2023-2024学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级（上）期末英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2023-2024学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级（上）期末英语试卷完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。1．（10分）Sanohasbecometheoldestsurfer（冲浪者）intheworld.It'smore（1）thathestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.Manypeoplethinkthatsurfingisasportforthe（2），butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit.Sanostartedtakingsurfinglessons9yearsago.That'sbecausehewantedto（3）himselfaswellasstayinshape.Hewas（4）byabankworker.Thebankworkerlookedtan（晒黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.Themantoldhimthathis（5）wassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.Sano'scoachwassurprisedaboutSano'sstrong（6）tolearnhowtosurf.HewasalsoworriedthatSanomightgethurtinthepractice.Tohissurprise，Sano（7）tobeasgoodastheman'syoungstudents.Sanosaid，"Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous，butIhavemore（8）momentsinacarthanonasurfboard!HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate，IfeelforthefirsttimeIhavebeenthoughttobe（9）forsomething.Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.Soit's（10）toolatetotrysomethingnew.Pleasefollowwhatyoulove，nomatterwhatdifficultiesmaystandinyourway."（1）A.excitingB.interestingC.amazingD.relaxing（2）A.oldB.youngC.richD.poor（3）A.protectB.controlC.punishD.challenge（4）A.encouragedB.comparedC.respectedD.chosen（5）A.abilityB.prizeC.careerD.secret（6）A.voiceB.supportC.wishD.arm（7）A.turnedoutB.watchedoutC.foundoutD.lookedout（8）A.boringB.terribleC.pleasantD.forgettable（9）A.successfulB.creativeC.seriousD.complete（10）A.alwaysB.sometimesC.seldomD.never阅读理解阅读短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。2．（7.5分）ArcticfoxesliveonthelandandseaicewithintheArcticCircle（北极圈）.WinterintheArcticisquitedifferent.FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.Luckily，thesesmallfoxeshaveawonderfulabilitytoliveintheicyArctic.Theirthickfurcoatandlong，furrytailskeepthebodywarm.Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirprey（猎物）hardertoheartheirfootsteps.Andtheirwhitecoatsmakeitdifficultforpredatorssuchaswolves，polarbears，andgoldeneaglestofindthemamongtheiceandsnow.Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.Theyprefertoeatsmalllemmings，butwhentimesaredifficultthey'lleatwhatevertheycanfind：insects，berries，andeventhedroppingsofotheranimals.Sometimesanarcticfoxwillfollowapolarbearonahuntingtripandeatthebear'sleftovers.Ifafoxcan'tfindfood，oriftheweathergetsreallybad，itcandigaden（兽穴）andrestinsideforuptotwoweeks.Whenafoxiswarm，itcanslowdownitsheartrateandmetabolism（新陈代谢）.Thishelpstheanimalsaveenergysoitdoesn'thavetoeatasmuch.Oncetheanimalcomesoutofitsden，it'lltrytohuntagain.Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（1）WhatistheweathermostlylikeinwinterintheArctic？A.Coldanddark.B.Warmandbright.C.Coldandbright.D.Warmanddark.（2）WhatcanhelptheArcticfoxeshuntforfoodmoreeasily？A.Theirfurrycoats.B.Theirwhitecoats.C.Theirlongtails.D.Theirfurryfeet.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"avoid"inparagraph3probablymean？A.Getcloseto.B.Runafter.C.Keepawayfrom.D.Dependon.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Arcticfoxesonlyliveoninsects.B.Arcticfoxesaredangerousanimals.C.Arcticfoxescanstayaliveinwinter.D.Arcticfoxeskeepfoodintheirdens.（5）Whatisthestructureofthepassage？A.B.C.D.3．（7.5分）Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年纪念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？Inspace，changesintheenvironmentandlonelinesstestthemindsandbodiesofastronauts.So，thetrainingforastronautsisveryhard."Astronautstakeover200differenttrainingsubjectsbeforegoingtospace，"HuangWeifen，chiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceproject，toldCCTVNews.Theseincludescienceandmindhealthclasses.Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.Thisyear，Chinaisfindingnewpeopletobethefourthgroupofastronauts.ThefirstandsecondgroupsofChineseastronautswereallfromtheChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyAirForce（中国人民解放军空军）.However，inthethirdgroup，commonpeoplecouldalsobecomeastronauts.Theyareexpertsandcandosciencestudiesinspace.Theydon'tneedtohave"perfect"bodieslikepilotastronauts.Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（1）HowmanyChineseastronautshavereachedspace？A.20.B.19.C.17.D.15.（2）Whichisthemostdifficulttrainingforastronauts？A.Mindhealthclasses.B.Scienceclasses.C.Weighttraining.D.Underwatertraining.（3）Whomaybecomemembersofthefourthgroupofastronauts？A.SoldiersfromtheAirForceafteroneyear'straining.B.Farmerswithstrongbodiesafterthreeyears'training.C.Expertswithscientificabilitiesafterfouryears'training.D.Teacherswithmuchexperienceaftertwoyears'training.（4）WhatdoesthewriterthinkofthefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogram？A.Uncertain.B.Hopeful.C.Worrying.D.Changeable.（5）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.ThetrainingforChina'smannedspaceprojectB.ThedesignforChina'smannedspaceprojectC.ThefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogramD.ThehistoryofChina'smannedspaceprogram4．（7.5分）China'sactressDilraba'sfantasticdanceperformanceinCroatia（克罗地亚）attractedviewersbothathomeandabroad.Throughher，theworldcanseetheshiningconfidenceofyoungChinesepeopleaswellasthebeautifulChineseculture.DilrabatravelledtoCroatiawitharealityshow"DivasHittheRoad".Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."Dilraba，wearingChineseXinjiangclothinganddancingXinjiangdance，isshiningbrightly，"WangWenbin，aspokesmanfromtheChineseForeignMinistrywrotewhilerepostingthevideoonsocialmedia.Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectoftheprogramalsoraisedtheglobalviewers'stronginterestinSilkRoadculture.TheprogramisdesignedtotravelacrosstheEurasiancontinentfor28days，goingthroughthreecountries，SaudiArabia，CroatiaandIceland，enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryanddifferentculturesofdifferentcountries，visitingandunderstandingmanyjointprojectsunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative（"一带一路"倡议）.（1）WhatdoesDilraba'sEtlesdressshow？A.Thecultureoftherealityshow.B.Theresultofculturalexchange.C.ThemodernfashiondesigninChina.D.ThedevelopmentofXinjiang，China.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto？A.Thedancevideo.B.Theculturaltour.C.Thebeautifuldress.D.Therealityshow.（3）Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromParagraph4？A.Theviewersshowedmuchinterestinalltheguests.B.TheviewersshowedlittleinterestinSilkRoadcultureC.TheviewersmaywatchtheprogramonlyonTV.D.TheviewersmaystartajourneyalongtheSilkRoad.（4）Whatcantheguestsoftherealityshowdoduringthe28﹣dayjourney？①GothroughthreeAsiancountries.②Experiencedifferentcultures.③Enjoythebeautifulscenery.④Designmanyjointprojects.A.①③B.②④C.②③D.①④（5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.ThebeginningandeffectoftheSilkRoad.B.Adanceperformancewithculturalconfidence.C.AshiningyoungactressfromXinjiang，China.D.Aprojectunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative.5．（10分）请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。A.AIwilltaketheplaceofteacherstogivelessons.B.Somestudentswhounderstandthingsrightawaycanfindmoredifficultones.C.Teacherscanfindpicturesorvideosthattheycanpresenttostudentseasily.D.Technologyprovidesparentswithmorechancestotakepartinchildren'slearning.E.Teachers，students，andparentsallbenefit（受益）fromtheseonlineresources.F.Butwhentechnologyisusedwell，itcanhelpimproveeducation.Weoftenhearaboutthebadeffectsoflongscreentimeandthedangersofsocialmedia，especiallywhenitcomestolearning.（1）Onlinetoolscanhelpstudentslearnmoreandbetter.Somestudentsmightfinishanonlineactivitywithfeedback（反馈）atonce，sotheyknowiftheyareontherighttrack.（2）Otherstudentscanhelptheirclassmateswiththeuseoftechnology.Theycanaskquestionsinrealtime，bothathomeandatschoolthroughtheInternet.（3）Parentscangetrealtimeupdatesontheirchildren'sgradesandevenclassroombehaviorreports.Whenparentsplayaroleineducation，studentsaremorelikelytosucceed.Technologyiswelcomedbyteachers，becauseitoffersplentyof（mostlyfree）tools.（4）Inthisway，technologyhelpsteacherssavetimeandmoney.Technologyisatoolthatcanimproveeducationinmanyways.（5）Itisreallyapowerfultool.信息匹配6．（7.5分）下面的材料A～F分别介绍了《永乐大典》六个分卷内容。请根据Fiona，Ben，Henry，Booby和Maggie五位交换学生的需求，选择最适合他们阅读的分卷（volume）。A.Volume14219offerspeoplefantasticinformationaboutmountainsandrivers.Therearelotsofpictures.Itisamust﹣readbooktothosewholoveGeography.B.Volume13965bringsyousomethingaboutdifferentkindsofoperaindifferentperiodsofChina.YoucanunderstandmoreabouttheChineseopera.C.Volume2130isaperfectguidetoChineseancientmedicine!Itisfullofpracticalmedicalskillsandwaystohelpthesickpeople.D.SomevolumesaboutDancewillleadyoutothedancingworld.Thereyoucangettoknowthedevelopmentoffamousdancesinhistory.E.InthevolumeaboutFarming，youwilldiscoverhowpeopleusethe24solartermsforfarming.ThewisdomofancientChinesepeopleinagricultureistrulyamazing.F.FromVolume2272toVolume2274，youcangetageneralideaaboutthepoems.Youcanfindpoemsondifferentthemessuchasnature，love，familyandsoon.（1）Fionaisakindgirl.Shewantstolearnmoreandbeadoctortohelpothers.（2）Ben'sfavoritesubjectisGeography.Helikestravellingverymuch.（3）HenryisinterestedinChineseoperaandthatiswhyhecomestoChina.（4）Bobbyhasagreenthumb.Helikesreadingbooksaboutfarmingandplanting.（5）MaggielikesChinesepoems.Shewantstofindsomepoemsaboutmountainsandrivers.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上7．（10分）Therearemanybeautifulbridgesintheworld.Twoofthemaremorethan1，000yearsoldandreallyworth（1）（visit）!ThefirstoneistheZhaozhouBridgeinChina.Itisfamous（2）itsdesignandshape.Itsdesignisveryspecialandclever.Thebridgeis50meterslongand10metershighwith28arches.Therearenonails（3）cement（水泥）inthebridge，onlystones.Thestoneshavedifferentshapesandsizessotheyfittogether（4）（perfect）.Sofar，it（5）（experience）manynaturaldisasters，suchasfloodsandearthquakesthroughouthistory，butitisstillthere.Itsshapeislike（6）smilewhichmeansgoodluck.The（7）（two）oneistheArkadikoBridgeinGreece.Itisabout22meterslongand5meterswide.Thisbridgeseemsmuch（8）（small）.Itislesswideformorepeople（9）（walk）onit，however，itwastheonlywaypeoplecouldcrosstheriverinthepast.Everyyear，many（10）（tour）visitthetwobridgesandtakephotos.ThesetwobridgesarenotonlyimportantpartsoftheWorldCulturalHeritagebutalsosymbolsofhumanwisdomandcreativity.书面表达8．（15分）为培养学生英语学习兴趣，弘扬中华传统文化，上周你的学校举行了"用英语讲好中国故事"的主题活动。假如你是你校英文报小记者李华，请你以"TellingChinesestories，spreadingtraditionalculture"为题，写一篇报道，介绍此次活动。要点：（1）活动目的。（2）活动内容：①讲述故事：用英语讲述中国故事（如：孔融让梨等）；②演讲比赛：用英语演讲传统节日（如：春节等）；③制作美食：体验制作传统美食（如：饺子等）。（3）收获与感受。要求：（1）80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数内；（2）文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；（3）可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯；（4）标点正确，书面整洁。参考词汇：主题活动themeevent传播spreadTellingChineseStoriesSpreadingTraditionalCultureTheeventaboutChinesetraditionalcultureheldinourschoolwentwelllastweek.______

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市龙岗区八年级（上）期末英语试卷参考答案与试题解析完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。1．（10分）Sanohasbecometheoldestsurfer（冲浪者）intheworld.It'smore（1）Cthathestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.Manypeoplethinkthatsurfingisasportforthe（2）B，butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit.Sanostartedtakingsurfinglessons9yearsago.That'sbecausehewantedto（3）Dhimselfaswellasstayinshape.Hewas（4）Abyabankworker.Thebankworkerlookedtan（晒黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.Themantoldhimthathis（5）Dwassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.Sano'scoachwassurprisedaboutSano'sstrong（6）Ctolearnhowtosurf.HewasalsoworriedthatSanomightgethurtinthepractice.Tohissurprise，Sano（7）Atobeasgoodastheman'syoungstudents.Sanosaid，"Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous，butIhavemore（8）Bmomentsinacarthanonasurfboard!HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate，IfeelforthefirsttimeIhavebeenthoughttobe（9）Aforsomething.Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.Soit's（10）Dtoolatetotrysomethingnew.Pleasefollowwhatyoulove，nomatterwhatdifficultiesmaystandinyourway."（1）A.excitingB.interestingC.amazingD.relaxing（2）A.oldB.youngC.richD.poor（3）A.protectB.controlC.punishD.challenge（4）A.encouragedB.comparedC.respectedD.chosen（5）A.abilityB.prizeC.careerD.secret（6）A.voiceB.supportC.wishD.arm（7）A.turnedoutB.watchedoutC.foundoutD.lookedout（8）A.boringB.terribleC.pleasantD.forgettable（9）A.successfulB.creativeC.seriousD.complete（10）A.alwaysB.sometimesC.seldomD.never【解答】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：更令人惊叹的是，他在80岁时开始这项运动，并在2022年7月成为吉尼斯世界纪录的"世界上最年长的冲浪运动员"。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.interesting有趣的；C.amazing令人吃惊的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根据hestartedthesportattheageof80andbecamethe"World'sOldestSurfer"oftheGuinnessWorldRecordsinJuly2022.（他在80岁时开始这项运动，并在2022年7月成为吉尼斯世界纪录的"世界上最年长的冲浪运动员"）可知，这是令人惊叹的，故选C。（2）考查形容词辨析。句意：许多人认为冲浪是年轻人的运动，但Sano表明所有年龄的人都可以享受它。A.old旧的；B.young年轻的；C.rich富有的；D.poor贫穷的。根据butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit（Sano表明所有年龄的人都可以享受它。）可知，冲浪是年轻人的运动，故选B。（3）考查动词辨析。句意：那是因为他想挑战自我并保持身材。A.protect保护；B.control控制；C.punish惩罚；D.challenge挑战。根据butSanoshowsthatpeopleofallagescanenjoyit（Sano表明所有年龄的人都可以享受它。）可知，他想挑战自我，故选D。（4）考查动词辨析。句意：一位银行工作人员鼓励了他。A.encouraged鼓励；B.compared比较；C.respected尊重；D.chosen选择。根据Themantoldhimthathis（5）wassurfing，soSanodecidedtogiveitatry.（这个人告诉他他的秘诀是冲浪，所以Sano决定试一试。）可知，受到银行工作人员的鼓励，故选A。（5）考查名词辨析。句意：这个人告诉他他的秘诀是冲浪，所以Sano决定试一试。A.ability能力；B.prize奖赏；C.career事业；D.secret秘密。根据Thebankworkerlookedtan（晒黑的）anddidn'tseemlikeanofficeworkeratall.（这位银行职员看起来皮肤黝黑，一点也不像上班族。）可知，他告诉Sano，他的秘决是冲浪，故选D。（6）考查名词辨析。句意：Sano的教练对Sano学习冲浪的强烈愿望感到惊讶。A.voice嗓音；B.support支持；C.wish愿望；D.arm胳膊。根据Sano'scoachwassurprised（Sano的教练非常吃惊）可知，对于他学习冲浪的强烈的愿望感到很吃惊，故选C。（7）考查动词短语辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，Sano竟然和这个人的年轻学生一样优秀。A.turnedout证明是；B.watchedout小心；C.foundout查明；D.lookedout小心。根据Tohissurprise（使他感到吃惊的是）可知，Sano竟然和这个人的年轻学生一样优秀，故选A。（8）考查形容词辨析。句意：人们告诉我冲浪很危险，但我在车里的经历比在冲浪板上更可怕！A.boring令人厌烦的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.pleasant令人愉快的；D.forgettable易被忘记的。根据Peopletellmesurfingisdangerous（人们告诉我冲浪很危险）可知，我以前在车里的经历更刺激，故选B。（9）考查形容词辨析。句意：拿着吉尼斯世界纪录证书，我第一次觉得自己被认为是成功的。A.successful成功的；B.creative有创造性的；C.serious严肃的；D.complete完全的。根据HoldingtheGuinnessWorldRecordscertificate（拿着吉尼斯世界纪录证书）可知，他被他人认可，所以感到自己是成功的，故选A。（10）考查副词辨析。句意：所以尝试新事物永远都不晚。A.always一直；B.sometimes有时；C.seldom很少；D.never从不。根据Frommyexperiences，Ithinkit'sthecan﹣doattitudethatwillgetyouthere.（从我的经验来看，我认为是"我能行"的态度会让你成功。）可知，尝试新鲜事物永远不晚，故选D。阅读理解阅读短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。2．（7.5分）ArcticfoxesliveonthelandandseaicewithintheArcticCircle（北极圈）.WinterintheArcticisquitedifferent.FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.Luckily，thesesmallfoxeshaveawonderfulabilitytoliveintheicyArctic.Theirthickfurcoatandlong，furrytailskeepthebodywarm.Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirprey（猎物）hardertoheartheirfootsteps.Andtheirwhitecoatsmakeitdifficultforpredatorssuchaswolves，polarbears，andgoldeneaglestofindthemamongtheiceandsnow.Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.Theyprefertoeatsmalllemmings，butwhentimesaredifficultthey'lleatwhatevertheycanfind：insects，berries，andeventhedroppingsofotheranimals.Sometimesanarcticfoxwillfollowapolarbearonahuntingtripandeatthebear'sleftovers.Ifafoxcan'tfindfood，oriftheweathergetsreallybad，itcandigaden（兽穴）andrestinsideforuptotwoweeks.Whenafoxiswarm，itcanslowdownitsheartrateandmetabolism（新陈代谢）.Thishelpstheanimalsaveenergysoitdoesn'thavetoeatasmuch.Oncetheanimalcomesoutofitsden，it'lltrytohuntagain.Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（1）WhatistheweathermostlylikeinwinterintheArctic？AA.Coldanddark.B.Warmandbright.C.Coldandbright.D.Warmanddark.（2）WhatcanhelptheArcticfoxeshuntforfoodmoreeasily？DA.Theirfurrycoats.B.Theirwhitecoats.C.Theirlongtails.D.Theirfurryfeet.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"avoid"inparagraph3probablymean？CA.Getcloseto.B.Runafter.C.Keepawayfrom.D.Dependon.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？CA.Arcticfoxesonlyliveoninsects.B.Arcticfoxesaredangerousanimals.C.Arcticfoxescanstayaliveinwinter.D.Arcticfoxeskeepfoodintheirdens.（5）Whatisthestructureofthepassage？DA.B.C.D.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段FromOctobertoFebruary，thesunneverrisestoshinewarmthandlight.（从十月到二月，太阳从不升起，无法提供温暖和光线。）可知，北极冬天的天气一般是寒冷且黑暗的。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Theirfeetalsohavethickfur，likebuilt﹣insnowboots.Thismakestheirpreyhardertoheartheirfootsteps.（它们的脚也有厚厚的皮毛，就像内置的雪地靴。这使得它们的猎物更难听到它们的脚步声）可知，它们毛茸茸的脚可以帮助北极狐更容易地寻找食物。故选D。（3）词义猜测题，根据第三段Whenit'snottryingtokeepwarmoravoidpredators，anArcticfoxisonthehuntforfood.（当北极狐不试图保暖或躲避捕食者时，它就会去寻找食物。）可知，avoid的意思是"躲避"，等同于Keepawayfrom。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Withfoodinitsbelly，theArcticfoxhasabetterchanceofmakingitthroughanotherlong，darkwinter.（有了肚子里的食物，北极狐更有可能度过又一个漫长而黑暗的冬天。）可知，选项C"北极狐可以在冬天存活。"描述正确。故选C。（5）篇章结构题。通读全文，可知第一段提到了北极狐并介绍了北极的气候；第二段介绍了北极狐的生存能力；第三段介绍了北极狐的喜欢的食物；第四段介绍了北极狐没有食物时的应对方式；第五段介绍了北极狐再次走出洞穴，进行捕猎，因此选项D是本文的结构。故选D。3．（7.5分）Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年纪念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？Inspace，changesintheenvironmentandlonelinesstestthemindsandbodiesofastronauts.So，thetrainingforastronautsisveryhard."Astronautstakeover200differenttrainingsubjectsbeforegoingtospace，"HuangWeifen，chiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceproject，toldCCTVNews.Theseincludescienceandmindhealthclasses.Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.Thisyear，Chinaisfindingnewpeopletobethefourthgroupofastronauts.ThefirstandsecondgroupsofChineseastronautswereallfromtheChinesePeople'sLiberationArmyAirForce（中国人民解放军空军）.However，inthethirdgroup，commonpeoplecouldalsobecomeastronauts.Theyareexpertsandcandosciencestudiesinspace.Theydon'tneedtohave"perfect"bodieslikepilotastronauts.Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（1）HowmanyChineseastronautshavereachedspace？AA.20.B.19.C.17.D.15.（2）Whichisthemostdifficulttrainingforastronauts？DA.Mindhealthclasses.B.Scienceclasses.C.Weighttraining.D.Underwatertraining.（3）Whomaybecomemembersofthefourthgroupofastronauts？CA.SoldiersfromtheAirForceafteroneyear'straining.B.Farmerswithstrongbodiesafterthreeyears'training.C.Expertswithscientificabilitiesafterfouryears'training.D.Teacherswithmuchexperienceaftertwoyears'training.（4）WhatdoesthewriterthinkofthefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogram？BA.Uncertain.B.Hopeful.C.Worrying.D.Changeable.（5）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？AA.ThetrainingforChina'smannedspaceprojectB.ThedesignforChina'smannedspaceprojectC.ThefutureofChina'smannedspaceprogramD.ThehistoryofChina'smannedspaceprogram【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversary（周年纪念）ofChina'sfirstmannedspacemission，withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen，Chinahassentanother19astronautsintospace.（今年是中国首次载人航天飞行任务20周年，杨利伟成为首位登上太空的中国宇航员。从那时起，中国又将19名宇航员送入太空。）可知，有20位中国宇航员已经进入太空。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Astronautsstayunderthewaterinclothesforsixhoursatatime.Theclothesareheavierthan100kilograms.Theheavyclothesmakeeverymovehard."Anastronautoncesaidhelosttwokilogramsafteroneunderwaterexercise，"saidHuang.（最累的是水下训练。宇航员一次穿着衣服在水下呆六个小时。这些衣服比100公斤重。厚重的衣服使每一个动作都很艰难。黄说："一位宇航员曾经说过，他在一次水下运动后瘦了两公斤。"）可知，宇航员最难的训练是水下训练。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Eachastronautdoestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforegettingthechancetogotospace.（每个宇航员都要经过至少三年半的训练才能有机会进入太空。）可知，经过四年培训，具备科学能力的专家可能成为第四组宇航员的成员。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Overthepasttwodecades，China'smannedspaceprogramhasachievedveryimportantstagesandwearealllookingforwardtothenextleapofChina'smannedspaceprogram.（近二十年来，中国载人航天工程已经进入了非常重要的阶段，我们都期待着中国载人航天事业的下一个飞跃。）可知，作者对中国载人航天工程的未来充满希望。故选B。（5）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段Doyoudreamofbeinganastronaut？Howdidtheymakeit？（你梦想成为一名宇航员吗？他们是怎么做到的？）可知，文章的最佳标题应是"中国载人航天工程培训"。故选A。4．（7.5分）China'sactressDilraba'sfantasticdanceperformanceinCroatia（克罗地亚）attractedviewersbothathomeandabroad.Throughher，theworldcanseetheshiningconfidenceofyoungChinesepeopleaswellasthebeautifulChineseculture.DilrabatravelledtoCroatiawitharealityshow"DivasHittheRoad".Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."Dilraba，wearingChineseXinjiangclothinganddancingXinjiangdance，isshiningbrightly，"WangWenbin，aspokesmanfromtheChineseForeignMinistrywrotewhilerepostingthevideoonsocialmedia.Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectoftheprogramalsoraisedtheglobalviewers'stronginterestinSilkRoadculture.TheprogramisdesignedtotravelacrosstheEurasiancontinentfor28days，goingthroughthreecountries，SaudiArabia，CroatiaandIceland，enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryanddifferentculturesofdifferentcountries，visitingandunderstandingmanyjointprojectsunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative（"一带一路"倡议）.（1）WhatdoesDilraba'sEtlesdressshow？AA.Thecultureoftherealityshow.B.Theresultofculturalexchange.C.ThemodernfashiondesigninChina.D.ThedevelopmentofXinjiang，China.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto？AA.Thedancevideo.B.Theculturaltour.C.Thebeautifuldress.D.Therealityshow.（3）Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromParagraph4？DA.Theviewersshowedmuchinterestinalltheguests.B.TheviewersshowedlittleinterestinSilkRoadcultureC.TheviewersmaywatchtheprogramonlyonTV.D.TheviewersmaystartajourneyalongtheSilkRoad.（4）Whatcantheguestsoftherealityshowdoduringthe28﹣dayjourney？A①GothroughthreeAsiancountries.②Experiencedifferentcultures.③Enjoythebeautifulscenery.④Designmanyjointprojects.A.①③B.②④C.②③D.①④（5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？BA.ThebeginningandeffectoftheSilkRoad.B.Adanceperformancewithculturalconfidence.C.AshiningyoungactressfromXinjiang，China.D.Aprojectunderthe"BeltandRoad"initiative.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Whenthehostaskedhertodescribethedressthatshewaswearing，DilrabasaiditisabeautifulEtlesdressfromXinjiang，China.Etlessilk，withahistoryofmorethanathousandyears，isregardedastheculturalmixturebetweenChinaandtheneighboringcountries.（当主持人让她描述自己所穿的裙子时，迪丽热巴说这是一件来自中国新疆的美丽的艾提尕丝连衣裙。艾提尕丝绸有着一千多年的历史，被视为中国与周边国家的文化融合。）可知，迪丽热巴的艾提尕丝连衣裙展示了真人秀的文化。故选A。（2）代词指代题。根据第三段ThevideowhichshowsDilrabaperformingXinjiangdancehasbeenwidelyspreadonline.AnditwasrepostedbymanyChinesediplomats（外交官）andgotmanylikesabroad."（迪丽热巴表演新疆舞蹈的视频在网上广泛传播。它被许多中国外交官转发，并在国外获得了许多赞。）可猜测出。下划线单词应是指"舞蹈视频。"故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Earlier，therealityshowtookDilrabaalongwithanumberofgueststoSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）.AfterthetourinSaudiArabiawasshownonsocialmedia，awaveof"SilkRoad"heatwassetoff，andthehugeeffectofth