专题16 完形填空（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）

专题16完形填空目录TOC\o"1-2"\h\u明晰学考要求 1基础知识梳理 1考点精讲讲练 2考点一：常见逻辑关系及示例 2考点二：解题原则 4考点三：答题妙招 5考点四：练习方法和提高途径 6实战能力训练 91.熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质2.掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤3.熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题（一）逻辑关系的多层面体现重要性贯穿始终：逻辑关系在完形填空中起着核心支撑作用，无论是理解文章的行文脉络，还是精准判断各个空格处应填的词汇，都离不开对逻辑关系的准确把握，它是顺利解答完形填空的关键所在。不同层面的关联：逻辑关系体现在多个层面，包括句中、句间以及段间，各层面相互影响、协同作用，共同构建起文章完整的语义逻辑网络。准确识别这些不同层面的逻辑关系，能够帮助我们从微观到宏观全方位地理解文章，进而提高答题的准确性。（二）各层面逻辑关系要点句中逻辑关系：关键线索词作用：句子内部常常通过一些特定的线索词来展现逻辑关系，像“and”这类并列连词等，它们是我们分析句内逻辑、推断空格选项的重要依据。逻辑对应分析：要善于观察句子各成分之间的逻辑对应情况，例如在涉及并列关系时，并列部分对应的修饰词等往往存在一定逻辑关联，通过分析这种关联，能筛选出符合逻辑的正确选项，就如在有关维生素成分的例句中，根据并列成分与修饰词的对应关系确定答案。句间逻辑关系：借助关系词体现：句子与句子之间的逻辑关系通常会通过如转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来呈现，这使得逻辑关系较为直观可辨，我们需要敏锐捕捉这些词来把握句间逻辑走向。语义转折与对比：像在描述不同对待工人方式的例句中，通过前后句语义的对比，能清晰判断出是转折关系，进而依据这种关系选择合适的逻辑衔接词来体现文意变化，帮助理解上下文和确定答案。段间逻辑关系：段落衔接的逻辑重点：段落之间的衔接处往往蕴含着重要的逻辑关系，尤其要关注在新段落开头体现出的与上一段落的逻辑联系，这对于整体把握文章的结构和发展脉络至关重要。转折关系的常见体现：很多时候，段间会呈现出如转折这样的逻辑关系，通过对前后段核心语义的对比分析，能发现逻辑意义上的相反情况，以此来确定体现这种逻辑关系的相应词汇，如在阐述对某一进程看法的例句中，依据两段语义相反确定转折关系词。（三）解题对逻辑关系的运用识别与判断：答题时要首先学会精准识别不同位置、不同形式呈现的逻辑关系，培养对逻辑关联词、语义逻辑变化的敏感度，这是利用逻辑关系解题的基础前提。依据逻辑推理答案：一旦确定了逻辑关系，就要顺着这种逻辑线索，结合文章语境、已知信息等进行合理的推理分析，从选项中找出最能契合相应逻辑关系、使文章语义连贯顺畅的答案，让逻辑关系成为我们攻克完形填空难题的有力武器。（一）常见逻辑关系及示例1.因果关系：关联词：如because,so,asaresult等；也存在隐性因果关系情况。示例：2019年全国卷1中，因每年很多人尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们带来大量垃圾，破坏了地方美景，相应题目依据此因果联系作答。2017年北京卷里，根据男人无家可归且饥饿的原因，推出看到男人从垃圾桶捡食物吃的结果。2.条件关系：关联词：常见的有if,unless,onconditionthat等。示例：2014年江西卷里，“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿”与“Brett能过来吗”构成条件与结果关系，用if引导。2016年北京卷中，由“如果疾病袭击镇子”这一条件，推知“孩子们会很无助”的结果。3.让步关系：关联词：介词类如despite，inspiteof,regardlessof等；连词类有though，although，as，while，evenif,eventhough等。示例：2016年天津卷中，根据主句“一个人拥有的最大财富是内心”，可推知空格所在句“虽然技巧和天赋能带来巨大成功”的意思，用Although引导。2013年重庆卷里，依据though体现的让步关系，从“尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力”推出雷声吸引了孩子们注意力这一情况。4.转折关系：关联词：常见的有however,but,onthecontrary等。示例：2016年全国Ⅱ卷中，“我被命名为最有价值的运动员”与“我常做恶梦被责备”是转折关系，用but连接。2016年北京卷里，“韦尔奇医生迫切需要药品”与“最近的药品供应站距离远”为转折关系，选However。5.对比关系：关联词：常见的有while,whereas,not…..but,instead等。示例：2017年新课标Ⅰ卷中，“安静不是不令人愉快的”和“如果有口语交流，会让我们学的手语更少”形成对比关系，用Instead连接。2012年全国Ⅰ卷里，“北欧人不喜欢身体接触”与“拉丁美洲人身体接触较多”构成对比关系，用ontheotherhand体现。6.并列关系：表现形式：通过并列连词and或notonly…butalso等连接，可为同近义并列或反义并列。示例：2017年新课标Ⅱ卷中，根据并列连词and以及前句中的fun，结合后句的saddest，判断两分句为反义并列，从而选出答案。2016年天津卷里，依据“andpraisetheiraccomplishments”可推知与之并列的是为某人鼓劲加油的表达，进而确定选项。7.递进关系：关联词：常见的有even,besides,what’smore等。示例：2015年全国II卷中，“她们表现得很有进攻性”与“还进了一球”是递进关系，用even体现。2014年湖南卷里，“熨烫衣服说明我还有某种强项”与“通过熨烫衣服学会解决最难问题的方法”是递进关系，选Besides。8.解释关系：解释方式：可通过某些动词（如mean,be和suggest等）、符号（破折号，冒号和括号等）或者关联词（如forexample/instance,namely等）来进行解释说明。示例：2017年北京卷中，由forexample可知前后句为解释关系，后句提到获奖，所以前句51空应表示“奖励”相关意思。2016年北京卷里，空后的句子对前面“是旅途中最危险的一部分”进行了解释说明。9.顺序关系：关联词：常见的有tobeginwith,firstofall,first(ly),second(ly),then,next,intheend,finally,lastbutnotleast等；顺序关系有时存在于上下段或上下文之间。示例：2017年新课标Ⅱ卷中，根据“在本学年结束之前，我给孩子们一份特别礼物”的语境，依据顺序关系确定选项。2016江苏卷里，由信号词then体现的顺序关系，结合语境推出最后微笑着说话的情况，确定答案。10.时间关系：引导词：常由when,while,after,before,assoonas等引导时间状语从句。示例：2016年北京卷中，根据从句意“当他把药给下一位赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，Shannon的脸因极度寒冷而冻得发黑”，判定用When引导，体现时间关系。2017年江苏卷里，根据前后句语境，判断是学音乐的学生要比规定到校时间早到校练习，用before引导。（二）解题原则1.语义优先于语法原则：文章开头一般介绍短文相关内容，单纯语法题很少。答题不能只按语法规则选答案，要先理解文章大意，再结合语言结构判断空格选项，因几乎每个选项都可能符合语法规则。2.词内选项句内找原则：近义词或词组辨析是考试热点，若四个选项词义相近，需根据上下文语境选择；若词义相差悬殊，上文或下文通常有答题提示，有时需读完全文才能回答首个空格。3.四遍法原则：第一遍：跳过空格通读全文，了解体裁、大意，同时填出一眼能看出答案的题目。第二遍：关键步骤，逐个推敲空格，按先易后难原则，不确定的先跳过。第三遍：通篇考虑，填好上下文联系强、涉及段与段逻辑关系的较难空格。第四遍：检查，再通读全文，从整体把握文章意思，修正不合适的选项。（三）答题妙招1.跳读首尾句进行预测：高考完形填空首、尾句通常不挖空，通过跳读可判断体裁、猜想文章内容。首句常交代关键信息、点明主题，尾句多是主题总结，对理解全文有重要启示作用。2.利用语法分析解题：部分题目考查语法项目，可运用平时所学词汇知识，分析单词（组）使用范围、动词及物不及物情况，借助句子结构、句式特点等衡量选项，排除干扰项。3.利用固定搭配解题：考查词汇知识体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词辨析两方面。要掌握习惯用法，同时提升词汇量、词语搭配及辨析能力，尤其要能在特定语境灵活运用，根据固定搭配确定答案。4.利用固定句型解题：掌握一些固定句型有助于确定题目答案，熟悉如“Itwasn’tlongbefore…”这类常用句型的用法和含义，结合语境准确答题。5.利用复现信息解题：语篇存在原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等情况，以及词汇和结构同现现象，可利用这些寻找解题信息。6.利用跳读法解题：先确定相对简单的空格答案，再逐个突破其他较难空格，跳过不易得出答案的题目，避免按题号顺序依次答题。7.巧用排除法解题：不能直接确定答案时，可结合排除法与词汇、语法分析，缩小选择范围，排除不符合题意的选项，提高答题正确率。8.利用逻辑关系解题：句中逻辑关系：通过句子内部的逻辑线索词，如并列、对应等关系来推断选项，使选项逻辑意义与文中线索相符。句间逻辑关系：借助转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词体现的句与句之间的逻辑联系，或者从篇章层面把握逻辑关系来解题。段间逻辑关系：关注段落之间衔接体现的逻辑关系，通常在第二段首句等位置体现与前段的逻辑关联来确定答案。9.巧用背景常识解题：当文章信息不足时，结合头脑中的文化背景和生活常识答题，依据主题猜测细节，从重复出现词语中体会文章氛围，简化答题过程。10.利用对比结构解题：对比结构将对立事物或同一事物不同方面并列对比，利用这种关系，根据已知对比部分推断出设空处的答案。11.利用平行结构解题：平行结构形式整齐、内容关联、语法一致，根据其句式相似及意义关联或对比的特点，确定与平行部分对应的答案选项。12.利用暗示和对应解题：做题要有全局观念，注重前后句意思联系，难选之处前后多有暗示，多为后面暗示前面，依据这种暗示与对应关系合理推理判断答案。13.根据文章的感情色彩解题：通读时寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，它们对选择体现相同感情色彩的选项起引导作用，依据文章用词的感情倾向确定答案。14.综合利用各种线索解题：从文章字里行间寻找书写和形态变化线索、词汇线索、句法线索、社会文化线索等，利用这些线索猜测、判断，准确答题。（四）练习方法和提高途径培养良好阅读习惯：以意群、语义为单位阅读，避免逐词逐句认读。借助视觉扫读，摒弃手指唇动或无声心读方式。阅读时一气呵成，减少频繁回读。直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句心译。利用上下文和构词法猜测生词、推测句意，不频繁查词典。逐步扩大视距，进行纵式快速阅读，而非横式赏析细读。例题精练，举一反三因果关系Everyyearabout40000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They__41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.41.A.keep B．mix C．connect D．Bring42.A.stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reportersTheysawaman_____36_____outofagarbagecan.Sheaskedhermotherwhyhedidthatandhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungry.A.jumping B．eating C．crying D．waving条件关系“Icanhelp,Mum！”Jamessaid.“44

IcanmakeyouandDadfeelbetter,canBrettcomeover?Please？”A.As B．If C．Since D．BeforeThechildrenofNomewouldbe

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ifit(adeadlyinfectiousdiseasemainlyaffectingchildren)struckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.A.harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless条件关系Lookingaround,hecontinued,“Cathyhasinspireduswithherwillandenthusiasm.

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skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess,themostvaluableasset(财富)onecanholdistheheart.”A.Although B．Since C．Once D．BecauseHardthoughshetriedtomakethekids

40，thethunderwonthebattlefortheirattention.40．A.concentrate B.change C．hide D．sit转折关系Wewent10—1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,

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IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller’saccident.A.and B．then C．but D．thusDr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.

38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.A.Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．HoweverThelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe

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whattheywouldhavegotteninschool，butarecertainlymorepersonalandmeaningful，becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.40．A.harmfulto B．mixedwith C．differentfrom D．appliedto对比关系Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwasprohibited.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.58,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.A.Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．HoweverNorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehavingbodilycontact(接触)evenwithfriends,certainlynotwithstrangers.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，45,toucheachotherquitealot.A.inotherwords B．ontheotherhand C．inasimilarway D．Byallmeans并列关系Freddywasanaveragestudent,butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion（同情）.Hewouldlaughtheloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s_____46_____.A.misfortune B．disbelief C．dishonesty D．mistakeThencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn’texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto

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herfriendsandpraisetheiraccomplishments.A.cheeron B．competewith C．respondto D．runafter递进关系Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhadseenthedaybeforeintotheirgame.Theyplayedaggressivelyand

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scoredagoal.36.A.even B.still C.seldom D.againWhateverfailuresIsufferinmylife,anironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.

46,throughironingI'velearnedthemethodforsolvingeventhemosttroublesomeproblems.A.Instead B．Besides C．Otherwise D．However解释关系InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannahbeganheractivities,shehasreceivedalotof

51.Forexample,shereceivedthe2007BRICKAwardrecognizingtheeffortsofyoungpeopletochangetheworld.A.praises B．invitations C．replies D．appointmentsOnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadtocrossafrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost_____48_____partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.A.shameful B．boring C．dangerous D．foolish顺序关系In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kidsentered“TheThinkingLaboratory.”…Beforetheschoolyear_____47_____,Igavethekidsaspecialgift,…A.changed B．approached C．returned D．endedA（2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Responsibilityisthegoodcharacterofhumanrace.However,inthisworld,fewpeoplehaveself-esteem,self-confidence,enterprising,compassion,perseverance,filialpietyandkindness.Thefaucet(旋塞)hasmanyuses:toprovidewater1thepeople.2,somepeoplewillturnonthefaucetandareunwillingtoturnitoff.Intheschool,therearemanyclassmateslittering.Thisisabadbehavior.Litteringgarbagebacktopollutetheenvironment,makingthecampusunclean.Itis3thatthereisayoungmanstudyingintheUnitedStates4hasgoodgradesinschoolandisalsoverysmartandcapable.Aftergraduation,hethoughthecouldfindagoodjobwithhisknowledgeandability.However,hewenttomanycompaniesand5rejected.Whenheasked6hewasrejected,thereplyhegotwas:Althoughyouareverytalented,youescapedtheticket3times.Mycompanyis7havetalentsandgoodqualitysuchasintegrity(正直).Thisisalsoa8.Dowhatyoucandobyyourself.Thetasksassigned(分配)toyoubytheteacher9bedonetothebestofyourability.Whenyouseeavery10person,youwill11thinkabouthismiserablelifeorcontinuetoweavehiminthefuture.Thisisyourkind12.Ifyougetafailingtestpaper,youwilldefinitelypushalltheresponsibilitiestotheteacher.It’snotright13thistime.It’s14youdon’tstudyhardtofailtheexam.Classmates,let’s15action!Letusreinvigorate(使再振作)andchangeourbadailments,nottolitterandsoon.Then,wecanbecomeamodernlittlecitizenwithasenseofresponsibility.1．A．to B．with C．for D．from2．A．But B．However C．And D．While3．A．said B．say C．speak D．spoken4．A．where B．that C．while D．who5．A．was B．is C．were D．are6．A．how B．what C．why D．that7．A．for B．with C．to D．from8．A．blame B．responsibility C．duty D．onus9．A．may B．should C．can D．must10．A．miserable B．pity C．rich D．nasty11．A．decidely B．rueful C．commiserative D．definitely12．A．compassion B．concern C．solicitude D．feeling13．A．on B．in C．at D．for14．A．that B．becaue C．why D．were15．A．put B．take C．in D．upB（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Iwassixty-eightyearsoldandretiredwhenourchurch(教堂)joinedaprisonservicegroup.Wewentonatourofthewomenprison(监狱).Themetaldoorsgavemeasenseof16.IknewIcouldn’tstandbeinglockedbehindthosedoors,17asavolunteerwhoknewshewasgettingout.ThenMargo,ayoungbutexperiencedvolunteerintheprison,18metobeherpartner.Shefeltshecould19thewomenbyspeakingtotheirneeds.Herpositiveattitudeslowlybuiltmy20,andIacceptedherinvitation.Later,MargoandIscheduledourfirstvisit.21,whenwearrivedattheprison,thewomen22tocomeoutastheywerewatchingTV.AndwhenIarrivedthenextweekforthesecondvisit,IwastoldMargocouldn’t23!HowwasIsupposedtodealwiththemwhenshewasabsent?Waitingalone24,Ialmostjumpedatthesoundofthedoorunlocking.Onebyone,thewomeninorangeenteredtheroom.Isawdaughters,mothers,andgrandmothers.Theyhadalloncemadebaddecisionsbuttheywantedto25.Suddenly,Ifeltnofearandcouldn’twaittoshare26wordswiththesewomen.BeforeIknewit,ourmeetinghadendedandthewomenwere27me.FifteenyearshavepassednowandI28togoweeklytotheprison.Thegreatest29istohearthemsay“thanks,GrannyBev,”astheyfollowtheguardbacktotheirrooms,andIgothroughthe30doorsthatoncebroughtmefear.16．A．curiosity B．fear C．surprise D．sadness17．A．rarely B．especially C．even D．just18．A．invited B．forced C．allowed D．hired19．A．control B．influence C．cheat D．judge20．A．capacity B．patience C．confidence D．reputation21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However22．A．planned B．refused C．managed D．offered23．A．stay B．speak C．come D．walk24．A．nervously B．excitedly C．expectantly D．angrily25．A．survive B．escape C．relax D．change26．A．encouraging B．interesting C．polite D．tough27．A．congratulating B．asking C．thanking D．observing28．A．stop B．struggle C．forget D．continue29．A．satisfaction B．interest C．disappointment D．wish30．A．hidden B．same C．mental D．woodenC（2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）Ayoungwomaninher20swassittingonthetrain,nexttohermother.Theybothlookedtiredbutexcited.Theyoungwomanwaslooking31fromthetrain’swindows.Suddenly,sheshouted“Mom,look,thetreesarebehindus!”Hervoicewasso32thateveryoneonthetrainheard.Momsmiled.Butayoungcouplesittingnearby33theyoungwoman’schildishbehavior(行为)withpity.“34youngwoman.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithhermind.”Theythought.Awhilelater,theyoungwoman35again.Andthemotherseemedveryhappywiththeyoungwoman’swords.36thecouplecouldn’thelpaskingtheoldwoman,“Sorryifweoffend(冒犯)you.Butwhydon’tyoutakeyourdaughtertoagooddoctor?”Theoldwomansmiledandsaid,“Actually,wehavejustcomefromthe37”“Thenyoushouldgotoabetterone.Becauseitseemsthatyourdaughter’ssituationhasn’t38,”saidoneofthem.Theyfeltsobadfortheoldwoman.“No,infactI’mveryhappywiththetreatment(治疗),”saidthemother.“Mydaughterwas39frombirth.Today,sheisseeingtheworldforthefirsttime.”Everysinglepersonhasastory.Don’tjudge(评判)people40youtrulyknowthem.Thetruthmightsurpriseyou.31．A．in B．down C．out D．away32．A．loud B．low C．gentle D．soft33．A．arrivedat B．lookedat C．shoutedat D．aimedat34．A．Happy B．Smart C．Clever D．Poor35．A．said B．asked C．shouted D．sang36．A．Luckily B．Finally C．Sadly D．Probably37．A．school B．factory C．hospital D．store38．A．improved B．happened C．started D．kept39．A．healthy B．deaf C．weak D．blind40．A．since B．before C．after D．forD（2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）Imuneknarrowlyavoidedadisasterlastyear.Atthattime,Imunekalreadyhada1yearoldandwaseightmonthspregnantwithhersecondkid.Shewasstillworkingherjobasabusdriverforlocal41.Thedaywasfairly42untilastrangesmellbegantofillthe43.“Ihadthedriverwindowdownandthoughtthe44wascomingfromanothercaratfirst,butthensmoke45comingthroughmyheater,soI46,”Imunekrecalled.She47touseherradiophonetodiscusstheproblem,butitdidn’ttakelongforherto48thatshedidn’thavetimefora49.Instead,shegatheredthe37kidsshe50,rangingfromprimarytohighschool,andgotthemoffthebusasquicklyand51aspossible.Fifteentothirtysecondsafterthe52childgotoffthebus,thebuswasonfire.AlthoughImunekbreathedinagoodamountofsmoke,sheandherbabywerefoundtobe53,aswereallthechildrenonherbus.Toexpresstheir54,allofthechildren’sparentswrotethankyounotesforthe55busdriver.41．A．workers B．travelers C．students D．villagers42．A．tough B．challenging C．comfortable D．natural43．A．bus B．car C．street D．world44．A．smell B．smoke C．fire D．noise45．A．stopped B．started C．continued D．tried46．A．gotoff B．wentaway C．pulledover D．stoodup47．A．afforded B．agreed C．promised D．wanted48．A．decide B．hope C．imagine D．record49．A．chance B．lesson C．conversation D．task50．A．chose B．taught C．knew D．carried51．A．politely B．calmly C．actively D．easily52．A．last B．first C．only D．slow53．A．healthy B．weak C．attractive D．helpless54．A．support B．thanks C．understanding D．worries55．A．good-looking B．easy-going C．fast-talking D．quick-thinkingE（22-23高一下·江西抚州·期中）Someyearsago,Iwasinvitedtogiveakeynotespeechatahigh-levelmeeting.Itwasagreatchanceforme.Iwas56whenIheardthenews.57,sinceIgaveakeynotespeechforthefirsttime,I58Iwouldn’tperformwellasexpected.WhenIsatinthebackwaitingformy59,Ifeltnervousabouthowpeoplewouldseeme.Ifixedmymindtotallyon“me”.Ifeltveryuncomfortable.Whilelookingthroughwebsitesonline,Ireadaninterviewwithafamouspsychologist60.Hespokeaboutthepleasureofwishingotherswellandawaveof61sweptoverme.IrecognizedthatthekindestthingIcoulddoformyselfwasto62concentratingtotallyon“me”andinsteadtrytobe63toothers.SoIstayedfocusedonwhatcouldbeusefultootherpeopleratherthanhowIwas64.Surprisingly,myspeechreceivedgreat65.Iunderstandthattogetadmiration,stop66it,totakecareofyourself,youneedtotakecareofothersfirst.This67worksformanypeople.It’salso68thatyouneedtobekindtoyourselfbecauseifyoursenseofbeinghappy69,you’remorelikelytobepatient,supportive,forgiving,andloving.Nowadays,itseemsasifpeopleare70inavastwebsinceeachpersondoesn’tlivealone.Nomatterhowgoodorbaditis,whatyoudotootherscertainlycomesbacktoyourself.56．A．positive B．disappointed C．excited D．sad57．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．However58．A．feared B．expected C．decided D．promised59．A．chance B．turn C．dream D．choice60．A．inexchange B．onpurpose C．byaccident D．fornothing61．A．regret B．warmth C．pride D．relaxation62．A．practise B．stop C．imagine D．consider63．A．polite B．blind C．helpful D．known64．A．comingacross B．givingup C．figuringout D．puttingdown65．A．praise B．benefit C．guidance D．challenge66．A．changing B．making C．improving D．finding67．A．habit B．rule C．result D．story68．A．true B．easy C．surprising D．interesting69．A．struggles B．changes C．matters D．increases70．A．trapped B．controlled C．connected D．arrangedF（2024高二下·福建·学业考试）Myelderbrother,Kevin,wasalwaysunkindtome.Sharingabedroomwithhimwasnot71.WhenIwasseven,my72tookustotheswimmingpooloneday.Ijustlearnedhowto73then,butKevincouldswimlikeafish.MyparentsremindedKevinto74mebeforeweswamoff.Kevinwasunwillingtolookafterme,75heswamfaraway.Ipaddled(蹬水)inthewaterbymyself.SomehowI76thelineandmovedintothegrown-ups’pool.Thewaterbecamemuch77andmyfeetcouldn’ttouchthebottom.Iwasfrightenedandtriedtocallforhelpbut78keptcomingthroughmymouthandnose.Drowning(溺水)wassucha79experience!Suddenly,someonesavedmefromthewaterand80meup.ItwasmybrotherKevin!Hearingthe81,myparentsrushedtous.TheyweresoconcernedaboutmethattheycompletelyignoredKevin.Nooneeven82howhewasfeeling.Kevinfeltwrongedandsuddenlybegantocry,sayingthatmyparents83lovedmemorethanhim.IfinallyunderstoodwhyKevinwassodifficult.Ifelt84tohavemadehimfeellessimportant.Wehuggedhimclose,sayingthatwe85himasmuch.Fromthatdayon,Ihavealwaysgotalongwellwithmybrother.71．A．surprising B．enjoyable C．difficult72．A．friends B．teachers C．parents73．A．swim B．cook C．dance74．A．lookupto B．watchoutfor C．keepawayfrom75．A．but B．if C．so76．A．crossed B．tied C．cut77．A．warmer B．cleaner C．deeper78．A．air B．water C．rubbish79．A．terrible B．boring C．wonderful80．A．beat B．blew C．brought81．A．noise B．song C．cheer82．A．explained B．asked C．doubted83．A．never B．seldom C．always84．A．calm B．sorry C．excited85．A．loved B．served C．pushedG（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）On17March,476studentsand36teachersatFalmontPrimarySchoolescapedanearthquakethathitthecountryat2:27p.m.AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,was86whenthefloorbegantoshake.Herstudents’87wasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirstand88thelegsofthedesks.Atthesametime,MissBrown89openedtheclassroomdoor,incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthestudentsremainedstilland90calmlyandquietly.Themomenttheshakingstopped,MingBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclassto91.Shesignalledtoherstudentstoexitthe92inanorderlylinecoveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasseswentdownthestairsand93totheplayground.Soonstudentsfromotherclassesarrivedtoo.Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,they94,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother.“Wepractiseearthquakesafety,procedurestwiceayear,”saidMissBrown,“sothekidswere95enoughtoprotectthemselvesduringtheearthquake.”86．A．teaching B．playing C．cooking D．exercising87．A．preparation B．reaction C．communication D．explanation88．A．heldonto B．caughtsightof C．tookapart D．putaside89．A．suddenly B．quickly C．carelessly D．secretly90．A．stood B．slept C．waited D．moved91．A．study B．perform C．question D．escape92．A．library B．gym C．hall D．classroom93．A．rushed B．walked C．wandered D．flooded94．A．sighed B．struggled C．relaxed D．hesitated95．A．energetic B．curious C．calm D．patientH（2024高二上·广东·学业考试）Itwasasunnyday.Katewasjumpingropeinfrontofherhouse.Shehadallthetimeintheworldto96herjumping.Thejumpropewas97toher.Itwasabirthday98fromhergrandma,whospentseveralnights99makingitperfect.AsKatewasjumping,ateenageboy100toherfromacrosstheroad.“Givemethat,”heshoutedand101thejumpropefromKate’shandsandranaway.102andangry,Kateranaftertheboy,hopingtogetitback.“Whata103boy,”thoughtKate.Sheranallthewaytoaparkandfinally104theboy.There,shesawayoungerchild105inthepond(池塘).Theboythrewanendofthejumpropetothechildandpulledthechildontothebank.Katewalkeduptothemandaskediftheyneededany106.“Allgood.Thankyou,”saidtheboy.HandingthejumpropebacktoKate,he107,“I’msorryifIfrightenedyoujustnow,butIwasina108.Theropewasabighelp.”Backhome,Katetoldhergrandmathattheropehadhelped109achildinthepark.Shesmiled110asshethoughtofthepartherjumpropehadplayed.96．A．show B．enjoy C．record D．prepare97．A．short B．strong C．special D．strange98．A．gift B．card C．cake D．party99．A．freely B．quickly C．anxiously D．tirelessly100．A．rode B．drove C．jumped D．rushed101．A．stole B．took C．received D．borrowed102．A．Tired B．Touched C．Shocked D．Excited103．A．lonely B．helpless C．careless D．horrible104．A．caughtupwith B．arguedwith C．shoutedat D．gotawayfrom105．A．swimming B．struggling C．playing D．rowing106．A．help B．time C．money D．advice107．A．warned B．shouted C．ordered D．apologized108．A．way B．mess C．hurry D．minute109．A．save B．find C．lead D．train110．A．bravely B．proudly C．curiously D．nervouslyI（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Iwasdrivingmydaughtertothenearestairport.Itwasa3-hour111,soafterdroppingheroffatthe112,mysonsandIstoppedataMcDonaldstohavelunch.Afterfindingatable,Iwentuptoorderour113.Mostoftheworkerstherewereteenagers.Workingatthecashregister(收银台),114,wasanelderlady.Eachpersonthat115togivetheirorderwasgivenahugesmileandafewkindwords.It116myhearttoseehowshemadepeoplehappyinwithhergoodcheer.Whenitwasmy117toorder,IsmiledbackandtoldherthatshehadthesweetestsmileI’d118seen.Shelaughed,pattedmeonthehandand119,“Noextracharge,sweetie!”WhenIwas120homeIcouldstillfeelher121inmyheartandseehersmileinmymind.AndIcouldfeelmyownfacesmilingtoo.Whenwedrovebacktopickupmy122afewdayslater,westoppedattheMcDonaldsagain.I123theladywiththesweetsmilebutshewasnowheretobeseen.Maybeshewasn’t124thatdayormaybeshehadmovedontoblessotherswithhersmilesomewhereelse.EitherwayIwishedherwell.Rememberingour125meetingalwaysbringsasmilebacktomyface.111．A．trip B．speech C．activity112．A．station B．airport C．show113．A．products B．drinks C．food114．A．instead B．however C．thus115．A．cameup B．lookedup C．brokeup116．A．warmed B．hurt C．troubled117．A．birthday B．turn C．check118．A．never B．ever C．seldom119．A．mailed B．recited C．said120．A．walking B．running C．driving121．A．kindness B．attention C．weight122．A．assistant B．daughter C．niece123．A．pickedup B．lookedfor C．chattedwith124．A．working B．worrying C．lying125．A．daily B．secret C．briefJ（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Iwasoverweightmostofmylife.EverythingIreallyknewaboutmyselfwas126onmysize.Itwasreallya127experiencebeingafatwoman.However,everythingchangedaftermydrastic(极端的)weight128fiveyearsago.Ioftentookalookatmyselfina129asIpassedbyinadepartmentstoreandquestioned,“Whoisthatgirl?”Itwasn’tfora130ofhavingmirrorsinmyhouseandnotlookingintothemirrorona131basis.Myoldmentalprogramming(心理程序)still132myselfas300pounds.Evenfiveyearsafterlosingalloftheweight,Istill133

myselfthinking,“Whoisthatgirl?”WhenI’mnotexpectingtoseemyselfinamirrororphotograph,it’satotal134thatIlookthewaythatIdo.I’dliketothinkthatthisissomethingmymindwillfinallygetusedto,butafterfive135,itstillhasn’t.Ilivedinaneighborhoodthathadasmall136,atwhichthesamecashiers(收银员)alwaysseemedtoworkthere.Thecashiersprettymuchalways137mewhenIweighed300pounds.Iwasnever138witha“Hello,howareyoudoingtoday?DidyoufindeverythingOK?”Evenjustsaying“hi”wouldhavebeennice.Igrewto139shoppingthere.AfterItooktheweightoff,thecashierswerewarmerandkindertome.Thesewerethesamecashiersasbefore,140theywerefriendlytothesmal