《植物病虫害绿色防控技术》课件-四、地老虎绿色防控（双语版）

四

地老虎防控绿色防控

IVGreenPreventionandControlofCutworm

（一）种类

Category地老虎是鳞翅目夜蛾科的幼虫，别名切根虫、夜盗虫、土蚕等，是我国重要的地下害虫之一。我国记载的地老虎中发生量较多、危害较大的有小地老虎、大地老虎、黄地老虎。ThecutwormisalarvaoftheNoctuidaefamilyofLepidoptera,alsoknownascutworm,nightrobber,andnativesilkworm.ItisoneoftheimportantundergroundpestsinChina.AmongthecutwormsrecordedinChina,smallcutworms,largecutworms,andyellowcutwormsoccurinlargequantitiesandcausegreatharm.地老虎幼虫食性很杂，危害大豆、玉米、蔬菜等多种作物，白天伏于土中，夜晚出土危害，危害特点是将茎基部咬断，常造成作物严重缺苗，甚至毁种。ThecutwormisalarvaoftheNoctuidaefamilyofLepidoptera,alsoknownascutworm,nightrobber,andnativesilkworm.ItisoneoftheimportantundergroundpestsinChina.AmongthecutwormsrecordedinChina,smallcutworms,largecutworms,andyellowcutwormsoccurinlargequantitiesandcausegreatharm.小地老虎Smallcutworm

幼虫3龄前食叶片呈孔洞和缺刻，4龄后白天入土，夜间取食近地面的根茎部。造成缺苗断垄。

Thelarvaefeedonleaveswithholesandnotchesbeforethe3rdinstar,enterthesoilduringthedayafterthe4thinstar,andfeedonrootsnearthegroundatnight.Resultinginshortageofseedlings.小地老虎

Smallcutworm（二）发生规律

Occurrencelaw

成虫：强烈的趋光性、趋化性（蛾子在羽化不久即有明显的趋食糖蜜和发酵物的习性。糖醋酒液诱杀成虫）。

Imagoes:strongphototaxis,chemotaxis(mothshaveadistincthabitofeatingmolassesandfermentationshortlyaftereclosion.Sweetandsourwinecanbeusedtotrapandkillimagoes).卵：散产，前期在小草（灰菜、小蓟）上，后期在近地面的叶片和嫩茎上，800-1000粒/雌

Eggs:laidinscatteredmanners,ongrasses(gray,thistle)intheearlystageandonleavesandtenderstemsnearthegroundinthelatestage,800-1,000pcs/female幼虫：假死性、3龄后白天入土

Larvae:suspended,enteringthesoilduringthedayafterthe3rdinstar

小地老虎：喜温湿、怕寒冷。适温范围为13～25℃。在低于5℃的温度下，幼虫经2h全部死亡，所以在北方地区不能越冬。因此，在各地猖獗危害的世代多为第一代。

Smallcutworm:Itpreferswarmthandhumidityratherthancold.Thesuitabletemperaturerangeis13~25°C.Atthetemperaturebelow5°C,alllarvaediewithin2h,sotheycannotoverwinterinnorthernChina.Therefore,mostofthegenerationswithrampanthazardsarethefirstgeneration.

栽培管理：田间杂草的有无与地老虎的发生危害关系密切。地老虎喜在小蓟、小旋花、铁苋菜和灰菜等杂草上产卵，因此，田间杂草多，虫口密度就大，受害就重。作物定植期与3龄以上幼虫期吻合，受害重。

Cultivationmanagement:Thepresenceorabsenceofweedsinthefieldiscloselyrelatedtotheoccurrenceandharmofcutworms.Thecutwormlikestoovipositonweedssuchasthistle,convolvulus,amaranth,andgraycabbage.Therefore,iftherearemanyweedsinthefield,thepopulationdensitywillbehighandtheharmwillbeserious.Thefieldplantingperiodofthecropcoincideswiththelarvalstageofabove3rdinstar,indicatingseriousharm.（三）

防治技术

（1）诱杀：黑光灯、糖醋液、性诱剂诱杀成虫糖3+醋4+白酒1+水2+0.1%敌敌畏（敌百虫）（2）农业防治：铲除杂草、深耕细耙（3）人工捕捉幼虫（4）化学防治：喷雾：10%高效氯氰菊酯3000-4000倍5%锐劲特悬浮剂2000倍毒土：2.5%敌百虫粉3-4斤+细土20斤，新叶和地面毒饵：麦麸、鲜草切碎，30-40斤+90%敌百虫0.5斤

(III)Controltechnology(1)Trappingandkilling:Blacklightlamp,sweetandsourliquidandsexattractantsareusedtotrapandkillimagoesSugar3+vinegar4+liquor1+water2+0.1%dichlorvos(trichlorfon)(2)Agriculturalcontrol:weedsremoval,deeptillageandfineharrowing(3)Manualcaptureoflarvae(4)Chemicalcontrol:Spray:10%beta-cypermethrin3,000-4,000times5%regentsuspensionconcentrate2,000timesToxicsoil: