2023年中考英语热点阅读24 新冠疫苗研发(含答案)

2023年中考英语最新热点时文阅读■新冠疫苗研发

题型主要内容

1阅读理解澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苜对羊驼所做的研究

2阅读理解介绍了有关新冠肺炎疫苗的适用人群，不适合接种疫苗的群体，接种疫苗后需

要注意事项等

3阅读填表介绍中国的新冠疫苗

4阅读还原介绍了接种疫苗的好处，对一些特殊群体的建议，接种疫苗产生的副作用

01

（2021・湖北・武汉一初慧泉中学模拟预测）

ProvidedbyKJ

HEALTHScienceDaiIy2021,May,14

CuteCareforVirus

Ifyou'veeverseenanalpaca（羊9它），youmightjustthinkuhey'refuzzyandcute.Nowitlooks

liketheseanimalsmightbeabletohelpscientistsfindavaccine（疫苗）forCOVID-19.

Australianscientistsarestudyingalpacas.Theseanimalshaveauniqueimmuneresponse（免疫

反应）.ScientistsusedtousethemtodoresearchonviruseslikeHIV.Nowtheyhavefoundthat

whenalpacasareinfectedwithCOVID-19,theirbodiesreactinaspecialway.

“Alpacasandanimalslikethem（suchascamels）actuallycreatetwodifferenttypesof

antibodies（抗体）.Oneissimilartothetypewehumansmake,buttheyalsocreatethesethingscalled

nanobodies（纳米抗体）,"saidMichaelJames,aresearcherwhotookpartinthestudy.The

nanobodies,however,canstopinfectionfromhappening.Youcanthinkofourcellsas“locks”and

theviralspikeproteinasa“key”.Jamessaidthenanobodicsfillthe“lock"sothatthe“key”cannot

getin.

Althoughtheresultslookgoodsofar,itwilltakesometimetoproduceavaccinebasedonthe

findings.Thenanobodiesrequirefarmoreresearchtomakesuretheyarebotheffectiveandsafe.

Sincethenanobodiesarenew,theymustbetestedverystrictlyinalaboratorybeforetheycanbe

triedonhumans,accordingtoJaincs.

1.Accordingtothematerial,wecanknowthat.A.thephotowasprovidedbyJames

B.thevaccinewillbeproducedonMay14

C.CuteCarefbrViruscomesfromChinaDaily

D.ScienceDailyreportedthenews

2.Whyarescientistsstudyingalpacas?

A.TohelpwithresearchonHIV.B.TodevelopavaccineforCOVID-19.

C.ToinventeffectivemedicinesfbrHIV.D.TotestnewmedicinesforCOVID-19.

3.Whatistheroleofnanobodies?

A.Infectingbodycells.B.Killingviruses.

C.Protectingcellsfrominfection.D.Producingviralspikeproteins.

4.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?

A.Theresearchonnanobodiesusesaspecialmethod.

B.Theresearchonnanobodieshasn'tgonewell.

C.Thenanobodieshavebeentriedonhumans.

D.Thenanobodieswillcontinuetobetested.

5.ThewritergivesthetitleCuteCarefbrVirusbecausehewantsto.

A.askthereaderstohelphimanswerB.guidethereaderstounderstandbetter

C.makethereadersthinklessD.increasethereaders?readingspeed

02

（2021•山东定陶•一*模）Atthebeginningof2021,theChinesegovernmentsaiditwillprovidefree

COVID-19vaccines（疫苗）toallChinesecitizens.Sinethen,millionsofpeoplehavegottenthevaccine.

Let'stakeacloserlook.

Thevaccineisgivenbyinjection（注射）.It'ssuggestedtogettwodoses.Youshouldwaitabouttwo

weeksafterthefirstdosetogetthesecondone.

Canpeopleofallagesgetvaccinated?

Thevaccineshavebeentestedamongthreedifferentagegroups:3to17,18to59,and60andabove.

The18-to-59agegrouphasthemostdata（数据）—thevaccineshavebeenproventobesafeinthisgroup.

Theothertwogroupsareexpectedtobeincludedsoon.

Isthereanyonewhoshouldn'tgetvaccinated?

Expertssaythevaccinesaresafefbrmostpeople.Butpeoplewhohaveseriousdiseasessuchas

cancerordiabetes（糖尿病）,orpeoplewhoareallergic（过敏的）toanyofthevaccine'singredients,should

notgetit.Peoplewhowanttogetthevaccineshouldnotgetanyothervaccinesduringthesameperiod.

DoIstillneedtowearamaskinpublicplacesafterI'vebeenvaccinated?

Yes.Ittakesafewweeksfbrthebodytobuildimmunity（免疫力）aftervaccination（接种疫苗）.This

meansit'spossiblefbrapersontogetinfected（传染的）justaftervaccination.There'salsoasmallchance

thatyourbodywon'tbuildimmunity.Sobeforethepopulationbecomesimmune（免疫的）tothevirus,it's

highlyencouragedtokeepwearingmasks,practicingsocialdistancing（社交隔离）andwashingyourhands

aftergettingvaccinated.

6.WhoissuretobesafeaftergettingtheCOVID-19vaccinerightnow?

A.AllChinesecitizens.B.Peopleaged3to17.C.Peopleaged18to59.

7.Whatcanthemissingsentence""be?

A.Howisthevaccinegiven?

B.Canpeoplewithseriousdiseasesgetvaccinated?

C.Howdoesthevaccinework9

8.WhatdoweknowaboutpeoplewhowanttogetaCOVID-19vaccine?

A.Theyshouldn'tgetothervaccinesatthesametime.

B.Theyonlyneedtopayasmallamountofmoney.

C.Theyneedtogettwodoseswithinaweek.

9.Thewriterdevelopsthelastparagraphby.

A.tellingastoryB.givingreasonsC.comparingtwofacts

03

（2021・四川新都•三模）阅读二面短文，补全表格中所缺的信息。

ThevaccinesChinaisnowusingarccalled''inactivatedvaccines”（灭活疫苗）.Therearenoliving

的。

AllyouneedtoknowabouttakingCOVID-19vaccines（疫苗）

VaccineswillbeusedtostoppeoplefromgettingtheC0V1D-19virus.Chinaisgivingfreevaccines

toallChinesepeople.Youmightwanttoknowhowthevaccineswork.Let'slooktogetthefactsaboutthe

newCOVID-19vaccines.

____15____

ChinanowhasfourCOVID-19vaccinesfbrmarketuseandemergencyuse.Whatarethebenefitsof

gettingaCOVID-19vaccine?ACOVID-19vaccinemight:

•PreventyoufromgettingCOVID-19orfrombecomingseriouslyillordying.

•PreventyoufromspreadingtheCOVID-19virustoothersandreplicating（更制）.

•AddtothenumberofpeopleinthegroupwhoarcprotectedfromgettingCOVID-19.

16

ACOVID-19vaccinemaycausestrongsideeffectsaftergettingit,especiallyfbrthosewithchronic

（慢性的）diseasesorexceptionsasfollows,sodonotadvisethemtogetvaccinatedrightnow.

,Peoplewhohaveahistoryofseriousproblemsaftertakingvaccines.

•Peoplewithsomeseriousdiseases.

•Peoplewithhighfever.

,Pregnantwomen.

17

Doyousuittoreceivethevaccinationnow?Italldepends.

•Peopleaged60orabove:Researchshowsthevaccinesaresafefbrpeopleaged60orabove.Sowe

advisethisgroupofpeopletotakethevaccine.

,Peopleunder18:Wedon'tadvisepeopleunder18totakethevaccinesfirst.

,Peoplewithchronic（慢性的）diseases:Ifthediseasesarewell-controlled,theycantakethe

vaccines.

18

ACOVID-19vaccinecancausemildsideeffectsafterihcfirstorseconddose,includingfever,

headache,musclepain,feelingunwelletc.You'llbelikelytobsmonitoredfbr15minutesaftergettinga

COVID-19vaccinetoseeifyouhaveanimmediatereaction.Mostsideeffectshappenwithinthefirstthree

daysaftervaccinationandtypicallylastonlyonetotwodays.

19

Keepinmindthatifyou'refullyvaccinatedfromCOVID-19,yourriskofgettingCOVID-19might

below.Butifyoubecomeinfected（感染），youmightspreadtheCOVID-19virustoothersevenifyou

don'thaveanysignsofCOVID-19,Sovaccinatedpeopleshouldcontinuetotakesafetyprecautions,such

aswearingamaskandavoidingclosetouchwithotherswhentheyareinpublic.

A.Peoplenotsuitableforthevaccines.

B.Advicefbrsomespecialgroups.

C.Tipsfbrgettingthevaccines.

D.Thepossiblesideeffects.

E.Awarningaftergettingthevaccines.

F.Benefitsofgettingthevaccines.

参考答案：

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.B

【解析】

本文介绍了澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苗对羊驼所做的研究。

1.

细节理解题。根据“ProvidedbyKJ”可知照片不是詹姆斯提供的，排除A：根据“Althoughtheresultslook

goodsofar,itwilltakesometimetoproduceavaccinebasedonthefindings.”结合”2021,May,14”可知5

月14日疫苗还没有生产出来，排除B：根据“ScienceDaily”可知这篇报告是《科学日报》发表的，

排除C。故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据“Nowitlooksliketheseanimalsmightbeabletohelpscientistsfindavaccinefor

COVID-19.”可知科学家研究羊驼是为了研发新型冠状病毒疫苗。故选Bo

3.

细节理解题。根据“Thenanobodics,however,canstopinfectionfromhappening.”可知纳米抗体能保护细

胞免受感染。故选C。

4.

推理判断题。根据"Sincethenanobodiesarenew,theymustbetestedverystrictlyinalaboratorybefore

theycanbetriedonhumans,accordingtoJames.”可推知将继续测试纳米抗体。故选D。

5.

推理判断题。本文介绍了澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苗对羊驼所做的研究。用“CuteCare

forVirus”做标题是为了引导读者更好地理解文章内容。故选B.

6.C

7.A

8.A

9.B

【解析】

本文主要介绍了有关新冠肺炎疫苗的相关事情，包括它的适用人群，不适合接种疫苗的群体，接种

疫苗后需要注意事项等等。

6.

细节理解题。根据“The18-to-59agegrouphasthemostdata（数据）—thevaccineshavebeenprovento

besafeinthisgroup”可知，18至59岁这一年龄组被证明接种疫苗是安全的，故选C。

7.

推理判断题。根据“Thevaccineisgivenbyinjection”可知，本段介绍了疫苗注射的方式，故选A。

8.

细节理解题。根据“Peoplewhowanttogetthevaccineshouldnotgetanyothervaccinesduringthesame

period”可知，想要接种疫苗的人在此期间不应再接种其他疫苗，故选A。

9.

推理判断题。根据最后•段的内容可知，本段给出了在接种疫苗后是否需要在公共场合佩戴口罩的

原因，故选B。

1().dead

11.without

12.lowcr/rcducc/dccrcasc

13.18/eighteen

14.masks

【解析】

本文主要介绍中国的新冠疫苗。

1().

根据"Therearcnolivingvirusesinthesevaccines.“可知，“灭活疫苗”意味着病毒已经死亡，dead表示

“没有生命的故填dead。

11.

才艮据“Theycannotcausethedisease,butcanshowyourbodywhatthevimslookslikeandmakeyou

immunetoit.”可知，疫苗中的病毒使人们在体内对其免疫而不会引起疾病，"causing”是动名词形式，

此处应填一个介词，without表示“没有”，符合语境。故填without。

12.

根据"StudiesshowthatChina'svaccinesare79.34percenteffective.If79percentofthewholepopulation

becomesimmune,thepossibilityofCOVID-19spreadingwillbeverylow.”可知，人们应该通过注射两次

剂量的疫苗来降低新型冠状病毒传播的可能性，lowcr/rcduce/decreasc表示“降低”。故填

lowcr/rcducc/dccrcasc。

13.

根据“The18-to-59agegrouphasthemostdata—thevaccineshavebeenproventobesafetotliisgroup.

Expertssuggestpeoplefromtheageof18getvaccinated.”可知，专家鼓励18岁以上的人接种疫苗。故

填18/eighteeno

14.

根据"Sobeforethepopulationbecomesimmunet