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备战2022中考英语完形填空话题分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)专题60历史人物Passage1(2021·湖北鄂州·中考真题)KarlMarxwasborninGermanyonMay5th,1818.__1__hewasachild,hewasforcedtoleavehiscountryagainandagain.HelivedinBelgium,Englandandsomeother__2__.HismothertonguewasGermanandatschoolhe__3__FrenchandEnglish,buthefelthisEnglishwaspoor.Sohe__4__uphismindtoimprovehisEnglish.Hebegantoworkhard__5__it.Hemadesomuchprogress__6__hecouldsoonreadEnglishnewspapersandwriteEnglisharticles.However,therewere__7__thingsthathethoughtweretoodifficultforhim—thegrammarandsomeoftheidioms(习语).Heoftenencouragedhimselfbysaying“__8__Ikeepontrying,I’llmakeevengreaterprogress.”Atthesametime,hisclosefriend,Engels,oftenwroteto__9__himforhishardworkinlearningEnglish.InoneofMarx’sbooks,hegavepeoplewhowerelearningaforeignlanguagesome__10__onhowtolearnitwell.Hesaidaforeignlanguagewasnecessaryforapersontohavea__11__future.Hesaidapersonshouldtranslateeverywordheheardintotheforeignlanguagehewaslearning.Ifhecoulddothis,itwouldbe__12__forhimtousethelanguagefreely.InApril,1841,he__13__hisdoctor’sdegree.Afterthat,hebegantowritearticlesforanewspaper.Hewroteaboutthehousingproblemsofpoorpeopleandtheirhardlife.__14__hetried,hedidhisbest.Duringthe1840s,MarxandEngelswroteabooktogether.Thesewordsoftheirsbecamevery__15__:“Workingpeopleofallcountries,unite(联合)!”1.A.When B.Before C.After D.While2.A.farms B.factories C.schools D.countries3.A.haslearned B.waslearning C.learns D.learned4.A.hasmade B.makes C.made D.wasmaking5.A.on B.at C.in D.for6.A.that B.what C.when D.how7.A.one B.two C.three D.four8.A.But B.If C.And D.As9.A.praise B.ask C.help D.call10.A.examples B.meanings C.money D.advice11.A.good B.better C.well D.worse12.A.probably B.impossible C.possible D.perhaps13.A.gets B.receives C.hasreceived D.received14.A.Whoever B.Whenever C.Whatever D.However15.A.humorous B.understanding C.similar D.famousPassage2(2018·湖南益阳·中考真题)ConfuciusisaChinesethinkerandsocialphilosopher,whoseteachingsandphilosophyhave_______16_______influencedChinese,Korean,JapaneseandVietnamesethoughtandlife.Hisphilosophyemphasized(强调)personalandgovernmentalmorality,correctnessofsocialrelationships,justiceandsincerity.ThesevaluesgainedprominenceinChinaoverotherdoctrines(学说),suchasLegalism(法家)orTaoism(道家)duringtheHanDynasty.Confucius'thoughtshave_____17_____

intoasystemofphilosophy_____18_____

asConfucianism(儒家).It_____19_____toEuropebytheItalianJesuitMatteoRicci,whowasthefirsttoLatinisethenameas"Confucius."TheformalnameofConfuciuswasKongQiu,andhewasalso____20____

Zhongni.Confuciuswasfromawarriorfamily.Hisfatherwasafamouswarrior______21______hadmilitaryexploitsintwobattlesandgotafeoff.ButConfucius____22____hisfatherwhenhewasthreeyearsold,sohelivedhardwithhismothersincehischildhood.___23___

thesupportandencouragementofhismother,Confuciuswasverydiligentinhisstudies.

______24______hehadamildwifewholovedhim,hestilllefthisfamilyandstrivedforhisideals.ConfuciuswantedtorevivetheperfectvirtueofHuaxiaandtheclassicalpropertiesoftheWesternZhouDynastyfor_____25_____agreatharmoniousandhumanisticsociety.16.A.deep B.deeply C.wide17.A.develop B.developed C.beendeveloped18.A.know B.known C.beknown19.A.introduced B.isintroduced C.wasintroduced20.A.call B.name C.called21.A.who B.that C.which22.A.lose B.lost C.waslost23.A.Under B.With C.To24.A.But B.Though C.Because25.A.build B.building C.setupPassage3(2019·江苏盐城·中考真题)TheSecretSoldierAyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,laydyinginahospitalbed.Hewastoo__26__tospeakormove.Twomenstoodoverhim."Ithinkthisyoungmanhas___27___,"onemansaid."I’lltakehisjacketandboots,"saidtheother.Robertgatheredallofhisstrengthto___28___,"I…I’malive."ThedoctorcamerunningoverasRobertfellintoaa(昏迷)."Wecan_29_him,"hesaidasheexaminedtheyoungsoldier,"Oh,my!He’sa__30__!"Itwastrue.Theyoungsoldier,RobertShurtliff,wasreallyDeborahSampson.__31__whowasshe?DeborahSampsonhadgrownupinMassachusetts,livingasaservant.She__32__ofhavinggreatadventures(冒险).__33__theRevolutionaryWarbrokeoutin1775,womenwerenotallowedtoserveinthearmy.ButDeborah__34__herselfasamanandbecameasolider.ShecalledherselfRobertShurtliff.Oneday,duringanattack,Deborahwasshotintheneckand__35__.AnothersoldierliftedDeborahintohishorseandrodehertothe__36__.Adoctortreatedthewoundonherbackandaskedif_37_hadanyotherinjuries.Deborahliedandsaidno.Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg,hewoulddiscoverher_38_.Usingapocketknife,Deborahgotthebullet(子弹)outofherownleg.She_39_tofightasasoldier.Afterthewarended,Deborahgotmarriedandhadchildren.Butshestilllongedfor_40_.Sosheputonhersoldier’suniformandtravelledaroundthecountrytellingofherlifeasyoung,bravesoldier,RobertShurtliff.26.A.busy B.weak C.surprised D.strong27.A.gotup B.lostheart C.passedaway D.gotlost28.A.whisper B.cry C.shout D.laugh29.A.accept B.kill C.support D.save30.A.soldier B.mother C.woman D.father31.A.Though B.But C.Or D.However32.A.died B.talked C.heard D.dreamed33.A.When B.While C.Until D.Since34.A.worked B.dressed C.acted D.lived35.A.arm B.hand C.leg D.stomach36.A.hospital B.library C.studio D.bedroom37.A.she B.he C.it D.they38.A.appearance B.ability C.beauty D.secret39.A.failed B.continued C.agreed D.planned40.A.home B.fashion C.peace D.adventurePassage4(2019·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Attheageof16,Einsteinfailedinseveralexamsbecauseheoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.Oneweekendmorning,Einsteincarriedafishingnetandpreparedtogofishingwiththose____41____,hisfatherstoppedhimandsaidtohimcalmly,”Einstein,youwerespendingtoomuchtime___42___,soyoufailedintheexams.I’m___43___aboutyourfuturewithyourmother.”“Whatareyouworryingabout?JackandRobertalso___44___,buttheywentfishingasusual.”“Myboy,youcan’tthinkso,”LookingatEinstein,hisfathersaidlovingly,“Thereisa__45__inourhometown.Ihopeyoucanlistentoitcarefully.”“Thereweretwocatsplayingontheroof.___46___,theyfellintothechimney(烟囱).Whentheyclimbedoutofthechimney,onecat’sfacewasdirty___47___theother’sfacewasclean.Seeingthedirtyfacedcat,thecleanfacedonethoughtitsownfacewasalsodirty,soitquicklyrantotheriversideandwashedits___48___.Thedirtyfacedcatsawthecleanfacedone,thinkingitsownfacewascleanaswell,soitwalkedhappilyinthestreet.”“Einstein,___49___canbeyourmirror(镜子).Onlyyouareyourownmirror.Someofthekidsarenotstrictwiththemselves.Ifyoutakethemtobeyourmirror,evena___50___personmaybeestupid.”Hearingthis,Einsteinwasashamedandlaydownhisfishingrodandreturnedtohissmallroom.Sincethen,Einstein’sfaceturnedred.Heputdownhisfishingnetandreturnedtohissmallroom.Afterthat,Einsteinoftentookhimselfasamirrortobe___51___withhimselfandkepttellinghimself.“Iamspecial,soIneedn’tbeasmonasothers.”ThiswaswhyEinstein___52___inhiscareer.1,000peoplehave1,000kindsofwishesinlife.Differentwisheswillproducedifferent___53___aboutlife.Youcanlearnfromotherpeople,butyoucan___54___followotherspletely.Youmustseeyourselfclearly,andknowwhatyouwanttoget.Yourfuturedoesn’t____55____howothersact,butonwhatyouaregoingtoact.41.A.adults B.kids C.teachers D.artists42.A.playing B.working C.reading D.studying43.A.excited B.curious C.worried D.crazy44.A.checked B.passed C.dreamed D.failed45.A.song B.story C.speech D.saying46.A.Luckily B.Hopefully C.Suddenly D.Naturally47.A.while B.or C.so D.for48.A.mouth B.tail C.nose D.face49.A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody50.A.poor B.rich C.lazy D.clever51.A.tired B.angry C.strict D.satisfied52.A.regretted B.graduated C.succeeded D.survived53.A.ideas B.reasons C.mistakes D.secrets54.A.sometimes B.often C.always D.never55.A.tryon B.dependon C.liveon D.insistonPassage5(2021·陕西陇县·二模)ZhugeLiangwasawisemaninthelateEasternHanDynasty.ItwassaidthatLiuBeicouldunify(统一)thecountryonlywiththehelpofZhugeLiang,___56___hewenttohishousewithGuanYuandZhangFei.ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.Theyhadto___57___.___58___asnowyday,theycametoZhugeLiang’shouseagain.LiuBeisawayoungman___59___.HemadeabowtotheyoungmanandaskedifhewasZhugeLiang.“Youhavethe___60___person,”theyoungmansaid.“I’mZhugeLiang’sbrother.Hewenttoafriend’shome.”Again,theydidn’tseeZhugeLiang.Thenanewyearcame.LiuBei,GuanYuandZhangFeicametoZhugeLiangshousefora___61___time.Thistime,ZhugeLiangwasathome,buthewassleeping.TheywaiteduntilZhugeLian___62___.ThewisemanwasdeeplymovedbyLiuBei’s___63___.Theytalkedaboutthesituationofthecountry.LiuBeiaskedZhugeLiang___64___hismilitaryadviser(军师)andZhugeLianghelpedLiuBeibuilduphiskingdom.LiuBeisaidtoGuanYuandZhangFei,“ZhugeLiangtome___65___watertofish!”ZhugeLianghelpedLiuBeiuntilhisdeath.56.A.so B.but C.or D.because57.A.goout B.goback C.wentback D.goin58.A.In B.On C.At D.By59.A.reading B.read C.isreading D.reads60.A.right B.wise C.wrong D.young61.A.third B.second C.fourth D.fifth62.A.wakeup B.wokeup C.awake D.getup63.A.visit B.patience C.try D.words64.A.toprotect B.tochange C.tobe D.tohelp65.A.like B.lookslike C.likes D.islikePassage6(2021·山东岱岳·二模)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DuringtheJinDynasty(265—420),therewasachildnamedCheYin.Hewassmartandlovedtoread.Hegrewupinapoorfamilyandcouldn’t____66____lamp(灯)oiltostudyatnight.Onenight,hesawfireflies(萤火虫)outsidehishouseand____67____upwithanidea.Hecaughtsomefirefliesinaclothbagandhungthebagup____68____alamp.Itwassaidthathespentallofhissummernightsreadinglikethis.AnotherchildnamedSunKang____69____livedduringthesametimeperiodalsolovedreading.Onewinternight,Sun_____70_____allofhislampoilandcouldn’tstudyatnight.Whenhesuddenlywokeupatmidnight,hesawthethicksnowreflectingthemoonlightoutsidehishouse.Hisfirst____71____was“Oh,Icanusethereflected____72____toread!”Hetookouthisbooksandread,____73____hefeltcoldverymuch.____74____kidslaterbecamesuccessfulgovernmentofficials.Peopleweretouchedbytheir____75____spiritandthat’showtheChineseidiom(成语)“nangyingyingxue(囊萤映雪)”camefrom.66.A.spend B.afford C.take67.A.came B.put C.caught68.A.as B.like C.to69.A.which B.what C.who70.A.gaveaway B.usedup C.ranout71.A.work B.suggestion C.idea72.A.snow B.light C.sunshine73.A.eventhough B.sothat C.unless74.A.All B.Both C.Every75.A.hardworking B.honest C.kindPassage7(2021·湖北·模拟预测)Earlyinthe16thcentury,itwasdifficultforpeopletolivewithoutenoughfood.Solotsofpeopletriedhard____76____Asiatogainwealth.InordertofindAsia,theyhadtofindawaytopassSouthAfricabasedon___77___theyhadknownaboutalltheroutes.Theman____78____finallyfoundthewayfromtheAtlanticOceantothePacificwasFerdinandMagellan.MagellansailedfromSevilleinAugust,1519,

____79____fiveshipsandabout280men.Fourteenmonthslater,after____80____thecoldwinteronthecoastofPatagonia,hediscoveredthechannel(海峡)whichisnowcalledMagellanStraits.InNovember,1520,aftermanymonthsof____81____fromrocksandstorms,thethreeremainingshipsseemedtoeclosetothesuccess.TheysailedintotheoceanfromtheothersideofSouthAmerica___82___.Theythen____83____,hopingtoreachAsia.Buttheycouldn'tseeanyland____84____theyreachedtheislandsoffthecoastofAsia.What'sworse,beforetheyarrivedat____85____islands,whichwaslaterknownasPhilippines,mostofthemhadalreadydiedofstarvation.WhiletheywerestayinginthePhilippines,Magellan____86____inabattle.TheremainingofficersthenhadtogetbacktoSpain.TheydecidedtosailaroundAfrica.After_____87_____difficulties,oneshipwitheighteenmensailedintoSevillethreeyearsafterleaving.TheywereallthatremainedofMagellan'sexpedition(探险队),whichwasoneof_____88_____expeditionsintheworld.TheadventureofMagellan'sexpeditiontoldusthatwhenfacingdifficulties,we_____89_____notgiveupeasily.Instead,weneedtobeconfidentof_____90_____andtriedourbesttofightagainstthem.76.A.reach B.reached C.toreach D.reaches77.A.how B.what C.where D.which78.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which79.A.for B.with C.without D.by80.A.spend B.spending C.spent D.tospend81.A.dangers B.dangerous C.dangerously D.danger82.A.success B.successful C.successfully D.succeed83.A.continues B.wascontinuing C.continued D.hascontinued84.A.while B.after C.since D.until85.A.a B.an C.the D./86.A.killed B.waskilled C.killing D.hadkilled87.A.many B.any C.few D.little88.A.great B.thegreatest C.greater D.mostgreatest89.A.would B.should C.might D.need90.A.our B.us C.ourselves D.wePassage8(2019·内蒙古·翁牛特旗乌丹第一中学一模)通读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。请将正确答案序号按要求涂在答题卡指定的位置上。MulanCiisafamousChineseancientpoem.IttellsastoryofagirlnamedHuaMulaninNorthernWeiDynasty.Mulan’scountrywasn’tso___91___thatitwasdestroyedbytheenemiesattimes.Toprotectthecountry,theemperorrequiredonemanfromeachfamily___92___thearmy.Theonlymaninherfamily,her60yearoldfatherhadtojoin.Mulandecidedtotaketheplaceofhim.Atthattime,womenwerenot___93___toenlist(入伍).Inordernottobeseenthrough,shedressedherselfup___94___aman.Inthearmy,Mulanactedjustlikeaman.Shespokeinaman’s___95___,walkedwithbigsteps.Duringthebattles,shewasas___96___asaman.Also,shewasverysmart.Shealwayshadgood___97___thathelpedbeattheirenemies.Atlast,HuaMulan’sarmywonthe___98___victory(胜利).TheemperorofferedMulanahighofficialpositionto___99___hercourageandachievement,butsherefused.Whenshechangedbacktoherwomen’sclothes,allherrades(战友)were____100____shocked.Mulan’sstorymightbealegend(传说;传奇).Butherachievementiswellworthlearning.91.A.weak B.strong C.weakly D.strongly92.A.takepartin B.joinning C.tojoin D.totakepartin93.A.allowed B.allow C.toallow D.allowing94.A.as B.for C.with D.about95.A.sound B.voice C.shout D.noise96.A.scared B.nervous C.lazy D.brave97.A.news B.information C.thoughts D.knowledge98.A.finally B.final C.begin D.beginning99.A.remember B.serve C.support D.praise100.A.recent B.recently C.great D.greatly参考答案:1.A2.D3.D4.C5.B6.A7.B8.B9.A10.D11.B12.C13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了马克思因为英语比较薄弱而努力学习英语的故事,并把他学习语言的经验写在了书里,他获得了博士学位后,他开始写有关穷人居住和艰难生活的文章,无论他做什么,他都会尽自己最大的努力。1.句意:当他还是个孩子的时候,他被迫一次又一次地离开他的国家。When当……时;Before在……之前;After在……之后;While当……时。根据“hewasachild,hewasforcedtoleavehiscountryagainandagain”可知,在孩子时不断离开国家,force是短暂性动词,用when引导的时间状语从句,故选A。2.句意:他住在比利时、英国和其他一些国家。farms农场;factories工厂;schools学校;countries国家。根据“Belgium,England”可知,还住在一些其他的国家,故选D。3.句意:在学校他学了法语和英语。haslearned现在完成时;waslearning过去进行时;learns一般现在时;learned动词过去式。根据“was”及“felt”可知,句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选D。4.句意:所以他下定决心提高英语。hasmade现在完成时;makes一般现在时;made动词过去式;wasmaking过去进行时。整段用的都是一般过去时,故此空动词也用过去式,故选C。5.句意:他开始努力工作。on在……上;at在;in在……里;for为了。固定搭配:workhardat“努力从事于”,故选B。6.句意:他进步很大,很快就能读英文报纸和写英文文章了。that以至于;what什么;when何时;how怎样。固定搭配:so…that表示“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句,故选A。7.句意:然而,他认为有两件事对他来说太难了——语法和一些习语。one一;two二;three三;four四。根据“thegrammarandsomeoftheidioms”可知,是有两件困难的事,故选B。8.句意:如果我继续努力,我会取得更大的进步。But但是;If如果;And和;As由于。“Ikeepontrying”与“I’llmakeevengreaterprogress”是条件关系,用if引导条件状语从句,故选B。9.句意:同时,他的好朋友Engels经常写信赞扬他努力学习英语。praise表扬;ask询问;help帮助;call打。根据“forhishardworkinlearningEnglish”可知,因为他努力学习英语而表扬他,故选A。10.句意:在Marx的一本书中,他对正在学习外语的人提出了一些如何学好外语的建议。examples例子;meanings意思;money钱;advice建议。根据“onhowtolearnitwell”可知,是给了一些如何学好外语的建议,故选D。11.句意:他说一门外语对于一个人有一个更好的未来是必要的。good好的;better更好;well好地;worse更差。根据“aforeignlanguagewasnecessaryforapersontohavea…future”可知,这有利于一个人有一个更好的未来,故选B。12.句意:如果他能做到这一点,他就有可能自由地使用这种语言。probably可能地;impossible不可能的;possible可能的;perhaps或许。be动词后接形容词作表语,排除A选项。如何能把听到的每个单词都翻译成自己正在学的语言,那自由地使用这种语言是很有可能的,故选C。13.句意:1841年4月,他获得了博士学位。gets得到;receives收到,动词三单形式;hasreceived收到,现在完成时;received收到,动词过去式。时间状语“InApril,1841”是一般过去时的标志词,动词用过去式,故选D。14.句意:无论他做什么,他都尽力了。Whoever无论谁;Whenever无论何时;Whatever无论什么;However无论怎样。此空要做动词tried的宾语,用whatever表示“无论做了什么”,故选C。15.句意:他们的这些话变得非常有名。humorous幽默的;understanding有理解力的;similar相似的;famous出名的。根据“Thesewordsoftheirsbecamevery”及常识可知,马克思和恩格斯之前说的一些话在如今变得很出名,故选D。16.B17.C18.B19.C20.C21.A22.B23.B24.B25.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国伟大的思想家和教育家孔子。孔子三岁丧父,在妈妈的支持和鼓励下,他勤奋好学,吸收众家之长,努力建设一个和谐、人文的伟大社会。其教学法和思想对中国,韩国,日本和越南的思想和生活影响很深。16.句意:他的教法和哲理深刻影响了中国、韩国、日本和越南的思想和生活。deep深地,指具体情况;deeply深地,指抽象概念;wide宽的。根据“influencedChinese…thoughtandlife.”因此可知这是抽象的影响。故选B。17.句意:孔子的思想已经发展成了一个著名的儒家哲学体系。develop形成,一般现在时;developed形成,过去式或过去分词;beendeveloped被形成,被动形式。根据“Confucius'thoughtshave...intoasystemofphilosophy”空格前面的词语是have,所以要用过去分词来构成现在完成时。故选C。18.句意:孔子的思想已经发展成了一个著名的儒家哲学体系。know知道,一般现在时;known知道,过去分词;beknown被知道,被动形式。根据“asConfucianism(儒家)”以及整句的含义,可知此空考查knownas,过去分词短语作后置定语,意思是“作为…而闻名”。故选B。19.句意:它被意大利传教士利玛窦介绍到欧洲。introduced介绍,一般过去时;isintroduced被介绍,一般现在时的被动语态;wasintroduced被介绍,一般过去时的被动语态。根据“It…theItalianJesuitMatteoRicci”空格后面的词语是by,因此可知这句话要用被动语态来填空;又因为利玛窦介绍孔子的思想是过去的情况,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。20.句意:孔子的正式名字叫孔丘,他也被叫作仲尼。call叫,一般现在时;name命名;called叫,过去分词。根据空格前面用了hewas,谓语和宾语构成动宾关系,所以是被动态,空格处要用过去分词来填空。故选C。21.句意:他父亲是一个著名的武士,他在两次战役中战功卓著,并获得了封地。who谁,指人;that那个,指人或指物;which哪个,指物。根据先行词是“warrior”并且引导词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who来引导定语从句。故选A。22.句意:但是孔子在他三岁的时候失去了父亲,自从童年时代就和妈妈一起过着艰苦的生活。lose失去,一般现在时;lost失去,一般过去时;waslost被失去,一般过去时的被动语态。根据“sohelivedhardwithhismothersincehischildhood”在孔子小时候开始,他和他妈妈一起生活,可知要用一般过去时来填空。故选B。23.句意:在妈妈的支持和鼓励下,孔子勤奋学习。Under在…下面;with和;to到。Withthesupportandencouragementof…的含义为“在……的支持和鼓励下”,固定搭配。故选B。24.句意:尽管他有个温柔贤惠的爱他的妻子,但是他仍然离开家去追求他的理想。But但是;Though尽管;Because因为。根据“hehadamildwifewholovedhim,”以及“hestilllefthisfamilyandstrivedforhisideals”,前后两句有让步关系。故选B。25.句意:孔子想接受华夏民族的美德和西周的经典特性,建设一个和谐、人文的伟大社会。build建设,一般现在时;building动名词或现在分词;setup建起。根据空格前面的词语是介词for,所以要用动名词来填空。故选B。【点睛】26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.C36.A37.A38.D39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文讲述了黛博拉·桑普森一个女人喜欢冒险,于是她装扮成男人参军的的故事。26.句意:他太虚弱了,不能说话或走动。busy忙的,weak虚弱的,surprised惊讶的,strong强壮的。根据前文laydyinginahospitalbed可知他非常“虚弱的”,故选B。27.句意:“我想这个年轻人已经去世了,”一个人说。gotup起床,lostheart失去信心,passedaway去世,gotlost丢失。根据前文他太虚弱而不能说话也不能走动,所以别人认为他已经死了,故选C。28.句意:罗伯特用尽全力低声说:“我……我还活着。”whisper低声说,cry大声哭喊,shout大喊,大叫,laugh大笑。根据语境,他非常虚弱,所以只能“低声说”,故选A。29.句意:“我们可以救他,”他一边检查那个年轻士兵一边说,“哦,天哪!他是个女人!”accept接受,kill杀掉,support支持。save挽救,节约。医生跑过来为他检查,所以可以推测医生想“挽救他”,故选D。30.句意:参考第4小题。soldier士兵,mother妈妈,woman女人,father爸爸。根据后文whowasshe?可知这个年轻士兵是个女人,故选C。31.句意:但她是谁?though虽然,but但是表示转折;or或者,否则;however然而;后面需要用逗号隔开。根据语境,我们现在只知道她是个女的,是黛博拉·桑普森,但是她到底是个什么人我们仍然不知道,所以这里表示转折,故选B。32.句意:她梦想着去冒险。died死;talked谈话,heard听到,dreamed梦想。根据句意及句子中的of,可知表示梦想dreamof….,故选D。33.句意:1775年革命战争爆发时,妇女不被允许参军。when当…时候,while当…时候,后面一般跟延续性动词;until直到;since自从。根据句意,这里表示“当战争爆发的时候”,且brokeout是短暂性动词,故选A。34.句意:黛博拉却穿得像个勇士,成为一个战士。work工作,dress打扮,穿衣服,act扮演,live生活,居住。结合句意及句子中的as可知,用到短语dresssbas把某人装扮成….,故选B。35.句意:一天,在一次袭击中,黛博拉的脖子和腿中弹。arm胳膊,hand手,leg腿,stomach胃部。根据后文Shewasafraidthatifthedoctorexaminedherleg,可知她的腿受了伤,故选C。36.句意:另一个士兵把黛博拉抬进马车里,带她去了医院。hospital医院;library图书馆;studio工作室;bedroom卧室。根据后文Adoctortreatedthewoundonherback可推测,另一个士兵带她去了医院,故选A。37.句意:一位医生治疗了她背部的伤口,并询问她是否还有其他受伤。根据语境,医生在问黛博拉是否有其它地方受伤,所以这里代词用来替代黛博拉,故选A。38.句意:她担心如果医生检查她的腿,他会发现她的秘密。appearance表面,ability能力,beauty美丽,secret秘密。根据上下文,她不让医生检查她的腿是因为害怕医生看出她是个女人,所以这是一个秘密,故选D。39.句意:她继续以士兵的身份战斗。A.失败,B.继续,C.同意,D.计划。根据句意,他受伤自己取出子弹之后继续奋斗,故选B。40.句意:但她仍然渴望冒险。A.家,B.时尚,C.和平,D.冒险;根据后文Sosheputonhersoldier’suniformandtravelledaroundthecountry他她穿上士兵的制服,周游全国,可知她仍然渴望冒险,故选D。【点睛】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了黛博拉·桑普森一个女人喜欢冒险,于是她装扮成男人参军的的故事,章内容比较易于理解。完形填空属于综合运用题,主要考察学生在具体语境中对语言的运用,做题时既需要对文章的理解,又需要一定的辨析推测能力。做题时应先通读全文,再根据对四个选项的辨析,推测出正确答案,同时注意空前后的搭配。按照由易到难的顺序做完后,要再读一遍短文进行检查。例如第1小题,此题考察对形容词的辨析,根据前文

laydyinginahospitalbed再结合四个选项可知,只有weak最符合语境,故选B。41.B42.A43.C44.D45.B46.C47.A48.D49.B50.D51.C52.C53.A54.D55.B【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文讲述了贪玩的少年爱因斯坦,听了爸爸讲的两只掉进烟囱的猫的故事后,把自己当作一面镜子,严格要求自己,最终走向事业成功的故事,启发我们,不同的愿望会产生不同的人生观,自己的未来并不取决于别人怎么做,而是取决于自己打算怎么做。41.句意:一个周末的早晨,爱因斯坦拿着一个渔网,准备和那些孩子一起去钓鱼。考查名词辨析。A.成人;B.小孩;C.教师;D.艺术家。根据上文heoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.可知选B。42.句意:你花了太多的时间玩,所以你考试不及格。考查动词辨析。A.玩耍;B.工作;C.阅读;D.学习。根据开头Attheageof16,Einsteinfailedinseveralexamsbecauseheoftenplayedwithsomebadkids.可知选A。43.句意:我和你妈妈很担心你的未来。考查形容词辨析。A.兴奋的;B.好奇的;C.担心的;D.疯狂的。根据上文youwerespendingtoomuchtimeplaying,soyoufailedintheexams.可知爸爸妈妈很担心他,worryabout符合句意,故选C。44.句意:杰克和罗伯特也不及格,但他们像往常一样去钓鱼了。考查动词辨析。A.检查;B.通过;C.梦想;D.失败。also也,根据句意语境,可知杰克和罗伯特也没考及格,ABC三项意思都不合句意,故选D。45.句意:在我们家乡有一个故事。考查名词辨析。A.歌曲;B.故事;C.演讲;D.谚语。根据下文两只猫的故事,可知story符合句意,故选B。46.句意:突然,他们掉进了烟囱。考查副词辨析。A.幸运的是;B.希望;C.突然;D.自然地。根据theyfellintothechimney可知ABD三项意思都不合句意,故知选C。47.句意:当他们从烟囱里爬出来时,一只猫的脸是脏的,而另一只猫的脸是干净的。考查连词辨析。A.而,表对比,连接并列结构;B.或者,表选择;C.所以,表结果;D.因为,表原因。本句对两只猫进行对比,根据句意结构和语境,可知选A。48.句意:看到这只脏脸的猫,干净的那只以为自己的脸也脏了,所以它很快跑到河边洗了脸。考查名词辨析。A.嘴巴;B.尾巴;C.鼻子;D.脸。so所以,引导结果状语从句;根据上文Seeingthedirtyfacedcat,thecleanfacedonethoughtitsownfacewasalsodirty,可知干净的那只猫以为自己的脸也脏了就很快跑到河边去洗脸,故选D。49.句意:爱因斯坦,没有人能成为你的镜子。考查不定代词辨析。nobody没有人,表否定;anybody任何人,用于否定句、疑问句;somebody某人,表示不确定;everybody每个人。根据下文Onlyyouareyourownmirror.可知没有人能成为你的镜子,故选B。50.句意:如果你把他们当成你的镜子,即使聪明的人也会变得愚蠢。考查形容词辨析。A.贫穷的;B.富有的;C.懒惰的;D.聪明的。even甚至,表让步;根据evenacleverpersonmaybee可知会变得愚蠢,故选D。51.句意:从那以后,爱因斯坦经常把自己当作一面镜子,严格要求自己。考查形容词辨析。A.疲倦的;B.愤怒的;C.严格的;D.满意的。bestrictwith对某人严格要求;根据句意语境,可知ABD三项意思都不合句意,故选C。52.句意:这就是爱因斯坦事业成功的原因。考查动词辨析。A.遗憾;B.毕业;C.成功;D.幸存。inhiscareer在事业上,根据Einsteinoftentookhimselfasamirrortobestrictwithhimself可知这是他事业成功的原因,故选C。53.句意:不同的愿望会产生不同的人生观。考查名词辨析。A.想法;B.原因;C.错误;D.秘密。aboutlife关于人生的;根据句意语境,可知ideas符合句意,故选A。54.句意:你可以向别人学习,但你永远不能完全跟随别人。考查副词辨析。A.有时;B.经常;C.总是;D.从不,表否定。but但是,表转折;根据followotherspletely可知不能完全跟随别人,never符合句意,故选D。55.句意:你的未来并不取决于别人怎么做,而是取决于你打算怎么做。考查动短语词辨析。A.试穿;B.依赖,取决于;C.靠…过活;D.坚持。根据butonwhatyouaregoingtoact.可知dependon符合句意,故选B。【点睛】完形填空。完形填空集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体,考查语言的综合运用能力,是难度最大的题目。解题的方法要带着空,通读文章,搞清事件发生的背景;再读全文,搞清短文内容;最后根据句意,联系上下文确定每个空的正确答案。它的主要题型有(1)考查词义辨析:名词辨析,形容词副词辨析,冠词辨析,介词连词辨析等;(2)考查句子时态,语态,要根据语境,选择正确的时态和语态的选项;(3)考查从句(宾语从句,定语从句,主语从句等);(4)根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析,做此类型题时,要知道每一个词的意义,然后结合上下文背景语境,选择适合语境的选项。56.A57.B58.B59.A60.C61.A62.B63.B64.C65.D【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了刘备三顾茅庐请“诸葛亮”出山的故事。56.句意:据说,刘备只有在诸葛亮的帮助下才能统一国家。因此,刘备带着关羽、张飞去到他的家中。so因此;but但是;or或者;because因为。空前空后是因果关系,属于前因后果,所以空处用so连接。故选A。57.句意:他们不得不回去。goout出去;goback回去;wentback是goback的过去式;goin参加。havetodosth“不得不做某事”,空处用动词原形;根据“ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.”可知,诸葛亮不在家,所以他们得回去。故选B。58.句意:一个下雪天,他们又来到了诸葛亮家In后跟年、月、季节等时间;On后跟具体的某一天的时间;At后跟时刻钟;By通过。“asnowyday”是具体的某一天,用介词on。故选B。59.句意:刘备看见一个年轻人在看书。reading读,动名词或现在分词;read读,动词原形;isreading正在读,现在进行时;reads读,动词三单形式。seesbdoingsth“看见某人正在做某事”,空处强调的是正在进行的动作,所以用现在分词。故选A。60.句意:“你们认错人了,”年轻人说。right争取的;wise明智的;wrong错误的;young年轻的。根据“I’mZhugeLiang’sbrother”可知,这位年轻人是说“认错人了”。故选C。61.句意:刘备、关羽、张飞第三次来到诸葛亮家。third第三;second第二;fourth第四;fifth第五。根据上文“hewenttohishousewithGuanYuandZhangFei.ButZhugeLiangwasnotathome.”和“asnowyday,theycametoZhugeLiang’shouseagain”可知,他们已经去过诸葛亮家两次了,所以这应是第三次。故选A。62.句意:他们一直等到诸葛亮醒来。wakeup醒来,动词原形;wokeup醒来,动词过去式;awake醒着的;getup起床。根据“buthewassleeping”可知,此处指“他们等诸葛亮醒来”,讲的是过去的事情,所以此处用动词的过去式。故选B。63.句意:刘备的耐心深深打动了智者。visi拜访;patience耐心;try尝试;words言语。由上文可知,刘备登门三次来请诸葛亮,而且等候诸葛亮醒来,由此可见,他是很有耐心的,故选B。64.句意:刘备请诸葛亮做他的军师,诸葛亮帮助刘备建立了他的王国。toprotect保护;tochange改变;tobe成为;tohelp帮助。根据“LiuBeiaskedZhugeLiang...hismilitaryadviser”可知,刘备请诸葛亮做他的军师,故选C。65.句意:我对诸葛亮来说就像水对鱼一样!like喜欢;lookslike看起来像;likes喜欢,动词三单形式;islike像。本句考查固定句型AtoBislikeCtoD“A对B来说就像C对D一样”,固定用法。故选D。66.B67.A68.A69.C70.B71.C72.B73.A74.B75.A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了古代两个勤奋读书的人的故事。66.句意:他在一个贫穷的家庭长大,买不起灯油在晚上学习。spend花费;afford负担得起;take花费。根据“Hegrewupinapoorfamily”可知,家里太穷买不起灯油,故选B。67.句意:一天晚上,他看到屋外有萤火虫,于是有了一个主意。came来;put放;caught抓住。固定搭配:eupwith“提出,想出”,故选A。68.句意:他在布袋里捉了几只萤火虫,把布袋挂起来当灯。as作为;like像;to到。根据“hungthebagup…alamp”可知,把装有萤火虫的布袋作为灯笼一样挂起来,故选A。69.句意:另一个名叫孙康的孩子生活在同一时期,也喜欢阅读。which定语从句中先行词指物;what不能引导定语从句;who定语从句中先行词指人。此句是定语从句,先行词SunKang指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who,故选C。70.句意:一个冬天的晚上,孙康用光了所有的灯油,不能在晚上学习了。gaveaway赠送;usedup用完;ranout耗尽。根据“couldn’tstudyatnight”可知,用光了灯油所以不能在晚上学习,runout是不及物动词短语,后面不能直接接宾语,故选B。71.句意:他的第一个主意就是……。work工作;suggestion建议;idea主意。因为看到灯光反射出来的亮光有了主意,故选C。72.句意:哦,我可以用反射的光来阅读。snow雪;light光;sunshine太阳。根据“hesawthethicksnowreflectingthemoonlightoutsidehishouse”可知,利用雪地里反射的光阅读,故选B。73.句意:他拿出书读了起来,尽管他觉得很冷。eventhough尽管;sothat以便于;unless除非。“Hetookouthisbooksandread”与“hefeltcoldverymuch”是让步关系,用eventhough引导让步状语从句,故选A。74.句意:两个孩子后来都成为了成功的政府官员。All都(三者或三者以上);Both都(两者之间);Every每个。根据“therewasachil

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