《植物病虫害绿色防控技术》课件-三、马铃薯甲虫的识别（双语）

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马铃薯甲虫绿色防控

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GreenPreventionandControlofPotatoBeetles比人更爱吃土豆的

——马铃薯甲虫二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

GreenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetlesPotatobeetles-likepotatoesbetterthanhuman马铃薯甲虫，别名科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫，或马铃薯叶甲，隶属鞘翅目，叶甲科，是国际公认的毁灭性检疫害虫，也是我国对外重大检疫对象和重要外来入侵物种之一。原发生于北美落基山脉，后向世界各地扩散，1993年国内新疆首次发现。马铃薯甲虫的成虫、幼虫均可为害马铃薯叶片和嫩尖，尤其是在马铃薯始花期至薯块形成期，影响产量，严重的造成绝收。马铃薯甲虫除为害马铃薯外，还为害番茄、茄子、辣椒、烟草等茄科植物。而且能传播马铃薯的一些病害，如褐斑病、环腐病等。Potatobeetle(Leptinotarsadecemlineata),alsoknownasColoradopotatobeetleorpotatoleafbeetle,belongstoColeopteraandLeafbeetlefamily.Itisaninternationallyrecognizeddestructivequarantinepest,andalsooneofthemajorforeignquarantineobjectsandimportantinvasivealienspeciesinChina.ItoriginallyoccurredintheRockyMountainsofNorthAmericaandlaterspreadtootherpartsoftheworld.ItwasfirstdiscoveredinXinjiang,Chinain1993.Theadultsandlarvaeofpotatobeetlescanharmpotatoleavesandtendertips,especiallyfromtheinitialfloweringstagetotheformationstageofpotatoes,whichaffectstheyieldandcausesnoharvestinseriouscases.Inadditiontopotatoes,potatobeetlesalsoharmsolanaceousplantssuchastomatoes,eggplants,peppers,andtobacco.What'smore,potatobeetlescanspreadsomediseasesofpotatoes,suchasbrownspotandringrot.二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

Greenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetles一、形态特征1成虫体长9~11.5mm，宽6~7mm，短卵圆形，体背显著隆起，体橙黄色，每一鞘翅上具黑色纵带5条，头下口式。复眼肾形黑色。口器咀嚼式。前胸背板表面布稀疏的小斑点，中间两个斑点较大，头部具有3个斑点。I.Morphologicalcharacteristics1.ImagoIthasabodylengthof9~11.5mmandawidthof6~7mm,andisshortlyovoid.Thebackofthebodyisprominentlyraised,andthebodyisorange-yellow.Eachelytrahasfiveblacklongitudinalbands,withamouthbelowthehead.Thecompoundeyesarekidney-shapedandblack.Themouthpartsarechewing.Thesurfaceofthepronotumiscoveredwithsparsesmallspots,themiddletwospotsarelarger,andtheheadhas3spots.二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

Greenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetles2卵椭圆形，顶部钝尖，初产时鲜黄，后变为橙黄色或浅红色。卵粒长约1.5mm，宽约0.8mm，主要产于叶片背面，与叶面多呈垂直状态多聚产呈卵块，15~60粒。2.EggItisoval,withablunttipatthetop,brightyellowatfirstbirth,andthenorangeyelloworlightred.Theeggsareabout1.5mmlongand0.8mmwide,mainlylaidonthebackoftheleaf,mostlyinaverticalstatewiththeleafsurface,andpolymerizedintoeggmasses,15–60eggsamass.二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

Greenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetles3幼虫共有4个龄期。1龄、2龄幼虫头、前胸背板骨片及胸、腹部的气门片暗褐色和黑色；3龄以后逐渐变鲜黄色、粉色或橙黄色。3龄、4龄幼虫色淡，腹部膨胀隆起呈驼背状，腹部两侧各有2排黑色斑点。3.LarvaThereare4instarsintotal.Theheadandpronotumbonefragmentsofthe1stand2ndinstarlarvae,aswellasthevalveflapsinthechestandabdomen,aredarkbrownandblack;afterthe3rdinstar,theygraduallyturnbrightyellow,pink,ororange.The3rdand4thinstarlarvaearelight-colored,withswollenandraisedabdomenintheshapeofhunchedposture,andtworowsofblackspotsonbothsidesoftheabdomen.二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

Greenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetles

4蛹离蛹，椭圆形呈尾部略尖，体长约10mm，宽约7mm，橘黄色或淡红色。老熟幼虫在被害株附近入表土中化蛹，粘性土壤化蛹主要集中在1~5cm；沙性化蛹土壤主要集中在1~10cm。4.PupaItisovalandslightlypointedatthetail,about10mmlongand7mmwide,andorangeorlightred.Thematurelarvaepupateinthesurfacesoilnearthedamagedplants,andthepupationinclayeysoilismainlyconcentratedat1~5cm;thepupationinsandysoilismainlyconcentratedat1~–10cm.二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

Greenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetles二、发生规律以成虫及幼虫取食为害马铃薯、茄子等寄主作物的叶片和嫩尖。成虫及3~4龄幼虫取食量较大,常使叶片出现大小不等的孔洞或缺刻,发生严重时可将叶肉吃光,留下叶脉和叶柄。还可传播马铃薯褐斑病、环腐病等多种病害。二

马铃薯甲虫绿色防控II

GreenpreventionandcontrolofpotatobeetlesII.OccurrenceregularityAdultsandlarvaefeedontheleavesandtendertipsofhostcropssuchaspotatoesandeggplants.Adultsand3~4instarlarvaehavealargefeedintake,whichoftencausesholesorincisionsofdifferentsizesintheleaves.Inseverecases,theycaneatupthemesophyll,leavingveinsandpetioles.Theycanalsospreadavarietyofdiseasessuchaspotatobrownspotandringrot.二、发生规律在我国新疆马铃薯甲虫1年可发生1~3代，以两代为主，以成虫在寄主作物田越冬,主要分布于11~20cm土层。成虫具假死习性、治愈性及迁飞性。一般将卵产于寄主植株下部的嫩叶背面，平均产卵量约1000粒。

II.OccurrenceregularityAdultsandlarvaefeedontheleavesandtendertipsofhostcropssuchaspotatoesandeggplants.Adultsand3~4instarlarvaehavealargefeedintake,whichoftencausesholesorincisionsofdifferentsizesinthelea