Unit1 Reading and Thinking 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：选择性必修一

Unit1

(ReadingandThinking)词汇课堂1.crucial词块：becrucialtosb/sth,itiscrucialforsbtodosth2.vitalvit(life生命)+-al(……的)→生命攸关的→至关重要的词块：itisvital(forsb)todosth,bevitalto(doing)sth3.commit&committedcommit:com-(together一起)+mit(tosend送)→将人送去承担义务等→(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证同根词：admit,permit,transmit词块：commitacrime/mistake,commitoneselftodosth派生词：committed,commitment4.academy&academicacademy—academic词块：academicresearch,academicyear5.objectiveobject(物体)+-ive(……的)objective(adj

客观的)

反义词：subjectiveobject(n

目标)近义词：goal词块：set/achieveanobjective本单元词汇梳理6.evaluatee-(out出来)+valu(value价值)+-ate(动词后缀)→使(某物的)

价值体现出来→评价；评估派生词：evaluation7.property词块：intellectualproperty(IP)；熟词生义：特性8.distinctdis-(apart分开)+stinct(prick,stick

刺)→以刺为记号区分的→截然不同的9.extractex-(out出)+tract(todraw拉)→拉出来→提取对应的名词释义为“提取物”10.boil词块：boiled/boilingwater11.obtainob-(表示加强)+tain(tohold拿住)→稳稳地拿住→获得，正式用语(对应get)12.acknowledgea-(处于)+c(无意义)+knowledge(知道)→处于知道的状态→承认(基本义)派生词：acknowledgement13.defeatdefeat(v)近义词：beatdefeat(n)词块：sufferadefeat,

acknowledge/admit/acceptdefeat14.analyseanalysis—analyseana(完全)+lyse

(解开)→(将事物)完全解开→分析15.apparentlyapparent(adj

明显的)+-ly；近义词：obviously,clearly句子副词16.substancesub-(upto,under下面)+stance(tostand站)→站在下面的事物→事实基础；根据17.insistin-(upon在……之上)+sist(tostand站)→站在自己的立场上→坚决要求；坚持认为；同根词：assist,resist词块：insiston,insist(that)…(should)dosth18.scientificscience—scientific19.mostlymost+-ly重难点词精讲acknowledge一词多义英语释义defeat搭配义commit&committed英语释义academy&academic搭配义insist英语释义“过而不改，是谓过矣”，这句孔子的名言出自《论语·卫灵公》，意思是：有过错却不加以改正，这才是真正的过错！commit&committed同根词：

admit:

ad-(to去)+mit(toletgo,send放行、送)→容许……进入

permit:per-

(through通过)+mit(tosend送)→送其过去使通过→许可；准许

transmit:

trans-(across越过)

+mit(tosend送)→输送；传送commit词源解读commit:

com-(together一起)+

mit(tosend送)→将人送去承担义务等

→（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证commitv

vt

犯（错误、罪行等）to

dosthwrongorillegal：commitmurder/acrime/amistakeSmokingiscommittingsuicideslowly.

vi&vt（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证tomakeadefiniteagreementorpromisetodosth：TheworldhasalreadycommittedtoestablishingaClimateAdaptationFund.

2008上海改①commitoneselfto(doing)sth:Atalentedscientistwellknownforhiscommitmenttohiscountry,HuangDaniancommittedhimselftohisresearchingeophysics.②commitoneselftodosth:Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictspeacefully.SMOKINGKILLS

vt投入tospendmoneyortimeonsth/sb：commitsthto(doing)sth:commitanhourtoreadingthenewspaperseverymorningcommittedadj

尽心尽力的；坚定的：acommittedmemberoftheteamHelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticingit.2017江苏academy&academic词源：在希腊神话中有一位绝世美女海伦，少女的时候，她被来自雅典的英雄忒修斯劫走。海伦的两个哥哥来到雅典，要求归还自己的妹妹，并威胁要动用武力。正在这危急时刻，一个名叫阿卡德摩斯（Akademos）的农夫告诉了他们海伦的位置。两兄弟很快就夺回了自己的妹妹。而Akademos也因为使雅典避免了一场战争而成为英雄，得到神灵的庇佑，他的橄榄树林年年丰收。这片橄榄树林也因此得名Akademeia。

后来，哲学家柏拉图在这片橄榄树林里创建了学园。人们将他的学园也称为Akademeia。英语单词academy就来源于柏拉图创建的Akademeia学园。原本专指柏拉图所创建的学园，但后来词义进一步扩充，泛指各种学术研究性机构。

（某一领域的）研究院；学会：ChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)

专科学校；（尤指音乐、军事）学院：apolice/militaryacademyanacademyofmusic

（美国的）私立学校academyn[C]academic

adj［常用于名词前］

学校的；学院的connectedwiththeeducationalactivitiesofschools,collegesanduniversities：theofficeofacademicaffairs

anacademicdegree/qualificationthestartofthenewacademicyear

学术的connectedwithstudyingfrombooks,oppositetopracticalskills：academicsubjects

Beingunabletouseacomputermakesitmoredifficultforhimtodohisacademicresearch.2010湖北n[C]大学教师academicallyadv

学术上；学业上：Infact,readingearlyhasverylittletodowithwhetherachildissuccessfulacademically.2012上海【词汇拓展】爱读英文小说的同学们，一定对上图中的话不陌生。这是英国著名小说家简·奥斯汀

(Jane

Austen)所著的长篇小说《傲慢与偏见》(PrideandPrejudice)的开篇第一句，译成中文是：凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的道理。acknowledgeacknowledge词源解读：a-（处于）+c（无意义）+knowledge（知道）→处于知道的状态→承认(基本义)acknowledgevt

承认toacceptoradmitthatsthistrueorexists：acknowledgeone’serrorHeisacknowledgedas/tobe

oneofthegreatestpianists.Theyacknowledged(tous)thattheyweredefeated.“承认”某事是对的或存在的，比admit正式

向……打招呼；对……做出反应toshowthatyouhaveseenornoticedsb/sthorreceivedsth：Iwasstandingrightnexttoher,butshedidn’tevenacknowledgeme.Heacknowledgedthegreetingwithanod.

（公开）感谢topubliclyexpressthanksforhelpyouhavebeengiven：IshouldliketoacknowledgeallthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyfamily.“承认”看到某人或某物“承认”获得别人的帮助acknowledgementn[C]&[U]承认；确认；[常用复数]鸣谢有些英文书的正文前或正文后有一页Acknowledgements，可翻译成“致谢；感谢；鸣谢”。承认（基本义）向……打招呼；对……做出反应承认承认某事是对的或者存在的承认看到某人或某物acknowledge

语义网络图承认获得别人的帮助（公开）感谢defeat挫败并不是最糟糕的失败，不去尝试才是真正的失败。defeatvt

击败；战胜(beat)：defeatanenemyOurteamwasnarrowlydefeatedinthefinal.

使（计划、希望等）落空；使受挫tostopsthfrombeingsuccessful：Don’tletyourarmsrelaxasthatwoulddefeattheobject/purposeof

theexercise.n

[C]&[U]击败；战败；失败：sufferadefeatacknowledge/admit/acceptdefeatinsist词源解读：in-(upon在……之上)+sist(tostand站)→站在自己的立场上→坚决要求；坚持认为同根词：assist:as-(to到)+sist(tostand站)→站到某人身边→帮助；协助resist:

re-(against对抗)+sist(tostand站)

→站起来对抗→抗拒；抵抗insistvt&vi

坚持；坚决要求todemandthatsthshouldhappen：—Whydon’tyoucallthemuptoday?—OK,ifyouinsist.①insiston/upon(doing)sth:TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.人教新选必①–1

②insist+(that)…(should)dosth:Heinsisted(that)theproblem(should)bediscussedatthemeeting.

坚持说；坚持认为tosayfirmlythatsthistrue,especiallywhenothersdon’tbelieveyou：①insistonsth:Heinsistedonhisinnocence.②insist+(that)从句：Heinsistedthathewasright.注：insist表示“坚持”和“坚决要求”时，that从句中用虚拟语气；而表示“坚持说”和“坚持认为”时则不用。1.Helovedplayingthisinstrument,andwascommittedtopracticingit.2017江苏2.IshouldliketoacknowledgeallthehelpIhavereceivedfrommyfamily.3.Ourteamwasnarrowlydefeatedinthefinal.本单元金句汇总随堂检测commit&committed一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thisisamanwhohascommittedacrime.____________2.Thereareunconfirmedreportsthathetriedtocommitsuicide. ____________3.Thegovernmentmustcommititselftoimprovinghealthcare. ____________4.Alotofmoneyhasbeencommittedtothisproject.____________犯罪自杀承诺/保证投入二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Volunteersneedto______________(commit),patientandsensitivetoothers.（2014广东）2.TheycalledonWesternnationstocommitmoremoney_________thepoorestnations.3.Thegovernmentiscommittedto____________(achieve)equalrightsforwomen.be

committedtoachievingacademy&academic写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Weneedtodevelopbridgesbetweenacademicresearchandpractice.____________2.Theuniversityiscomposedoffiveacademicschools.____________3.ThemeetingwaschairedbyaleadingJapaneseacademic.____________4.Hegraduatedfromanacademyofmusic

inhisearlydays.____________5.Thelecturewasgivenundertheauspices（主办）oftheAcademyofSciences.____________学院的学者学术的音乐学院科学院acknowledge一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Heacknowledgesthatwhenhe’stiredhegetsbad-tempered. ____________2.Wewishtoacknowledgethesupportoftheuniversity. ____________3.Hewaved,acknowledgingtheapplause._____________承认感谢对……做出回应30二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Itiswidely________________(acknowledge)thatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedintermsofoverallquality.（2014福建）2.Thefilmfestivalisacknowledged__________aneventofinternationalimportance.3.Sheisusuallyacknowledged____________(be)oneofourbestartists.4.Theflowerswereasmall________________(acknowledge)ofyourkindness.astobeacknowledgedacknowledgement写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Sixmonthsaftersufferingourdefeatonthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,