2025年新高考全国卷英语适应性模拟测试卷5（含答案）

第第页2025年新高考全国卷英语适应性模拟测试卷5第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALouisPasteuroncesaid,“Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.”That'sthetruthbehindthefollowinginventions—thescientistswerepreparedandwereabletoseethemagicinamistake.MauveIn1856,WilliamPerkinwastryingtocomeupwithanartificialmedicine,buthisexperimentsproducedathickmess.ButthemorePerkinlookedatit,themorehesawabeautifulcolorinhismess.Itturnedoutthathehadmademauve,thefirst-eversyntheticdye(合成染料),whichwasfarbetterthananynaturaldyes:Thecolorwasbrighter,clearer,andwouldn'tfadeorwashout.SuperglueThissuper-stickysubstancewasdiscoveredbyaccident—twice!ChemistHarryCooverhadbeenattemptingtomakeclearplasticgunsights,andin1942onemethodhetestedproducedanextremelyquickbondingadhesive(黏合剂).Itwasuselessforhisgunsights,though,andheforgotaboutituntilalmosttenyearslater,whenhecameacrossitagainwhiledevelopingheat-resistantpartsforairplanes.Thistimeherealizeditspotential,andtheproductwasputonthemarket.PlasticIn1907,shellac(虫胶)wasusedinelectronics.Itwascostly,soAmericanchemistLeoBaekelandtriedtoproduceanalternative.Instead,hisexperimentsproducedamaterialthatcouldtakehightemperatures.Helaterdevelopeditintoplastic,anditwassoonusedintheproductionofalmosteverything.TeflonBackinthe1930s,youngchemistRoyPlunkettwasworkingtomakeanewkindofCFCforrefrigeration.Afterstoringthegasincertaincontainers,heopenedonetodiscoverthatithadchangedintoawhitepowderthatwasextremelystickyandhadaveryhighmeltingpoint.Threeyearslater,thesubstance,whichwasnamedTeflon,waspatented.21.Whichinventioncameoutearliest?A.Mauve. B.Superglue. C.Plastic. D.Teflon.22.Whorecognizedthevalueofhisoriginalinventionwhendevelopingairplaneparts?A.WilliamPerkin. B.HarryCoover.C.LeoBaekeland. D.RoyPlunkett.23.Whatdotheinventionshaveincommon?A.Theyweremadebyaccident.B.Theycouldtakehightemperatures.C.Theyreceivednorecognitionatfirst.D.Theycouldbeusedinmedicalfields.BWefindtheowlattheveryedgeofourwoodsthemorningafterthestorm,wingsflight-frozenandroundeyesglassy.ItouchitsfeatherslightlywithmyfingertipandI'msurprisedbecausetheystillfeelrealeventhoughtheowlhasslippedawaysomewhereelseandDadisalreadydiggingaholeforitintherain-soakedearth.Iliftitsbodyandit'shugeinmyhands,butthehollow(中空的)bonesdomostoftheworkforme,andIalmostthinktheowlmightshakethestiffnessfromitsfeathersandflyaway.Ireallydon'tthinkthisoneshouldgointoaholeintheground.IsaythattoDadandhesaysthatit'sthecircleoflifeandthatnowtheowlwillbecomepartofnatureagain.Feedingthesoilwithitsfleshandgrowingtherootsofplantsfromitsfeathers.Dadshiftsthelastofthedirtwithhisspadeandsitsdownatthebaseofatreewithapuffofairthatsmokesaroundhim.Iputthebirdintheholeandmarkitwithasmoothpebble(鹅卵石)soI'llalwaysknow.Afterwe'veburiedtheowl,wewalkallaroundthewoodsandcleartheworstofthedamagefromthewindsandtherain.Thedamageisn'tasbadasit'sbeenbeforeanditfeelslikethestormhascleanedeverythingbacktobeingnewandfresh.IusemyhawkeyesandsearchthegroundinflicksandsweepsandIfindtreasuresintherain-rakedearthjustlikealways.PiecesofpotteryandsomethingthatcouldbeaRomancoin.Islipthemintomypocketandtheybumpagainsteachothertotelltheirstoriestome,butI'lllistenlater.IhelpDadloadthebestofthefallenbranchesontothetrailersowecancutthemforfirewoodormaybeabonfire,andthenwedriveoverthemuddypathsandbacktoourhouse.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheowlwhentheauthorfindsit?A.Itisalreadydead.B.Itishiddeninahole.C.Itistoostifftoflyaway.D.Itistryingtofleethewoods.25.Whydoestheauthormarktheholewithapebble?A.Tofacilitatefuturevisits.B.Toshowsympathyfortheowl.C.Tokeepthesiteclearofplants.D.Todrawtheattentionofpassers-by.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveybymentioningtheowl?A.Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.B.Innature'sembrace,timestandsstill.C.Thedarkesthourhasonlysixtyminutes.D.Witheveryleaf'sfall,anewlifeemerges.27.Whatdoes“I'lllistenlater”inparagraph4revealabouttheauthor?A.Money-driven.B.Wonder-seeking.C.Artisticallytalented.D.Emotionallymature.CScientistshaveshownhowplantscanprotectthemselvesagainstgenetic(基因的)damagecausedbyenvironmentalstresses.Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveaninbuiltmechanism(机制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.Plantshavesmallpopulationsofstemcells(干细胞)atthetipsoftheirrootsandshoots,whichenablethemtocontinuouslygrowandproducenewtissuesthroughouttheirlifetime.Thesestemcellsserveasancestorsforplanttissuesandorgans.However,anygeneticfaultspresentinthestemcellswillcontinuetoexistandbepassedonpermanentlythroughouttheplant'slife,whichcouldlastthousandsofyears.Giventhecriticalroleofstemcellsandtheirexposuretopotentiallydangerousenvironmentsatthegrowingtipsofrootsandshoots,safeguardsarenecessarytopreventstemcellfaultsfrombecomingfixed.ResearchersNickFulcherandRobertSablowski,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,aimedtouncovertheseprotectivemechanisms.ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcelldeath,preventingthepropagationofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues.Thisprocesshassimilaritiestothesafeguardmechanismfoundinanimalcells,whichhasbeenbroadlystudiedduetoitsrelevanceinpreventingcancer.Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience'sresponsetoclimatechange.28.Whatisthefunctionoftheinbuiltmechanisminplants?A.Toproducemorerootsandshoots.B.Toincreasetheoveralllifetimeoftheplant.C.Toenhanceplantgrowthandnutrientintake.D.Tostopgeneticfaultsinstemcellsbeingpassedon.29.Whatcanweknowaboutstemcellsinplantsaccordingtothetext?A.Theyarerelativelyabundantinquantity.B.Theyareresistanttoenvironmentalstresses.C.TheymakequickresponsetoDNAdamage.D.TheyhavetheabilitytorepairdamagedDNA.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagation”inparagraph4mean?A.Spread.B.Change.C.Existence.D.Self-repair.31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Thewayofdealingwithclimatechangeontheearth.B.Thesignificanceofidentifyingtheprotectivesysteminplants.C.Themethodofinsuringplantsurvivalunderenvironmentalstress.D.Theurgencyofdevelopingplantsthatcanhandleenvironmentalstress.DInfluencedbyfactorslikeschoolfunding,sportsfacilities,teacherresourcesandsafetyconcerns,traditionalphysicaleducationwaslimitedtostatic(静态的)scenesandclosedgymsandplaygrounds,whichlackedinteractionandfeedbackfunctions.P.E.curriculumwasalsorestrictedtobasicsportslikeballgames,trackandfieldandgymnastics.However,theemergenceandapplicationofnewtechnologieslikevirtualreality(VR),and3Dtechnology,greatlyexpandandinnovatesportsscenes,providingpossibilitiesfortheconstructionofaflexible“on-site,on-campus,online”integratednewsportsworld.ITcanbuildonlinevirtuallearningenvironmentsforstudents,creatingteachingsceneshardtoachieveinthephysicalworld.Manyschoolshavealreadypartneredwithtechnologycompaniestocreatedifferentteachingscenesusingdigitalsportsproducts.TheUniversityofSouthFloridahascooperatedwiththeVRsportstrainingcompanySenseArena,allowingstudentstopracticetennisonitsgloballypioneeringVRtennistrainingplatform.StudentsusetheMetaQuest2headsetandVRtouchingracket(球拍)whichimitatestheweightandfeelofarealtennisracket.Theplatformfeatures35trainingmodesimitatingvariousscenesinreal-lifetennismatches,includingcrowdnoise,dazzlingsunlight,shadowsandwind.Athletescanengageinvariousformsoftraining,suchasskillpractice,technicalanalysisandmatchimitation.SuchavirtualsportsteachingspacefurtherenhancestheexperienceofP.E.learning.Technology-basedphysicaleducationnotonlyservesordinarystudents’physicalhealthbutalsoaddressestheneedsofspecialgroupsinsports,especiallystudentswhocannotparticipateinregularP.E.classesduetophysical,psychologicalorsocialadaptationissues.Manyschoolsofferspecializedsportsprogramstodisabledstudents,likethe“PathwaystoInclusion”programlaunchedbytheUniversityofQueensland,whichtailorsvarioussportsactivitiestodifferentdisabilities,suchasblindfootballandwheelchairhockey.Thisismadepossiblewiththesupportofsportstechnology,asdifferentsymptomsrequiretheuseofdifferentsportsequipment.Throughscientific,healthyandjoyfuleducationalconcepts,technology-empoweredP.E.classesconveythevaluesofcreatingandenjoyingapersonalizedexperience,developingasportseducationwhereeveryoneparticipatesandbenefits.32.HowdonewtechnologieschangetraditionalP.E.classesaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Byinvestingmoreinbasicsports.B.Bycombiningthemwithacademicstudy.C.BymakingdynamicP.E.classespossible.D.ByreplacingP.E.teacherswithAIteachers.33.WhichofthefollowingservicescanSenseArenaprovide?A.Real-lifetennismatches.B.Virtualheadsetsandrackets.C.Imitativedistractingconditions.D.Sufficientsportsspaceoncampus.34.Whatdoesthe“PathwaystoInclusion”programfeature?A.Professionalknowledgeofpsychology.B.Technology-assistedsportsforthedisabled.C.Interactiveactivitieswithordinarystudents.D.Personalizedmedicaltreatmentfordisabilities.35.Whatistheauthor'swritingpurposeofthetext?A.ToadvertiseanewVRproduct.B.Toraisepublicawarenessofphysicaleducation.C.Tostresstheimportanceofequalityamongstudents.D.TointroduceanewapplicationoftechnologyinP.E.classes.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterferewith(妨碍)trainingorleadtoinjury.___36___,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinuewithyournewrunningroutine.___37___.·___38___Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.·Notwearingtherightequipment___39___,it'simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforapair.·Runningthroughpain___40___.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn'tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.A.NottakingrestdaysB.Ifyou'rejuststartingoutC.ComparingyourselftoothersD.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE.It'simportantnottousethesamemusclesF.Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon'tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweek第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I'ma47-year-oldteacher.Iamsoblessedtoworkinthegreatest___41___for20years.Despitethe___42___scheduleandhardwork,IfinisheachdayfeelingIhavemadea___43___.Thisisthedrivethatkeepsme___44___andpassionate.AsChristaMcAuliffesaid,“Itouchthefuture,Iteach.”WhenIwasnamedMarylandTeacheroftheYear,Ireceivedacongratulatoryemailfromaformerstudentwhoisnow___45___GeorgetownUniversityandisaleaderinthestudent-runWomeninPoliticsgroup.Recently,Iwatchedacollegebasketballgametofindanotherformerstudent___46___upanddownthecourtforGeorgetown.Walkingthroughasupermarketyesterday,I___47___encounteredaformerstudent,whohandedmeabusinesscardforthecompanyhestarted,atage22.Anotherstudentsaidheisinthe___48___ofapplyingforlawschoolatHowardUniversity.Believeitornot,I___49___formerstudentswithsimilarsuccessstoriesnearlyeveryweek.SeeingtheirsuccessandknowingthatIwasabletomakeasmall___50___totheirsuccessisthegreatest___51___.Thosegloriousmoments___52___metocontinuehopingtoplayaroleinthelifeofeverychild.Sometimes,whileIamwatchingmy___53___studentsworkinginclass,Itryto___54___whattheywillbedoingtenyearsfromnow.Iwouldnot___55___mycareerforanyother.Iliterallytouchthefutureeveryday.41.A.business B.companyC.profession D.project42.A.light B.tight C.flexible D.casual43.A.difference B.fortuneC.name D.promise44.A.generous B.independentC.curious D.inspired45.A.leaving B.joiningC.attending D.visiting46.A.cheering B.pacingC.judging D.running47.A.unavoidablyB.unexpectedlyC.unconditionallyD.unquestioningly48.A.habit B.formC.hope D.process49.A.cameacrossB.pickedupC.calmeddown D.turnedto50.A.change B.contributionC.proposal D.chance51.A.help B.praiseC.reward D.response52.A.pressure B.blockC.fuel D.corner53.A.current B.regularC.top D.average54.A.realize B.pictureC.confirm D.doubt55.A.charge B.prepareC.provide D.trade第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Go(围棋),probablytheworld'soldestboardgame,isthoughttohaveoriginatedinChinasome4,000yearsago.InancientChina,Go___56___(favor),mainly,byintellectuals,especiallythosefromthe___57___(up)class.Theordinarypeoplewouldseldomtakealikingtothisgame.Onlythosewithsomedegreeofeducationcanapproachthisgame,becauseit'sso___58___(complicate).Ithastoomanyvariationsofplayand___59___(require)agreatdealofcalculation.Anancientscientistoncecalculatedthattheboardpositionsinasinglegamecanbeanumberthatis768digitslong.TheoriginalintellectualgroupofGopractitioners___60___(gradual)liftedthishighbrowpastimeupintotheareasofart,alongsidetheseven-stringedzither,calligraphyand___61___(paint).Andso,theequipmentofGobecomesanincreasinglydetails-obsessedfeature,withpreciouswood,jade(玉石),clamshellandcrystal(水晶)___62___(use)tomakethepieces.TheinfluenceoftheGogame___63___Chinesesocietyisquiteevidentinvariousworksofliterature,whichoftenincludeasceneortwo___64___(feature)theGoboard.OneofChina'sclassics,TheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms,describesthefamousgeneralGuanYuplayingGo___65___hewasreceivingsurgeryonhisarm.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是校英文报《先锋》(Pioneer)的编辑，受你校学生会委托撰写一份以“珍爱湿地(TreasuretheWetlands)”为主题的海报设计大赛通知，内容包括：1.大赛目的；2.作品要求；3.参赛方式等。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmyfirstlongrace—marathon.Thewindandtherainchilled(使很冷)metotheboneandthesunwasyetouttowarmuptheair.Thestartinggunwouldgooffanysecond.Iwasready.Iwas28andinthebestshapeofmylife.Atleast,IthoughtIwas.Iranallthetimeandhadalreadyrunseveralraces.Butnoneofthemwas26.2miles.ThefarthestIhadrunbeforewasonly15miles.Still,IwasyoungandoverconfidentandIknewIcoulddoit.Thegunwentoffandtheracestarted.Iwasexcitedandtheweatherbecamethefurthestthingfrommymind.Ijustconcentratedonholdingmyownpositionamongtheotherrunners.Ihadnorealfinishinggoalinmind,butwhenIsettledintomypace,IsoonworkedoutthatIcouldeasilybreak4hours.Withinafewmiles,Iranpastanelderlyrunner.Hemusthavebeenover70yearsoldandIwassurprisedhewasevenintherace.Iwasevenmoresurprisedthathewasstillaheadofme.Hekepttothesideoftheroad,hisoldlegsmovingoneinfrontoftheother,slowlybutstably.Ipassedhimwithoutgivinghimasecondglanceorawordofencouragement.Ikeptmoving.15milescameandIwasonpacetobeat4hours.Thensomethingstrangehappened.Istartedtogettired.Mygoalof4hourssoongotpushedbackto4:10.Then4:20.Finally,ataboutthe20-milemark,Icouldn'trunanymore.Ihadtowalk.ImovedtothesideoftheroadandwithdifficultyIwalkedalong.Ineededasecondwind,butitwasn'tcoming.Therainwasback.TherewasnothingIcoulddoaboutitbutconcentrateonputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.Thentheelderlymanpassedme.Helookedthesameashehadearlier,runningatthesamespeed.Ashepassed,helookedoveratmeandsmiled,“Onlyafewmorem