09 Unit 3 重点单词变形 词组 短语 句型【考点清单】

Unit3SportsandFitnessUnit1TeenageLife话题运动与健康词汇soccer,stadium,boxing,badminton,marathon,event,ski,host,track,gym,gymnastics,sweat,athlete,master,honor,medal,champion,apart,injury,captain,strength,failure,compete,pretend,million,cheat,audience,positive,slim,diet,rather,job,stress,error短语comealong,trackandfield,workout,makeit,setanexample,fallapart,loseheart,giveup,makesense,pretendtodosth,evenif/though,makeadifference,ratherthan,cutout,nowandthen,compare...with/to...句型Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式，表示“看来……；好像……”evenif/though即使;虽然,引导让步状语从句语法附加疑问句考点1.1.honourn.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸【教材原句】Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.(P38)作为一名运动员,郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。【拓展】(1)honoursbwithsth某事使某人感到荣幸;授予某人荣誉(2)inhonourofsb(=insb’shonour)向某人表示敬意;为纪念某人itisanhonour(forsb)todo...(对某人来说)做……是一种荣幸havethehonourof(doing)sth得到……殊荣;有幸(做)……(3)honouredadj.感到荣幸的be/feelhonoured(todosth)(因做某事)感到荣幸【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Ifeel______(honour)tobeinvitedheretodeliveraspeech.(1)It’smygreathonour________(announce)thatIamrunningforchairmanoftheStudents’Union.

(3)Thestadiumwasnamedinhonour_______theclub’sfirstchairman.(4)Theyhonouredhim_______aretrospectiveexhibitionin1987.[完成句子](5)非常荣幸代表我们班写信邀请您参加这次聚会。___________________________________towritetoinviteyoutoattendthegatheringonbehalfofourclass.（6）能有机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。1）__________________________theopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(it作形式主语)2）_________________________theopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(honoured)（7）WiththeDragonBoatFestivalapproaching,weareplanningtoholdadragonboatrace_______________________thefamouspoet,QuYuan,who_________________beingpatriotic.随着端午节的临近，我们计划举行一场龙舟比赛，以纪念著名诗人屈原。他因为爱国精神而受到尊敬。【名师点津】honour表示“荣誉;尊敬”时是不可数名词,表示“使人感到光荣的事或人”或“荣幸”时是可数名词。【写作佳句】Lastbutnotleast,Ifeelitanhonourtorepresentmyclasstotakepartinthegroupdancingcompetition.最后但同样重要的一点,我觉得代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛非常荣幸。答案:(1)honour(2)toannounce(3)of(4)with(5)It’sagreathonourto;Itisagreathonourformetohave;Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtohave(7)inhonorof/tohonor;ishonoredfor考点2.determinationn.决心;决定【教材原句】WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2015WorldCup,herdeterminationwastested.(P38)当中国队正准备2015年世界杯时,她的决心受到了考验。【拓展】(1)determinevt.使下决心vi.决定;确定determinetodosth决心做某事(表示动作)determinesbtodosth使某人决定做某事determineon/upondoingsth决心做某事(2)determinedadj.坚决的bedeterminedtodosth决心做某事(表示状态)withdetermination坚决地【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Shedetermined_______(work)twiceashardasbeforetomakeupforthelosttime.

(2)Ihavedetermined_______workingasavolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.(3)Her_______(determine)toovercomedifficultiesalwaysmakesmeinspired.(4)Shewasabraveand_______(determine)girlwithrichimagination.[句式升级](5)I’mdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI’moccupiedinpreparingforit.→_______toperformwellinthefinalexam,I’moccupiedinpreparingforit.(用分词作状语)

[写美]——句式升级I'mdeterminedtoperformwellinGaokao,soI'moccupiedinstudy.→__________________________________,I'moccupiedinstudy.(分词作状语)答案:①decidetodo/decideon(doing)sth._②makeandecisiontodosth.③makeupone’smindtodosth.④resolvetodosth.(1)towork（2）on/upon（3）determination（4）determined（5）Determined（6）DeterminedtoperformwellinGaokao考点3.injurevt.使受伤;损害[教材原句]Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.(P38)最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了,而且队长也因心脏问题不得不离队。【拓展】(1)injuredadj.受伤的;有伤的theinjured伤员;伤者(2)injuryn.伤;伤口;伤害;损伤doaninjurytosb伤害某人【经典练】[完成句子](1)我第一次参加马拉松比赛前一个月,我的一个脚踝受伤了,这意味着我两周不能跑步。Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankles_____________andthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks.(2)如果你发现有人受伤了,了解一些急救措施会有很大的帮助。Ifyoufindsomeone______,knowingsomefirstaidcanmakeabigdifference.(3)事故发生后,伤者被送往附近的几家医院。Aftertheaccident,____________weretakentoseveralnearbyhospitals.(4)无可否认,那次事故对他造成了严重的伤害。There’snodenyingthattheaccident______________________________.答案:wasinjuredinjuredtheinjureddidhimasevereinjury考点4.competevi.(competed,competed,competing)竞争;对抗[教材原句]Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonourandhis/herfansifhe/sheiscompetingforhis/hercountry.(P41)如果一个运动员是在为祖国而战,那么他/她应该考虑荣誉和他/她的粉丝。【拓展】(1)competev.竞争,对抗,参加比赛competein...参加……的比赛competewith/against与……竞争competefor...为……角逐competewith/againstsb.forsth.(为……)与……对抗/竞争competetodosth竞争做某事(2)competitionn.竞争,比赛incompetitionwith与……竞争(3)competitiveadj.竞争的;有竞争力的(4)competencen.能力;技能(5)competitorn.竞争者；对手[联想积累]“参加”表达还有：takepartin;joinin;participatein，getinvolvedin,engagein【经典练】[单句语法填空]Noonecanentirelykeepawayfromthe________(compete)world.(2)Lifeislikealongraceinwhichwecompete________otherstogobeyondourselves.(3)Theyarein________(compete)witheachotherfortheprize.(4)Withwhichteamdidtheycompete________thegoldmedal?[完成句子](5)只有通过相互竞争,我们才能在学习上取得巨大进步。Onlyby_______________________________________canwemakegreatprogressinourstudy.【高考链接】[2020·新高全国Ⅰ卷]Thoughthiswasa________________(compete)race，whatreallymatteredwasnotthetitleofchampionshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.答案:(1)competitive(2)with/against(3)competition(4)for(5)competingwith/againsteachother;competitive考点5.pretendvi.&vt.假装;假扮[教材原句]Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.(P41)一个足球运动员不应该假摔,即使这能帮他/她的球队。【拓展】pretendtobe＋n./adj.假装是……pretendtodosth.假装做某事pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth.假装已经做了某事pretendthat...假装……[联想积累]类似pretend后接todo/tobedoing/tohavedone的动词还有：happen碰巧；appear看似；seem似乎；claim声称【经典练】单句语法填空①Marypretended____________(do)herhomeworkandwentouttoplay.②Hepretended____________(read)inthemorningclasswhentheclassteachercamein.③Let’spretend__________weareonalonelyisland.[写美]——读后续写佳句④[2022·绍兴质检，读后续写]后来，我假装很开心，但是她觉察到了异样。Afterwards,___________________，butshesensedsomethingwaswrong.[完成句子](1)他假装知道问题的答案。Hepretended_________theanswertothequestion.(2)爸爸进来时,那个女孩假装在看电视。Thegirlpretended_____________TVwhenherfathercamein.(3)我进到弟弟的房间时,他假装睡着了。Mybrotherpretended_____________asleepwhenIenteredhisroom.[佳句写作]Tobehonest,ifyou__________________whatyoudon'tknow,you'llonlymakeafoolofyourself.说实话，不懂装懂就会自欺欺人。答案:①tohavedone②tobereading③that④Ipretendedtobecheerful(1)toknow(2)tobewatching(3)tohavefallen;pretendtoknow考点6.strengthn．力量；体力【拓展】(1)havethestrengthtodosth有力量/意志做某事buildupone’sstrength增强某人的体力strength(s)andweakness(es)优势和劣势withallone’sstrength尽全力(2)strengthenvt.&vi.加强；巩固；增强[近义]force，power，energy，advantage【经典练】单句语法填空[佳句写作][2021·山东4月联考]_____________________________________________,ourschoolwillorganizeameaningfulactivitywithathemeoftrashingsortingnextSundayinGuangmingcommunity.为了增强民众的环保意识，我们学校下周日将在光明社区举行主题为垃圾分类的有益活动。【高考链接】[北京卷，书面表达]Youshouldbalanceour________(strong)andweaknesseswhenapplyingforauniversity.[写美]——应用文佳句[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]为了强身健体，我们经常举办各种活动，比如打篮球和跑步。___________________，weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketballandrunningrace.答案:Tostrengthenpeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection；strengths；Tobuildupourstrength考点7.【拓展】(2)frightenvt.使惊吓；使惊恐；吓唬【经典练】[佳句写作][2021·山东4月联考]_____________________________________________,ourschoolwillorganizeameaningfulactivitywithathemeoftrashingsortingnextSundayinGuangmingcommunity.为了增强民众的环保意识，我们学校下周日将在光明社区举行主题为垃圾分类的有益活动。【高考链接】[北京卷，书面表达]Youshouldbalanceour________(strong)andweaknesseswhenapplyingforauniversity.[写美]——应用文佳句[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]为了强身健体，我们经常举办各种活动，比如打篮球和跑步。___________________，weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketballandrunningrace.答案:Tostrengthenpeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection；strengths；Tobuildupourstrength考点8.makesense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚[教材原句]Thatdoesn’tmakeanysense!(P41)那没有任何意义!【拓展】(1)make(no)senseof...(不)理解/明白……Itmakes(no)sensetodosth.做某事(没)有道理/意义(2)inasense从某种意义上说innosense决不(用在句首时，句子主谓部分倒装)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事没道理/意义【经典练】[完成句子](1)不管你怎么解释这个句子,它都讲不通。Nomatterhowyouexplainthesentence,itdoesn’t____________.(2)不管你怎么解释这个句子,我都不懂。Nomatterhowyouexplainthesentence,Idon’t__________________it.(3)为了取悦父母而在考试中作弊是没有意义的。________________________cheatingintheexamtosatisfyyourparents.[单句语法填空/补全句子]①Yourcellphonehasbrokendownagain!Itmakesnosense_________(buy)thecheapestcellphonejusttosavesomedollars.②There'snosensein________(draw)aconclusionwithoutenoughevidence.③Talkingwithher____________(没有意义),assheneverlistenstoothers.[写美]——句式升级④Youshouldloseheartinnosense;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.→________________________；keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.(倒装句)[高考佳句]Furthermore,you'dbetterlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance,whichcanhelpyou________________thepoemstobelearned.此外，你最好提前了解一下唐朝的历史，这可以帮助你理解要学的诗歌。答案:(1)makesense(2)makesenseof(3)Thereisnosense①tobuy②drawing③makesnosense④Innosenseshouldyouloseheartmakesenseof考点9.giveup放弃;投降[教材原句]Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup.(P38)输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地练习,永不放弃。【拓展】giveback归还;恢复giveup(doing)sth放弃/停止(做)某事giveupsthto把……让给/交给……giveaway泄露(机密);暴露;分发(奖品等);捐赠givein屈服;让步giveinto屈服于;向……让步giveoff发出(蒸汽、味道);发散(光线)giveout用完;用尽;分发;公布[联想记忆]giveup同义词：quit;desert【经典练】[用give的相关短语填空](1)Therewerepeopleattheentrance____________leaflets.

(2)Hewas____________hiscollectionfornothing.

(3)Please____________mynotebookwhichwastakenbymistake.

(4)Fireflies____________flashesoflightwhentheyflyatnight.

(5)Thedoctoradvisedhimto____________smokingbecauseofhispoorhealth.

【即时练】用give短语完成句子①[2020·新高考Ⅰ卷]Althoughtheirstrengthwas___________，noparticipant__________halfway.②Doyouthinkthepresidentwill_________________totheterrorists’sdemand?．③Mobilephonescan___________alotaboutyourprivacy,suchasyourlocation.[写美句]——读后续写佳句④[2020·全国Ⅰ卷，读后续写]尽管失败了很多次，他们还是不放弃，最终做出了美味的爆米花。________________________________________andfinallydeliciouspopcornwasmade.【写作佳句】Theteacheralwaysremindsus,“Onnoconditioncanwegiveupourdreams.”老师总是告诫我们:“我们决不能放弃我们的梦想。”答案:(1)givingout(2)givingaway(3)giveback(4)giveoff(5)giveup①givingout;gaveup②givein③giveaway④Thoughhavingfailedmanytimes，theydidn'tgiveup考点10.cut...out停止做(或使用、食用);剪下;删除[教材原句]RatherthancuttingoutthefoodsIenjoyed,Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeals.(P42)我没有减少吃我喜欢的食物,而是在我的膳食中添加了健康的食物。【拓展】cutdown砍倒;削减,压缩cutup切碎cutoff中止；切断,停掉;(使)隔绝,挡住cutin插嘴cutthrough开辟(出路或通道)cutacross穿过某地(尤指抄近路)cutintopieces切成碎片【经典练】【语境巧练】[用cut的相关短语填空](1)Hedecidedto____________theamountoffatbecauseofhisweight.(2)Itisbadmannersto____________whenpeoplearespeaking.

(3)I’dfeel____________ifIdidn’tknowwhatwashappeningintheworld.

(4)Withmoreandmoreforests____________,largequantitiesofsoilarebeingwashedaway.

【即时练】单句语法填空①Iusuallycut________theparkonmywayhomesothatIcanarrivehomeearly.②You'dbetterquitsmokingoratleastcut________theamountofsmoking.③Shekeptcutting________onourconversation,whichmadeusveryangry.[写美]——应用文佳句④你做演讲时，最好删去不重要的细节。Whenyougiveaspeech,you'dbetter____________________．[佳句]⑤Finally,hereachedalonelyislandwhichwascompletely_________________romtheoutsideworld.最终，他到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的孤岛。答案:(1)cutout(2)cutin(3)cutoff(4)cutdown①across②down③in④cutoutunimportantdetails⑤cutoff考点11..compare...with/to与……比较[教材原句]Finally,Istoppedcomparingmyselfwithactressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.(P42)最后,我不再拿自己与女演员和模特做比较,也不再寻找我的脸或身体有什么问题。【拓展】(1)comparisonn.比较makeacomparison(with)(与……)作比较incomparisonwith/to...和……相比(2)compareAwithB 把A和B进行比较 A和B是同类事物 比较compareAtoB 把A比喻成B A和B是不同类事物 比喻comparedwith/to... 和……相比(作状语)[名师点津]高考中考查compare时,一般考查compared/comparing作状语的用法。当compare与其逻辑主语是主谓关系时,要用动词-ing形式,是动宾关系时要用过去分词。【经典练】(1)Theteachercomparedmyhandwriting______thatofTom’s.(2)Youngpeoplearecompared______thesunateightornineinthemorning.(3)______(compare)withotherEuropeancountries,lifestyleinItalyisslowerandmorerelaxinginitsownway.(4)Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen______(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.[完成句子](5)在比较不同的文化时,我们往往只注意差异,而没有注意到许多相似之处。When__________________,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.答案:(1)with(2)to(3)Compared(4)compared(5)comparingdifferentcultures考点12.句型公式：Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式，表示“看来……；好像……”(教材原句)Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。【拓展】(1)Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式＝Itseems/seemedthat...看来……；好像……(2)Itseems＋形容词/副词＋todosth.看起来……Itseemsasif/asthough...看起来好像……Thereseems(tobe)...看起来……【经典练】单句语法填空/补全句子①Itseemsdifficult________(learn)somanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime.②_____________________(看起来有希望)thatbusinesswillgetbetter.[写美句]——一句多译[2020·浙江卷，读后续写]他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。③_______________________________andhiseyeswereredwithanger.④____________________________andhiseyeswereredwithanger.【写作佳句】①ItseemsthatMaryhaschangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.＝Maryseemstohavechangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.自从上大学以来，玛丽似乎改变了很多。②Lookatthedarkcloudsinthesky!Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.看天上乌云密布！看来要下雨了。答案:①tolearn②Thereseemstobehope③Itseemedthathismouthwasfullofblood④Hismouthseemedtobefullofblood考点13.evenif/though即使;虽然,引导让步状语从句[教材原句]IalwayswantedtolookliketheslimgirlsonTVeventhoughIknewthatitwasimpossible.(P42)我一直想让自己看起来像电视上的苗条女孩那样,尽管我知道那是不可能的。【拓展】(1)在evenif/though引导的让步状语从句中,如果主句、从句都表示将来的动作,从句中要用一般现在时来表示将来时。(2)在evenif/though引导的让步状语从句中,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。[易混辨析]短语含义用法evenif=eventhough即使;尽管引导让步状语从句asif=asthough仿佛;好像引导方式状语从句【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Hecametosaygoodbyetome____________itwasrainingheavily.(2)Iwillgotothebeachevenif/thoughit______(rain)tomorrow.(3)Themanissostrangethatheneverspeaks—evenif______(ask)to.(4)Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdeduponmymind____________theyhadjusthappened.[小话题写作](5)老师鼓励学生们在课堂上积极地发表自己的看法,即使看法与他的不同。Theteacherinspireshisstudentstogivetheiropinionsactively____________theyaredifferentfromhisown.答案:(1)evenif/though(2)rains(3)asked(4)asif(5)evenif/though一．语法精讲——附加疑问句思维导图附加疑问句的构成和使用规则基本结构：陈述部分+否定疑问部分？否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分？Youprefercolddrink,don’tyou?Lucycannotreadnow,canshe?1．含有特殊主语的附加疑问句①陈述部分的主语是指人的不定代词，如everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,anyone,anybody,noone,non等时，附加疑问句可以用they,也可用he.Everyonehashisownduty,hasn’tthey?Nooneknowsthetruth,dothey?Someoneisaskingforyouatthegate,______________?Everyoneknowswhatmoneymeans,______________?②陈述部分的主语是指物的不定代词，如anything,something,everything,nothing时，附加问句用it.Everythinggoeswell,,______________?Nothingcanstopthewheelofhistory,______________?③当陈述部分的主语是this，that,these,those时，附加问句用it/they.Thisisveryimportant,______________?Theseareextremelypretty,______________?④表示存在句的therebe结构中，附加问句部分还是用thereThereusedtobeanoldtemple,______________?TherewillbeanexcitingperformancebyJack,______________?⑤陈述部分的主语是从句，不定式，动名词时，疑问部分的主语用itWhatyousaidiswrong,,______________?TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy,______________?含有特殊谓语动词的附加疑问句（1）含有情态动词must时，要根据must的不同含义决定①“必须”Youmustgetupearlier,__________?Youmustn’tspeakillofothers,,__________?②“有必要”Wemusthaveadiscussiontonight,______________?含有情态动词oughtto,附加疑问句部分用oughtn't或shouldn'tWeoughttogonow,______________?含有usedto,附加疑问句部分用usedn’t或者didn’tHeusedtoliveinLondon,______________?含有否定意义的附加疑问句①陈述句部分含有no,never,neither,noone,nothing,nobody,nowhere,rarely,hardly,few,little等表示否定意思的词，附加疑问句用肯定式。Yourdadseldomsmokedathome,______________?Thepoorboyknowslittleabouthisparents,______________?②陈述句部分含有否定前缀，否定后缀时，如hopeless,helpless,dislike,useless,unable,unfair等，附加疑问句用否定式。Themanisdishonest,______________?Shelooksunhappy,______________?祈使句的附加疑问句①祈使句的附加疑问句部分一般用willyou或者won’tyou.Haveacupofcoffee,______________? Stopthatnoise,______________?②以let开头的祈使句：Letusgothere,______________? Let’sgothere,______________?并列句和复合句的附加疑问句①若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问句一般要与主句保持一致。Georgesaidthathetaughtthemanagoodlesson,didn’the?Lucydidnotgotobeduntilhishusbandcameback,didhe?②陈述部分是Iamsure/Iamafraid/Idon’tthink(suppose,expect,imagine,believe)+宾语从句时，附加疑问句与从句保持一致，而且要注意否定转移现象。Ibelievehecanfindhernowhere,canhe?Iexpectthattheywillthematch,won’tthey?Wedon’tthinkheisthesuitablemanforthejob,ishe?练习1一、单项选择1．ZhangQinghastostayathometolookafterherbr