全新版大学高阶英语：综合教程 第3册 Unit 1 Never Judge by Appearances课件

Unit1NeverJudgebyAppearancesLearningObjectives

MoralSkillslanguageAchieve

athoroughunderstandingof“humannature”Appreciate

howpowerfulportraitureisindescribingaperson’scharacterLearn

todescribeaperson’sappearances,mannersandcharactersinaproperwayDevelopcriticalthinkingabilitiesBuildupanactivevocabularyaroundthethemeofNeverJudgebyAppearancesandknowhowtouseitincontextPart

2InReadingPart

3AfterReadingPart

4CriticalThinkingCONTENTSPart

5CultureFocusPart

6HomeReadingBeforeReadingAppearancesareoftendeceiving1.Quotations2.ViewingandComprehension3.DiscussionBackBeforeReadingQuotationsAppearancesareoftendeceiving.—AesopAllthatglittersisnotgold.—Shakespeare外表常有欺骗性。——伊索闪闪发光的不都是金子。——莎士比亚BeforeReading人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。——《西游记》画龙画虎难画骨，知人知面不知心。——《增广贤文》Amancan’tbeknownbyhislooks,norcantheseabemeasuredwithabushelbasket.—JourneytotheWestIt’shardtolookbeyondtheskinofadragonoratigertodrawitsbone;it’shardtoseethroughapersontoknowhisorhertruenature.—GoodWritingsofYoreBackWatchthevideoclipfromTheDevilWearsPrada

andhaveadiscussiononyourfirstimpressionsofAndreaandMiranda.BeforeReadingDiscussinpairsWhatisyourfirstimpressionofAndreaandMiranda？DoyouthinkAndreawillfitinasMiranda’sassistant,andwhy?Towhatextentwillappearancesaffectyourjudgementofaperson,esp.astranger？Canyougivesomeexamplesfromyourpersonalexperiences?BeforeReadingBackSendanaudiomessageinourclassQQgroup.InReadingGlobal

ReadingDetailed

ReadingInReading–GlobalReadingAbouttheAuthorSomersetMaugham(1874–1965):萨默塞特·毛姆anEnglishwriterconsideredtobeoneofthebestwritersofshortstoriesintheEnglishlanguage.Healsowroteplaysandnovels,includingOfHumanBondage(《人性的枷锁》),CakesandAle(《寻欢作乐》),TheMoonandSixpence(《月亮和六便士》).Manyofhisstoriesareabouthumanweaknesses.

TextOrganizationPartPara(s)

MainIdeas1122~3Itisnoeasyjobtojudgepeople,fortheyaren’talwayswhattheyappeartobe.Kindandgentle,EdwardBurton,awealthymerchant,appearedasifhecouldnotbeartohurtafly.34~51Asitturnedout,Burtonwascold-bloodedenoughtosendafriendtocertaindeath.InReading–GlobalReadingBackAFriendinNeedSomersetMaughamForthirtyyearsnowIhavebeenstudyingmyfellowmen.Idonotknowverymuchaboutthem.Ishrugmyshoulders

whenpeopletellmethattheirfirstimpressionsofapersonarealwaysright.Ithinktheymusthavesmallinsightorgreatvanity.

FormyownpartIfindthatthelongerIknowpeoplethemoretheypuzzleme.

These

reflectionshave

occurredto

mebecauseIreadinthismorning’spaperthatEdwardHydeBurtonhaddiedatKobe.HewasamerchantandhehadbeeninbusinessinJapanformanyyears.Iknewhimverylittle,butheinterestedmebecauseoncehegavemeagreatsurprise.InReading–DetailedReading

UnlessIhadheardthestoryfromhisownlips,Ishouldneverhavebelievedthathewascapableofsuchanaction.Itwasmorestartlingbecausebothinappearanceandmannerhesuggestedaverydefinitetype.Hereifeverwasamanallofapiece.

Hewasatinylittlefellow,notmuchmorethanfivefeetfourinheight,andveryslender,withwhitehair,aredfacemuchwrinkled,andblueeyes.IsupposehewasaboutsixtywhenIknewhim.Hewasalwaysneatlyandquietlydressedinaccordancewithhisageandstation.InReading–DetailedReadingThoughhisofficeswereinKobe,BurtonoftencamedowntoYokohama.Ihappenedononeoccasiontobespendingafewdaysthere,waitingforaship,andIwasintroducedtohimattheBritishClub.Weplayedbridgetogether.Heplayedagoodgameandagenerousone.Hedidnottalkverymuch,eitherthenorlaterwhenwewerehavingdrinks,butwhathesaidwassensible.Hehadaquiet,dryhumor.Heseemedtobepopularattheclubandafterwards,whenhehadgone,theydescribedhimasoneofthebest.IthappenedthatwewerebothstayingInReading–DetailedReadingstayingattheGrandHotelandnextdayheaskedmetodinewithhim.Imethiswife,fat,elderly,andsmiling,andhistwodaughters.Itwasevidentlyaunitedandaffectionatefamily.IthinkthechiefthingthatstruckmeaboutBurtonwashiskindliness.Therewassomethingverypleasinginhismildblueeyes.Hisvoicewasgentle;youcouldnotimaginethathecouldpossiblyraiseitinanger;hissmilewasbenign.Herewasamanwhoattractedyoubecauseyoufeltinhimarealloveforhisfellows.AtthesametimehelikedhisgameofcardsandhisInReading–DetailedReadinghiscocktail,hecouldtellwithpointagoodandspicy

story,andinhisyouthhehadbeensomethingofanathlete.Hewasarichmanandhehadmadeeverypennyhimself.Isupposeonethingthatmadeyoulikehimwasthathewassosmallandfrail;hearousedyourinstinctsofprotection.Youfeltthathecouldnotbeartohurtafly.OneafternoonIwassittingintheloungeoftheGrandHotelwhenBurtoncameinandseatedhimselfinthechairnexttomine.InReading–DetailedReading‘Whatdoyousaytoalittledrink?’Heclappedhishandsforaboyandorderedtwoginfizzes.Astheboybroughtthemamanpassedalongthestreetoutsideandseeingmewavedhishand.‘DoyouknowTurner?’saidBurtonasInoddedagreeting.‘I’vemethimattheclub.I’mtoldhe’saremittanceman.’‘Yes,Ibelieveheis.Wehaveagoodmanyhere.’‘Heplaysbridgewell.’InReading–DetailedReading‘Theygenerallydo.Therewasafellowherelastyear,oddlyenoughanamesakeofmine,whowasthebestbridgeplayerIevermet.IsupposeyounevercameacrosshiminLondon.LennyBurtonhecalledhimself.Ibelievehe’dbelongedtosomeverygoodclubs.’‘No,Idon’tbelieveIrememberthename.’‘Hewasquitearemarkableplayer.Heseemedtohaveaninstinctaboutthecards.Itwasuncanny.Iusedtoplaywithhimalot.HewasinKobeforsometime.’Burtonsippedhisginfizz.InReading–DetailedReading‘It’sratherafunnystory,’hesaid.‘Hewasn’tabadchap.Ilikedhim.Hewasalwayswell-dressedandsmart-looking.Hewashandsomeinawaywithcurlyhairandpink-and-whitecheeks.Womenthoughtalotofhim.Therewasnoharminhim,youknow,hewasonlywild.Ofcoursehedranktoomuch.Thosesortoffellowsalwaysalwaysdo.Abitofmoneyusedtocomeonforhimonceaquarterandhemadeabitmorebycard-playing.Hewonagooddealofmine,Iknowthat.’InReading–DetailedReadingBurtongaveakindlychuckle.Iknewfrommyownexperiencethathecouldlosemoneyatbridgewithagoodgrace.Hestrokedhisshavenchinwithhisthinhand;theveinsstoodoutonitanditwasalmosttransparent.

‘Isupposethatiswhyhecametomewhenhewentbroke,thatandthefactthathewasanamesakeofmine.Hecametoseemeinmyofficeonedayandaskedmeforajob.Iwasrathersurprised.’Hetoldmethattherewasnomoremoneycomingfromhomeandhewantedtowork.Iaskedhimhowoldhewas.InReading–DetailedReading‘“Thirty-five,”hesaid.‘“Andwhathaveyoubeendoinghitherto?”Iaskedhim.‘“Well,nothingverymuch,”hesaid.‘Icouldn’thelplaughing.

‘“I’mafraidIcan’tdoanythingforyoujustyet,”Isaid.“Comebackandseemeinanotherthirty-fiveyears,andI’llseewhatIcando.”

‘Hedidn’tmove.Hewentratherpale.HehesitatedforamomentandthenhetoldmethathehadInReading–DetailedReadinghadbadluckatcardsforsometime.Hehadn’tbeenwillingtosticktobridge,he’dbeenplayingpoker,andhe’dgottrimmed.Hehadn’tapenny.He’dpawnedeverythinghehad.Hecouldn’tpayhishotelbillandtheywouldn’tgivehimanymorecredit.Hewasdownandout.Ifhecouldn’tgetsomethingtodohe’dhavetocommitsuicide.‘Ilookedathimforabit.Icouldseenowthathewasalltopieces.He’dbeendrinkingmorethanusualandhelookedfifty.Thegirlswouldn’thavethoughtsomuchofhimifthey’dseenhimthen.

‘“Wellisn’tthereanythingyoucandoexceptplaycards?”Iaskedhim.InReading–DetailedReading‘“Icanswim,”hesaid.‘“Swim!”‘Icouldhardlybelievemyears;itseemedsuchaninsaneanswertogive.‘“Iswamformyuniversity.”

‘Igotsomeglimmeringofwhathewasdrivingat.

I’veknowntoomanymenwhowerelittletingodsattheiruniversitytobeimpressedbyit.

‘“IwasaprettygoodswimmermyselfwhenIwasayoungman,”Isaid.InReading–DetailedReading‘SuddenlyIhadanidea.’

Pausinginhisstory,Burtonturnedtome.‘DoyouknowKobe?’heasked.‘No,’Isaid,‘Ipassedthroughitonce,butIonlyspentanightthere.’‘Thenyoudon’tknowtheShioyaClub.WhenIwasayoungmanIswamfromthereroundthebeaconandlandedatthecreekofTarumi.It’soverthreemilesandit’sratherdifficultonaccountofthecurrentsroundthebeacon.Well,ItoldmyyoungnamesakeaboutitandIsaidtohimthatifhe’ddoitI’dgivehimajob.

‘Icouldseehewasrathertakenaback.InReading–DetailedReading‘“Yousayyou’reaswimmer,”Isaid.‘“I’mnotinverygoodcondition,”heanswered.‘Ididn’tsayanything.Ishruggedmyshoulders.Helookedatmeforamomentandthenhenodded.‘“Allright,”hesaid.“Whendoyouwantmetodoit?”‘Ilookedatmywatch.Itwasjustafterten.‘“Theswimshouldn’ttakeyoumuchoveranhourandaquarter.I’lldriveroundtothecreekathalfpasttwelveandmeetyou.I’lltakeyoubacktotheclubtodressandthenwe’llhavelunchtogether.”InReading–DetailedReading‘“Done,”hesaid.‘Weshookhands.Iwishedhimgoodluckandheleftme.IhadalotofworktodothatmorningandIonlyjustmanagedtogettothecreekatTarumiathalfpasttwelve.ButIneedn’thavehurried;heneverturnedup.’‘Didhefunk

itatthelastmoment?’Iasked.‘No,hedidn’tfunkit.Hestartedallright.Butofcoursehe’druinedhisconstitutionbydrinkanddissipation.Thecurrentsroundthebeaconweremorethanhecouldmanage.Wedidn’tgetthebodyforaboutthreedays.’InReading–DetailedReadingIdidn’tsayanythingforamomentortwo.Iwasatrifleshocked.ThenIaskedBurtonaquestion.‘Whenyoumadehimthatofferofajob,didyouknowhe’dbedrowned?’Hegavealittlemildchuckleandhelookedatmewiththosekindandcandidblueeyesofhis.Herubbedhischinwithhishand.

‘Well,Ihadn’tgotavacancyinmyofficeatthemoment.’InReading–DetailedReadingFurtherUnderstandingQuestionsCanyoulistoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwoBurtons?PleasedescribethesetwoBurtonsinyourownwords.IfLennyBurtoncametoyouforhelp,andyouwereinapositiontohelphim,wouldyouhelp?Whyorwhynot?InReading–DetailedReadingBack

EdwardBurtonVS

LennyBurtonEdwardBurtonLennyBurtoneconomicsituationrichbroke/poorsocialstatusawealthymerchantaremittancemancardplayingskillsmorealosermoreawinnerworkingexperienceexperiencedinexperiencedfirstimpressionsonotherskindly,gentle,generousaplayboy,gambler,down-and-outnaturecold,cruelweak,dependenttheauthor’sattitudetowardshimcontemptuoussympathetic

Similarities:

cardlovers;goodswimmers;thesamesurnameInReading–DetailedReadingInReading-LanguageFocusBackshrugone'sshouldersyoushrugyourshoulderstoexpressdoubt,indifference,disagreement,ignorance,etc.aboutsomething.IaskedherwhereSamwas,butshejustshruggedhershoulders,ie.toshowshedidn'tknowordidn'tcare.InReading-LanguageFocusinsight

n.theabilitytogainanaccurateanddeepunderstandingofpeopleorthings;asuddenclearunderstandingofsth.洞察力，眼光；顿悟ThisBaiduresearcherofferedsomenewinsightintothecompany’sself-drivingcarprogramattheacademicconferencetoday.这位百度公司的研究人员在今天的学术会议上透露了该公司无人驾驶汽车计划的一些新情况。BackInReading-LanguageFocusvanity

n.excessiveprideinone’sownappearance,abilitiesorachievements虚荣，自负Manypeopledietforreasonsofvanityevenwhentheweightlossisbadfortheirhealth.许多人出于虚荣而节食，即使减肥有损健康也在所不惜。BackInReading-LanguageFocus

forsb.’s(own)part

usedforemphasizingwhoyouarereferringtoinastatementaboutsth.就…而言FormypartIpreferlivinginthecountry.就我而言，我更愿乐享乡间生活。BackInReading-LanguageFocus

reflection

n.anideaoropinionbasedoncarefulthought（经过仔细考虑形成的）想法，见解Ienjoyreadingyourreflectionsonthejoyofteachingasavolunteerinaruralschool.我很喜欢读你写的去乡村学校志愿支教的体会。BackInReading-LanguageFocus

occurto(sb.)(ofanidea)cometo(sb.’s)mindsuddenly（主意或想法）突然浮现于脑海中Itoccurstomethatwehavenevertravelledasagroup.我突然想到我们从来没有集体旅行过。BackInReading-LanguageFocusbe(all)ofapiece(withsth.)bethesame(assth.)inallparts;be(entirely)consistent(withsth.)浑然一体；（与）…完全一致Thestyleofthebookisallofapiece,inbothillustrationsandtext.这本书的风格从插图到文字都浑然一体。BackInReading-LanguageFocuswrinkle

vt.formsmallfoldsorlinesinthesurface使起皱纹Thewomanwasforty,butlookedfifty.Hercheeksweresunkenandherskinwaswrinkledandyellow.这位女士实际年龄40岁，但看上去有50岁。她的两颊瘪塌，皮肤起皱，肤色发黄。BackInReading-LanguageFocusinaccordancewith

inagreementorconformitywith与…一致；按照，依据Someyoungpeopleareself-centered,whichisnotinaccordancewithtraditionalChinesevalues.有些年轻人以自我为中心，这不符合中国传统价值观。BackInReading-LanguageFocus

benign

a.showingkindnessandgentleness;harmless和善的；无害的，良性的IpickedoutBenrightaway.Hewasalargebaldmanwithabenignface.我很快就认出本来。他是个大块头，已经谢顶，面貌和善。BackInReading-LanguageFocus

spicy

a.exciting,esp.becauseofbeingslightlyindecent;containingortastinglikespice有刺激性的，有点下流的；（食品）辛辣的Youcanoftenreadspicystoriesaboutfilmstarsinthelocalnewspapers.

地方小报上经常能读到有关影星的劲爆新闻。BackPeoplefromalloverChinanowseemtolikespicyfood.如今似乎所有中国人都爱吃辣。InReading-LanguageFocussomethingofa(n)可以说是一个…；相当突出的一个Mrs.Huntwassomethingofabeautyinherdays.亨特太太年轻时是相当漂亮的。BackInReading-LanguageFocusinawaytoacertainextentbutnotentirely在某种程度上，有点儿Iagreewithyouinaway,buttherearestillsomeareasonwhichIcan’tseeeyetoeyewithyou.我部分赞同您的观点，但是在某些方面我和您意见不一致。BackInReading-LanguageFocusgobrokehavenomoney;gobankrupt一文不名，破产Manymultinationalcompanieswentbrokeduringthefinancialcrisis,nottospeakofsmallbusinesses.金融危机中，许多跨国公司破产，更别提小企业了。BackInReading-LanguageFocushithertoad.

(fml)uptothistime;untilnow迄今；到目前为止Hehashithertoachievedgreatsuccessinhiscareer.他的职业之路走到今天，可谓风生水起。BackInReading-LanguageFocustrim

vt.getthebetterof(sb.),typicallybycheatingthemoutofmoney;cutoffirregularorunwantedparts击败；修剪Theyweretrimmedby3goalsto2.对手三比二打败了他们。BackInReading-LanguageFocusdownandout

withoutanymeansoflivelihood穷困潦倒Whenhewasdownandout,noneofhisfriendsgavehimahelpinghand.他穷困潦倒之时，没有一个朋友帮助他。BackInReading-LanguageFocusbe/go/fall(all)topieces

loseone’semotionalormentalcomposure;fallapart崩溃，垮掉Inthisnovel,ahousewifewasalltopiecesasonedisasterstruckafteranother.在这部小说里，一位家庭主妇在接踵而来的灾难打击之下崩溃了。BackInReading-LanguageFocusdriveat

bereallytryingtosay意指，要说Ihavenoideawhatyou’redrivingat.我根本不明白你的意思。BackInReading-LanguageFocusonaccountof

becauseof由于，因为Weboughtthiselectriccaronaccountofenvironmentalconcerns.我们出于环保的考虑买了这辆电动汽车。BackInReading-LanguageFocusbetakenaback

beshockedorsurprised吃一惊IwastakenabackwhenIfoundmycomputergone.我发现自己的电脑不见了，大吃一惊。BackInReading-LanguageFocusin(good)/poor/etc.condition身体状况好/不好等Heisingoodconditionagainafteralongholiday.长假之后，他身体恢复了。BackInReading-LanguageFocusturnup

arrive;makeone’sappearance来到；出现Somestudentsalwaysturnuplateforclass.有的学生上课老是迟到。BackInReading-LanguageFocusfunk

vt.(infml)avoidbecauseoffear（因畏惧而）逃避，回避Hepromisedtoclimbthemountainwithus,buthefunkeditatthelastmoment.他答应跟我们一起去爬山，结果却临阵退缩了。BackInReading-LanguageFocusconstitution

n.thephysicalmakeupofaperson体格，体质Havingbeenillforseveralyears,hehasaparticularlyfragileconstitution.生了几年病之后，他的体质特别弱。BackInReading-LanguageFocusatriflealittlebit稍微，有点儿Newlyarrivedtouristscameoutoftheairportatrifleanxious.初来乍到的游客们走出机场时有点焦虑。BackParaphrasethissentence:Ithinktheyareeitherignorantorthinktoomuchofthemselves.Ithinktheymusthavesmallinsightorgreatvanity.

TranslatethissentenceintoChinese:我认为这些人要么目光短浅，要么自以为是。InReading-LanguageFocusBack1.Paraphrasethissentence.Hereifthereeverwasamanwhoisthesameashelookslike.Hereifeverwasamanallofapiece.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.要说真有表里如一的人的话，那就是此公了。InReading-LanguageFocusBack1.Whatis"dryhumor"?Someonewithadryhumorpretendstobeseriouswhentheyarereallyjoking.Hehadaquiet,dryhumor.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.他很是低调，颇有点冷幽默。InReading-LanguageFocusBackhecouldtellwithpointagoodandspicystory,andinhisyouthhehadbeensomethingofanathlete.1.Whatcanweinferfromthispart?Weknowthisguywasquitehumorousandeasy-going.Thesecondsentenceimplieshelookedhealthy.Shortandsmallasheis,hedoesnotlookmorbid.Allhisthingsdepictagoodandkindelderlyman.2.

TranslatethispartintoChinese.他能绘声绘色地讲个来劲儿的段子什么的，他年轻时还算得上是个运动员呢。InReading-LanguageFocusBack1.Whatcanweinferfromthissentence?Hewasveryfrail.Hisappearancesuggestsnohurt.Thisdescriptionofhishandisaproofofwhathasbeenmentionedbeforethat

hewasveryfrailandcouldeasilyarouseothers’instinctsofprotectionandseemedtobeamanwhowouldnotbeartohurtafly.2.

TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.他用瘦小的手摸了摸剃得光光的下巴；手上青筋鼓起，手白得几乎透明。Hestrokedhisshavenchinwithhisthinhand;theveinsstoodoutonitanditwasalmosttransparent.InReading-LanguageFocusBackIsupposethatiswhyhecametomewhenhewentbroke,thatandthefactthathewasanamesakeofmine.1.Analyzethestructureofthissentence.Isuppose后接宾语从句;从句中的主语为that;thatandthefact为前一个that的同位语，用来进行补充说明。也就是说,他来找我的原因有二：一是that(两个that指代的是相同的事件)，二是thefactthat。2.

TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.大概就是因为这个，当他落得一文不名的时候，就来找我了，再说他和我同姓。InReading-LanguageFocusBackIgotsomeglimmeringofwhathewasdrivingat.I’veknowntoomanymenwhowerelittletingodsattheiruniversitytobeimpressedbyit.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.我听出了一点他话里的意思。上大学时自以为了不起的人我见得多了，我才不吃这套呢。InReading-LanguageFocusBackButIneedn’thavehurried;heneverturnedup.Whatdoesthesentenceimply?He(Burton)wasevil-mindedandcold-blooded,havingnosympathyatall.InReading-LanguageFocusBackWell,Ihadn’tgotavacancyinmyofficeatthemoment.Whatdoesthesentenceimply?He’dnevertakenseriouslythefriend’sneedforhelp,oractuallyhehadneverthoughtofgivinghispoorfriendahand.InReading-LanguageFocusBackAfterReadingUsefulExpressionsSentenceTranslationWritingTaskSpeakingTaskBackAfterReadingUsefulExpressions

1.耸耸肩2.自大3.让某人大吃一惊4.听某人亲口讲述5.衣着整洁素雅shrugone’sshouldersgreatvanitygivesb.agreatsurprisefromone’sownlipsbeneatlyandquietlydressedAfterReading

6.提高嗓门大发雷霆

7.白手起家

8.引发他人的恻隐之心

9.脸色变白raiseone’svoiceinangermakeeverypennyoneselfarouseothers’instinctsofprotectiongopalenodagreeting10.点头致意AfterReading11.给某人赊账12.两颊白里透红13.和善地咯咯一笑14.勉强地/欣然地15.一文不名givesb.creditpink-and-whitecheeksgiveakindlychucklewithabad/goodgracegobrokeAfterReading16.穷困潦倒17.自杀18.由于19.吃一惊20.身体状况不好/好bedownandoutcommitsuicideonaccountofbetakenabackinbad/goodconditionAfterReading21.祝某人好运22.临阵脱逃23.提出给某人一份工作24.对付不了wishsb.goodluckfunkitatthelastmomentmakesb.anofferofajob(makesb.ajoboffer)morethanonecanmanage25.拿我自己来说formyownpartBackAfterReading1)他在俱乐部里似乎人缘不错。后来，他走了以后，人家都说他是个顶呱呱的人。(Para.3)Heseemedtobepopularattheclubandafterwards,whenhehadgone,theydescribedhimasoneofthebest.SentenceTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.AfterReading

Iknewfrommyownexperiencethathecouldlosemoneyatbridgewithagoodgrace.3)我跟他玩过牌，知道他玩桥牌输起钱来大大方方。(Para.16)。2)这个人吸引你，是因为你从他身上感到他对别人的真正的爱。(Para.3)Herewasamanwhoattractedyoubecauseyoufeltinhimarealloveforhisfellows.AfterReading

Thecurrentsroundthebeaconweremorethanhecouldmanage.5)灯塔周围的激流他对付不了。(Para.47)4)姑娘们当时要是瞧见他，准不会对他那么着迷了。(Para.24)Thegirlswouldn’thavethoughtsomuchofhimifthey’dseenhimthen.BackWritingTaskThoughSomersetMaughamtellsusthatappearancecanbemisleadingintheshortstoryAFriendinNeed,appearancedoestellusalotaboutpeople,theirsocialstatus,life-style,physicalandmentalhealth,and,moreimportantly,theirpersonality.Thatiswhygreatnovelistsoftentakepainstodescribetheircharacters’appearances.Butinportrayingtheircharacters,writersdomorethanjustdescribe.Theyalsomakeobservationsaboutwhattheydescribe,anditistheirobservationsthatleadthereadertoanunderstandingofacharacter’spersonality.AfterReadingAfterReadingPersonalPortraitRereadMaugham’sdescriptionofEdwardBurtoninthestoryAFriendinNeed,andappreciatehowpowerfulportraitureisindescribingaperson’scharacter.Learntowriteaportraitofsomeoneyouarefamiliarwith.Makesuretoincludesomeobservationsthatshedlightonhispersonality.AfterReadingTipsforwritingapersonalportraitDescriptionofapersonmayincludeanyofthefollowingwhenrelevant:age,height,weight/build,facialfeatures,clothingandgeneralappearance.Veryoften,writersarebriefwithgeneraldescriptionanddwellonaperson’sspecialfeaturesandtraitsthataremoretellingabouthis/hercharacter.Includesomeobservationsinyourdescription.Theywillhelpreadersunderstandthepersonalityofthepersonyoudescribe.BackSpeakingTaskMencius(孟子)arguedthathumannaturewasfundamentallygoodaseveryonewasbornwiththecapacitytorecognizewhatwasrightandactuponit.Hsuncius(荀子)arguedthatpeoplewerebornselfishandthatitwasonlythrougheducationandritualthattheylearnedtoputmoralprinciplesabovetheirowninterests.AfterReadingDebate:Ismanborngoodorevil?Holdadebatebetweentwogroups.GroupAsupportsMenciusandGroupBsupportsXunzi.Eachgroupgivessomeexamplestoillustratetheirownpointsofview.AfterReadingReferences人之初，性本善。性相近，习相远。苟不教，性乃迁。教之道，贵以专。--《三字经》Manonearth,Goodatbirth.Thesamenature,Variesonnurture.Withnoeducation,There’dbeaberration.Toteachwell,Youdeeplydwell.--TheThreeWordPrimertranslatedbyZhaoYanchunAfterReading今之人性，生而有好利焉，顺是，故争夺生而辞让亡焉；生而有疾恶焉，顺是，故残贼生而忠信亡焉；生而有耳目之欲，有好声色焉，顺是，故淫乱生而礼义文理亡焉。

--《荀子•性恶》Whatishumannature?Humansarebornlustingafterinterest,andifunchecked,contentionswillariseandcomitydecline;humansarebornevil,andifunchecked,thieveswillswaggerandloyaltydisappear;humansarebornwithdesiresforsensualpleasures,lovingsoundsandcolors,andifunchecked,promiscuitywillprevailandetiquetteorculturedecline.