2025届高考英语二轮复习专项解密13阅读理解之细节理解题含解析VIP

解密13阅读理解之细微环节理解题序号题型真题Part1解密高考考点综述备考建议Part2对点解密考点精准说1...真题对点析1...对点模拟练1...Part3强化集训真题模测、典题模测Part1解密高考【考点综述】高考中细微环节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。细微环节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一详细事实和细微环节进行理解。它们大都是依据文章中的详细信息如事实、例证、缘由、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中干脆找到答案，有些则须要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非推断、图形比较等。【备考建议】做细微环节理解题时，应当留意以下的命题方式：1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；2.以是非题的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；3.以Accordingto…开头提问方式；4.以填空题的形式，如：（1）Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.（2）Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.（3）Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.（4）Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.（5）Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.（6）Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.5.就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。做细微环节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏肯定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培育自己快速获得信息的实力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而经常可实行“带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地分辨和记忆事实或细微环节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中找寻与此问题相关的段落、语句．细致品尝，比照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用解除法．将“无此细微环节”和“与此细微环节相反”的选项解除。了解细微环节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般状况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相像，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。有的细微环节理解题只要干脆分辨不要求读者对客观的事实作出说明或推断，只要求从阅读材料中干脆获得信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细微环节，在必要的时候（做推断、推断或结论的时候）能够精确而快速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，干脆得出答案，但要留意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细微环节理解题就须要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获得信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细微环节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的推断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此须要我们在阅读中特殊细致才能捕获到真正有用的信息。Part2对点解密【考点精准说】1→描写类细微环节题描写类细微环节题，经常考查考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事务的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较干脆，一般不太须要考生对它们进行较深化的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较干脆地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。【真题对点析】1（2024·海南高考真题）Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush（灌木丛）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（树冠层）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain-yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（湿气）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.1．Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A．Theyproduceoxygen. B．Theycoveravastarea.C．Theyarewellmanaged. D．Theyarerichinwildlife.2．Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A．Heavyrains B．Bigtrees.C．Smallplants. D．Forestanimals.3．Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A．Formoresunlight. B．Formoregrowingspace.C．Forself-protection. D．Forthedetectionofinsects.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Life-GivingRainforests B．TheLawoftheJungleC．AnimalsintheAmazon D．WeatherinRainforests【答案】1．D2．B【分析】本文是说明文。热带雨林被称为“世界上最大的药房”，因为超过25%的现代药物是由其植物提炼。热带雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美誉，因其植物的光合作用净化地球空气的实力尤为强大。仅亚马逊热带雨林产生的氧气就占全球氧气总量的1/3。1．细微环节理解题。依据第一段Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.得知，热带雨林隐藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。可知，热带雨林有丰富的野生动物，故选D。2．细微环节理解题。依据其次段Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（树冠层）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.得知，热带雨林有自己完备的生存体系，高大的树木有枝干，树叶的树冠层爱护树木本身、小植物、动物们免受大雨和太阳强风带来的干燥热浪的损害。可知，大树有助于热带雨林生存，故选B。【对点模拟练】1Duringthecoldwinterdays,therearesomeinterestingfestivals(节日)intheworld.Lookatthefollowingones.HarbinIceandSnowFestivalPlace:ChinaTime:January5toFebruary5Peoplebuildincrediblethingsoutoficeandsnow,decoratingthemwithlights.TheCarnivalofVenicePlace:ItalyTime:betweenFebruaryandMarchOneofthemostbeautifulfestivalsintheworld,peoplewearmasksandelaboratecostumestohidedifferencesamongclasses,andtherearecontestsforthebestcostumers.HoliFestivalPlace:IndiaTime:lateFebruary/March,onthelastdullmoondayHindusandSikhs,inIndia,Nepal,andSriLankacelebratethemaindayofthisincrediblyfun16-dayfestivalbythrowingcoloredpowderandwaterateachother.SundanceFilmFestivalPlace:Utah,theUSTime:endofFebruaryThelargestindependentfilmfestivalintheUS.Watchbothfeaturefilmsandshorts.Youneedtobuyaticket.1．Whichofthefollowingfestivalscan’tbecelebratedattheendofFebruary?A．SundanceFilmFestival. B．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.C．HoliFestival. D．TheCarnivalofVenice.2．Ifyouwanttowatchwonderfulfilms,youmaygoto.A．India B．ChinaC．America D．Italy3．IfyougotoEurope,whichfestivalcanyoucelebrate?A．SundanceFilmFestival. B．HoliFestival.C．TheCarnivalofVenice. D．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.【答案】1．B2．C3．C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬季的一些好玩的节日。1．细微环节理解题。依据HarbinIceandSnowFestival部分中的Time:January5toFebruary5可知，哈尔滨冰雪节的庆祝时间是一月五日到二月五日，因此不能在二月底庆祝的是哈尔滨冰雪节。故选B。2．细微环节理解题。依据SundanceFilmFestival部分中的ThelargestindependentfilmfestivalintheUS.Watchbothfeaturefilmsandshorts.Youneedtobuyaticket.可知，美国最大的独立电影节。看故事片和短片。你须要买一张票。由此可知，要想看很棒的电影，你或许可以去美国。故选C。3．细微环节理解题。依据TheCarnivalofVenice部分的Place:Italy可知，TheCarnivalofVenice是意大利的节日，去欧洲可以参与威尼斯狂欢节。故选C。【考点精准说】2--→信息找寻题、广告阅读题信息找寻题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时辰表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息特别全面，能满意各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，经常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾细致阅读，因为材料中有许多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采纳“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后依据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速找寻有效信息。广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速找寻信息题。但是广告有着其他快速找寻信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细微环节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必需具备较强的语言运用实力，熟识文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推想等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推想法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采纳“题干定向法”。（1）补全成分法省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加精确地理解。如：Driverwanted.依据文义，可将该句补充为：Adriverwillbewanted.(聘请一名司机)。（2）联想推想法在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就须要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。为节约篇幅，特殊是在商业广告中，常运用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：Tel.=telephonenumberPh.=phoneAdd(r).=addressco.=companyLtd=LimitedMax=maximumMin=minimumhr=hourt=timefig=figureft=footml=miledoz=dozenMt=MountainP=pageprof.=professorDr.=doctors=southn=northw=westSta=Stationpop=popularvs=versusXmas=Christmasinfo=informationVIP=veryimportantpersonshrs=hoursaft=afterad=advertisementp/t=parttimeexp=experiencedPC=personalcomputerMA=MasterofArtsBSdegree=bachelor'sdegree(学士学位)【真题对点析】2（2024·北京高考真题）Lancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderintheonlinelanguagelearningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers.Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoalofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.Ourcourses,totalling20,000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway.AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Lancomtrainsyourbraintolearnefficiently,soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit.Theappmakesourpracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever.Weworkdirectlyforourleaners,notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone,emailandonlinechat.Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.Lancomcaresaboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningtype.Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal-lifetopicsthatarerelevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest.Youwill,finditveryrewardingtolearnwithLancom.ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted1month3months6months12months$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/mBuywithconfidence:21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren'tsatisfied,justwritetoCustomerServicewithin21days.Contact&Support:customerservice@lancom17．WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?A．Cultureresearchers. B．AIspecialists. C．Languageexperts. D．Artdesigners.18．WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp?A．Aflexiblesystem. B．Aneffectivemethod.C．Thebrain-trainingtechnique. D．Theinformativecontent.19．Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits___________.A．personalisedcourses B．multiplelanguagesC．pricingpolicy D．serviceteam【答案】17．C18．B19．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序，介绍了其特色、价格以及联系方式等信息。17．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.”可知，在人工智能专家、艺术设计师和文化探讨者的建议下，我们的多语言专家为Lancom在语言学习领域供应了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知，语言专家为Lancom供应学习创新的巨大潜力。故选C。18．细微环节理解题。依据其次段“AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.”可知，Lancom的核心是一种世界级的有效方法，利用先进的技术来增加语言学习。由此可知，Lancom应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选B。19．细微环节理解题。依据第四段中“Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.”可知，Lancom是唯一一款为您的母语量身定制课程的产品，以您已经驾驭的语法和单词为基础，由此可知，Lancom声称它的特性化课程是独一无二的。故选A。【对点模拟练】24StudyandHomeworkAppsforAndroid!BrainlyPrice：Free/$15per3months/$24peryearBrainlyisasocialnetworkforlearners.Yousignup,askquestions,andgetanswers(usually).Additionally,youcanbrowsethesite,answerotherpeople'squestions,andhelpthemoutaswell.ThereTheychargeonaquarterbasis($15)orayearlybasis($24).ForestPrice:Free/Upto$1.99Forestisadifferenttypeofapp.Oneofthebiggestdistractionsduringstudyisyoursmartphone.Foresthelpsputastoptothat.Youopentheappandatreegrows.Thetreediesifyouleavetheapp.Thus,thereisalittlemotivationtoleavethethingalonewhileyoustudyordohomework.GooglePlayBooksPrice:Freeapp,bookcostsvaryGooglePlayBooksisanexcellentsourceoflearningmaterial.Sometimesyourtextbookjustisn'tenoughandappslikethishaveplentyofadditionalresources.Bookscostmoneyobviously.However,youonlypayforthemonce.Booksareavailableofflineonyoursmartphoneortablet.QuizletPrice:Free/$19.99peryearQuizletisoneofthemostpopularflashcardappsforlanguagelearning.Youcancreateflashcardsplaymemorygames,andevenshareflashcardswithclassmates.Italsosupports18languagesforaboutanysubjectortopic.Thefreeversionshouldworkjustfineforsimpleuses,though.Thepremiumversioncosts$19.99peryear,whichisn'texpensiveforastudyaid.21.WhatisspecialaboutForest?A.Ithelpskeepyoufocused.B.Itanswersyourquestions.C.Itprovidestextbooksforyourstudy.D.Itmotivatesyoutoplantmoretrees.22.Quizletisdesignedfor________.A.BookwormsB.JobseekersC.GameplayersD.Languagelearners23.Whatdotheseappshaveincommon?A.Theyprovideinterestinggamesforlearners.B.Theychargeforsomeservices.C.Theyhaveenoughlearningresources.D.Theyaredesignedtodohomeworkquickly.【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个安卓系统的学习应用程序。【答案】A细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Oneofthebiggestdistractionsduringstudyisyoursmartphone.Foresthelpsputastoptothat.”可知，学习时最大的干扰之一就是你的智能手机。Forest有助于阻挡发生这种状况，由此可知，Forest的特殊之处是能够帮助你集中留意力，故A项正确。22.【答案】D细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Quizletisoneofthemostpopularflashcardappsforlanguagelearning.”可知，Quizlet是最流行的语言学习抽认卡应用程序之一故D项正确。23.【答案】B细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Price：Free/$15per3months/$24peryear”，其次段中的“Price:Free/Upto$1.99”，第三段中的“Price:Freeapp,bookcostsvary”及第四段中的“Price:Free/$19.99peryear”等信息可知，这四个应用程序都会针对一些服务收费，故B项正确。【考点精准说】3→数据计算题此类试题一般要求考生能依据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简洁，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目困难用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采纳“列表法”，即按肯定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清楚，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太困难的数据，可采纳“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简洁的运算就可得出。【真题对点析】3【2024·全国新课标II】TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct，SuntoThurs.Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct)Town:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotHallartGallery&MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall’stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Sumner.10.30-16.00Winter.Town:KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere’ssomethingforeveryone!Open:HighSeason1Apr–31Oct:MontoSat10.00–17.00,Sun11.00–17.00.LowSeason1Nov–31Mar:MontoSat10.00–16.30,Sun12.00–16.30.Town:CarlisleDoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth’sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09.30–17.30(lastadmission17.00).Town:Grasmere21．WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A．09.30-17.30. B．10.30-16.00. C．11.15-16.00. D．12.00-16.3022．WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A．EnjoyRonney’sworks.B．Havesomeinteractivefun.C．Attendafamousfestival.D．Learnthehistoryofafamily23．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth’slife?A．Penrith. B．Kendal. C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.【答案】21．C22．A23．D【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。21．细微环节理解题。依据题干中的DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens可知定位在第一部分，依据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C.11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。22．细微环节理解题。依据题干中的AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum可知答案定位在其次部分，依据其中的TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.(令人印象深刻的永久性保藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览支配有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以观赏到Romneys的作品。A.EnjoyRomney'sworks.(观赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。23．细微环节理解题。依据题干中的exploreWordsworth'slife可知答案定位在最终一部分第一句，以及最终一行Town:Grasmere可知，假如想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D.Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。【对点模拟练】3（2024·全国高考真题）POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D．C．foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.61．Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Six.62．Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A．Aplaneticket. B．AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C．AspecialT-shirt. D．AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.63．Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A．Typingyourpoemout. B．Writingapoemof120words.C．Usingbothsidesofthepaper. D．MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】61．A62．C【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。61．细微环节理解题。依据Prizes部分中第一段中的“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。62．细微环节理解题。依据Prizes部分中第三段“50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最终一次飞行的T恤。故选C。(2024·江苏卷，A)TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYork,NY10028211-535-7710EntrancesFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOpen7daysaweek.Sunday-Thursday10:00-17:30FridayandSaturday10:00-21:00ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMay.Admission$25.00recommendedforadults,$12.00recommendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊）onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.FreewithAdmissionAllspecialexhibitions,aswellasfilms,lectures,guidedtours,concerts,gallerytalks,andfamily/children'sprogramsarefreewithadmission.Askabouttoday'sactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesk.TheCloistersMuseumandGardensTheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.Hours:Open7daysaweek.March-October10:00-17:15November-February10:00-16:45ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1.56.Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?A.$12. B.$37. C.$50. D.$62【文章大意】本文为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt的地理位置、开放时间、门票收取、展出内容以及分馆TheCloistersMuseumandGardens的相关状况。56.C【解析】数字计算题。依据admission部分中的$25recommendedforadults，$12recommendedforstudents，freeforchildrenunder12withanadult可知11岁的女孩和她父母去参观博物馆只需付两个成人的票价即25×2=50，故答案为C。【考点精准说】4→排序题、图文转换题和代词指代题解题技能排序题这种试题要求考生依据事情发生的先后依次和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事务的正确依次。做此类题目可采纳＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事务和最终一个事务，这样可以快速缩小选择范围，从而快速找到答案。阅读理解的文章假如是记叙文，排序题通常以事务发生的时间为线索；假如是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后依次为线索；假如是争论文，排序题通常以逻辑依次为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。图文转换题此类试题要求依据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或依据图形选出相应的文字。可采纳“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，快速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。代词指代题解题技能代词指代题要求考生肯定的上下文推想代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较困难的状况下运用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。【真题对点析】4（2024·新课标卷III））OnoneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago,EudoraWeltydecidedtotakeacoupleofNewYorkfriendsouttodinner.TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSlidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.＂Hey,aren’tyoufromMississippi?＂theelegant,white-hairedwriterrememberedbeingaskedbythestranger.＂I’mfromMississippitoo.＂Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup,shealsopulledupachair.＂TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi,＂Weltysaid.＂Ididn’tknowwhatmyNewYorkfriendswerethinking.＂TaxisonarainyNewYorknightarerarerthansunshine.Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave,itwaspouringoutside.Welty’snewfriendsimmediatelysentawaitertofindacab.Headingbackdowntowntowardherhotel,herbig-cityfriendswereamazedattheturnofeventsthathadchangedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippistatereunion(团聚).＂Myfriendssaid:‘Nowwebelieveyourstories,’＂Weltyadded.＂AndIsaid:‘Nowyouknow.Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.’＂Sittingonasofainherroom,Welty,aslimfigureinasimplegraydress,lookedpleasedwiththisexplanation.＂Idon’tmakethemup,＂shesaidofthecharactersinherfictiontheselast50orsoyears.＂Idon’thaveto.＂Beauticians,bartenders,pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats,Welty’speoplecomefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends,fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheardonabus.ItannoysWeltythat,at78,herleftearhasnowgivenout.Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain,shehearsonlyafragment(片段)ofaparticularlyinterestingstory.26.Theunderlinedword＂them＂inParagraph6referstoWelty’s_______.A.readersB.partiesC.friendsD.stories【文章大意】文章介绍了一位女作家请纽约的挚友吃饭时发生的故事。Welty是一位年纪比较大的作家，她来自密西西比。Welty的作品都是来自于现实的生活。26.D【解析】画线的them指代前面提到的人或物，依据＂Nowwebelieveyourstories＂可知，them指代的是Welty写的小说里面的故事，听了Welty和两个生疏人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty的挚友信任了Welty小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选D。【对点模拟练】4TheHomeofMyPeopleWhenLewisandClarksteppedontotheWeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoinSeptember1808,theymettheNezPerceIndians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhiteexplorers（探险者）begantofightwiththeIndiansfortheirland.SomeNezPercechiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.government,sellingpartoftheirlands.Butthegovernmentalwaysbrokethoseagreementsanddemandedmoreland.Otherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment’splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whosepeoplelivedintheWallowaValley（present-dayOregon）.“Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,”heonceexplained,“myfatherplantedpolesarounditandsaid:‘Insideisthehomeofmypeople…Itcircledaroundthegraves（坟墓）ofourfathers,andwewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.’”Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerceontoareservation（保留地）.Seeingthatresistancewasuseless,ChiefJosephagreedtomove.Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopletoCanada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.1.Whichhistoricsite（onthemap）liesinthesouthoftoday’sNezPerceReservation?A.BuffaloEddy. B.DugBar.C.JosephCanyonViewpoint. D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.B.Theyhavebecomeahistoricsite.C.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.D.TheywerelimitedtotheWallowaValley.【答案与解析】1.D此题考查学生的图示理解实力。首先要找到并标出现在NezPerceReservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点。可以看到ChiefLookingGlasscamp位于NezPerceReservation的南部。2.C从地图中我们可以看到，NezPerce原先所拥有的土地比现在NezPerce保留区的位置大多了。Part3强化集训【真题模测】Passage1【2024·全国新课标I】TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable，Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21．Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?A．Call131617. B．Visittranslink.au.C．Askatthelocalstation. D．Checkthetrainschedule.22．Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A．Altandi. B．RomaStreet. C．VarsityLakes. D．FortitudeValley.23．WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A．6:42pm. B．7:29pm. C．8:57pm. D．11:02pm.【答案】21．C22．B23．B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期支配以及列车动身时间等信息。21．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。22．细微环节理解题。依据Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。23．细微环节理解题。依据Guardiantrans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central动身，开往目的地VarsityLakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，假如你要从Central去往VarsityLakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。Passage2【202