2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievement二LearningaboutLanguage课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit1PeopleofAchievement课时作业(二)LearningaboutLanguage必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Whenthepolicehittheshore,theattacker________(逃跑)intothejungle.2．Hisfirst________(小说)hasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.3．Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowill________(流淌)nextandhowfast.4．Besuretorevieweverythinginthesection,includingtables,graphs,and________(图表)．5．Hereactedwellto________(青霉素)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．In________(conclude),theyareproudofthemselvesandfirmlybelievetheycandomoreforabetterworld.2．Thekeytosuccessasaromantic________(novel)isabsolutebeliefinyourstory.3．Underno________(circumstance)shallImentionthesecrettoanyone.4．Mymissingforyouislikeunstopped________(flow)water.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Apartfromfair________________________(磨损),thecarisinexcellentcondition.2．Thearticlenotonlypresentssystem________________(流程图)inprocess,butalsolistssoftwareflowchart.3．Howcouldthey________________________(得出结论)withoutdoingexperiments?Ⅳ.语法专练一、用适当的关系词填空1．London,________isthecapitalcityoftheUnitedKingdom,isaverybeautifulcity.2．Thenumberofsmokers,________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.3．Tom'sbrother,________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinHainanatthemoment.4．Nowadays,itiscommontoseemanyyoungpeoplestaringattheirmobilephonesinsteadofreadingarealbook,about________manyexpertsareworried.5．ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.6．Onthebeautifulshipwereover2,000people,mostof________werewomenandchildren.7．Thisisthemostsplendidpartofyourchart,________alltheinformationisanalyzedcleverlyinthelanguageofmathematics.8．In1897,JosephJohnThomsonofCambridgeannouncedhisdiscoveryoftheelectron(电子),________hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1906.9．We'llputoffthemeetingtillnextweek,________wewon'tbesobusy.10．Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof________usesitdifferently.二、用非限制性定语从句合并下列每对句子1．IborrowedthebookJaneEyrefromthelibrarylastweek.Myclassmatesrecommendedthebooktome.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Xi'anisoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.Itswallsremainasgoodasbefore.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．Onanautumnafternoon,Iwenttoafarmwithmyfather.Ilearnttoplantpotatoesthere.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．Ihaveafriend.Herfatherisanengineer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、完成句子1．布朗先生写了部小说，我完全记得它的书名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．他不能来参与我们的聚会，真是缺憾。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．书中的故事发生在加拿大，这个男孩就在那诞生。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．她每天骑自行车去上班，这帮她保持了健康。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．他是个慷慨大方的人，住在我隔壁。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________关键实力提升练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读AIsraeliscientistsbelievethattheyhaveidentifiedwhyArabicisparticularlyhardtoreadfornewlearners.Auniversityteamsaysthatpeopleusebothsidesoftheirbrainswhentheybeginreadingalanguage,butwhenlearningArabic,thisiswastingeffort.ThedetailsofArabiccharactersmeanthatstudentsshoulduseonlytheleftsideoftheirbrains,whicharebetteratdistinguishingdetails.WhensomeonelearnstoreadArabic,theyhavetoworkoutwhichlettersarewhich,andwhichonesgowithwhichsounds.It'stheabilitytotelllettersapartthatseemstoworkdifferentlyinArabic,becausetellingthecharactersapartinvolveslookingatverysmalldetailsliketheplacementofdots.Theprofessorwholedtheresearchteamsaid,“TheparticularcharacteristicsofArabicmakeithardfortherighthemisphere(大脑半球)tobeinvolved.Whenyouarestartingsomethingnew,thereisalotofrighthemisphereinvolvement.”Theresearcherslookedat37universitystudents.AllofthemwerenativeArabicspeakersandalsospokeandreadHebrew(希伯来语)andEnglish.Toworkoutwhichsideofthebrainreadswords,theresearchersflashedwordsforlessthanafifthofasecondontoascreen—eitherjustontheleftorright,ordifferentwordsonbothsides.Whentheeyesseesomethingforjustashorttime,andit'satonesideofascreen,onlyonebrainhemisphereisquickenoughtoprocesstheimage.TheteammeasuredhowfastandhowcorrectthestudentswerewhentheytriedtotellwordsapartseparatelyinArabic,inHebrewandinEnglish.ThestudentsusedbothleftandrighthemispherestotellHebrewandEnglishwordsapart.CharactersinEnglishandHebrewareeasiertotellapart.Whentheylookedatthestudents'readingofArabicwords,itgavetheteamaclueaboutwhychildrenfindthelanguagedifficulttoread.TheseArabic­speakingadultsonlyusedthelefthemispherestotellArabicwordsapart.WhentheArabicreaderssawsimplewordswiththerighthemispheres,theycouldn'ttellthemapartatall.1．Howmanylanguagesdotheparticipantsspeakbesidestheirmothertongue?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.2．WhatcanweknowaboutHebrewandEnglish?A．TheyaresimilartoArabicinspelling.B．TheyaredifferentfromArabicinletters.C．TheyaredifferentfromArabicingrammar.D．TheyaresimilartoArabicinpronunciation.3．WhathappensiftheArabicreadersreadArabicwordswiththerighthemisphere?A．Theymistakethem.B．Theyanswercorrectly.C．Theyrecognizethematonce.D．Theyfinditeasytoreadthem.BEverysummer,myfamilyandIvisitourrelativesinIndiaandwheneverwetravel,myparentsalwaysremindmetodrinkonlybottledorboiledwater.OnoneofmytripstoIndia,Isawchildrendrinkingwaterfromtheroadside.Iwastroubledtolearnthatmillionsofpeople,mostofthemchildrenindevelopingcountries,dieeachyearbecauseofwater­relateddiseases.LivingintheUS,Iamluckytobeabletoturnonthetapandgetpotablewater(饮用水),whileonesixthoftheworld'spopulationlacksaccesstocleanwater.Thisyear,IenteredtheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge.InlateJune,IlearntthatIwasselectedasoneofthetop10nationalfinalistsofthisfamousmiddleschoolsciencecompetition.Overthesummer,IworkedwithDrJimJonza,myscientistmentor(导师)from3M,anddevelopedasystemthatusessolarenergytopurifywater.Myinventionisgreenandcost­effective,andIamlookingforwardtoimplementingthisinplacesthatareaffectedbyharmfulwaterpollution.InOctober,myfamilyandIflewto3MheadquartersinStPaul,Minnesota,wherethefinaleventwastobeheld.Forthelastchallenge,eachofushadtopresenttheinventionwehadbeenworkingonoverthesummer.Thefirstplacewinnerwouldwin$25,000,atriptoCostaRica,andthetitleofAmerica'sTopYoungScientist.Attheawardsceremony,allofuswaitedanxiouslyuntiloneofthejudges，DannyForester,startedannouncing“ThewinneroftheDiscoveryEducationAsAmerica'sTopYoungScientist,Iwasgivenanopportunitytoshowmyinventiononnationaltelevisionanddeliverseveralpresentations.OneofthemostimportantthingsIhavelearntisthatcommunicationandteamworkarekeytosuccess.4．WhydoestheauthormentionhervisitstoIndia?A．ToexpresshergreatloveforIndia.B．Toshowtheproblemofuncleanwater.C．Toexplaintheimportanceofrelatives.D．Tocompareeasternandwesterncultures.5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“implementing”inParagraph2?A．Researching.B．Changing.C．Finishing.D．Using.6．HowdidtheaudiencereactasForesteropenedthepaperwiththewinner'sname?A．Theyappearedcalm.B．Theyletoutshoutsofjoy.C．Theysatquietly.D．Theydroppedpinstotheauthor.7．Howisthetextmainlyorganised?A．Inorderoftime.B．Inorderofcomplexity(困难性)．C．Inorderofplace.D．Inorderofimportance.Ⅱ.七选五Everyyear,wildfiresdestroymillionsofhectaresofforestland.__1__Smokejumpershelptostopthis.__2__Smokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighter.Theyjumpfromplanesorareloweredbyhelicoptersintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot,suchasthemiddleofamountainforest.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreading.Usingbasicequipmentsuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofflammablematerial,likeplantsandotherdrymaterial.__3__Althoughthemajorityofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.__4__Forexample,smokejumpersemployedintheUSmustbe120to200poundssotheydon'tgetblownawaybythestrongwindsorgethurtwhentheyland.Smokejumpersmustalsobecapableofsurvivinginthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.__5__Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn'tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28­year­oldRussiansmokejumperAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobfortoughguys.”A．Whatisasmokejumper?B．Howdosmokejumpersdoit?C．Moreimportantareyourheightandweight.D．Itmeanstheworkisdangerousandtakesalongtime.E．Andhomesaredamaged,andthousandsofpeopledie.F．Theycarrywaterwiththem,too,butonlyalimitedamount.G．Hotweatherandfast­movingwindsoftenmakethesefiresmoredangerous.Ⅲ.语法填空Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncenoticedhismotherturningthewheelofhersewingmachinewithherhand.“Won'titworkquicklyifamachine1.________(turn)thewheelforyou？”heasked.“Isupposeitwill，”saidhismother,withoutpayinganyattentiontohim.Christopherknewshealwayshadalotofworkandthatshewas2.________stubbornthathecouldhardlydoanythingtochange3.________(she)mind.Buthewantedtohelp.Inhisbedroomtherewasatoysteamengine4.________(buy)byhisfatherasagifttohim.“Iwillmakebetteruseofit，”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So,whenhismotherwasnotusinghersewingmachine,hedecidedtofixthetoysteamengineontoit.Whenhefinished5.________(do)it,hewasquitepleased,thinkinghismotherwouldlikeit.“Veryclever，”hismothersaidwhenshesawit.Butthenshesatdownandwentonturningthewheel6.________hand.“I7.________(work)likethisfortoomanyyears，”sheexplained.Christopherfeltvery8.________(disappoint).Hecouldn'tunderstandhismother's9.________(behave)．ThistaughtChristopheralesson,10.________madehimdepressedforseveraldays.Itiswhatanyonewhotriestoimproveanythinghastolearn:manypeopledon'tlikenewideas.课时作业(二)LearningaboutLanguage必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．fled2.novel3.flow4.charts5.penicillinⅡ.单句语法填空1．conclusion2.novelist3.circumstances4.flowingⅢ.完成句子1．wearandtear2.flowchart3etoaconclusionⅣ.语法专练一、1．which2.as3.whose4.which5.which6.whom7.where8．forwhich9.when10.which二、1．IborrowedthebookJaneEyrefromthelibrarylastweek,whichmyclassmatesrecommendedtome.2．Xi'anisoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls,whichremainasgoodasbefore.3．Onanautumnafternoon,Iwenttoafarmwithmyfather,whereIlearnttoplantpotatoes.4．Ihaveafriend,whosefatherisanengineer.5．Thisisthebestmethod,whichcanbeusedagainstpollution.三、1．Mr.Brownhaswrittenanovel,whosenameIcompletelyremember.2．Hecouldn'tcometoattendourparty,whichwasapity.3．ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,wheretheboywasborn.4．Shegoestoworkbybikeeveryday,whichhelpsherkeepfit.5．Heisagenerousman,wholivesnexttome.关键实力提升练Ⅰ.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。探讨人员发觉，学习阿拉伯语时左脑的作用更大，因为左脑更擅长辨识细微环节。1．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。由第三段内容可知，37名学生参与者的母语都是阿拉伯语，此外，他们也说希伯来语和英语。2．答案与解析：B推理推断题。由第四段可知，英语和希伯来语的字母很好区分，与阿拉伯语比起来，这两种语言的各个字母之间差异更加显明。3．答案与解析：A推理推断题。由第五段可知，讲阿拉伯语的成年人辨识阿拉伯语单词时仅用到了左脑。当阿拉伯语阅读者看到简洁的单词并用右脑处理这一信息时，他们根本就辨别不出这些单词。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者去印度时发觉那里的人们缺乏清洁的饮用水，由此得到启发，回国后参与了探究教化3M青年科学家挑战赛，有机会与吉姆·琼扎博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。作者凭自己的独创在决赛中获奖，荣获“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。4．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据第一段最终一句Iwastroubledtolearnthatmillionsofpeople,mostofthemchildrenindevelopingcountries,dieeachyearbecauseofwater­relateddiseases.可知，作者提到自己去印度的经验是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题。故选B项。5．答案与解析：D词义揣测题。依据Myinventionisgreenandcost­effective可知作者有了某项独创，再由画线词后的内容可知作者希望自己的独创用到有水污染的地方，故implementing是“应用”的意思。6．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据第三段Youcouldhearapindropasheopenedthepaperw