《本科英语》课件-Unit 4 Language points

大学英语（本科）CollegeEnglish(forundergraduate)LanguagepointsinUnit4WhatistheAmericanDreamDefinition:TheAmericandreamisthebeliefthatanyone,regardlessofwheretheywerebornorwhatclasstheywereborninto,canattaintheirownversionofsuccessinasocietyinwhichupwardmobilityispossibleforeveryone.TheAmericandreamisbelievedtobeachievedthroughsacrifice,risk-taking,andhardwork,ratherthanbychance.Theterm"Americandream"camefromabest-sellingbookin1931titledEpicofAmerica.JamesTruslowAdamsdescribeditas"thatdreamofalandinwhichlifeshouldbebetterandricherandfullerforeveryone,withopportunityforeachaccordingtoabilityorachievement."WhatAreExamplesoftheAmericanDream?owningyourownhouse,startingafamilyhavingastablejobowningyourownbusiness.ConsTherealityoftheAmericandreamoftenfallsshortoftheideaitself.Asincomeinequalityhasincreased,theAmericandreamhasseemedlessattainable.ProsTheAmericandreampromisesfreedomandequality.TheidealsoftheAmericandreamaremotivating,includingthefreedomtobeinchargeofone'sownlife.WhataretheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheAmericanDream?WhatIstheAmericanDreaminDr.MartinLutherKing'sSpeech?IhaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreedanationofimmigrantsWhatistheAmericanDreamDefinition:TheAmericandreamisthebeliefthatanyone,regardlessofwheretheywerebornorwhatclasstheywereborninto,canattaintheirownversionofsuccessinasocietyinwhichupwardmobilityispossibleforeveryone.TheAmericandreamisbelievedtobeachievedthroughsacrifice,risk-taking,andhardwork,ratherthanbychance.Theterm"Americandream"camefromabest-sellingbookin1931titledEpicofAmerica.JamesTruslowAdamsdescribeditas"thatdreamofalandinwhichlifeshouldbebetterandricherandfullerforeveryone,withopportunityforeachaccordingtoabilityorachievement."WhatAreExamplesoftheAmericanDream?owningyourownhouse,startingafamilyhavingastablejobowningyourownbusiness.ConsTherealityoftheAmericandreamoftenfallsshortoftheideaitself.Asincomeinequalityhasincreased,theAmericandreamhasseemedlessattainable.ProsTheAmericandreampromisesfreedomandequality.TheidealsoftheAmericandreamaremotivating,includingthefreedomtobeinchargeofone'sownlife.WhataretheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheAmericanDream?WhatIstheAmericanDreaminDr.MartinLutherKing'sSpeech?IhaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreedanationofimmigrantsWithHisOwnTwoHandsWhenAlfredoisachild,hisfamilyispoor,butwithadeterminedandbraveheart,heisnotwillingtobepoorandyieldtothefate.Withtheindustriousandenterprisingspirits,hestudiedallthewayandclimbedalltheway.Finally,withhisowntwohandsheexcelsintheacademicfield-asatopbrainsurgeon.PartDivisionoftheText

PartsPara(s)MainIdeas11-9Alfredo’sfamilybackgroundandthereasonwhyhewenttoAmericanasanillegalimmigrant.210-17AlfredomakeseveryefforttostudywhileworkinginAmericaandfinallybecomesabrainsurgeon.318-22Alfredobecomesabrainsurgeon,sotalentedandconscientiousthathiscolleaguesareimpressed.Para1-2Alfredocrossestheborderandworksinthefarm,wherehedoesthejobfewAmericanswoulddoforjust$155.

reverseorder:toarousethereader'sinterestinthepassagesothattheycouldreadontoexplorethestory.WhydoesAlfredoworktheresohardasanillegalimmigrants?Howdoeshebecomeatopbrainsurgeonfromafieldworker?

1.“Myfatherkepttellingme‘Youwanttobelikeme?Justnevergotoschool’AndIwasnotgoingtofollowthesamepath.”hewantstochangehisfatebygoingtoschool.

2."sometimesyouhavetobewillingtorisk."hewantstofindaplacebetterforhisstudy.3.“Theyjustignitedmyfireevenmore.”attendingnightschoolbeginningfull-timestudies,graduatingwithanassociate’sdegreegraduatingfromHarvardMedicalSchool.4.“Ifeltwhatmyfatherfelt,notbeingabletoputfoodonthetableformyfamily.ButIhadadream.”Atanytimeheremainstruetohisoriginalaspiration.Hisdreaminspireshimtogoon.“Onehopeisthatwecanmakebraincancerabitmorechronic,likediabetes,insteadofadevastatinglethaldisease.”Heissodedicatedtohismedicalcareer,becausehewantsmakegreatbreakthroughsinbraincancersoastochangemorepatients’fateandmakethemliveahappierlife.Alfredo’sstorytellsusnoonecanchoosetheirownstartingpoint,theonlythingwecangraspisthelocationofthedestination.inspiration:putupwith:忍受；容忍Foryearstheworkershavehadtoputupwithlowwagesandterribleworkingconditions.多年来工人们不得不忍受低工资和恶劣的工作环境。Marycouldnolongerputupwithherhusband’sviolenttemper.insearchof:寻找他进厨房找些吃的东西。Manyofitsbest-educatedresidentshavebeendriventoneighboringcountiesinsearchofbetterjobs.Hewentintothekitcheninsearchofsomethingtoeat.vt.

risksth.;

riskdoingsth.(1)

冒着失去……的危险Whenchildrenstartsmoking,theydon’trealizethatthey’reriskingtheirhealth.Heriskedlosinghishousewhenhiscompanywentbankrupt.risk:

(2)vt.冒着......的；We'vebeenadvisednottorisktravellingintheseconditions.(3)vt.冒险做；Theyknewtheyriskedbeingarrested.Ifyoutellhimthetruth,youruntheriskofhurtinghisfeelings.Wemuststoptheserumours;thefirm’sreputationisatrisk.n.riskofsth.Smokingcanincreasetheriskofdevelopingheartdisease.acquire:

vt.

获得；得到togainsomethingbyone’sownability,effortsorbehaviorDuringherfilmcareer,sheacquiredareputationasastrong-willed,outspokenwoman.Researchhelpsusacquirenewinsightintothecausesofdiseases.make(both)endsmeet:使收支相抵;勉强维持生计自从我妈妈被解雇后，我们就很难收支相抵。It’sbeenhardtomakeendsmeetsincemymomwaslaidoff.With

prices

going

up,

I

find

it

hard

to

make

ends

meet.

随着价格上升，我发现很难收支相抵。standachanceof:

有......的希望

我认为我没有希望赢得金牌。Idon’tthinkIstandachanceofwinningagoldmedal.Thevictimwouldhaveachanceofsurvivalifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.prospect:n.

前景；展望；设想Ifeltveryexcitedattheprospectofme