初中英语九年级《Unit 6 When was it invented？》被动语态的特殊情况及词汇探究 课件

带着目标努力，带着梦想飞翔学习目标SectionA语言学习课1.通过合作探究掌握被动语态的特殊用法。2.通过合作探究掌握so/such，sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes,takeplace/happen,及Itissaid/believed

that…

等单词、短语、句型的运用。3.培养与他人合作探究分析问题解决问题

的能力。要求：1.积极参与，热烈讨论，大声表达自己的思想。

2.组长控制好讨论节奏，先一对一分层讨论，不会的或有疑问的在小组内集中讨论；小组仍然解决不了的做好记录提交给老师，以备集中解决。3.组长宏观调控，导学案上每一个问题组内都要形成统一的意见。智慧碰撞内容：探究点一、二

、三。注意：讨论完成的组改正答案，巩固落实。（5分钟）一、下列情况要用被动句：1.执行者不明时eg:Tom’smotherwassaved.2.没必要说出执行者eg:Thebridgewasbuiltin1985.3.强调动作的承受者

eg:Englishiswidelyusedasasecondlanguageallovertheworld.ThecupwasbrokenbyTom’sbrother.4.习惯用语，表示客观的说明,常见于下列句型：

It’ssaidthat…据说It’sbelievedthat…大家相信

Itisknownthat…众所周知Itisunknownthat…鲜为人知

It’ssuggestedthat…有人建议It’sreportedthat…据报道Itissupposedthat…据猜测被动语态(二)二、下列情况不用被动句：系动词无被动(look,feel,smell,sound，taste,get,turn,

become)2.不及物动词无被动。（happen,takeplace,appear）3.宾语是反身代词时无被动。eg.Hetaughthimselfmathswhenhewasyoung.4.宾语是动词不定式或动名词时无被动。eg.ThechildenjoyswatchingTV.5.表某物的性能特点时,用主动表被动。这种情况的句子结构一般是：Sth+v.+ad.eg.Thebookssellwell.这些书很畅销。Thecardrivesfast.这辆车开得快。Theglassbreakseasily.这种玻璃易碎。Thispenwriteswell.这支钢笔好写。6.特殊短语主动表被动：beworthdoing(值得做)，

need/wantdoing(需要被做)eg.Thebookisworth___________.这本书值得一读。

Theflowersneed___________.这些花需要浇水。readingwatering三、被动语态的特殊情况1.含双宾语的主动句变被动有两种情况：(双宾：即直接宾语“物”和间接宾语“人”)⑴把指人的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，指物的直接宾语保留不动（常用这种）

Shegaveme

adictionary.→_______________

adictionarybyher.(宾语me变为主语成_____格)⑵把指物的直接宾语变为被动句的主语,那么动词后要加上相应的介词to/for,再跟指人的间接宾语。例如：

Shegavemeadictionary.→Adictionary___________________byher.Motherboughtusabigpresent.→Abigpresent____________________bymother.I主wasgivenwasgiventomewasboughtforus其方法简而言之：含双宾的主动句变被动，sb.提前，sth.不变；sth.提前，sb.前加to或for.常见的接双宾语的动词有:give,pass,show,bring,lend,send,teach,offer,tell等与介词to搭配，意为：给；buy,get,pay,cook,make,draw等与介词for搭配，意为：为。2.主动结构中含有复合宾语(宾语+宾补)时,变为被动语态有两种情况需特别注意。⑴主语+谓语+宾语+n./adj./todo/doing，变为被宾补动语态时，把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾补保持不变。例如：①Wekeepfoodcoldinthefridge.→

Food_______________inthefridge.

iskeptcold②HismotherfoundTomaverygoodboy.→Tomwasfoundaverygoodboy

byhismother.③MissYanoftenasksthestudentstoanswerthequestionsinEnglish.→ThestudentsareoftenaskedtoanswerthequestionsinEnglishbyMissYan.④Tom’sfathersawTomsittingonsomeeggs.

→Tomwasseensittingonsomeeggsbyhisfather.（类似的结构有beheard/seen/watched/noticeddoingsth）⑵感官动词（hear,see,watch,find,notice,listento,lookat,）和使役动词（let,have,make,但let和have一般不用被动）后一般接动词原形作宾补（如：hear/see/makesbdo），变成被动时要在动词原形前加to.(如：beheard/seen/madetodo)例如①Johnmadetheworkerswork24hours.→Theworkers________________24hoursbyJohn.②Someonesaw

him

enteryourroom.→____________________yourroom.weremadetoworkHe

wasseentoenter宾格变主格3.除了单一的及物动词可用于被动语态外,一些相当于及物动词的动词短语也可用于被动语态,但整个动词短语要看成一个整体,不能分开.

例如：①Someoneturnedoffthelight.→Thelight_______________(bysomeone).②Wecantakegoodcareofyourbabyhere.→Yourbaby_________________________here.③Wecan’tlaughathim.→_____________________________.wasturnedoffcanbetakengoodcareofHecan’tbelaughedat4.如果主动句的宾语过长，如宾语从句，变成被动句的主语时，一般用形式主语it,其中that不能省略。

eg.Hesaid(that)hewouldcomebackthenextmorning.

→________________hewouldcomebackthenext据说morning.

类似的短语还有：众所周知_______________________；鲜为人知_____________________;据报道____________________;据猜测_______________________ItissaidthatItisknownthat…Itisunknownthat…Itisreportedthat…；Itissupposedthat…5.对被动句中的动作执行者提问，有两种结构：Who/Whom…by?

和Bywhom…?eg.Whowrotethisbook?→________________thisbook___________?______________thisbook_________?6.被动结构与系表结构的区别：be+done不一定是被动，某些词的过去分词已转化为形容词，放在be动词后叫系表结构，而不是被动。（be+pleased/excited/interested/surprised/worried/amazed）

eg.Thecupisbroken.(系表)Thecupisbrokenbyme.（被动）

Thewindowisclosed.(系表)Thewindowisclosedbythatboy.（被动）Who/WhomwaswrittenbyBywhomwaswritten7.过去分词（done）做宾补，含被动的意思。make/have/getsb/sthdone(使某人/某事被做)

动词原形(do)和现在分词（doing）做宾补含主动的意思。eg.用括号内词的适当形式填空：①Itrytospeakloudtomakemyself________.(hear)②Itrytospeakloudtomakeothers______me.(hear)③Ihavemyhomework______byotherseveryday.(do)④Myfatherhasme____alotofhomeworkeveryday.(do)heardheardonedo8.过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别：①过去分词(done)做定语，含被动的意思,现在分词（doing）做定语含主动的意思。

eg.thebookwrittenbyLuXun鲁迅写的书（被动）

runningwater在流动的水（主动）②过去分词(done)做定语，含已完成之意,现在分词（doing）做定语含正在做之意。eg.developedcountries发达国家

developingcountries发展中国家即时练习:II.按要求完成下列句子：Beeperswereusedforgettingmessages.(变否定句、一般疑问句、肯否回答及划线部分提问)Beepers____________forgettingmessages.(变否)______beepers_______forgettingmessages.?(变疑)Yes,_______________.____________beepersusedfor?(划线部分提问)2.Heplanted10treeslastSunday.(变成被动)10trees_________________lastSunday(byhim).3.Wesawtheboyplayingsocceryesterday.(变成被动)Theboy________________socceryesterday.4.Mymotherboughtmeapen.(变成被动)I_____________apen_____mymother.Apen_______________________me.weren'tusedWereusedtheywereWhatwerewereplantedwasseenplayingwasboughtbywasboughtfor5.Theteachertakesgoodcareofthechildreneveryday.(变成被动)Thechildren______________good____________________theteachereveryday.6.Mybrotheroftenmakesmecry.(变成被动)I_______often____________cry.7.Whowrotethisbook?(变成被动)_____________________thisbook______?_____/_____________thisbook___________?8.WeallknowthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.(变成被动)_________________Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.aretakencareofbyammadetoBywhomwaswrittenWhoWhomwaswrittenbyIt'sknownthatⅢ.单项选择()1.English_____inmostmiddleschoolsinChina.A.speakB.speaksC.isspeakingD.isspoken()2.Thebridgeovertheriver______morethanfiftyyearsago.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuiltDB()3.Mustolderpeople______topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken()4.Badthings_______intogoodthings.A.canturnedB.canbeturnedC.canturnD.canbeturn()5.Anewschool___inmyhometownlastyear.A.setupB.wassetupC.issetupD.hassetup()6.Ithinkmuchattentionmust____yourhealth.A.bepaidB.paidtoC.bepaidtoD.pay()7.Didyouhearthattheman____tothepolicestationyesterday?A.tookB.wastakenC.takenD.istaking()8.Thisstory__inParisbeforetheFirstWorldWar.A.happensB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happenedDBBCBD()9.Thebaby________bythenurse.A.waslookedafterB.waslookedC.lookedafterD.waslookedat()10.Themissingboywaslastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay()11.Thespeakerraised(提高)hisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself______.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard()12.Johnwasmade____theclothesforaweek.A.washingB.towashC.washD.tobewashing()13.Thechildrenareoftenasked______loudlyinthelibrary.Theymustkeepquiet.A.tospeakB.nottospeakC.can’tspeakD.notspeakAADBB()14.I______tohaveapart-timejob.

A.amnotallow

B.notallow

C.don’tallow

D.amnotallowed()15.Sixteen-years-oldsshouldn’t_____togotoanInternetbar.

A.beallowed

B.beallow

C.allow

D.areallowed()16._____middleschoolstudentsallowedtousemobilephoneatschool?

A.Do

B.Did

C.Are

D.CanDAC二、词汇探究1.such,so①单数可数名词：such+a/an+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a/an+n.②复数名词和不可数名词只能用such③.复数名词和不可数名词前有many,much,few,little(少的)修饰，只能用so④修饰形容词、副词只能用so⑤so/such…that…如此……以至于……即时练习：1).翻译下列短语：①如此有趣的一本书（2）__________________=____________________②如此干净的水________________③如此多的牛奶_________________sointerestingabooksuchaninterestingbooksuchcleanwatersomuchmilk④如此少的照片_________________ 如此少的橘汁_________________2).用so/such填空：①Heis_______agoodboy.Heworks____hardthatwealllikehim.②Sheis___niceastudentthateveryonelovesher.③Ihave____littlemoneythatIcan’tbuyanything.④Heis_____alittleboythathecan’tgotoschoolnow.⑤--It’s_____animportantmeetingthatImustgotoit.--Yes,themeetingis____importanttousthatwecan’tmissit.--Yes,it’s____importantameeting.Let’sgonow,althoughwehavetodriveon_____acoldday.sofewphotossolittleorangejuicesuchsosososuchsuchsososuch2.sometime___________,sometime_________,sometimes__________,sometimes__________①Ineed__________________todomyhomework.②Mymom_________________walkstowork.③IhavebeentoBeijing_________________.Iwillgothereagain__________________nextmonth.3.takeplace,有计划、有安排地发生，由物做主语happen偶然发生,由物做主语sthhappentosb①Greatchanges__________________inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.②Hecan’tcome.He’sinhospitalnow.Acaraccident_____________tohimyesterday.某时一段时间有时几次sometimesometimessometimessometimehavetakenplacehappened4.Itissaidthat

aChineserulercalledShenLongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.

Itisbelieved

thatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcentury.

Itissaid/believedthat+句子，相当于Peoplesay/believethat+句子，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。类似的句型还有：It’sreportedthat…(据报道)，It’sknownthat…(众所周知)。翻译：大家都知道电话是Bell在1876年发明的。____________________________________________________________________________________It'sknownthatthetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.4aRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.

Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.

Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?

Wherewerethesephotostaken?4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.

Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.

Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.You_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafepla