2020新上教版高中英语选择性必修一unit1课文及翻译

2020新上外版选择性必修一课文及翻译Unit1FeelinggoodAReadingandInteractionIschocolatetheanswer?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatmakespeoplehappy?Whyaresomepeopleoncloudninewhileothersarealwaysdowninthedumps?What’sthesecret?Isitpotsofmoney,goodhealth,lovingrelationships,owningthelatestgadgetorsimplychocolate?ThelatestWorldHappinessReportsaysthatprosperityisnotthemainreasonforhappiness.Ifyousufferrealhardship,youareunlikelytobehappy,butonceyourbasicneedsaremet,moneyandmaterialthingsbecomelessofanecessary.Happinessdependsmoreonrecognizingthethingsyouhaveandappreciatingthem,ratherthangettingmorethings.Yes,moneycanbuyyouthelatestsmartphone,tabletorfashionitem,andyoumightgetakickoutofowningthesematerialobjects,butthisenjoymentisusuallyshort-lived.Rememberallthosepresentsyougotforyourbirthdaywhenyouwerelittle?Youwereoverthemoonwhenyouopenedthem,butnotforlong.Amonthlater,theywerelyingabandonedatthebottomofadrawer.Andhaveyouforgottenthosedeliciouschocolatesthatmadeyoufeelreallyhappywhenyouwereeatingthem,butillafteryou’dfinishedthemall?Itseemsthatdeep,long-lastinghappinesscomesfromintangiblethings,ratherthanthingslikechocolatesandsmartphones.Oneessentialfactorishumanrelationships.Peoplewhohavethesupportoffamilymembersandalsohavestrongfriendshipsaremorelikelytobehappy.Feelingprotectedandrespectedandknowingyoucantrustinthepeoplearoundyouisvital.Buthappinessmeansyouhavetogiveandtake.Performingactsofkindnessandgenerosityonaregularbasis,forexample,listeningtoafriendinneedorcarryinganeighbour’sshopping,willmakeyoufeelontopoftheworld.Evenasimplesmilecanworkwonders.Infact,theysaythatonesmilemakesapersonfeelasgoodaseating2,000barsofchocolate(notallatonce,ofcourse!)It’snotsurprisingthathealthisanotherkeycontributortohappiness.Poorhealthwillcertainlymakeyoufeeldowninthemouth.Butbeinghealthyandstayinghealthyrequiresomeeffort.Ahealthydietiscrucialandsoisregularexercise.Lazinesswillnotmakeyouhappy.Exercisingfor20to30minutesadayhelpstoreducestressandanxietyandmakesyoufeelmorepositiveandoptimisticbecauseitreleasesendorphins(feel-goodchemicals).So,ifyou’vebeenfeelingblueandworryingtoomuchaboutyourexams,getexercising.You’llalsofindthatyousleepbetter.Talkingofsleep,doyouoftenwakeupfeelingmiserable?Ifso,it’sprobablybecauseyouhaven’thadenoughofit.Teenagerstendtogotobedtoolateandhavetogetupearly,somanysufferfromalackofsleep.Tirednesswillcertainlyaffectyourhappinesslevelsandputyouinabadmood.Italsoaffectsyourabilitytoconcentrateandmayslowyourgrowth.Soifyouwanttobehappyanddowellatschool,trytogetatleasteighthoursofsleepanight.Nowthatyouknowthetheory,it’stimetoputitallintopractice.Smile,everyone!【参考翻译】巧克力是答案吗?你有没有想过是什么让人们快乐?为什么有些人兴高采烈，而有些人却总是垂头丧气?有什么秘密吗?金钱、健康、爱情、拥有最新的小玩意儿，还是仅仅是巧克力?最新的世界幸福报告称，繁荣并不是幸福的主要原因。如果你遭受了真正的苦难，你不太可能快乐，但一旦你的基本需求得到满足，金钱和物质的必需品就变得不那么必要了。幸福更多地取决于认识到你所拥有的东西并欣赏它们，而不是得到更多的东西。是的，钱可以买到最新的智能手机、平板电脑或时尚物品，你可能会从拥有这些物质物品中得到乐趣，但这种乐趣通常是短暂的。还记得你小时候收到的生日礼物吗?当你打开它们的时候，你欣喜若狂，但没过多久。一个月后，它们被遗弃在一个抽屉的底部。你是否忘记了那些美味的巧克力，当你吃的时候会觉得很开心，但吃完后就会生病?似乎深刻而持久的幸福来自于无形的东西，而不是巧克力和智能手机之类的东西。其中一个重要因素是人际关系。拥有家庭成员支持和深厚友谊的人更有可能快乐。感到受到保护和尊重，知道你可以信任你周围的人是至关重要的。但幸福意味着你必须付出和获得。经常做一些善行和慷慨的事情，比如倾听朋友的需要，帮邻居买东西，会让你感觉十分幸福。即使是一个简单的微笑也能创造奇迹。事实上，他们说一个微笑让人感觉就像吃了2000块巧克力(当然不是一次吃完!)健康是幸福的另一个关键因素，这并不奇怪。身体不好肯定会使你感到沮丧。但是保持健康和保持健康需要一些努力。健康的饮食很重要，定期锻炼也很重要。懒惰不会让你快乐。每天锻炼20到30分钟有助于减少压力和焦虑，让你感觉更积极和乐观，因为它会释放内啡肽(感觉良好的化学物质)。所以，如果你一直感到沮丧，担心考试太多，那就去锻炼吧。你也会发现你睡得更好。说到睡眠，你经常醒来时感到痛苦吗?如果是这样，那可能是因为你还没有睡够。青少年往往睡得太晚，又不得不早起，所以很多人都缺乏睡眠。疲劳肯定会影响你的幸福水平，让你心情不好。它还会影响你的注意力，可能会减缓你的成长。所以，如果你想快乐，在学校表现好，试着每晚至少8小时的睡眠。现在你知道了理论，是时候把它付诸实践了。BGrammaractivity1Readthepassage.Studysentences1-5andcompletegrammarrulesaandb.AhealthymindinahealthybodyGoodmorningandwelcometoTheHealthyOption.Lastweek,wediscussedthelinkbetweenabalanceddietandgoodhealth;thisweekwe’relookingatthelinkbetweenahealthybodyandahealthymind.Morethan2,000yearsagoinancientRome,thepoetJuvenalsaid,“Ahealthybodyproducesahealthymind.”Foryears,peoplehadlinkedthetwo,butitwasonlyinthe1960sthatsolidscientificevidencestartedappearing.Inthedecadesthatfollowed,studyafterstudyconfirmedwhattheancientpoethadalreadyknown:keepingfitreallydoeshelpthebrainworkbetter.Inthe2000s,ateamofmedicalresearchersfoundoutthatstudentswhodidexercisebeforeorduringclassesperformedbetterintheirschoolwork.Theyconductedanexperimentwhereonegroupofstudentsranfor30minutesonatreadmill,whileanothergroupdidn’tdoanythinginparticular.Thestudentswerethengivenaproblem-solvingtask.Thestudentswhohadexerciseddid10%betteratsolvingtheproblemthanthosestudentswhohadn’texercisefor40minuteseachdayinsteadof40minutesaweek,andtheiroverallgradesimprovedby14%.Asaresultofthisresearch,manyschoolsacrosstheUSchangedtheirtimetablesandeventheirclassroomstoallowmoretimeforphysicalactivity.Studentswhohadpreviouslynotbeenphysicallyactiveduringtheschooldaynowhadachancetoexercise.【参考翻译】健康的精神寓于健康的身体早上好，欢迎来到健康选择。上周，我们讨论了均衡饮食和健康之间的联系;本周我们将着眼于健康的身体和健康的思想之间的联系。早在2000多年前的古罗马，诗人尤维纳利斯就说过:“健康的身体孕育健康的心灵。”多年来，人们一直将两者联系在一起，但直到20世纪60年代，才开始出现可靠的科学证据。在接下来的几十年里，一项又一项研究证实了这位古代诗人已经知道的事情:保持健康确实有助于大脑更好地工作。2000年代，一组医学研究人员发现，在课前或课间锻炼的学生在学业上表现得更好。他们进行了一项实验，一组学生在跑步机上跑了30分钟，而另一组学生什么都不做。然后，学生们被分配了一个解决问题的任务。与每周锻炼40分钟而不是每天锻炼40分钟的学生相比，每天锻炼40分钟的学生解决问题的能力提高了10%，他们的总体成绩提高了14%。这项研究的结果是，美国许多学校改变了他们的时间表，甚至教室，让更多的时间进行体育活动。以前在学校里不锻炼身体的学生现在有机会锻炼了。EculturalfocusFatAmericaAmericaisgettingfatter.Backinthe1970s,only10%ofteenswereoverweight,buttoday,oneinthreeteenagers(ormorethan25million)areoverweightorobese.Let’stakealookatthereasonswhy.CarcultureInthe1940s,thepopulationinsidecitiesgrewrapidlyandAmericanfamiliesstartedtomoveintothesuburbs.Today,morethan50%ofAmericanteenagerslivethere.Inthesuburbs,housesarebigger,gardensarebigger,andteenagersarebiggertoo.It’seasytoseewhy—theygoeverywhereincars.Suburbsarealongwayfromshoppingcentres,schoolsandfriends’houses.Theyoftenhavenosidewalks,makingit23timesmoredangeroustowalkorcyclethantodrive.Asaresult,familiesspendanaverageoftwohoursadayintheircars.And,whentheyreachtheirdestination,drive-throughsupermarkets,restaurantsandbankskeepthemcomfortablyintheirseats.“Screenagers”AtypicalAmericanfamilyhasthreeTVsandtheaverageteenager,or“screenager”,watches22hoursoftelevisioneveryweek.Bythetimetheyleavehighschool,mostteenagerswillhavespentmoretimeinfrontofaTVthanintheclassroom.Butit’snotjustTVthatmakeskidsextremelyinactive.TheaverageUShomehas24electronicgadgets,includingsmartphones,computersandgamesconsoles.It’snotsurprisingthatonly12.2%ofAmericanteenagersactuallyexerciseeachweek.FastfoodFastfoodisoneofAmerica’sgreatsuccessstoriesandAmericanshavebeeneatinghamburgersfordecades.Thefirstburgerbaropenedin1921,butitwasn’tuntilthe1950sthatfastfoodbecameincrediblysuccessful.Womenstartedtowork,peoplewerebusyandfastfoodrestaurantsfedfamiliesquicklyandcheaply.Today,50%ofmealsareeatenoutsidethehomeandmorethanthreequartersofAmericanteenagerseatafastfoodmealatleastonceaweek.Peoplehaveknownabouttheproblemsoffastfoodforyears,buttheystilleatit.Why?Probablybecausethesalt,fatandsugarmakeittastereallygood.SupersizingInthe1960ssupersizedpopcornwentonsaleinamovietheatreinChicago.Themanagerwantedpeopletospendmore,buthenoticedthatcustomersonlyboughtonebagofpopcornbecausetheydidn’twanttolookgreedy.However,theydidn’tmindbuyingabigger-sizedbag.Theideaofsupersizeportionswasborn.Inthe1970s,fastfoodrestaurantsadoptedthesameapproachandintroducedlargerfriesandsodas.Surprisingly,today’s“small”friesarethesamesizeaslargefriesin1970.Similarly,thelargestsodain1955wasmuchsmallerthantoday’schild-sizesoda.Overthelastthreedecadestheaverageteenager’scalorieconsumptionhasrisenby25%to2,700aday.Worryingly,that’s700caloriesmoreadaythantheyneed.SowhatdoesthefutureholdforAmerica?Doctorsfearthatanepidemicofillnesseslikeheartdiseaseandcancermayspreadout.Manythinkthiscouldbethefirstgenerationthatdoesn’toutliveitsparents.Buthealthcentresforobesechildrenlike12-year-oldConchita.Conchita’stiredtodaybecauseshe’sbeenexercising.“It’shardwork,butI’mfeelinggood,”shesays.Howmanytimeshassheexercisedthisweek?“Three,”shereplies,“andI’vegivenupfastfoodtoo.”“Thesekidswantlonglivesandtheywanttodoalotofthings,”explainsadoctoratthecentre.“Clearly,that’snotgoingtohappenunlesstheychangetheirlifestyle.”【参考译文】肥胖美国人美国人正变得越来越胖。早在20世纪70年代，只有10%的青少年超重，但今天，三分之一的青