全国统考2025届高考英语一轮复习练习选修8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight课时作业含解析

PAGE二十六选修8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·文山模拟)ChinesedeliverydriverGaoZhixiao,wasfeaturedonthecoverofTimemagazineinMarchbecauseofhisremarkablesenseofcommitment.Alongsidefiveothers,hewaspickedbythemagazineasoneoftheheroesamidCOVID-19outbreak.EversinceCOVID-19brokeout,manyrestaurantsshutdownorswitchedtotakeout-onlyservices.Millionsofpeoplehavebeenstayingathometoavoidgettinginfected.“Peoplechoosetoorderfoodonlineorbuyfruitandvegetablestocookathome,”GaotoldTime.Asaresult,deliveryordersdramaticallyincreased,placingahugeburdenondeliverycouriers.BornintoapoorfamilyintheNingxiaHuiautonomousregion,GaostartedtomakealivinginBeijingatage16.AfterCOVID-19brokeout,Gaohesitatedforasecondtocontinueworking,butthenpickedupordersbecausehethoughtcustomersmightbeinneed.Duetothedangerofperson-to-persontransmission,GaomusttakeprecautionstoavoidspreadingvirusesduringhisroutearoundBeijing,includingtakingaregularhealthtestandspending20minutesdisinfectinghismotorcycleandclotheseachmorning.Besidesdeliveringgoods,Gaooncewillinglycookedforanelderlycustomerwhowaslivingaloneatherhome.ItisthecommitmentofordinarypeoplelikeGaothathasmadethebiggestcontributionsinthefightagainstCOVID-19.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国外卖员高治晓因在疫情期间不顾自身生命平安,仍坚守在工作岗位为隔离在家的人们配送外卖因而登上了《时代》杂志。1.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?A.Gaomanagesadeliverycompany.B.GaoistheonlyonetodeliverfoodduringCOVID-19outbreak.C.GaowaschosenonthecoverofTimemagazineduetohisselflesscommitment.D.Gaocomesfromapoorfamily.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据第一段“Chinesedeliverydriver,GaoZhixiao,wasfeaturedonthecoverofTimemagazineinMarchbecauseofhisremarkablesenseofcommitment.”可知,由于高治晓在疫情期间的无私奉献被选入《时代》杂志的封面人物。故选C。2.Whydeliveryordersdramaticallyincreasedaccordingtothepassage?A.Peopleweretoolazytogooutformeals.B.Therewasadiscountifpeoplechosedeliveryorders.C.PeoplewereafraidofbeinginfectedCOVID-19bygoingout.D.Peoplewereaskedtoorderfoodonlinebythegovernment.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据其次段Millionsofpeoplehavebeenstayingathometoavoidgettinginfected.可知,人们是因为胆怯 被感染新冠肺炎,不敢外出,故而使得外卖订单骤增。故选C。3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGaoZhixiao?A.Selflessandwarm-hearted.B.Braveandhumorous.C.Hardworkingandhonest.D.Caringandselfish.【解析】选A。推理推断题。通读全文可知,从高治晓冒着被新冠肺炎感染的风险配送外卖,同时还帮助一个年迈的独居老人做饭这两件事,可推想出他是一个无私且热心的人。故选A。4.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.ADeliveryHeroB.TheHorriblePandemicC.ABraveHeartBeatsAnythingD.NeverSayNever【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第一段Chinesedeliverydriver,GaoZhixiao,wasfeaturedonthecoverofTimemagazineinMarchbecauseofhisremarkablesenseofcommitment.是全文的主题句,结合全文内容,可知全文主要讲了一个外卖小哥疫情期间,无私地坚守岗位,为人们专心配送外卖,实属英雄行为,所以“ADeliveryHero”(一名外卖员英雄)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。【学问拓展】长难句分析1.AfterCOVID-19brokeout,Gaohesitatedforasecondtocontinueworking,butthenpickedupordersbecausehethoughtcustomersmightbeinneed.分析:本句是复合句。after引导时间状语从句;because引导的是缘由状语从句,其中,customersmightbeinneed是宾语从句,省略了that,作thought的宾语。翻译:新型冠状病毒爆发后,高治晓迟疑了一下是否接着工作,但随后接单,因为他认为客户可能须要帮助。2.Duetothedangerofperson-to-persontransmission,GaomusttakeprecautionstoavoidspreadingvirusesduringhisroutearoundBeijing,includingtakingaregularhealthtestandspending20minutesdisinfectinghismotorcycleandclotheseachmorning.分析:本句是困难的简洁句。duetothedangerofperson-to-persontransmission是介词短语作缘由状语,Gao是主语,musttake作谓语,precautions是宾语;toavoidspreadingvirusesduringhisroutearoundBeijing,是不定式短语作目的状语,includingtakingaregularhealthtestandspending20minutesdisinfectinghismotorcycleandclotheseachmorning是现在分词短语作precautions的定语;其中and连接两个动名词短语takingaregularhealthtest和spending20minutesdisinfectinghismotorcycleandclotheseachmorning作including的宾语。翻译:由于存在人与人之间传播的危急,高治晓必需实行预防措施,避开病毒在北京周边地区传播,包括定期进行健康检查,每天早上花20分钟给摩托车和衣服消毒。B(2024·哈尔滨模拟)ClaudeMonet,PabloPicassoandLeonardodaVinci...theartworldhasneverlackedtalent.Andnow,anewpainterisreadytojointhelist,althoughthisoneisn’tevenhuman.Nextmonth,auctionhouse(拍卖行)Christie’sPrintsandMultipleswillmakehistorybyofferingthefirstpieceofartcreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)forsale.ThepaintingisaportraitofamancalledEdmondDeBelam,andisexpectedtobesoldforupto$10,000(69,000yuan).Thework,whichfeaturesamanwithamysteriouslookonhisface,wascreatedbysoftwaredevelopedbytheFrenchartgroupObvious.Laugero-Lasserre,anartcollector,calledthework“oddandamazingatthesametime”.Thisisn’tthefirstexampleofAI-producedartwork,asAIhasalreadybeenusedtowritepoemsandcomposesongs.However,manypeopledoubtwhetheritshouldbecalledartatall.AccordingtoRussianwriterLeoTolstoy(1828—1910),artisaboutcreatingemotion.It’s“ameansof...joiningpeopletogetherinthesamefeelings”heoncesaid.So,iftheemotionbehindartiswhatmakesit,theabilitytocreateandusetoolsiswhatmakeshumanbeingsdifferentfromotherspecies.Andasatoolitself,theAItechnologyusedtocreatetheportraitistheresultofalotofeffortmadebyseveraldesigners.Together,they“fed”theAIahugecollectionofpaintingsfromthe14thtothe18thcenturies,untilitwasabletoworkouthowtomakesimilarpaintingsofitsown.TheintroductionofAIartcouldbethebeginningofanewartisticmovement.However,noteveryoneisreadytowelcomethesehigh-techartistsjustyet.“Thehumanmindiswhat’sbehindtheAItechnology.Andthehumanmindisnotacold,hardfact,”OscarSchwartz,aprofessorofAI,saidduringaTedXSydneyspeech.“Rather,itissomethingthat’screatedwithouropinionsandsomethingthatchangesovertime.”【文章大意】本文主要介绍了人工智能创作了自己的绘画作品以及人们对此的看法。5.WhyareMonet,PicassoanddaVincimentionedatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Tolistworldfamoustalentedartists.B.Tohighlighttheinhumanpainterbycontrast.C.Toshowtheprosperityoftheartworld.D.Tointroduceanewpainterasgreatasthem.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据第一段Andnow,anewpainterisreadytojointhelist,althoughthisoneisn’tevenhuman.可知,在文章的开头提到莫奈、毕加索和达·芬奇是为了通过对比突出非人类的画家。6.WhydoesthepaintingmentionedinParagraph2gainspecialconcern?A.It’llbeauctionedinafamousauctionhouse.B.It’sthefirstAI-producedartworkforsale.C.It’stheportraitofamanwithmysteriouslook.D.Itsauctionpriceisexpectedtobethehighest.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据其次段Nextmonth,auctionhouseChristie’sPrintsandMultipleswillmakehistorybyofferingthefirstpieceofartcreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)forsale.可知,拍卖行将创建历史——出售第一件由人工智能(AI)创作的艺术品。由此可知,其次段提到的那幅画受到特殊关注,是因为这是出售的第一个AI制作的艺术品。7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayLeoTolstoyagreewith?A.AItechnologyisatoolforartisticcreation.B.AIistaughttoexpresshumanemotionsinart.C.AIcopiedpaintingsofthe14th—18thcenturies.D.AIartjoinspeopletogetherinthesamefeelings.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据第五段Andasatoolitself,theAItechnologyusedtocreatetheportraitistheresultofalotofeffortmadebyseveraldesigners.可知,人工智能技术是艺术创作的工具。8.Whatmightbethefutureofthenewartisticmovement?A.Predictable. B.Unacceptable.C.Popular. D.Unclear.【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据最终一段Rather,itissomethingthat’screatedwithouropinionsandsomethingthatchangesovertime.可知,新艺术运动会随着实践的消逝而变更,其将来不清楚。【学问拓展】长难句分析Nextmonth,auctionhouseChristie’sPrintsandMultipleswillmakehistorybyofferingthefirstpieceofartcreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)forsale.分析:该句是困难的简洁句。byofferingthefirstpieceofart是介词by+动名词短语作方式状语,createdbyartificialintelligence(AI)forsale.是过去分词短语作art的定语。译文:下个月,佳士得版画和拍品拍卖行(Christie’sPrintsandMultiples)将创建历史,推出第一件由人工智能(AI)创作的艺术品。Ⅱ.完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·大连二模)Themomentwhenamotherseeshernewbornbabyforthefirsttimeisajoyous,specialoccasion.1,sometimestherearecaseswherethatspecialmomentisfollowedby2andpain.AsavolunteerforOperationSmile,Ihaveexperiencedthejoyandthe3thatcomeswiththistypeofwork.

Whanda’sstoryisonethat4withthiskindofdoubtandfear.Afteralmost30hoursoflabor,28-year-oldWhandapassedoutwhilegivingbirthtoherfirstandonlydaughter,Yuleyssy.Whenshe5Whandatookonelookatherhusband’sfaceandknewthatsomethingwas6.

Thecoupleleftthehospital7andconfused,butcertainthattheywouldloveandcareforthisbabynomatterwhathappened.“Isawthepeople8atmybaby.IknewthenthatIneededtoloveherenough9nooneelsewouldloveherotherthanmeandmy10.

Manymothersofchildrenbornwithcleftlip(兔唇)11thesamefearanduncertaintyasWhandaeveryday.Everythreeminutes,achild12intheworldisbornwithacleft.Butthankstothe13ofOperationSmilemedicalvolunteers,therearethousandsofchildrenwhoreceivethe14ofasmileeveryyear.OperationSmileworksinmorethan60countriesto1516waitingchildrenwhohaveotherwiselost17.

ThanksinparttoOperationSmile,Yuleyssy’sstoryhasahappy18.WhenlittleYuleyssywas19intohermother’sarmsintherecoveryroom,Whandarecallshertearsof20.“Itwashappycrying.Shewasbeautiful.”

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了28岁的Whanda生下了自己的女儿,却发觉孩子天生兔唇,万幸得到一个名为“微笑行动”的志愿者组织救济,供应免费手术将其治愈这样一个感人的故事。1.A.Anyhow B.However C.Therefore D.Besides【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,有时候出现在那些特殊的时刻之后的却是未知和苦痛。A.Anyhow无论如何;B.However然而;C.Therefore因此;D.Besides除此之外。前句指出母亲第一次见到新生儿是华蜜的时刻,而这句转而表述分娩后的负面因素,存在转折关系,要用表转折的连词。故选B项。2.A.uncertainty B.frictionC.caution D.departure【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,有时候出现在那些特殊的时刻之后的却是未知和苦痛。A.uncertainty不确定;B.friction摩擦;C.caution谨慎;D.departure离开,动身。这里与pain并列,都表示分娩可能带来的不良结果,uncertainty一词在后文中也有出现。故选A项。3.A.anger B.shameC.heartbreak D.embarrassment【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我就体验过伴随这种工作而来的喜悦和心碎。A.anger怒火;B.shame惭愧;C.heartbreak心碎;D.embarrassment尴尬。这里与上文的uncertainty和pain对应,就指新生儿可能出现一些让父母很难受的状况。故选C项。4.A.sticks B.begins C.agrees D.lives【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Whanda的故事就是从这种怀疑和恐惊中起先的。A.sticks粘住;B.begins起先;C.agrees同意;D.lives居住,生活。这里作为故事叙述的开头,要用beginwith表示“起先于……”。故选B项。5.A.heldon B.stoodoutC.pulledover D.cameto【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:当她醒来时,Whanda看了一眼丈夫的脸,知道有事儿发生了。A.heldon坚持住;B.stoodout站出来;C.pulledover靠边停车;D.cameto来到,醒悟。前文提到Whanda在分娩时失去知觉了,所以这里用cometo表示“醒来,醒悟”。故选D项。6.A.pitiful B.amusing C.wrong D.hopeful【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当她醒来时,Whanda看了一眼丈夫的脸,知道有事儿发生了。A.pitiful可怜的;B.amusing好玩的;C.wrong错误的;D.hopeful有希望的。somethingis/waswrong意为“不对劲,出问题”,指Whanda从丈夫的神情中意识到出现了状况。故选C项。7.A.bored B.satisfied C.delightful D.scared【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妻胆怯 而迷惑地离开了医院。A.bored无聊的;B.satisfied满意的;C.delightful愉悦的;D.scared胆怯 的。与下文的fear和uncertainty对应,Whanda的孩子天生兔唇,这让他们感到担忧和胆怯 。故选D项。8.A.stare B.guess C.rush D.tear【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我看到人们盯着我的孩子看。A.stare盯着;B.guess揣测;C.rush冲进;D.tear撕掉,扯下。依据IknewthenthatIneededtoloveherenough_______nooneelsewouldloveherotherthanmeandmy_______.可知人们在盯着Whanda的孩子看,使得Whanda更坚决了好好爱这个孩子的信念。故选A项。

9.A.unless B.because C.until D.asif【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:我知道我必需足够爱她,因为除了我和我丈夫,没有人会爱她。A.unless除非;B.because因为;C.until直到;D.asif似乎。分析句子可知,这里须要用表因果关系的连词,说明夫妻俩赐予孩子足够爱的缘由。故选B项。10.A.nature B.heart C.care D.husband【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我知道我必需足够爱她,因为除了我和我丈夫,没有人会爱她。A.nature自然;B.heart心脏;C.care关切;D.husband丈夫。这里当然指孩子的父母爱这个孩子,也就是Whanda和她的丈夫。故选D项。11.A.overcome B.changeC.experience D.confirm【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:很多有兔唇孩子的母亲,每天都经验着和Whanda一样的恐惊和不确定。A.overcome克服;B.change变更;C.experience经验;D.confirm确认。依据Whanda的感受来看,为了孩子,每天都在经受着对未知的担忧和恐惊。故选C项。12.A.somewhere B.alsoC.even D.still【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:每三分钟,世界上某个地方就有一个带有兔唇的新生儿诞生。A.somewhere某地;B.also也;C.even甚至;D.still仍旧。这里要用somewhereintheworld表示“世界上某地”,来说明兔唇在新生儿中的高发率。故选A项。13.A.studies B.effortsC.profits D.remarks【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是,多亏了来自“微笑行动”的医疗志愿者的努力,每年有成千上万的儿童收到微笑作为礼物。A.studies探讨;B.efforts努力;C.profits收益;D.remarks评论。这里就指“微笑行动”的志愿者们为了广阔兔唇患儿付出的努力,让他们得到救治。故选B项。14.A.award B.praise C.invitation D.gift【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.award嘉奖;B.praise赞扬;C.invitation邀请;D.gift礼物,天赋。下文指出“微笑行动”会为兔唇患儿供应免费手术,无异于是馈赠的礼物。故选D项。15.A.collect B.distributeC.provide D.accumulate【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:“微笑行动”在超过60个国家为罹患兔唇的孩子和年轻人供应免费平安的修复手术。A.collect收集;B.distribute安排;C.provide供应;D.accumulate积累。分析句意可知,这里指该公益组织向兔唇患儿们供应免费手术。故选C项。16.A.cure B.avoidC.comfort D.encourage【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这能够治愈那些等待治疗的孩子们,否则他们就得失去希望。A.cure治愈;B.avoid避开;C.comfort劝慰;D.encourage激励。这里it指代前文中的surgery手术,也就是能通过手术来治愈患儿们。故选A项。17.A.face B.respect C.weight D.hope【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这能够治愈那些等待治疗的孩子们,否则他们就得失去希望。A.face脸;B.respect敬重;C.weight重量;D.hope希望。这里在otherwise“否则”之后,表示假如没有人来为患儿们做手术,患儿们就会失去希望。故选D项。18.A.hour B.ending C.future D.chance【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:Yuleyssy的故事有了一个圆满结局。A.hour小时;B.ending结尾,结局;C.future将来;D.chance机会。有了“微笑行动”的帮助,Whanda的孩子Yuleyssy的兔唇就能得到治疗,这当然是个圆满结局。故选B项。19.A.thrown B.turned C.placed D.folded【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当小Yuleyssy被放到她妈妈的怀里时,Whanda流下了欣喜的泪水。A.thrown扔;B.turned转变;C.placed放置;D.folded折叠。这里指医院人员将Whanda的孩子放入她的怀中,要用place表示“放置,安放”。故选C项。20.A.joy B.love C.kindness D.peace【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:当小Yuleyssy被放到她妈妈的怀里时,Whanda流下了欣喜的泪水。A.joy快乐,快乐;B.love爱;C.kindness和善;D.peace和平。孩子最终得到救治,重获健康,作为母亲的Whanda肯定是感到欣喜的。故选A项。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaistakingactiontocutdownonfoodwaste.Thegovernmenthasstarted1._____newcampaigncalledthe“CleanPlateCampaign”toencouragepeople2.______(think)abouttheamountoffoodtheywaste.Wantingpeopletoreducetheamountoffood3.______(waste),PresidentXiJinpingcalledthewaste“4._______(distress)”.TherearemanyreportsinChinathatafoodcrisisiscoming.Foodproductionhasdecreasedbecauseof5.______(flood)insouthernChina.Expertssaythiswillnotleadtoacrisis,butthegovernmentwantspeopletopaymoreattentiontohowmuchfoodtheyleave6.______theirplate.Manyrestaurants7.______(take)thecampaignveryseriously.Arestaurantwentalittletoofarasitstartedweighingcustomers.Ithadtoapologizetodinerswhowereoffendedatbeingweighed.Itsaid:“We8.______(original)wantedcustomerstostopfoodwasteandorderfoodinahealthyway.”ArestaurantinBeijingsaid:“Weremindourguests9._______theyordertoomuchfood.”RestaurantsinWuhanhavestartedtheN-1system.Thisiswheregroupsofdinersmustorderone10._______(few)dishthanthenumberofpeopleinthegroup.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国起先的一个节约粮食的新活动,目的是引起人们对于粮食奢侈现象的重视等状况。1.【解析】a。考查冠词。此处表示政府已经起先了一项新的运动,叫做“光盘运动”,激励人们思索他们奢侈的食物量。此处表示泛指,应用a。2.【解析】tothink。考查非谓语动词。此处是encouragesb.todosth.激励某人做某事,固定结构。3.【解析】wasted。考查非谓语动词。此处food和waste之间构成动宾关系,指的是食物被奢侈,应用过去分词作定语。4.【解析】distressing。考查词性转换。此处指习主席认为这个奢侈是令人担心的,应用-ing形容词。5.【解析】floods。考查名词。此处flood是可数名词,结合语境应当是flood是很多次的洪水,故填floods。6.【解析】on。考查介词。指剩余在盘子上的食物,应用on。7.【解析】aretaking。考查时态。结合下面的例子可知,很多地方正在实行措施,应用现在进行时。8.【解析】originally。考查词性转换。修饰后面的wanted动词,运用副词作状语。9.【解析】when。考查连词。依据语境,此处表示当……的时候,应用when。10.【解析】fewer。考查比较级。和than连用,应用比较级。阅读理解(2024·上海模拟)PAssionArtsFestivalPAssionArtsFestivalthisyearwillrunfrom6Julyto25August,bringingcommunityartsto250,000residentsacrossSingapore.Thefestivaltheme,“OurHome,OurHeARTs”,invitesresidentstouseartstoexpressourloveforourcommunityandforSingapore.Ouraimistobringresidentstogethertoexperienceandappreciatecreativity.Lookforwardtoover500artsactivitiesandprogrammes,includingvisualartdisplaysandperformingartsco-createdbyresidentsandartists.Thefollowingaresomeofthem.ARTSPARTY@TELOKBLANGAHTIME:14July(9:00AM-12:00AM)PLACE:TalokBlangahMallArtcanhappeninsomanywaysandforsomanypeople—andthatiswhatArtsParty@TelokBlangahwillshowyouthisJuly!Forexample,youcanparticipateinthelargeoilpaintingactivitytocompleteahugeoilpaintingart.Orcarryartinyourpocketanytimeandanywherebycreatingyourownmatchboxart.We‘realsobringingarttherapytotheelderlyasitbecamepopularinoursociety.ComeexploreNagomiart,aJapanesearthealingmethodthatintroducescalmandrelaxationtothepainter.HUESINTUNETIME:20July(2:00PM—8:00PM)PLACE:KampungAdmiraltyOneofthemostexpectedpartsisHuesinTune’sperformanceline-up.SembawangHuesisthehighlightwithmusicperformances.FusionTunesfeaturescross-racialbands,andOurOwnTunepresentsheartfeltmusicbytalentedresidents.Cometothisfestivalvillage!L.O.U.D@KAMPONGGLAMTIME:27July