removed B．separated C．protected D．forbidden26．A．softness B．beauty C．pressure D．value27．A．after B．if C．though D．until28．A．teach B．force C．elect D．bear29．A．proposal B．plan C．theory D．skill30．A．Undoubtedly B．Generally C．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately31．A．sigh B．whisper C．scream D．ring32．A．pursuits B．schedules C．efforts D．requirements33．A．breakup B．waitfor C．knockat D．callon34．A．analyzed B．solved C．found D．accepted35．A．began B．agreed C．failed D．happenedSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）ThepeonyhasgainedextraordinarysupportinanonlinevotetobechosenasChina’snationalflower.Thefinalresultofthepoll,initiatedbytheChinaFlowerAssociation,willbeunveiledonFriday.ThefivedaysofvotingbeganonMonday,andanofficialfromtheassociationrevealedthatthepeonyhascollectedmorethan90percentofthevotestodateamong10options.“Wearesteppingintotheneweraandthecountryiswitnessingsocialprosperity,”theofficialsaid.“Peoplealsohavebetterlivingconditions.Itistimetohaveanofficialnationalflowerthatcanrepresentourstateimageandthenation’sspirit.”Accordingtotheassociation,China’snationalflowershouldmeetfourstandards:ItshouldoriginateinChinaandhavealonghistoryinmanyregions;itshouldbebeautifulinshapeandcolor,torepresenttheChinesecultureandpersonality;itshouldhaveaprofoundhistoricalcultureandbewidelyknowntothepublic;anditshouldbeextensivelyusedinmanyfieldswithapetitiveecologicalandeconomicvaluethatcouldbenefitthepublic.“ThepeonywasthenationalflowerintheTangDynasty(618907).Apartfromornamental(观赏的)value,italsohasbeenusedasafoodandatraditionalChineseherb,forwhichithasstrongeconomicvalue,”Dongsaid.“ItiswidelyknownbyChinesepeople.Evenmy10yearoldsonandhisclassmatesinprimaryschoolhavevotedforit.”ByWednesdayafternoon,nearly600,000peoplehadjoinedinthediscussiononWeChat,withabout470,000agreeingthatthenationalflowershouldbeonlyonecertainflower.Amongseveralcolorsbeingconsidered,theredpeonyhasgainedthegreatestsupportfromthepublicwithnearly30,000votesonSinaWeibo,followedbywhiteandyellow.Manynetizenssaidtheydidn’trealizethatChinahasnonationalflower.Infact,manypeoplesaidtheyhadalreadyacceptedthepeonyasthenationalfloweryearsbeforetheysawthevote.36．Whatismostprobablythisarticle?A．Anintroductiontoaflower. B．Anewsreportaboutavote.C．Anadforaflower. D．Apublicnoticeofavote.37．Whatpartofthevotingisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Theprocedure. B．Thestandard. C．Thereason. D．Theresult.38．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspeonybeingchosenasChina’snationalflower?A．negative B．supportive C．unclear D．intolerant39．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Peonyleadsnationalflowervoting.B．Neweracallsfornewnationalflower.C．Peonychangesnationalflowerstandards.D．Peonyrepresentsnation’simageandspirit.（B）Timehasalwaysbeenofgreatinteresttoscientist…Theory1:AccordingtoCaltechcosmologist(宇宙学家)DrSeanCarroll,theflowoftimefrompasttofuturemaybethesymptomofourUniversehavingemergedfromanotheruniversethatexistedbeforetheBigBangandthengavebirthtoourown.Theory2:In1967,twoAmericantheoristscameupwithanequationdescribingthequantum(量子)stateofthewholeUniverse.KnownastheWheelerDeWittequation,itincludesmanykeyfeaturesoftheuniverse,suchasitssize.Butoneaspectisabsent:time.Sometheoristsbelievethisimpliesthattimeonlyexistsinourminds.Theory3:AccordingtotheoristProfLeeSmolinatthePerimeterInstitute,Canada,theexistenceoflifeintheUniverseistheresultofthelawsofphysicsevolvingtotheircurrentstateoveranunlimitednumberofpreviousuniverses.Iftrue,thismeansthatourveryexistenceisproofthattimedoesexist.Theory4:In2009,physicistsattheuniversitiesofBristolandCambridgeshowedthatthepassingoftimerevealedby,say,thecoolingofacupoftea,maybeduetoquantumeffectcalled‘entanglement’.Thisinvolvestheparticles(粒子)intheteaminteractingwiththeirsurroundings,beingboundtogetherandbeinghardertodistinguishfromeachother—aonewayprocessthatrequirestheforwardprogressionoftimetooccur.Theory5:Darkenergy,themysteriousantigravitationalforcethatdrivestheexpansionoftheUniverse,maybelinkedtotheexistenceofthearrowoftime.Lastyear,twocosmologistsattheYerevanPhysicsInstituteshowedthatdarkenergyleadstothegrowthofentropy,ameasureofdisorder,intheUniverse.40．Allthefivetheoriesimplythat_____.A．timeisflexible B．timeisconstantC．timedoesgoforthandback D．timedoesexistinsomeway41．Whichtheorydoesn’tincludetime?A．Theory1. B．Theory2.C．Theory3. D．Theory4.42．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofdarkenergy?A．Itleadstotheexistenceofmultiuniversities.B．Itiswhatkeepstheuniverseinorder.C．Itincreasesinstrengthwithgravity.D．Itiswhatmakestheuniversegetbigger.（C）WangShuangwasjustfivewhenherparentsdivorced,droppedheratheruncle’sandleft.Football,asitoftenis,becameanescape.Atseven,shewasspottedbycoachXuYilong,whofoundWangquickinherplayfulbehaviour.Astheonlygirlintheboys’team,Wang’sperformanceswereimpressive,earningherthenickname“IronGirl.”Andsoon,shesensedthesport’spower.Footballallowedherto“releaseherself“andrealize”whateverhappens,footballneverleavesyoualone.”However,lifewasneversmoothsailing.Theconstantjibes(嘲讽)fromsomepeople,whoalwaystriedtopushherdownanddestroyherhopes,affectedhersodeeplythatshelostconfidence.“TheyweresayingIhadnotalentatall.Gradually,Ifeltreallyso.”Wangoncewrote.Butneverdidshestopplaying.Whenshewascalleduptothenationalteam,aged17,Wangthought,“Me?Areyousure?”Whenaworldfamousclubwantedtosignher,shewas“excitedthatanexcellentcoachthoughtIwasgood.”Itwasonlythenthatshefeltconfidentinherabilities.“Ifeltrecognized.PerhapsIhadabitoftalentafterall.”Notany“bitoftalent”;thegeniusispraisedasChina’sonceinagenerationplayer.Chinaisapioneerofwomen’sfootballinAsiaandhaswonthecontinentalchampionshipeighttimes,includingsevenstraighttitlesbetween1986and1999.Thatwastheirgoldenage.Gradually,though,thedynastydeclined.ItishopedthatWangwillinspirethewomen’sfootballofthecountrytoitsformerheight.Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiwasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam,shecouldn’tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage,Wangdidnotletherteamdown.Whentheylackedaqualityball,shedeliveredtwohighassiststhatfinallyledherteamintothelastfourclash(四分之一决赛).“Nobodyknowshowharditwas,”declaredWangafterthematch.“Weovercamedifficulties.Wealsoshowedourstrongspiritualpower.Iamproudofmyteam.”43．WhatcanweinferaboutWangfromthe2ndparagraph?A．Sheearnedalivingonherown. B．Shewasreleasedfromtheteam.C．Shewaslaughedatbytheboys. D．Shefoundasenseofbelonging.44．HowdidWangregainfaithinherabilities?A．Bywinningrecognition. B．Byobtaininginspiration.C．Byplayinginthenationalteam. D．Byignoringotherpeople’sjibes.45．WhichwouldbestdescribecoachShui’sattitudetoWang?A．Conservative. B．Contradictory.C．Favourable. D．Critical.46．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．WangShuang:ASteelRose B．WangShuang:AChildGeniusC．WangShuang:AFootballPioneer D．WangShuang:AGoldenAgeCreatorSectionCDirections:thefollowingpassages.ineachblankwithasentenceintheEachsentencebethatsentencesneed.QuietPowerSince2011,peoplearoundtheworldhavebeencelebratingWorldIntrovertDayonJanuary2.Thewordintrovertdescribesapersonalitytype.______47______Theyarelikelytofeeldrainedbyenvironmentsthatarehighlystimulatingandmayoftenneedtogotoaquietplacetorecharge.WorldIntrovertDaybeganwithablogpostfromGermanpsychologistFelicitasHeyne.Shesuggestedthatintrovertsareoftenmisunderstood,andtheirmentalhealthsuffersbecausepopularcultureisdominatedbyextroverts.HerideawastocelebrateWorldIntrovertDaytoraiseawarenessofthesocialchallengesthatintrovertsface._____48_____Therearemanyfamousintrovertsinartandscience,suchasAlbertEinstein.CharlesDarwin,J.K.Rowling,andLadyGaga.Itisbelievedthatmanyintrovertshaveagreatabilitytofocusandstrongpowersofimagination.AfterthenoisyNewYearcelebrationsareover,peoplecansetasideonedayforsomequiettimebythemselvesorwithsomeintrovertedfriends._____49_____Theoppositeofanintrovertiscalledanextrovert.Extrovertsloveconnectingwithotherpeople,workwellingroups,andareusuallyveryconfident.Whenintrovertsdon’tfitintogroupsofextroverts,theymaybeseenascold,uninterested,ortimid.Popularculturetellsusthatitisimportanttonetwork,socialize,andmunicate,butallofthiscanmakeintrovertsfeelunfortable.Scientistsarestudyingwhatcausessomeonetobeanintrovertoranextrovert.Recentstudiesshowthatgenesareafactor,andmostpeopleseemtobebornwithonepersonalitytypeortheother._____50_____Ourenvironmentandexperiencesalsoinfluencewhetherweareintrovertedorextroverted.Thetermambivertdescribessomeonewhoisrightinthemiddle.Nomatterwhatpersonalitytypewehave,wecanalwayscelebrateourdifferencesandlearnfromeachother.A．Itwouldalsocelebratethecontributionsofintrovertsthroughouthistory.B．Thebrainofanintrovertcanresponddramaticallytoaverymildstimulus.C．Youneverknowwhatnewideasyoumightfindwhenyouslowdowntoenjoysomepeaceandquiet.D．Introvertedpeopleareknowntolivewithuniquechallengesandgift.E．Introvertedpeopledon'trequirealotofsocialcontact,andtheyenjoyspendingtimealone.F．Partofwhatmakesusintrovertedorextrovertedishowourbrainsrespondtotheworldaroundus.SummaryWriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Apsychologistoncesaid.“Ifyou’veconqueredeveryoneofyourfears,congratulations—you’redead.”Thishumorousquotepointstoasimpletruth—noonecanescapefearpletely.However,fearcanbeagoodthing.Itisanatural,healthyreactiontodanger.Infact,sometimesweareafraidofthingsthataren’tdangeroussuchaspublicspeaking,failingatestorbeingrejected.Theseunhealthyfearscankeepusfromachievingourdreams.Sohowcanwesuccessfullyfaceourfears?First,admitwhatyoufearandthenshareitwithsomeoneyoutrust.Perhapsyouworrythatotherswouldlookdownonyouiftheyknowwhatyoufear,butyoumightbesurprisedathowmanyotherpeoplesharethesamefears.Learningyou’renottheonlyonewhofearssomethingwillgiveyouselfesteem(自尊心)apush.Second,askyourself,“Whatistheworstscenario(最坏的情况)?”Thisquestioncanhelpyougainperspective(洞察力).Ifyouthinkaboutit,theworstmightnotbethatbad,afterall.paredwiththefearoflosingacontestorbeingturneddown,theregretofhavingmissedopportunitiescanbeevenhardertobear.Evenworse,youwillneverknowwhatyoumighthaveacplished.Finally,takemorestepstowardconqueringyourfears.Ifyoufearpublicspeaking,startbygivingasmalltalktoafewpeople.Ifyourtalkdoesn’tgowell,tryagain.Eachsmallsuccesswillincreaseyourconfidenceandpersistenceisoneofthekeystosuccess.Youmightneverpletelyconqueryourfearofcertainthings,butwhatisimportantisthatyoucanbringyourselftodowhatyoufear.Truebraveryisfeelingafraidbutdoingwhatyouhavetodoanyway.It’salsotruethatyoustrugglewithfear