浙江省名校协作体2024-2025学年高三上学期开学联考英语英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校协作体2024-2025学年高三上学期开学联考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?A.Hesawamovie. B.Heattendedamatch. C.Hewenttothehospital.【答案】B【原文】M:Hey,Ruth.Howwasyourweekend?W:Oh,IattendedascreeningofTheGarfieldMovie.Howaboutyou?Didyouwinthegamethistime?Iheardthecompetitionwasfierce.M:It’salongstory.Ourfootballgoalkeeperbrokehisarminthesecondhalf.Thecoachtookhimtothehospital.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday.【答案】A【原文】W:Weareboundtomissourflightifwedon’tleavenow.M:Don’tyourememberthatwe’veputitoffuntilWednesday?W:Oops,Itotallyforgot.Thenwe’llhaveawholedaydoingthecleaningtomorrow.M:Yes.3.Whatishappeningnearthepark?A.Peoplearegivingawaytheirbooks.B.Thepolicearesearchingforathref.C.Thereisanewrestaurantopeningup.【答案】A【原文】W:I’mprettysurethatsomethingdidhappen.Isawalargecrowdgatheringnearthepark.M:Thereisadonationofbooks.Bytheway,justnowalotofpolicecarspassedbyourrestaurant.Doyouknowwhathappened?W:It’ssaidthatabankmanagerranawaywithallthemoney.4.Whatisthemostunbearablethingforthewoman?A.Mosquitobites. B.Horriblesnakes. C.Hightemperatures.【答案】C【原文】M:Fromthelookonyourface,I’mguessingyouhaven’tgotusedtolifeonthefarmyet.W:I’vebeenbittenbyalotofmosquitoes.Ican’thelpscratchingmyselfatnight.Plus,I’mafraidofsnakes.Worstofall,Ican’tstandtheheat.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Leavethecatalone. B.Chooseanothertime. C.Considerothervehicles.【答案】B【原文】M:Ithinkwemighthavegiventhecattoomanybiscuits.Shehasbeenthrowingupallthetime.W:We’dbettertakehertoseeavetrightnow.Sheistooweak.M:Butourcarisbeingfixedandthevet’smaybeclosednow.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Neighbors. C.Colleagues.7.WhendidMr.Thompsonarrivehometoday?A.At6:30p.m. B.At6:15p.m. C.At5:45p.m.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Whatisthatstrangesmell?Didyoutakethetrashout?W:Yeah.Oh,itisthegas.I’llopenthewindowsandletfreshaircomein.Canyouturnoffthegas?M:ButIlookedeverywhere.There’snogasleak.ThenitmustcomefromMr.Thompson’s.Mr.ThompsonwenttoAustraliaforsightseeing.Didhereturn?W:Hecamehomeaquarterofanhourearlierthanyou.Whenyougotbackhome,theclockhadjuststrucksix.It’s6:30p.m.now.Hurryup,let’sknockonhisdoor.M:Weneedtograbwettowelsandcoverournosesincaseofanaccident.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdidthewomanwanttodowhenshewasachild?A.Createnewmusicalpieces. B.Becomeasinger. C.Playthepiano.9.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Aneducator. B.Amusician. C.Anastronaut.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:WhenIwasakid,myparentsoftenencouragedmetohaveabigdreamofbeingapianistinaband.Whereas,thiswasn’twheremyambitionlay.Mydesirewastoshowoffmybeautifulvoiceonstage.Ioftenwhistledacheerfultune.Didyouhaveanychildhooddreams?M:Iwascuriousaboutouterspaceandwantedtoflytothemoon.W:Abigdream.Whenpeopleareintheirchildhood,theirdreamsarelikelytobebasedonpurepassionandimagination.However,beforeenteringtheworkforce,theseyouthfulperspectivesbegintoshift.M:Yeah.Childrenrarelyconsiderfinanciallimitationsandeducationalrequirementswhendecidingontheirfuture.W:Yourdreamhascometrue.Forme,Iwillputmoreeffortintomypresentdream—creatingmoremusicalpieces.M:Agreed.Wemightnotbeabletochangeourpast,butwecancreateourfuture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdidthewomandobeforelunchtime?A.Shetidiedaplaceup. B.Sheboughtsomefruit. C.Shesangasongtotheelderly.11.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Playbasketball. B.Gotohospital. C.Jointhewoman.12.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Respectfortheold. B.Theholidayplan. C.Houseworkchores.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【原文】M:Hi,Marie.Whatareyoudoingnow?TodayisSaturday.W:Yes.It’salsotheDoubleNinthFestival.Ourschoolorganizedsomeactivities.Wehadafieldtripfrom8:00a.m.to10:00a.m.From10:10a.m.to11:00a.m.,wehelpedcleanourcanteen.From11:30a.m.until1:00p.m.,wehadlunch.M:Soyoujustfinishedyourlunch?W:Yeah.Andweareonourwaytobuysomefruitfortheoldpeople,especiallytheemptynesters.Iwillsingarevolutionarysongwhichistotheirtaste.Wearescheduledtoreturntoschoolat6:00p.m.M:Great.Ibelieveitwillremindthemofthevaluablemomentsintheirlife.W:Sure.Wecanalsohelpthemgetahaircutanddosomelaundry.SomepeoplearefondofChinesechess.Wecanplaytheboardgame.M:Itsoundswonderful.Wewillgrowoldoneday.Youreallyinspiredme.IshouldcancelmyappointmentwithmyfriendsandI’llbuyafruitbaskettoseemygrandparentsduringthevisitinghours.I’dlovetodosomethingmeaningfullikeyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.WhoisTomLee?A.Amoviecharacter. B.ATVactor. C.Ajournalist14.WhatdoweknowaboutTomLee?A.HegrewupinChina.B.Heishumorousandwise.C.Hedreamsofbecomingahero.15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangivetokids?A.Learningfromobstacles.B.Keepingpositiveallthetime.C.Beingbravetoseeksupport.16.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting. B.Havinganinterview. C.Explainingfilmplots.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【原文】W:HowwouldyoudescribeTomLee,theyoungheroinTheTiger’sApprentice?M:Tomistryingtofindhisplaceintheworldasahero.Hewantstofindhiscommunityandstepintohisfullestpotential.W:WhichpartofTomresonateswithyoumost?M:Tom’sstoryisnottoodifferentfrommine.I’mChinese-American.HegrewupinChinatownintheSanFranciscoBayArea,California.IgrewupinChinatowninLosAngeles.So,Idon’thavetodigtoodeepintomylifetorelatetoTom.AndTomisreallygoodattryingtostaypositivewhensituationsaredifficult.Heuseshiswitsandasenseofhumortoovercomehardships.ThosearethethingsIcandefinitelyrelateto.Inthebeginning,Tomtriestodealwithalotofhisobstacleswithforce.Butlaterhelearnstousehisheadabitmore.That’ssomethingthatI’vedevelopedasI’mgettingolder.W:What’sthemostvaluablemessageyouwantkidstogainfromthismovie?M:Don’tbeafraidtoleanonthepeoplethatyouloveforsupport,ifyouneedit.There’ssomuchvalueandsomuchpowerinthecommunityandfamily.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducesomenewauthors.B.Tosharebookreviews.C.Toadvertisesomenewbooks.18.Whichbookissuitableforpeoplewhoareinterestedintime-travelingadventures?A.ThisAgain?. B.DaughtersoftheLamp. C.ThePartitionProject.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutSahara?A.ShelostanecklaceinCairo.B.ShemovedfromIndiatoPakistan.C.Sheisfascinatedbyadventurestories.20.Whoattachesgreatimportancetofamilyinthebook?A.AdamBorba. B.NeddaLewers C.SaadiaFaruqi【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.C【原文】Wouldyougobackintimetochangeyourfuture?Inthisfunny,time-travelingadventurebyAdamBorba,middleschoolerNoahNicholsondoesjustthat.He’srunningforclasspresident.Plus,hemustchoosebetweenhangingoutwithhisfriends,gettingstraightA’s,andbeingpopular.NoahwantstofollowinhissuccessfulolderbrotherPaul’sfootsteps.ButishetryingsohardtobelikePaulthatheforgetswhotherealNoahis?Canhegobackintimetomakehislifeperfect?Ifyou’relookingforafantasystory,thisbookThisAgain?isdefinitelyforyou.Next,DaughtersoftheLampfollowsSaharatoafamilyweddinginCairo,Egypt.There,hernecklacestartsglowing-beforeitdisappears.Asshelooksintotheoriginofthenecklace,familysecretsareunearthed.AuthorNeddaLewersweavesArabianfairytalesintothismysteriousandmagicaladventure.Lastly,ThePartitionProject,bySaadiaFaruqi,focusesontheimportanceoffamilybondsandofhearingthestoriesofourgrandparents’lives.Mahalearnsabouthergrandmother’sexperiencewithgrowingupinIndiaandhermovefromIndiatoPakistan.Thosearesomenewbooksthatyoumightenjoy.Andtheyareonspecialthisweek.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ACulinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmallamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.·CurryleavesThecurrytreeisnativetoIndiaandSriLankaTheleavesaredarkgreenandshiny,releasingapleasantnut-likescentwhentheyarefriedinoil.TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.·ShisoShisoisaJapaneseherbwithauniqueflavor,whosegreenleavesareoftenusedasagarnish（装饰）fortraditionalJapanesedishes.Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.·BasilBasilhasshiny,deepgreen,pointedleavesandasweet-and-savoryflavor,whichisusedinbothfreshanddriedformstoflavordishesrangingfromItaliansaucestomeatdishestoAsiancurries.Whencooking,addittowardstheendtomaintainflavor.·MintMinthasadelicatelysweetflavorandcreatesadistinctcoolingfeelingduetothementhol（薄荷醇）intheherb.Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-friesWhiledriedmintisusedinteamaking,freshmintisthepreferredformoftheherbforcooking.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutCurryleavesistrue?A.TheyareonlynativetoSriLanka. B.TheyenjoygreatpopularityamongWesterners.C.Theysmellpleasant,likefriednuts. D.TheyplayanimportantroleinSouthIndiancuisine.22.Whichherbscanbeusedbothinteadrinksandstir-fries?A.MintandBasil. B.BasilandShiso.C.CurryleavesandBasil. D.MintandShiso.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Anacademicpaper.C.Abotanicalmagazine. D.Acommercialposter.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种可用于食物和药物的烹饪香草。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Curryleaves”所在段落中“TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.”（它们是南印度菜肴的主要成分，其使用方法与月桂叶在西方菜肴中的使用方法相同。）可知它们在南印度菜肴中起到很大的作用。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Shiso”所在段落中“Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.”（无论是红叶还是绿叶，它都有多种用途：拌沙拉、泡绿茶或添加到炒菜中。）以及“Mint”所在段落中“Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-fries.”（薄荷叶柔软翠绿，可用于烹饪和多种药用目的，常用于薄荷茶等饮品以及越南和泰国炒菜等菜肴。）可知Mint和Shiso都可以用于茶饮和炒菜。故选D项。【23题详解】文章出处题。根据第一段“Culinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmllamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.”（烹饪香草是一种芳香植物，适合食用，少量使用可为菜肴增添美味。大多数草药都可以在食物中找到，同时也有药用价值。下面为你介绍四种草药。）可知文章介绍了几种香草的特点和用途，因此内容适合出现在植物杂志中。故选C项。BIfirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.Anincrediblybeautifultapestry(织锦)ofblueandwhite,tan,blackandgreenseemstoglidebeneathyouatanelegant,statelypace.Butyouareactuallygoingsofasthattheentiremapoftheworldspinsbeforeyoureyeswitach90-minuteorbit.Afterjustoneortwolaps,youfeel,maybeforthefisttimelikeacitizenofaplanet.Allthecolorsandpatternsyousee—thevisibleevidenceofthecomplexworkingofthenaturalsystemsthatmakeourplanethabitable—seembothvastandprecise,powerfulandyetsomehowfragile.Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.Youalsoseethebig,graysmudgesoffields,paddiesandpastures,andatnightyoumarvelatthelights,likebrilliantdiamonds,thatrevealamosaicofcities,roadsandcoastlines—impressivesignsofthehandofhumanity.Scientiststellusthatourhandisheavy,thatwearewipingoutofotherspeciesatanunprecedentedrateandprobablytransformingourclimate.Willtheimmensepowerofglobalsystemswithstandtheimpactofhumanity?Orisitpossiblethatourcollectiveactionswillchangethenatureofourplanetenoughtocrippleitsabilitytosupportlife?Inolongerbelievethatwecanwaitforallthescientificdataneededtoanswerthesequestionsconclusively.Wemustrecognizeimmediatelywhatitmeanstobecitizensofthisplanet.Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?24.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexpressinParagraph1?A.Theyfeelscaredflyingintheout-space. B.Theyarehomesickinthespaceshuttle.C.Theyareawedbytheviewoftheearth. D.Theyfeelexcitedtoexploretheuniverse.25.What’sthemainfunctionofParagraph3?A.Settingthestageforfurtherdiscussion. B.Summarizingthemainideaofthetext.C.Providingdataforthewriter’sargument. D.Introducingdifferentideasonhumanimpact.26.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementdoeshewriteragreewith?A.It’snotclearwhathumanscandotonatureB.Theearthisstrongenoughtosupportmorelives.C.HumanbeingsarenottheonlycreatureoftheearthD.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit’stoolate27.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FlyingtotheFuture B.GoingGreenwithOurEarthC.AGlimpseofHome D.MyExperienceasanAstronaut【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者从太空中看到地球的美景和对地球的思考。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整个地球，是从1984年的挑战者号航天飞机上。这景色会让你屏住呼吸，让你充满孩子般的惊奇。这就是为什么每个航天飞机机组人员每天都要清理几次他们的飞船窗户上的鼻印。)”可知，作者第一次从航天飞机上看到地球的全貌时，被地球的美景震撼，充满了童真的惊奇。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.(你会看到火山喷出烟雾，飓风在海洋中肆虐，甚至撒哈拉沙漠的尘埃细沙也横跨大西洋。)”可知，第三段描述了地球上发生的灾难，为后续讨论人类应如何保护地球做铺垫。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?(它意味着接受成为地球赋予生命的能力的管理者的义务。作为房主，我们不会忽视或损坏我们的房子，直到它们不适合居住。我们为什么要这样对待我们的星球呢？)”可知，作者认为我们要立即认识到作为地球公民的责任，采取行动保护地球。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整个地球，是从1984年的挑战者号航天飞机上。这景色会让你屏住呼吸，让你充满孩子般的惊奇。这就是为什么每个航天飞机机组人员每天都要清理几次他们的飞船窗户上的鼻印。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者从太空中看到地球的美景和对地球的思考，最好的标题是选项C“AGlimpseofHome(家园一瞥)”。故选C。CEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,arecentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldliveanadditional13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes(豆类),aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.“OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardisease),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.Whilethestudyfoundeatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetablesdidnot.Anybenefitwentawaywhenresearchersfactoredinlifestylefactorssuchasphysicalactivity,educationallevel,smoking,drinking,fruitintake,redandprocessedmeatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitaminsupplements.“Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion“Althoughthisstudyfoundthateatingmorevegetableswasn’tassociatedwithalowerriskofheartandcirculatorydiseasesonceotherlifestyleandotherfactorsweretakenintoaccount,thatdoesn’tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,”saidVictoriaTaylor,aseniordietitianattheBritishHeartFoundation,inastatement.“Theresultsarenotsurprising.Pickingoutonesinglecomponentandassumingjustaddingittothediet,e.g.,vegetables,isnotlikelytoresultinthedesiredeffect,”AliceLichtenstein,directorandseniorscientistatTuftsUniversity’sCardiovascularNutritionLaboratory,toldCNNinanemail.“Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.28.WhatcanwelearnfromthenewstudyledbyFeng?A.ItfollowedayoungUKpersonfor13years.B.Itsfindingscameasnosurprisetootherpeople.C.Itoverturnedtheconclusionofpreviousstudies.D.Itspurposewastofindtherightvegetablesforpeople.29.WhatdidFengimplyaboutvegetables’protectiveeffect?A.Itwastotallymadeupbysomeresearchers.B.Itstillheldtruedespitesomedifferentfindings.C.Itcouldonlybeachievedbylivingahealthylifestyle.D.Itwasamisconceptioncausedbydifferencesinpeople.30.Whichoffollowingisclosestinmeaningtounderlinedphrase“takeexceptionto”?A.Voiceobjectionsto. B.Adddetailsto.C.Displayignoranceof. D.Takenoticeof.31.WhatdidLichtensteinthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasgroundbreaking. B.Itwasone-sided.C.Itwouldcauseconfusion. D.Itneededmoreevidence.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了吃蔬菜对心脏和整体健康都有好处，但是一项新的研究发现吃蔬菜不能降低患心脏病的风险，科学家对此有不同的看法。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.(这使得周一发表在《营养前沿》杂志上的一项对近40万英国成年人饮食的新分析结果相当令人震惊：长期食用蔬菜，尤其是煮熟的蔬菜，并不能降低患心脏病的风险。)”和第三段““OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardiscase),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.(牛津大学的流行病学家QiFeng在一份声明中说：“我们的大型研究没有发现蔬菜摄入对心血管疾病发生有保护作用的证据。”)”可推断这项研究发现烹饪过的蔬菜并不降低心脏病风险，颠覆了之前的研究结论。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段““Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.(“相反，我们的分析表明，蔬菜摄入对心血管疾病风险的表面保护作用很可能是由偏见造成的……与社会经济状况和生活方式的差异有关，”Feng说。)”可知Feng认为蔬菜摄入对心血管疾病风险的保护效果可能是由于社会经济状况和生活方式差异引起的偏见。故选D。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.(讨厌素食者们，先别开始庆祝。)”和划线词所在句“ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion.(英国和美国的专家很快就对这项研究的结论…)”由此推断出是英国和美国的专家提出了异议，所以tookexceptionto意思是“提出反对意见”和A选项Voiceobjectionsto同义，故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.(Lichtenstein说：“在过去的十年里，有一件事变得很清楚，那就是我们不应该只关注单一的食物或营养素，而应该关注整个饮食模式。”)”可推知Lichtenstein认为这项研究是片面的，因为它只关注单一食物或营养素，而没有考虑整体饮食模式。故选B。DManypeoplehavewonderedwhychildrenbelieveinthingslikeSantaClausortheToothFairy,thinkingthatchildren’smindsareeasilyfooled.However,developmentalpsychologyoffersadifferentperspective.AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.Thestudyinvolvednearly200childrenaged3to8fromChineseschools.Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.Theresearchersobservedwhetherthechildrenwouldchangetheirmindsortesttheadult’sclaimbycomparingtheweightsofthedolls.Initially,childrenseemedtotrusttheadult’sword,withonlyasmallpercentageinsistingontheiroriginalbelief.However,whengiventheopportunitytoexplorethedolls,elementaryschoolchildrenwhohadreceivedthesurprisingclaimsystematicallytesteditbycomparingthesmallestandlargestdolls.Thisexplorationallowedthemtogenerateevidencethatcouldcontradicttheadult’sclaim.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilechildrenarewillingtotrustanadult’ssurprisingclaims,theiracceptanceistemporary.Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs.Thestudy’simplicationsextendbeyondchildhood.Mostadultsacceptcomplexconcepts,suchastheexistenceofelectrons,basedonthetestimony（证词）ofothersratherthanpersonalexperience.SowhilechildrenmaylearnaboutthemagicofSantaClausfromadults,adultsmightsimilarlyhavesomethingtolearnfromelementaryschoolchildren:mostofuswoulddowelltoadoptanempiricalstancemoreoftenthanwecurrentlydo.32.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themethodologyofthestudy. B.Theconclusionofthestudy.C.Thesignificanceofthestudy. D.Thetheoreticalbasisofthestudy.33.Whichchild’sresponsematchestheempiricalstance?A.Taylorbelieveswhattheteachersaysnomatterwhat.B.Jordanthinkstheearthisflatbecausehisfathersaysso.C.Emmaassumesthewatermelonissweetandthentastesit.D.Mayasuspectstherearemonsterslivingintreesasthestorysays.34.Whatlessoncouldadultslearnfromchildren?A.Rejectingcomplexconcepts. B.Nevertrustinganyone.C.Learningfromtheirownexperience. D.Countingonothers’testimony.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofadult’sroleinchildren’seducationandgrowth.B.Toadvocateforamoreempiricalapproachtobeliefformationacrossallages.C.Toclarifyamisunderstandingaboutelementaryschoolstudents’learningability.D.Topersuadeadultstohelpchildrenridthemselvesofwrongideasabouttheworld.【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究探讨了儿童如何应对违背常识的说法。实验中，孩子们被要求判断不同大小的玩偶哪个最重。结果显示，尽管儿童最初相信成人的说法，但小学阶段的孩子会通过实验验证这些说法，从而更新自己的认知。这表明儿童在面对新信息时具备经验主义倾向。【32题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段中“Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.”（每个孩子面前都有五个大小不同的用俄罗斯彩绘娃娃制作的物品。）以及“Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.”（孩子们自然而然地认为最小的娃娃最轻，最大的娃娃最重。当被要求找出最重的物体时，大多数孩子都选择了最大的那个。然后，成人要么同意孩子们的选择，要么声称最小的娃娃是最重的。）可知第三段主要描述了研究的具体方法，包括研究对象、实验设计和过程，故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（发表在《发展心理学》上的一项研究探讨了儿童对与他们通常想法相反的想法的反应，以及他们是否将这些想法与他们的期望进行核对。）可知Emma假设西瓜是甜的，然后品尝验证，符合文章主旨，故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。倒数第三段中“Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs”（到了小学，他们会通过寻找新的证据来系统地检验这些说法，然后利用这些证据来更新自己的信念）可知，成年人可以从孩子身上学到从自身经验中学习的道理。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（发表在《发展心理学》上的一项研究探讨了儿童对与他们通常想法相反的想法的反应，以及他们是否将这些想法与他们的期望进行核对。）以及“Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.”（这种被称为“经验立场”的检查方式在孩子们上小学时就已经显现出来了。）并结合通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了儿童如何通过经验验证来形成信念，并建议各年龄段的人都应更多地采用这种经验立场，故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shamehasbeencalledour“mostdreadedemotionalexperience.”Weknowthefeelingonlytoowe:Ourpulsequickens.____36____Thefeelingissobadthatwewanttoescapeatallcosts.Herearesomethingsyouneedtoknowaboutshameandsometipsforhowtofeellessofit.Shameandguiltaredifferentemotions.Youfeelguiltywhenyouthinkyou’vedonesomethingwrong,butyoufeelshamewhenyoubelievethatyouarewrong.Whileguiltariseswhenyouhavemadeamistakeandcanfixit,shamedevelopswhenyouseeyourselfasthemistake.____37____Shamehaswarningsigns.Therearemanysignsthatyouareexperiencingshame.____38____Andwhensomeonebringsupsomethingyoufeelashamedabout,youmaylookdownandavoideyecontactandtalkinasoftvoice.____39____Shamecanleadtohighbloodpressure,stomachproblems,insomnia,alcoholordrugsaddiction,eatingdisorders.Onestudydeterminedthatexternalshame—thefearthatothersarejudgingtsnegatively—isassociatedwithanorexia,whileinter