2025届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题二名词学案新人教版

PAGE专题二名词————————————◄知识梳理►———————————一、名词概况名词的分类一般名词个体名词table桌子；lawyer律师；cat猫；sister姐妹集体名词people人们；class班；army军队；family家庭物质名词water水；sun阳光；snow雪；hair头发抽象名词hope希望；health健康；love爱；weather天气专出名词Tom汤姆；China中国；Beijing北京；theWorldTradeOrganization世界贸易组织名词的句法功能作主语Waterfreezesbelowzero.Thecarwillseatsixpeople.作宾语Weloveourcountry.Wehavefinishedthetask.Hegavemesomebooks.作表语Heisagooddoctor.Maryhasbecomealawyer.Heremainsasingleman.作定语bloodtype血型；dressshop服装店；warstory斗争故事；morningpaper早报；bodytemperature体温；girlfriend女挚友；womandoctor女医生作状语Waitaminute.Heworkstenhourseveryday.作补足语Mikeisconsideredagoodmonitor.WeelectedJackmonitor.名词的数可数名词Shehasthreebrothers.Theaudienceareenjoyingeveryminuteoftheplay.不行数名词Cakeisakindoffood.Thisfactoryproducessteel.名词的全部格's全部格Mary'sbike玛丽的自行车；fiveweeks'holiday五周的假期；thetree'sbranches树枝of全部格thelegsofthechair椅子的腿；theworksofMarkTwin马克·吐温的作品双重全部格afriendofmybrother's我兄弟的一个挚友；apictureofmine我的一张照片二、名词的几个留意事项留意事项例词例句特别的复数形式单复数同形的名词sheep绵羊；deer鹿；means方法；series系列；works工厂；Chinese中国人It'saneffectivemeansofcommunication.Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.Therearemanysteelworkshere.TheChineseareindustriousandbrave.只表示复数意义的集体名词people人们；police警察；cattle牛Millionsofpeoplehavelosttheirhomes.Policesaytheyhavearrestedtwentypeople.侧重成员时表示复数意义，侧重整体时表示单数意义的集体名词class班级；family家庭；team队；public大众；army军队；government政府Tohimthefamilyisthecoreofsociety.Herfamilyareallmusiclovers.Thepublichavelostfaithinwhatthegovernmentisdoing.Thepublichasrespondedgreatlytoourefforts.常以复数形式出现的名词glasses眼镜；trousers裤子；goods商品，货物；woods森林，树林；times时代；surroundings环境；arms武器；papers文件，试卷，论文；belongings财产；manners礼貌Yourtrousersareputonthebed.Wherearemyglasses?Theymaystillbe,buttimeshavechanged.Theworkingconditionsandsurroundingsaresoexcellenthere.Ineededtosortmybelongings.Goodmannersareimportanttoeveryoneintheworld.有两种复数形式的名词peopleeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(人民—people,民族—peoples))fisheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(鱼（条数）—fish,鱼（种类）—fishes))pennyeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(便士（面值）—pence,便士（硬币个数）—pennies))不行数名词转换为可数名词物质名词eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tea茶,atea一杯茶))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(beer啤酒,abeer一杯啤酒))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(coffee咖啡,acoffee一杯咖啡))抽象名词afailure失败的人或事；apleasure令人兴奋的人或事；asuccess胜利的人或事Itwasarelieftositdown.Hehadagoodknowledgeofmathematics.FirstIheardanoise.Wewillmeettomorrowandmakeadecisionthen.Thehurricanelastnightwasagreatsurprise.Theytelephonethepeopleandfixatimeforaface­to­faceinterview.TheconcertthatJohnDenverorganizedwasagreatsuccess.专出名词aJack一个叫做杰克的人She'stryingtofindaJackChenhere.WehavetwoJackshereinouroffice.名词作定语常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时用复数sportsmeeting运动会；salesmanager销售经理Willtheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnextweek?Weshou