中考英语语法真题单选题100道及答案解析

中考英语语法真题单选题100道及答案解析1.—Hello!MayIspeaktoMary?—Sorry.Sheisn'tin.She________tothezoo.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.wentD.willgo答案：B解析：hasgoneto表示“去了某地（还未回来）”，hasbeento表示“去过某地（已回来）”。根据语境“Sheisn'tin.”可知她去了动物园还没回来，故选B。2.—________doyouhaveanEnglishparty?—Onceamonth.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.When答案：A解析：howoften提问频率“多久一次”；howlong提问“多长时间”；howsoon提问“多久以后”；when提问“什么时候”。根据答语“Onceamonth.”可知是对频率的提问，故选A。3.—Isthere________intoday'snewspaper?—Yes.AbigfirehappenedinafactoryinShanghai.A.specialsomethingB.somethingspecialC.specialanythingD.anythingspecial答案：D解析：形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，排除A、C选项；something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句，本句是疑问句，故选D。4.Theboyistooyoungto________himself.A.lookupB.lookafterC.lookatD.looklike答案：B解析：lookup意为“查阅”；lookafter意为“照顾”；lookat意为“看”；looklike意为“看起来像”。根据“tooyoung”可知是年龄太小不能照顾自己，故选B。5.—________fineweatheritis!—Let'sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa答案：A解析：weather是不可数名词，感叹句用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”的结构，故选A。6.—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,you________.Youcandoittomorrow.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.couldn'tD.shouldn't答案：A解析：must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto，故选A。7.We'llhaveapicnicifit________tomorrow.A.doesn'trainB.rainedC.won'trainD.rains答案：A解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选A。8.—Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?—I'mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how答案：B解析：根据答语“Maybeareporter.”可知是询问职业，用“what+be+主语？”的结构，故选B。9.Mysisterisgoodatsports.Shecanjump________thanme.A.highestB.veryhighC.toohighD.muchhigher答案：D解析：than是比较级的标志词，high的比较级是higher，much可以修饰比较级，故选D。10.Theteacheraskedmetoreadaloud________allthestudentscouldhearme.A.sothatB.forC.becauseD.inorderto答案：A解析：sothat引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”；for表示原因；because表示原因；inorderto后接动词原形。根据“allthestudentscouldhearme”可知是目的状语从句，故选A。11.—IhaveneverbeentoHongKong.—Me,neither.Butmyfather________therelastyear.A.wentB.hasgoneC.goesD.willgo答案：A解析：lastyear是一般过去时的时间状语，动词用过去式，故选A。12.Themusicsounds________.Ilikeitverymuch.A.wellB.beautifulC.badD.beautifully答案：B解析：sound是系动词，后接形容词作表语，A、D是副词，根据“Ilikeitverymuch.”可知音乐听起来好听，故选B。13.—________youswim?—Yes,butI'mnotagoodswimmer.A.CanB.MayC.NeedD.Must答案：A解析：can表示“能，会”，询问能力；may表示“可以”；need表示“需要”；must表示“必须”。根据答语“Yes,butI'mnotagoodswimmer.”可知是询问游泳的能力，故选A。14.Myfather________onbusinessfortwoweeks.He'llreturninthreedays.A.hasleftB.hasgoneC.hasbeenawayD.left答案：C解析：fortwoweeks是时间段，需要用延续性动词，leave和go是短暂性动词，beaway是延续性动词，故选C。15.—Howlong________you________thisbook?—Fortwoweeks.A.have;borrowedB.did;lendC.have;keptD.did;have答案：C解析：borrow和lend是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，keep是延续性动词，根据答语“Fortwoweeks.”可知用现在完成时，故选C。16.There________afootballmatchnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.was答案：C解析：therebe句型的一般将来时结构为：therewillbe或thereis/aregoingtobe，afootballmatch是单数，用thereisgoingtobe，故选C。17.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—No,thanks.I________drinkcoffee.A.seldomB.oftenC.onlyD.always答案：A解析：seldom表示“很少”；often表示“经常”；only表示“仅仅”；always表示“总是”。根据“No,thanks.”可知不喜欢喝咖啡，即很少喝，故选A。18.ThepopulationofChinais________thanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.A.largerB.smallerC.moreD.less答案：A解析：形容人口多用large，根据“than”可知用比较级，故选A。19.Weshouldkeepoureyes________whiledoingeyeexercises.A.closeB.closedC.openD.opened答案：B解析：keep+宾语+形容词，“closed”表示“闭着的”，故选B。20.—YourEnglishisverygood.—________.A.ThankyouB.No,itisn'tC.It'snotgoodD.That'sOK答案：A解析：对于别人的称赞应表示感谢，故选A。21.He________thebookfortwoweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.haskeptD.borrowed答案：C解析：borrow和lend是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，keep是延续性动词，“fortwoweeks”是时间段，故选C。22.—Howmuchdoesthecomputer________?—5,000yuan.A.costB.spendC.payD.take答案：A解析：cost的主语是物；spend的主语是人；pay的主语是人；take常用于Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.句型。本句主语是“thecomputer”，故选A。23.—________haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreeyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：A解析：howlong提问时间段；howoften提问频率；howsoon提问多久以后；howfar提问距离。根据“Forthreeyears.”可知问时间段，故选A。24.Myparents________Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen答案：A解析：havebeenin表示“在某地待了多久”；havebeento表示“去过某地（已回来）”；havegoneto表示“去了某地（未回来）”。根据“fortenyears”可知是在山东待了十年，故选A。25.—I'msorryI'mlate.—________.Comeearliernexttime.A.MypleasureB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.AllrightD.Thanksalot答案：B解析：对于别人的道歉，应说“Itdoesn'tmatter.（没关系。）”，故选B。26.Theoldmanisillandhedoesn'tfeellike________.A.toeatsomethingB.toeatanythingC.eatingsomethingD.eatinganything答案：D解析：feellikedoingsth.表示“想要做某事”，否定句中用anything，故选D。27.—________doyougotothelibrary?—Twiceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowoftenD.Howmanytimes答案：C解析：howlong问时间长度；howsoon问多久以后；howoften问频率；howmanytimes问次数。根据“Twiceaweek.”可知是问频率，故选C。28.Thispairofshoes________nice.Iwanttobuythem.A.looksB.lookC.islookedD.arelooked答案：A解析：“Thispairofshoes”作主语，谓语动词与pair保持一致，用单数，且look是系动词，无被动语态，故选A。29.We'llgoforapicnicifit________thisSunday.A.won'trainB.isn'trainingC.doesn'trainD.don'train答案：C解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，it是第三人称单数，否定形式用doesn't+动词原形，故选C。30.—Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh,I'msorry.I________dinneratmyfriend'shome.A.haveB.hadC.washavingD.havehad答案：C解析：过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，根据“yesterdayevening”可知是过去的时间，“打电话时正在朋友家吃晚餐”，用过去进行时，故选C。31.—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Goalongthisstreetandturnleftatthesecondcrossing.You'llfinditonyourright.A.howcanIgettothepostofficeB.howIcangettothepostofficeC.whereisthepostofficeD.wherethepostofficeis答案：B解析：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，A、C选项是疑问句语序，排除；根据答语可知是问如何到达邮局，故选B。32.Thelittlegirlwasafraidof________atnight.A.gooutB.goesoutC.goingoutD.togoout答案：C解析：beafraidofdoingsth.表示“害怕做某事”，故选C。33.—________beautifulcity!—Yes.Lotsoftouristscometovisititeveryyear.A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.Whata答案：D解析：city是可数名词单数，感叹句用“Whata+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”的结构，故选D。34.Englishis________usefullanguage.Weshouldlearnitwell.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：A解析：useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用a，故选A。35.—________doyouusuallycometoschool?—Bybike.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.When答案：A解析：根据答语“Bybike.”可知是问方式，用how提问，故选A。36.There________somemilkandapplesinthefridge.A.isB.areC.isn'tD.aren't答案：A解析：therebe句型遵循“就近原则”，milk是不可数名词，be动词用is，根据some可知是肯定句，故选A。37.—________didyoustayinShanghailastyear?—Forabouttwomonths.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.Howfar答案：B解析：howoften问频率；howlong问时间段；howsoon问多久以后；howfar问距离。根据“Forabouttwomonths.”可知问时间段，故选B。38.Wehaveto________oursportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather.A.putoffB.putonC.putupD.putaway答案：A解析：putoff表示“推迟”；puton表示“穿上”；putup表示“张贴，搭建”；putaway表示“收拾好”。因为天气不好，所以要推迟运动会，故选A。39.Mysister________aletterwhenIgothomelastnight.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.isreading答案：B解析：when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示“当我昨晚到家时，我妹妹正在写信”，故选B。40.—I'mgoingtoHainanformyholiday.—________.A.HaveagoodtimeB.NevermindC.You'rewelcomeD.Thanks答案：A解析：当别人说要去度假时，应说“Haveagoodtime.（祝你玩得开心。）”，故选A。41.Theboyis________togotoschool.A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.youngenoughD.enoughyoung答案：A解析：enough修饰形容词时要后置，排除B、D选项；根据“gotoschool”可知是年龄足够大，故选A。42.—Wouldyouliketogofishingwithme?—________,butIhavetodomyhomework.A.No,Iwouldn'tB.Yes,IwouldC.I'dlikeD.I'mafraidnot答案：B解析：Wouldyoulike...?的肯定回答用Yes,Iwould.否定回答用No,thanks.本句后有转折，说明想去，故选B。43.TheGreens________Chinaforsevenyears.A.havecometoB.havebeentoC.havecomeinD.havebeenin答案：D解析：havecometo表示“来到”，是短暂性动词短语；havebeento表示“去过”；havecomein表示“进来”；havebeenin表示“在某地待了多久”。根据“forsevenyears”可知用havebeenin，故选D。44.—Doyouknowtheman________istalkingwithyourfather?—Yes,he'sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom答案：B解析：先行词是“theman”，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who或that，故选B。45.—Idon'tknowifit________tomorrow.—Ifit________,we'llstayathome.A.willrain;rainsB.rains;willrainC.willrain;willrainD.rains;rains答案：A解析：第一句中if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，根据“tomorrow”可知用一般将来时；第二句中if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，故选A。46.—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?—________.A.Twenty-nineB.ThirtyandtwoC.Forty-fiveD.Fifties答案：C解析：表示具体的数字用基数词，A选项应是Twenty-nine；B选项应是Thirty-two；D选项应是Fifty，故选C。47.Thepriceofthecomputeristoo________.Ican'taffordit.A.highB.expensiveC.cheapD.low答案：A解析：形容价格用high或low，“Ican'taffordit.”说明价格高，用high，故选A。48.—Yourdressisverybeautiful.—________.A.ThankyouB.You'rerightC.Don'tsaysoD.Yes,itis答案：A解析：对于别人的称赞应表示感谢，故选A。49.—________doyougotothemovies?—Onceamonth.A.HowoftenB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howsoon答案：A解析：howoften问频率；howfar问距离；howlong问时间长度；howsoon问多久以后。根据“Onceamonth.”可知问频率，故选A。50.—Canyouplaytheguitar?—________.It'stoodifficult.A.Yes,IcanB.No,Ican'tC.Yes,IdoD.No,Idon't答案：B解析：can引导的一般疑问句，用can回答，根据“It'stoodifficult.”可知是否定回答，故选B。51.—I'mverytired.—Whynotstop________arest?A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has答案：A解析：stoptodosth.表示“停下来去做某事”；stopdoingsth.表示“停止正在做的事”。根据语境“很累”可知是停下来去休息，故选A。52.Theteachertoldusthattheearth________aroundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.goingD.togo答案：A解析：“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，用一般现在时，主语theearth是第三人称单数，动词用goes，故选A。53.Myfatherusedto________newspapersafterdinner,butnowheisusedto________awalk.A.read;takeB.reading;takingC.read;takingD.reading;take答案：C解析：usedtodosth.表示“过去常常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.表示“习惯于做某事”。第一个空“过去常常看报纸”用read；第二个空“习惯于散步”用taking，故选C。54.—________you________yourhomeworkyet?—Yes,I________itjustnow.A.Did;finish;finishedB.Have;finished;finishedC.Will;finish;finishD.Are;finishing;finish答案：B解析：yet是现在完成时的标志词，所以第一个空用Have...finished；justnow是一般过去时的标志词，第二个空用finished，故选B。55.Therearemanytreeson________sideofthestreet.A.eitherB.bothC.allD.every答案：A解析：either表示“两者中的任何一个”，后接单数名词；both表示“两者都”，后接复数名词；all表示“三者或三者以上都”，后接复数名词；every表示“每一个”，后接单数名词，但用于三者或三者以上。街道只有两边，side是单数，故选A。56.Themanisveryrich.He________threehousesandfivecars.A.ownsB.sellsC.lendsD.borrows答案：A解析：own表示“拥有”；sell表示“卖”；lend表示“借出”；borrow表示“借入”。根据“rich”可知是拥有房子和车，故选A。57.—________isitfromyourhometotheschool?—It'sabouttenminutes'walk.A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowoftenD.Howsoon答案：B解析：howlong问时间长度或物体长度；howfar问距离；howoften问频率；howsoon问多久以后。根据“It'sabouttenminutes'walk.”可知问距离，故选B。58.Weshouldkeeptheclassroom________.A.cleaningB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleaned答案：B解析：keep+宾语+形容词，表示“使......保持某种状态”，clean作形容词表示“干净的”，故选B。59.I'llcallyouassoonasI________toBeijing.A.getB.willgetC.gotD.havegot答案：A解析：assoonas引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选A。60.—Couldyouplease________thewindow?It'scoldoutside.—Sorry,I'lldoitrightaway.A.notopenB.nottoopenC.don'topenD.tonotopen答案：A解析：Couldyouplease(not)dosth.?表示“请你（不要）做某事好吗？”，故选A。61.—Idon'tknow________withthisproblem.It'stoohard.—YoucanaskMr.Wangforhelp.A.whichtodoB.whentodoC.whattodoD.howtodo答案：C解析：dowith常与what连用；dealwith常与how连用。根据“withthisproblem”可知用whattodo，故选C。62.Maryis________girl.A.an8-year-oldB.a8-year-oldC.an8-years-oldD.a8-years-old答案：A解析：“8-year-old”是复合形容词，作定语，year用单数，eight是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an，故选A。63.Thebookis________.Ifeel________.A.boring;boringB.bored;boringC.boring;boredD.bored;bored答案：C解析：boring修饰物，表示“令人厌烦的”；bored修饰人，表示“感到厌烦的”。第一空“书令人厌烦”用boring；第二空“我感到厌烦”用bored，故选C。64.—Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.—Who________itbe?ItmustbeLily.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need答案：A解析：can表示推测，常用于否定句和疑问句；may表示可能性较小的推测；must表示肯定的推测；need表示“需要”。根据“Who...itbe?”可知是疑问句中的推测，用can，故选A。65.Mymother________whenIgothomeyesterday.A.cooksB.wascookingC.iscookingD.willcook答案：B解析：when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示“当我昨天到家时，妈妈正在做饭”，故选B。66.Weshoulddoourbesttohelp________poor.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：C解析：“the+形容词”表示一类人，“thepoor”表示“穷人”，故选C。67.—Howmanywomendoctorsarethereinyourhospital?—________them________overtwenty.A.Anumberof;areB.Thenumberof;areC.Thenumberof;isD.Anumberof;is答案：C解析：anumberof表示“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；thenumberof表示“......的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据“overtwenty”可知是数量，故选C。68.I'mlookingforwardto________youagain.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.seen答案：B解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”，故选B。69.ThisisthebestfilmIhave________seen.A.neverB.everC.justD.yet答案：B解析：ever表示“曾经”，常用于完成时态；never表示“从不”；just表示“刚刚”；yet常用于否定句和疑问句。根据“thebestfilm”可知是曾经看过的最好的电影，故选B。70.—________doyoulikepandas?—Becausetheyarecute.A.WhyB.WhatC.HowD.Where答案：A解析：why表示“为什么”，询问原因；what表示“什么”；how表示“怎样”；where表示“哪里”。根据“Becausetheyarecute.”可知问原因，故选A。71.We'llhavea________holiday.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?A.twodaysB.two-dayC.two-daysD.two-day's答案：B解析：“two-day”是复合形容词，作定语，中间有连字符，名词用单数，故选B。72.Please________thelightwhenyouleavetheroom.A.turnoffB.turnonC.turnupD.turndown答案：A解析：turnoff表示“关闭”；turnon表示“打开”；turnup表示“调高”；turndown表示“调低”。离开房间应该关灯，故选A。73.—I'msorryIbrokeyourpen.—________.Ihaveanotherone.A.Itdoesn'tmatterB.You'rewelcomeC.That'srightD.Thankyou答案：A解析：对于别人的道歉，应说“Itdoesn'tmatter.（没关系。）”，故选A。74.Thechildrenhadagoodtime________theparty.A.onB.atC.inD.for答案：B解析：attheparty表示“在聚会上”，是固定搭配，故选B。75.—________isyourfather?—Heisadoctor.A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Where答案：A解析：what表示“什么（职业）”；how表示“怎样”；who表示“谁”；where表示“哪里”。根据“Heisadoctor.”可知问职业，用what，故选A。76.—Yourcoatlooksnice.Isit________cotton?—Yes.It's________Shanghai.A.madeof;madebyB.madefrom;madeinC.madeof;madeinD.madefrom;madeby答案：C解析：bemadeof表示“由......制成（能看出原材料）”；bemadefrom表示“由......制成（看不出原材料）”；bemadein表示“在......制造”；bemadeby表示“被......制造”。衣服能看出原材料用madeof，在上海制造用madein，故选C。77.Idon'tknowifhe________tomorrow.Ifhe________,I'llcallyou.A.willcome;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;comes答案：A解析：第一个if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，根据“tomorrow”用一般将来时；第二个if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，故选A。78.Hespenttwohours________hishomeworklastnight.A.doB.todoC.doingD.did答案：C解析：spendtime(in)doingsth.表示“花费时间做某事”，故选C。79.—________doyouexercise?—Threetimesaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howmany答案：B解析：howlong问时间长度；howoften问频率；howfar问距离；howmany问数量。根据“Threetimesaweek.”可知问频率，故选B。80.Themusicsounds________.Ilikeitverymuch.A.wellB.goodC.badD.badly答案：B解析：sound是系动词，后接形容词，根据“Ilikeitverymuch.”可知是好听的，故选B。81.—Wouldyoulikesomejuiceorcoffee?—________.Ireallydon'tmind.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.All答案：A解析：either表示“两者中的任何一个”；neither表示“两者都不”；both表示“两者都”；all表示“三者或三者以上都”。根据“Ireallydon'tmind.”可知果汁或咖啡都行，故选A。82.Tom,________afraidofspeakinginfrontofpeople.Youarethebestone.A.don'tbeB.notbeC.doesn'tbeD.benot答案：A解析：这是一个祈使句的否定形式，Don't+动词原形，故选A。83.—Doyouknowtheman________istalkingwithyourteacher?—Yes,heisourheadmaster.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.who答案：D解析：先行词是“theman”，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who或that，故选D。84.There________afootballgamebetweenItalyandGermanytomorrowmorning.A.hasB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.hasbeen答案：B解析：therebe句型的一般将来时结构为：therewillbe或thereis/aregoingtobe，afootballgame是单数，用thereisgoingtobe，故选B。85.—HowcanIimprovemyEnglish?—________morespeakingandlistening.A.TodoB.DoingC.BydoingD.Does答案：C解析：“通过做某事”用bydoingsth.，故选C。86.Myparentsoftentellme________toomuchjunkfood.It'sbadformyhealth.A.nottoeatB.don'teatC.noteatD.tonoteat答案：A解析：tellsb.nottodosth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，故选A。87.—MustIcleantheroomnow?—No,you________.Youcandoitlater.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案：B解析：must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto，故选B。88.Ithinkmathis________thanEnglish.A.muchdifficultB.moredifficultC.mostdifficultD.themostdifficult答案：B解析：than是比较级的标志词，difficult的比较级是moredifficult，故选B。89.We'llgototheparkifit________raintomorrow.A.doesn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.don't答案：A解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，it是第三人称单数，否定形式用doesn't，故选A。90.—________didyoubuythe