Unit1 Learning About Language and Using Language 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：选择性必修一

Unit1

(LearningAboutLanguage—UsingLanguage)词汇课堂1.conclusionconclude—conclusion词块：arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion,inconclusion(=finally)2.circumstancecircum(around周围)+st(tostand站立)+-ance(名词后缀)→站立的周围→(周边)的状况→情况；情形词块：in/under...circumstances3.novel&novelistnovel来自词根nov(new新的)→新颖的novelcoronavirus新型冠状病毒novel(小说)+-ist(从事……的人)→novelist小说家4.flow一词多义：基本义：流动；隐喻：水的流动→比喻抽象事物像水一样流动5.chart词块：flowchart本单元词汇梳理6.foundsetup,

found,establish都含有“建立”“创立”之意。setup多用于日常用语中，found和establish多用于书面语中；found表示“建立”“创立”时尤指“提供资金

(providingmoney)”；establish除表示建立国家、政府或商店等外，也可指建立关系等。派生词：founder,foundation7.inferin-(in入)+fer(tocarry带)→带入(某种想法)→推断词块：infersthfromsth派生词：inference(makeinferences)8.politicianpolitics+-ian9.numerousnumer(数)+-ous(……的)；正式用语(对应many)10.theory词块：intheory11.relativityrelative(相对的)+-ity(……的状态)词块：theoryofrelativity12.formulaform(形式)+-ula(sthdone完成物)→代表规则的一个形式→公式13.geniusgen(birth出生)+-i+-us(表示性质)→人与生俱来的品质→天才；天赋词块：haveageniusfor14.gentle派生词：gently15.patentpatent原义为“打开的、公开的”，用于术语Letterspatent(公开文件)。以前为了鼓励发明创造，英国和意大利的王室采用特许的方式，允许一些工匠或商人在一定期限内以垄断方式独家经营自己所发明的产品。这种特许书做成了Letterspatent(公开文件)的形式，里面有对产品的详细描述。这就是现代专利制度中的“专利说明书”的雏形，英语单词patent(专利)就源于此。16.passion词块：haveapassionforsth派生词：passionate17.doctoratedoctor(博士)+-ate18.extraordinaryextra-(超过)+ordinary(常规的)→超出常规的→异乎寻常的；非凡的19.graduallygradual+-ly(同根词:graduate)20.institute&institutionin-+stitute(toestablish建立)→建立→建立的科学、教育等方面的组织→学院；(研究)院/所institute—institution21.consequence比result正式词块：asaconsequence/inconsequence(of)22.encounteren-(in进入)+counter(against相对)→进入面对面的相对状态→偶然碰到意为“偶然碰到”是正式用语，对应comeacross23.professorpro-(forth向前)

+fess(tospeak说)

+-or(人)→在众人面前阐述知识的人→教授24.remarkableremark(评论)+-able(能被……的)→能被评论的→非凡的；卓越的25.device词块：digital/mobiledevices熟词生义：手段；策略；方法26.sumsum来源于拉丁语summus(最高的)。古罗马人喜欢从底向上计数，然后把总数放在顶部。sum的词源义即为“总数(total)”。词块：alarge/smallsumofmoney,tosumup派生词：summary,summarise重难点词精讲flow一词多义sum一词多义搭配义consequence英语释义搭配义form词根circumstance搭配义辨析义conclusion搭配义conclusion高考链接根据所给汉语，完成句子。_______________（总之）weshouldtakepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesfrequently.（2014江西书面表达）

FinallyLastlyInsummaryInconclusionconclusion

n[C]

结论；推论：makeaconclusionjumptoconclusionsThejudge’sconclusionwasthatMrSmithwasinnocent.

［常用单数］［正式用语］结束；结尾

(end)：Whenhebroughthisspeechtoaniceconclusion,histeacherinvitedtherestoftheclasstopraisehim.2019全国改常用搭配arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论：Theycametoaconclusionthatitwasathiefwhohadstolentheirdiamondnecklace.Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedrawafinalconclusion.inconclusion最后；总之(finally)：Inconclusion,Iwouldliketothankeveryonewhohashelpedus.Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshouldprotectthewaterresources.2010福建书面表达改circumstance根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Wedon’tusuallyacceptlateapplications,but________________________________________（在这种情况下）wewillmakeanexception.2.__________________________________（在任何情况下都不）shouldyouleavethishouse.inthiscase

/

in/underthecircumstancesInnocase

/

In/Undernocircumstancescircumstancen[C]

［常用复数］情况；情形theconditionsthataffectasituation,anevent,etc.：Ourcircumstancesaresodesperatethatitisuncertainwhetherwewilleverreturnalive.

［复数］［正式用语］境况；状况（尤指经济状况）theconditionsofaperson’slife,especiallythemoneytheyhave：financial/social/personalcircumstancesin/under...circumstances在……情况下：Underthecircumstances,itseemsbetternottotellhimabouttheaccident.It’sanexperimentalmodel,sodon’ttouchitunderanycircumstances.2012江西改circumstance词源解读：circum(around周围)+st(tostand站立)+-ance(名词后缀)→站立的周围→（周边）的状况→情况；情形in/undernocircumstances决不；无论如何不：Undernocircumstancesshouldwedoterriblethingstootherpeople.注：in/undernocircumstances置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。辨析：circumstance,environmentcircumstance和

environment都含有“环境”“状况”之意。●

circumstance指“情况”“情形”（theconditionsthataffectasituation,anevent,etc.）”，常用复数，表明与某事件或某人有关的环境，情形，情况等，也可指“境况”“状况”（尤指经济状况）（howmuchmoneysbhas）”。Wecan’tjudgewhathediduntilweknowallthecircumstances.●environment指“生活环境”“周围状况（theconditionsoftheplacewhereyouare）”，尤其指作用和影响生物体的生长，发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和。Thetwinswereseparatedatbirthandbroughtupinentirelydifferentenvironment.flowManstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.Thepersonwhohasnopersonalityalwaysgoeswiththeflow.

Onlydeadfishfollowtheflow.

（液体、气体、电等）流动；流出：It’sherethattheriverflowsdownintotheocean.

[比喻人或事物像水一样]流逝；流畅；流淌：Timeflowsaway.Herhairfloweddownoverhershoulders.Trucksandcarsflowedalongthehighway.n[C]&[U]流；流动：aflowofpeople/carsfree

flowofinformationflowvi液体、气体、电等“流动”由具体到抽象比喻人或事物像水一样“流动”（液体、气体、电等）流动；流出（比喻人或事物像水一样）流逝；流畅；流淌flow

语义网络图流动、流出flow基本义Thefailureofthecompanywasadirect___________________（结果）ofbadmanagement.result正式用语根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。consequence/consequenceconsequencen

[C]结果；后果aresultofsththathashappened：face/taketheconsequencesTheconsequenceofarisingsealevelwouldbewidespreadflooding.

[U][正式用语]重要（性）；重大

importance：Don’tworry.It’soflittleconsequence.asaconsequence/inconsequence[正式用语]结果；因此asaresult：Shewasovertheagelimitand,asa/inconsequence,herapplicationwasrejected.asaconsequenceof/inconsequenceof[正式用语]由于……的缘故asaresultofsth：Myfathercoughsfrequentlyasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceofsmoking.比asaresult正式比asaresultof正式sumdoasumsum做算术总和sum词源解读sum来源于拉丁语summus（最高的）。在一组数字里面，古罗马人喜欢从底向上计数，然后把总数放在顶部。sum的词源义即为“总数（total）”。sumn[C]

[常用单数]总数；总和；全部：Thesumoftwoandtwoisfour.Thatisthesumofourexperience.

算术：doasuminone’shead

金额：alarge/smallsumofmoneyvi&vtsumup总结；概括：Hisspeechsummedupthepresentsituationofeconomy.Tosumup,forahealthyheartyoumusttakeregularexerciseandstopsmoking.summary（必修一Unit4）adj

概括的；扼要的：asummaryaccount/explanationn[C]总结；摘要；概要：insummaryCanyougivemeaquicksummaryofyourresearch?summarise/summarizevi&vt总结；概括；概述(sumup)：Tosummarise,thisisacleverapproachtoacommonproblem.【温故】词根formform（shape形状）-ula:完成物

(sthdone)formulauni-:一(one)uniform-al:……的(of)formal词根词缀单词派生词form（toform形成）

per-:彻底地(thoroughly)performperformancein-:入(into)informtrans-:到另一方(across)transformtransformationre-:再(again)reform-ation(名词后缀)formation-erformer1.Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshouldprotectthewaterresources.2010福建书面表达改2.Undernocircumstancesshouldwedoterriblethingstootherpeople.3.Manstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.4.Tosumup,forahealthyheartyoumusttakeregularexerciseandstopsmoking.本单元金句汇总随堂检测conclusion一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thesearethereports’mainconclusions.

____________2.Theconclusionisjustasimportantapartofyouressayastheintroduction.____________3.Newevidencemightleadtotheconclusionthatwearewrong.____________结论结尾推论二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Ican_______________________（得出结论）thateventhesmallestjobisalsothenecessaryparttokeepthesocietygoingsmoothly.（2013广东改）2.Don’t_______________________（贸然断定）beforeyouknowthefacts.3._______________________（最后）,IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.arriveat/cometo/draw/reachtheconclusionjumpaconclusionInconclusion一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Duetocircumstancesbeyondourcontrolthelecturewascancelled. ___________2.Theirfamilyfinancialcircumstances

arefrombadtoworse. ___________

二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Don’topenthedoor,__________________________（任何情况下）.2.Shemadeitclearthat__________________________（绝不）wouldshecancelthetrip.circumstance情况/情形经济状况in/underanycircumstancesin/undernocircumstances一、将下列短语或句子译成汉语。1.flowfreely_______________________2.flowinthewind

_______________________3.Riversflowintothesea._______________________4.Thecrowdflowedoutofthestation.

_______________________5.Tearsfloweddownhischeeks._______________________6.Thecoloredflagsflowinthewind._______________________7.Thelinesinthispaintingflow.

_______________________8.Herhairfloweddownherback.

_______________________

自由流动在风中流动百川归海。人群涌出车站。他泪流满面。彩旗迎风飘扬。这幅画线条流畅。她的头发飘垂在背后。flow二、将下列短语或句子译成英语。1.气流___________________________2.数据流___________________________3.缓缓地流淌____________________________4.流入大海

___________________________5.这条河流经这个城市。____________________________6.时间流逝。____________________________7.那条河自东向西流。____________________________8.河水漫过堤岸。___________________________

airflowdataflowflowquietlyflowintotheseaTheriverflowsthroughthecity.Timeflowsaway.Theriverflowsfromeasttowest.Theriverflowedoverthebank.根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Hebrokethelaw,andnowhemust______________________（承担…