浙江省金砖高中联盟2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析_第1页
浙江省金砖高中联盟2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析_第2页
浙江省金砖高中联盟2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析_第3页
浙江省金砖高中联盟2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析_第4页
浙江省金砖高中联盟2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析_第5页
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浙江省金砖高中联盟2024学年第一学期期中联考高一年级英语学科试题考生须知:1.本卷共八页满分150分,考试时间120分钟;2.答题前,在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字;3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上,写在试卷上无效;4.考试结束后,只需上交答题卷。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthewomanoffertobuythemanapen?A.Hisbirthdayiscoming.B.Hispenhasbeenbrokenbyher.C.Heusuallyhasnopenstowritewith.2.Whatwilltheboyprobablydonext?A.Stayathome.B.Goswimming.C.Havefunwithhismother.3.Whatkindoffooddoesthegirldislike?A.Onions.B.Tomatoes.C.Carrots.4.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthefootballcoach?A.Heisfair.B.Heisthebest.C.Heisimproving.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.Brotherandsister.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whenwillthespeakersarriveaccordingtotheman?A.At2:25p.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At2:40p.m.7.Whatmakesthewomanfeelworried?A.Gettingstuckintraffic.B.Seeinganaccident.C.Takingadifferentroad.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatkindoffireworksdothewoman’skidsprobablylike?A.Simpleones.B.Loudones.C.Quietones.9.WhatwillthewomanbringtotheGuyFawkesNight?A.Salad.B.Hotfood.C.Fireworks.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanoffice.B.Athome.C.Atanairport.11.Whatdoesthemanneedtodowiththereport?A.Readit.B.Changeit.C.Translateit.12.Wherewillthemeetingbeheld?A.InParis.B.InLondon.C.InStockholm.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Whatbooksthemanlikestoread.BWhatskillsthemancanimproveupon.C.Whatsubjectsthewomanlikestostudy.14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisreadingability?A.Worried.B.Uncertain.C.Confident.15.Whydoesthemanneedtolearnactingskills?A.Tounderstandtheplays.B.Tolearnthecharacters.C.Toknowmoreaboutthewriters.16.WhatdoweknowaboutHannah?A.SheisaTVactress.B.Sheisamemberofthedramaclub.C.Sheiscurrentlystudyingatuniversity.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whathascausedrealchangestotheland?A.Therisingtemperature.B.Thebusinessbuildings.C.Thegrowingnumberofcyclists.18.WhatistheLadybowerLakemainlyusedfor?A.Developingtourism.B.Storingwaterforpeople.C.Protectingtheenvironment.19.WhatisundertheLadybowerLake?A.Anentirevillage.B.Hiddentreasures.C.Damagedbicycles.20.Whencanthechurchbeseen?A.Afteraflood.B.Indryweather.C.Afterastrongwind.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分5分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。AChooseYourOne-Day-ToursintheUnitedStates!TourA—NewYorkCity:ImpressyourselfwiththebusycitywithavisittothefamouslandmarksoftheBigApple.ExploreTimesSquare,thecenterofthecitythatneversleeps,andwalkthroughthebeautifulCentralPark.Don’tmissthechancetoseetheworld-famousStatueofLibertyupclose.Price:$50.TourB—GrandCanyon:AppreciatetheamazingbeautyoftheGrandCanyon,oneofnature’sgreatestworks.TakeaguidedtouroftheSouthRimandbeamazedbythebreathtakingviewsofthedeep,colorfulcanyons.Catchunforgettablemomentswithimpressivephotoopportunities.Price:$80.TourC—SanFrancisco:Beginajourneytotheattractivecitybythebay.VisitthesplendidGoldenGateBridgewhereyoucantakebreathtakingphotosandexplorethelivelyFisherman’sWharf,andtakeaboattothehistoricAlcatrazIsland.Enjoyaguidedtourofthecity’slivelyneighborhoodsandsatisfyyourstomachwiththemouth-wateringdishes.Price:$60.TourD—MiamiBeach:Escapetothesunnyparadise(乐园)ofMiamiBeach.Startyourdaybyrelaxingontheunspoiledsandybeaches,batheyourselfinthelivelyenvironmentoftheArtDecoDistrict,andhaveanamazingexperienceinshoppinganddiningalongthefamousOceanDrivewhereyou’llfinduniquegiftstobringbackhome.Price:$45.ChooseyourfavouritetourandstartanunforgettableadventurethroughsomeofthemostfamousdestinationsintheUnitedStates.Clickheretobookyourone-daytournowandcreatememoriesthatwilllastalifetime.Pricesaresubjecttochange,sobookearlytoobtainyourspot!1.Whichtourwillyouchooseifyoulikenaturalwonders?A.TourA. B.TourB. C.TourC. D.TourD.2.WhatcanyouexperienceinbothTourCandTourD?A.Shoppingfortravelgifts.B.Tastingdeliciouslocalfood.C.Appreciatingdifferentkindsofarts.D.Experiencingthecity’shistoricalculture.3.Whatisthepossiblesourceofthistext?A.Anationalnewspaper. B.Amagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Awebsitepage.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文,介绍了四种美国一日游的行程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“TourB”中“GrandCanyon:AppreciatetheamazingbeautyoftheGrandCanyon,oneofnature’sgreatestworks.TakeaguidedtouroftheSouthRimandbeamazedbythebreathtakingviewsofthedeep,colorfulcanyons.(大峡谷:欣赏大峡谷的惊人之美,它是大自然最伟大的杰作之一。在导游的带领下游览南缘,你会被深邃多彩的峡谷的壮丽景色所震撼。)”可知,如果喜欢自然景观,你会选择TourB。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“TourC”中“Enjoyaguidedtourofthecity’slivelyneighborhoodsandsatisfyyourstomachwiththemouth-wateringdishes.(您可以在导游的带领下游览城市的热闹街区,用令人垂涎欲滴的菜肴来满足您的胃)”及“TourD”中“Escapetothesunnyparadise(乐园)ofMiamiBeach.Startyourdaybyrelaxingontheunspoiledsandybeaches,batheyourselfinthelivelyenvironmentoftheArtDecoDistrict,andhaveanamazingexperienceinshoppinganddiningalongthefamousOceanDrivewhereyou’llfinduniquegiftstobringbackhome.(在未被破坏的沙滩上放松,沐浴在装饰艺术区的热闹环境中,沿着著名的海洋大道购物和用餐,有一个令人惊叹的体验,在那里你会找到独特的礼物带回家)”可知,在Tour

C和Tour

D这两个行程中你都可以品味美味的当地食物。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ChooseyourfavouritetourandstartanunforgettableadventurethroughsomeofthemostfamousdestinationsintheUnitedStates.Clickheretobookyourone-daytournowandcreatememoriesthatwilllastalifetime.(选择你最喜欢的旅行,在美国一些最著名的目的地开始一次难忘的冒险。现在点击这里预订您的一日游,创造终生难忘的回忆)”可知,这篇文章可能来自一个网页。故选D。BLamineYamal’sjourneyisnothingshortofextraordinary.HewasborntoaMoroccanfatherandanEquatorialGuineanmother,andhisearlylifewasaffectedbytheseparationofhisparents.Hewasraisedinanot-so-wealthyareainMataró,bytheseainSpain.Eventhoughlifewastough,soccerbecamehiswayoutandeventuallyledhimtobecomewell-known.Atjust15yearsold,hemadehistoryasBarcelona’syoungestplayerevertomaketheirdebut(首秀),evenmoreimpressivethanlegendslikePeléandLionelMessiintermsofrapidriseinthesport.Whenhescoredagoal,hewouldmakeaspecialhandgesturetosignify“304”,whichrepresentedtheneighborhoodhegrewupin.It’seasytoforgetjusthowyoungYamalis.At16,herequiredspecialpermissionunderGermanlawtoplayineveningmatchesandhadaguardian(保卫者)withhimatalltimesduetohisage.Buthisagedidn’tholdhimback;instead,itshowedhowtalentedheis.A2-1victoryintheEuro2024finalmadehimastarasSpain’steenagegenius.Heplayedabigpartintheteam’ssuccess;hisgoalwaswhathelpedSpainwinagainstFranceinthesemi-final,andhealsohelpedhisteammateNicoWilliamsscorethefirstgoalinthefinal.Yamal’senergyandthefactthathe’shardtopredictareimportantfortheSpanishteam.Herepresentsabigchangeinsoccer,whereyoungplayersarebreakingtheruleswiththeirtalentanddetermination.Hisstoryservesasaninspiration,remindingusthatgreatnessoftencomesfromthemostunexpectedplaces,andthatwithpassion(热情)andstrongwill,eventheyoungestamonguscandoamazingthings.4.WhydoestheauthormentionPeléandMessi?A.Tocomparedifferentgreatplayers.B.ToshowYamal’soutstandingtalent.C.TodiscusstheirinfluenceonYamal.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofpeers.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutYamalfromthesecondparagraph?A.Hehasstruggledtogainattentionduetohisyoungage.B.Hisagehasstoppedhimfromshowinghisskillstothefullest.C.Hesingle-handedlyensuredSpain’svictoryintheEuro2024final.D.Hewasnotallowedtoplayinnightgameswithoutspecialpermission.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLamineYamal?A.Energeticandhonest.B.Determinedandtalented.C.Passionateandresponsible.D.Traditionalandstrong-willed.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheInspiringJourneyofLamineYamalinSoccer.B.ThechallengesLamineYamalfacedinhisearlylife.C.ThecomparisonbetweenYamalandotherfootballstars.D.Theimportanceofyouthfulenergyinachievinggreatnessinfootball.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了西班牙球员拉明·亚马尔的足坛励志之旅。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Atjust15yearsold,hemadehistoryasBarcelona’syoungestplayerevertomaketheirdebut(首秀),evenmoreimpressivethanlegendslikePeléandLionelMessiintermsofrapidriseinthesport.(年仅15岁的他就创造了历史,成为巴萨史上最年轻的首次亮相的球员,甚至比贝利和莱昂内尔·梅西这样的传奇人物在足球运动中的迅速崛起更令人印象深刻)”可推知,作者提及贝利和梅西是为了展示LamineYamal在足球方面的卓越才能。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’seasytoforgetjusthowyoungYamalis.At16,herequiredspecialpermissionunderGermanlawtoplayineveningmatchesandhadaguardian(保卫者)withhimatalltimesduetohisage.(人们很容易忘记亚马尔有多年轻。16岁时,根据德国法律,他需要特别许可才能参加晚间比赛,而且由于他的年龄,他必须有一名监护人随时陪同)”可推知,由于年龄太小,没有特别许可,他是不允许参加夜间比赛的。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Atjust15yearsold,hemadehistoryasBarcelona’syoungestplayerevertomaketheirdebut(首秀),evenmoreimpressivethanlegendslikePeléandLionelMessiintermsofrapidriseinthesport.(年仅15岁的他就创造了历史,成为巴萨史上最年轻的首次亮相的球员,甚至比贝利和莱昂内尔·梅西这样的传奇人物在足球运动中的迅速崛起更令人印象深刻)”及最后一段“Herepresentsabigchangeinsoccer,whereyoungplayersarebreakingtheruleswiththeirtalentanddetermination.(他代表了足球界的一个巨大变化,年轻球员用他们的天赋和决心打破了规则)”可推知,Yamal年轻时就表现出了巨大的足球天赋,且在踢球方面充满了决心和毅力。Determinedandtalented能最好地描述Yamal。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“LamineYamal’sjourneyisnothingshortofextraordinary.(拉明·亚马尔的旅程非同寻常)”及“Eventhoughlifewastough,soccerbecamehiswayoutandeventuallyledhimtobecomewell-known.Atjust15yearsold,hemadehistoryasBarcelona’syoungestplayerevertomaketheirdebut(首秀),evenmoreimpressivethanlegendslikePeléandLionelMessiintermsofrapidriseinthesport.(尽管生活很艰难,但足球成为了他的出路,并最终使他出名。年仅15岁的他就创造了历史,成为巴萨史上最年轻的首次亮相的球员,甚至比Pelé和莱昂内尔·梅西这样的传奇人物在足球运动中的迅速崛起更令人印象深刻)”可知,本文介绍了西班牙球员拉明·亚马尔的鼓舞人心的踢球天赋、决心和获得的成就。由此可知,A选项“拉明·亚马尔的足坛励志之旅”符合主旨。故选A。CPsychologicalavoidance(心理回避)oravoidingemotions,acommonwaytoescapepainfulanduncomfortablethoughts,feelingsorsituations,canharmtheemotionalwell-beingandpersonalgrowthofhighschoolfreshmen.Actually,psychologicalavoidancecanleadtoincreasedlevelsofanxietyandstress.Avoidingfearsandworriesonlyallowsthemtogrowstronger.Byavoidingchallengingsituations,itpreventsstudentsfromdevelopingimportantskills,limitingtheiropportunitiesforself-discoveryandimprovement.ThefamousauthorJ.K.Rowlingoncesaid,“Itisimpossibletolivewithoutfailingatsomething,unlessyoulivesocarefullythatyoumightaswellnothavelivedatall.”Psychologicalavoidancedirectlyaffectshowwellstudentsdointheirstudies.Freshmenwhoturntoavoidancewillalwaysprocrastinate,orevenmissdeadlines.Byavoidingthenecessaryeffortsandtasksrequiredforlearning,studentsmaystruggletogaininformation,reducingtheopportunitytosucceedingrades.Psychologicalavoidancecanalsocausestressordiscomforttorelationships.Highschoolstudentsmayavoiddiscussingtheirfeelingswithfriendsorfamilymembers,leadingtomisunderstandingsandabreakdownincommunication.Insteadofdealingwiththeiremotions,theyholdbackorhidethemselves.Studentsmissoutonthechancetodeepentheirconnectionswithfriends,familyandpeers(同龄人),makingitharderforthemtoformhealthyrelationships.Psychologicalavoidancemayprovidecomfortforashortperiod,butinthelongrunitcanhavenegativeimpactsonourmentalhealth,personalgrowth,academicperformance,relationshipsandotheraspectsoflife.Breakingfreefromavoidancebehaviorsisimportantforacademicsuccessandself-confidence,andrecognizingtheharmfuleffectsofavoidanceisthefirststep.8.J.K.Rowlingmightagreethatbyavoidingchallengingsituations,______.A.wefailtodiscoverourthoughtsandfeelings.B.wecanavoidfailingatsomethingmoreeasily.C.wemissoutonvaluablelearningexperiences.D.wehaveopportunitiestoavoidfearsandworries.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“procrastinate”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Putofftasks. B.Escapefromreality.C.Missoutonchances. D.Getoutofcontrol.10.Howdoespsychologicalavoidanceaffectstudents’abilitytoformhealthyrelationships?A.Itleadstodifficultdiscussions.B.Itstopstheirconnectionswithothers.C.Itmakesthemfailtomakenewfriends.D.Itcausesthemtoescapefurthercommunication.11.Whatwillthefollowingparagraphprobablytalkabout?A.Theharmfuleffectsofpsychologicalavoidance.B.Theformsofpsychologicalavoidancebehaviors.C.Thestrategiesofovercomingpsychologicalavoidance.D.Theimportanceofbreakingfreefromavoidancebehaviors.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了心理回避对于新的高中生的危害。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Byavoidingchallengingsituations,itpreventsstudentsfromdevelopingimportantskills,limitingtheiropportunitiesforself-discoveryandimprovement.ThefamousauthorJ.K.Rowlingoncesaid,“Itisimpossibletolivewithoutfailingatsomething,unlessyoulivesocarefullythatyoumightaswellnothavelivedatall.”(通过避免具有挑战性的情况,它阻止了学生发展重要的技能,限制了他们自我发现和提高的机会。著名作家J.K·罗琳曾经说过:“生活中不可能没有失败,除非你生活得如此谨慎,否则你还不如根本没有生活过。”)”可推知,避免挑战性会阻止学生自我发现和提高,因此,会导致错过宝贵的学习经验。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Freshmenwhoturntoavoidancewillalways(逃避的新生总是)”及后文“orevenmissdeadlines.Byavoidingthenecessaryeffortsandtasksrequiredforlearning,studentsmaystruggletogaininformation,reducingtheopportunitytosucceedingrades.(甚至错过最后期限。通过避免必要的努力和学习所需的任务,学生可能难以获得信息,减少了在成绩上取得成功的机会。)”可知,逃避的新生总是会拖延或者最终错过期限,划线词表示“拖延任务”putofftasks。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Highschoolstudentsmayavoiddiscussingtheirfeelingswithfriendsorfamilymembers,leadingtomisunderstandingsandabreakdownincommunication.Insteadofdealingwiththeiremotions,theyholdbackorhidethemselves.Studentsmissoutonthechancetodeepentheirconnectionswithfriends,familyandpeers(同龄人),makingitharderforthemtoformhealthyrelationships.(高中生可能会避免与朋友或家人讨论他们的感受,导致误解和沟通的中断。他们不去处理自己的情绪,而是退缩或隐藏自己。学生们失去了与朋友、家人和同龄人加深联系的机会,这使得他们更难建立健康的关系。)”可知,心理回避会导致学生逃避进一步的交流,从而难以建立健康的关系。故选D。11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Breakingfreefromavoidancebehaviorsisimportantforacademicsuccessandself-confidence,andrecognizingtheharmfuleffectsofavoidanceisthefirststep.(摆脱回避行为对学业成功和自信心至关重要,认识到回避的有害影响是第一步。)”可推知,文章最后提到如何摆脱回避行为的第一步,因此,后文会说明克服心理回避的策略。故选C。DAsweage,thequalityofoursleepexperiencesgreatchanges,whicharelikelytoincreaseourriskofdevelopingneurodegenerativediseasessuchasdementia(痴呆).Arecentstudyhasshownhowthelossofslow-wavesleep—averyimportantstageforbrainhealth—relatedtoanincreasedriskofdevelopingdementiaovertime.Slow-wavesleep,alsoknownasdeepsleep,isthethirdstageofthesleepcycle.It’sduringthisperiodthatthebrainplaysanactiveroleinrestorativeprocesses(恢复过程),includingtheclearanceofunwantedormaterialsthatcouldhurt,suchasbeta-amyloidprotein.ThisproteinisespeciallyimportantforustoknowaboutAlzheimer’sdisease,themostcommonformofdementia.InthestudyledbyMatthewP.Pase,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyandneurologyatMonashUniversityinAustralia,researchersdiscoveredthatagingwasrelatedtoanoticeabledecreaseintheamountofslow-wavesleep.Moreover,peopleexperiencinggreaterreductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimeexhibitedahigherriskofdevelopingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up.Dr.RichardIsaacson,directorofresearchattheInstituteforNeurodegenerativeDiseasesinFlorida,stressedtheimportanceofthesefindings.Hehighlightedthatslow-wavesleepisconsideredthemostrestorativeperiodforthebrain.Thestudypointsuptheimportanceofnotjustmonitoringthetotalhoursofsleepbutalsofocusingonthequalityofsleeptoreducetheriskofcognitive(认知的)declineanddementia.Thisresearchaddstothegrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingthatsleepqualityplaysanimportantroleinmaintainingcognitivehealth.Aswecontinuetouncoverthemysteriesofsleepanditsimpactonthebrain,actionsaimedatimprovingsleepqualitycouldpossiblybecomeakeyfactorinthepreventionandmanagementofdementia.Inconclusion,thestudyservesasapowerfulreminderofthecloseconnectionbetweensleepandbrainhealth.Byhighlightingsleepqualityandseekingmedicaladvicewhenexperiencingsleepissues,peoplecantakepreventativestepstowardssafeguardingtheircognitivewell-beingastheyage.12.Whatisthemainfocusofthestudydiscussedinthepassage?A.Agingandsleepqualityinrelationtoneurodegenerativediseases.B.Theeffectivenessofvarioussleepmedicationsforslow-wavesleep.C.Theroleofdietinpreventingdementiaandothercognitiveproblems.D.Thebenefitsofphysicalexerciseforimprovingsleepqualityinolderadults.13.Whichofthefollowingfactorsmayleadtodementia?A.High-qualitysleep. B.Harmfulmaterials.C.Beta-amyloidprotein. D.Alargeamountofsleep.14.Whatdotheresearcherssuggestreadersdo?A.Peopleshouldmaintainagoodlivingenvironment.B.Peopleshouldtakemeasurestopreventtheagingprocess.C.Peopleshouldbeawareoftheconnectionbetweensleepandbrainwell-being.D.Peopleshouldhighlightseekingmedicalsupportastheynoticehealthproblems.15Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactofAgingonSleepPatterns.B.TheBenefitsofDeepSleepforBrainHealth.C.HighlightingSleepQualitytoPreventAging.D.ImprovingSleepQualitytoGuardAgainstDementia.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了深度睡眠减少与老年人痴呆风险增加之间的联系,强调改善睡眠质量对预防认知衰退的重要性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Asweage,thequalityofoursleepexperiencesgreatchanges,whicharelikelytoincreaseourriskofdevelopingneurodegenerativediseasessuchasdementia(痴呆).Arecentstudyhasshownhowthelossofslow-wavesleep—averyimportantstageforbrainhealth—relatedtoanincreasedriskofdevelopingdementiaovertime.(随着年龄的增长,我们的睡眠质量会发生显著变化,这些变化可能会增加我们患神经退行性疾病(如痴呆)的风险。最近的一项研究表明,慢波睡眠——对大脑健康非常重要的一个阶段——的丧失与随着时间推移患痴呆风险的增加有关)”可知,这篇文章主要讨论的是随着年龄的增长,睡眠质量和神经退行性疾病之间的关系。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’sduringthisperiodthatthebrainplaysanactiveroleinrestorativeprocesses(恢复过程),includingtheclearanceofunwantedormaterialsthatcouldhurt,suchasbeta-amyloidprotein.ThisproteinisespeciallyimportantforustoknowaboutAlzheimer’sdisease,themostcommonformofdementia.(在这个阶段,大脑在修复过程中扮演着积极的角色,包括清除可能造成伤害的不需要的物质,比如β-淀粉样蛋白。这种蛋白质对于我们了解阿尔茨海默病尤为重要,因为阿尔茨海默病是最常见的痴呆形式)”可知,β-淀粉样蛋白是导致痴呆的重要因素之一。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inconclusion,thestudyservesasapowerfulreminderofthecloseconnectionbetweensleepandbrainhealth.Byhighlightingsleepqualityandseekingmedicaladvicewhenexperiencingsleepissues,peoplecantakepreventativestepstowardssafeguardingtheircognitivewell-beingastheyage.(总之,这项研究有力地提醒了睡眠与大脑健康之间的密切联系。通过关注睡眠质量并在遇到睡眠问题时寻求医疗建议,人们可以在老化过程中采取预防措施来保护自己的认知健康)”可知,研究人员建议人们应当意识到睡眠与脑健康之间的联系,并在遇到睡眠问题时寻求医疗建议。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Asweage,thequalityofoursleepexperiencesgreatchanges,whicharelikelytoincreaseourriskofdevelopingneurodegenerativediseasessuchasdementia(痴呆).Arecentstudyhasshownhowthelossofslow-wavesleep—averyimportantstageforbrainhealth—relatedtoanincreasedriskofdevelopingdementiaovertime.(随着年龄的增长,我们的睡眠质量会发生显著变化,这些变化可能会增加我们患神经退行性疾病(如痴呆)的风险。最近的一项研究表明,慢波睡眠——对大脑健康非常重要的一个阶段——的丧失与随着时间推移患痴呆风险的增加有关)”和最后一段“Inconclusion,thestudyservesasapowerfulreminderofthecloseconnectionbetweensleepandbrainhealth.Byhighlightingsleepqualityandseekingmedicaladvicewhenexperiencingsleepissues,peoplecantakepreventativestepstowardssafeguardingtheircognitivewell-beingastheyage.(总之,这项研究有力地提醒了睡眠与大脑健康之间的密切联系。通过关注睡眠质量并在遇到睡眠问题时寻求医疗建议,人们可以在老化过程中采取预防措施来保护自己的认知健康)”可知,文章主要讨论了通过改善睡眠质量来预防痴呆的重要性,包括慢波睡眠(深度睡眠)对于大脑健康的积极作用,以及随年龄增长慢波睡眠减少与痴呆风险增加之间的关联。因此,选项D“提高睡眠质量以预防痴呆”最能概括文章的核心内容,是文章的最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分。满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A-G选项中选出能补全短文的最佳选项。其中两项为多余选项。Recently,smartwatchesandfitnesstrackers(健身追踪器)aregettingincreasinglypopular,allowinguserstomonitortheirdailyactivitiessuchasstepcountsandheartrates.____16____Ifyes,itmightbeasignthatyou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker.____17____Ifyoukeepsettingunrealisticdailygoalsthatinvolveworkingoutfortoolong,andifyoubegintoignorefriendsandresponsibilitiestomaketimeforyourworkout,thenyou’remostprobablyaddictedtoyourfitnesstracker.It’sabigchallengetoovercometheaddictiontofitnesstrackers.Afterall,reachingadailystepcountcanbesoattractive.____18____Ofcourse,failingtomeetyourdailygoalcanbediscouraging.Youmightfocusonyourshortcomingsratherthanyourprogress.____19____Actually,thisaddictiontostepcountcanberisky,mentallyandphysically.Therefore,ifyou’respendingtoomuchtimelookingatyoursmartwatch,limityourdailystepcounttoacomfortablelevel.____20____Forexample,concentratingonyourhobbiesorsocializingwithfriendscanbeagreatwaytokeepyourmindonotherthings.A.Don’toveruseyoursmartwatch.B.Itfailstoexpresswhatyou’rereallyfeeling.C.Howcanyoutellwhetheryou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker?D.However,doyoufindyourselfexaminingyourstepcountandheartratetoooften?E.Besides,youcanfindotheractivitiestotakewithoutconstantlycheckingyourfitnesstracker.F.Forexample,thenumberinyoursmartwatchshowinghowfaryou’vecomecangiveyouasenseofachievement.G.Anotherproblemisthatyoumightfindyourselfpayingtoomuchattentiontothestepnumberratherthanhowyourbodyfeels.【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.G20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在人们容易对健身追踪器上瘾,并建议人们戒除对这些健身追踪器的上瘾。【16题详解】根据上文“Recently,smartwatchesandfitnesstrackers(健身追踪器)aregettingincreasinglypopular,allowinguserstomonitortheirdailyactivitiessuchasstepcountsandheartrates.(最近,智能手表和健身追踪器越来越受欢迎,用户可以监控他们的日常活动,比如步数和心率)”及下文“Ifyes,itmightbeasignthatyou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker.(如果是,这可能表明你对健身追踪器上瘾了)”可知,空处为一般疑问句,且和对健身追踪器上瘾相关。由此可知,D选项“然而,你是否发现自己过于频繁地检查步伐和心率?”能够承上启下,符号语境。故选D项。【17题详解】根据下文“Ifyoukeepsettingunrealisticdailygoalsthatinvolveworkingoutfortoolong,andifyoubegintoignorefriendsandresponsibilitiestomaketimeforyourworkout,thenyou’remostprobablyaddictedtoyourfitnesstracker.(如果你一直设定不切实际的日常目标,包括锻炼太久,如果你开始忽略朋友和责任来腾出时间锻炼,那么你很可能对健身追踪器上瘾了)”可知,下文举例说明如何判断自己对健身追踪器上瘾。由此推知,空处提问“如何判断自己对健身追踪器上瘾”。C选项“你如何判断自己是否对健身追踪器上瘾?”能够衔接下文,符合语境。故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文“Afterall,reachingadailystepcountcanbesoattractive.(毕竟,达到每天的步数是如此吸引人)”可知,选项承接上文具体说明是如何吸引人的。由此可知,F选项“例如,智能手表上显示你走了多远的数字可以给你一种成就感”能够衔接上文,符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】根据上文“Ofcourse,failingtomeetyourdailygoalcanbediscouraging.Youmightfocusonyourshortcomingsratherthanyourprogress.(当然,达不到每天的目标会让人沮丧。你可能会关注自己的缺点而不是进步)”可知,选项与上文为并列关系说明出现的另一个问题。由此可知,G选项“另一个问题是,你可能会发现自己过于关注步数,而不是身体的感觉。”能够衔接上文,符合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】根据下文“Forexample,concentratingonyourhobbiesorsocializingwithfriendscanbeagreatwaytokeepyourmindonotherthings.(例如,专注于你的爱好或与朋友社交是让你专注于其他事情的好方法)”可知,下文建议我们做一些与健身追踪器无关的事情。由此可知,E选项“此外,你可以找其他事情做,而不需要检查你的健身追踪器。”能够衔接下文,符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共四节,满分55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Alicewaseverywhere,untilsuddenly,shewasn’t.Imetheratadinnerparty____21____byRichardwhohadinvitedusalltohishouse.Thatnight,Alice’sdark,shiningeyes____22____mineacrossthetable.“Iknowyoufrom____23____.”Shesaid.Wesattogetherandhadthegetting-to-know-you____24____.Aweeklater,onmymorningrun,I____25____Aliceagainandnowweknew.“ThisiswhereIseeyou!”Webothexclaimed____26____!____27____,wehadunknowinglypassedeachothercountlesstimesonthetrailduringourmorningjog.Soon,webeganjoggingtogethereveryday,andwhatstartedasa____28____exercisebecameanimportantpartofmylife.Overthemonths,AliceandIdiscoveredwehadbeen____29____eachothermoreplacesthanthetrail(小路).Wehadworkedinthesameofficebuilding,attendedthesameevents,and____30____inthesamesocialcirclesbeforewemet.Once,ItoldheraboutDavid,my____31____husband,wholosthislifeinaterribleaccident.Inatwistoffate,AlicetoldmethatDavidhadbeentheERdoctorwhotriedtosaveherfirsthusband.Itfeltlikedestinythatbroughtustogether.Onespringday,whilewewerejogging,Alicefell.Itrieddesperatelytosaveher,butshewas____32____.Herdeath____33____melikeahammer(锤子),leavingaholeIcouldn’tfill.Afewdayslater,Ireturnedtothe____34____,feelingsad.There,ImetamanwhohadhelpedmeduringAlice’scollapse.Westartedwalkingtogether,andaswetalked,IcouldhearAlice’swords:Iamgoingtofindhimforyou,yournextsoulmate.Isuddenlyrealized:Alicehadkepther____35____.21.A.operated B.ran C.conducted D.hosted22.A.met B.caught C.fixed D.flashed23.A.everywhere B.somewhere C.anywhere D.nowhere24.A.discussion B.debate C.conversation D.argument25.A.ranon B.ranat C.raninto D.ranafter26.A.naturally B.secretly C.curiously D.excitedly27.A.Actually B.Finally C.Obviously D.Similarly28.A.simple B.challenging C.physical D.positive29.A.impressing B.passing C.admiring D.tracking30.A.wentout B.hangout C.headedout D.setout31.A.dying B.failed C.late D.last32.A.missing B.lost C.gone D.absent33.A.hit B.defeated C.cut D.left34.A.hospital B.office C.party D.trail35.A.dream B.promise C.goal D.role【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.C26.D27.A28.A29.B30.B31.C32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者与Alice之间独特而深刻的缘分与友谊,以及Alice去世后作者生活中的转变。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我是在Richard举办的一次晚宴上认识她的,他邀请我们所有人去他家。A.operated操作;B.ran跑;C.conduct

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