海南省省直辖县级行政单位2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1海南省省直辖县级行政单位2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atnight.B．Inthemorning.C．Intheafternoon.2．Wherewasthewomanlastnight?A．Inapark.B．Atahospital.C．Athome.3．WhatshouldBettydoaccordingtotheman?A．Eatseafood.B．Haveagoodrest.C．Exercisemore.4．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inabank.B．Inarestaurant.C．Inasupermarket.5．Atwhattimewillthespeakersmeet?A．4:40.B．5:10.C．5:20.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatwillthemando?A．Openthewindows.B．Tidythethings.C．Cleanthefloor.7．Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldthings?A．Bydonatingthem.B．Byputtingtheminthecupboard.C．Bythrowingthemaway.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatdoesthemansayaboutnewspapers?A．They’reuseful.B．They’reoutoffashion.C．Noonereadsthemnow.9．Howoftendoesthemanbuymagazines?A．Onceaweek.B．Onceamonth.C．Onceayear.10．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A．Readingmagazinesinacafe.B．Readingbooksaboutfashion.C．Readingbooksinthesunnyafternoon.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．What’sthemostimportantasadesigneraccordingtotheman?A．Beingcreative.B．Beingsmart.C．Beinghard-working.12．Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasachild?A．Adesigner.B．Adoctor.C．Apilot.13．Whatwillthemantalkaboutnext?A．Waystofindjobs.B．Skillsnewemployeesneed.C．Thepresentworkingconditions.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhydoesthewomanrecommendLucy’sCafe?A．It’sverycheap.B．It’sanewrestaurant.C．Ithasawiderangeoffoods.15．Inwhichplacecanpeopleenjoyapleasantviewoftheriver?A．FoodBox.B．Lucy’sCafe.C．OldMill.16．WhatisaspecialtyofFoodBox?A．Coffee.B．Meat.C．Mushroomsoup.17．WhatisaproblemforpeoplewhowanttoeatattheFourSeasons?A．Parkingisdifficult.B．Theneighborhoodisbad.C．Theserviceisverypoor.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whattimedidtheexaminerleave?A．At10:55.B．At11:00.C．At11:05.19．Whydidtheexaminerleave?A．Heforgotthepaperwork.B．Hehadtogosomewhereelse.C．Hehadfinishedhiswork.20．Whatdoesthespeakerintendtotellthelistenerstodo?A．Beprepared.B．Trytobeontime.C．Neverfearfailure.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABesidesMarieCurie,thesewomendevotedtheirlivestoscienceandmadesignificantadvances.CarolineHerschel(1750—1848)Herschelwasill-treatedbyherparentsinHanoveruntilherolderbrother,William,broughthertoEnglandin1772torunhishouseholdinBath.Later,herbrotherswitchedcareersfromsingingandwentintoastronomy.Carolinefollowed.Inadditiontoassistingherbrotherinhisobservationsandinthebuildingoftelescopes,Carolinebecameabrilliantastronomerinherownright.Shewasthefirstwomantodiscoveracomet(shediscoveredeightintotal)andthefirsttohaveherworkpublishedbytheRoyalSociety.BarbaraMcClintock(1902—1992)WhilestudyingbotanyatCornellUniversityinthe1920s,BarbaraMcClintockgotherfirsttasteofgeneticsandwashooked.ShecontinuedherresearchatuniversitiesinCalifornia,MissouriandGermanybeforefindingapermanenthomeatColdSpringHarborinNewYork.Itwastherethat,afterobservingthepatternsofcolorationof;cornkernelsovergenerationsofplants,shedeterminedthatgenescouldmovewithinandbetweenchromosomes.McClintockwasawardedaLaskerPrizein1981andNobelPrizein1983.MariaGoeppertMayer(1906—1972)AGermanimmigranttotheUSwhostudiedatJohnsHopkinsduringtheGreatDepression,MariaGoeppertMayer,bornin1906,continuedherstudiesevenwhennouniversitywouldemployherandwentontobecomeachemicalphysicist.Hermostfamouscontributiontomodernphysicsisdiscoveringthenuclearshelloftheatomicnucleus,forwhichshewontheNobelPrizein1963.ShewasthesecondwomantowinaNobelPrize,afterMarieCurie.1.WhomightCarolineHerschelbemostgratefultoforherachievementsinastronomy?A.Herparents. B.Herbrother.C.TheRoyalSociety. D.Astronomersofhertime.2.HowdidBarbaraMcClintockdrawthefinalconclusion?A.Bytastingcornkernels. B.Bymakingroughguesses.C.Bymakingcarefulobservations. D.Byresearchingatuniversities.3.WhowasthefirstwomanNobelPrizewinner?A.CarolineHerschel. B.BarbaraMcClintock.C.MariaGoeppertMayer. D.MarieCurie.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了科学界三位伟大的女性以及她们所做出的巨大贡献和成就。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herschelwasill-treatedbyherparentsinHanoveruntilherolderbrother,William,broughthertoEnglandin1772torunhishouseholdinBath.Later,herbrotherswitchedcareersfromsingingandwentintoastronomy.Carolinefollowed.Inadditiontoassistingherbrotherinhisobservationsandinthebuildingoftelescopes,Carolinebecameabrilliantastronomerinherownright.(Herschel在汉诺威受到父母的虐待，直到她的哥哥William在1772年把她带到英国，在巴斯经营他的家庭。后来，她的哥哥改变了职业，不再唱歌，而是进入了天文学领域。Caroline紧随其后。除了协助她哥哥进行观测和建造望远镜外，Caroline自己也成为一名出色的天文学家)”可知，CarolineHerschel在天文学方面的成就可能最要感谢她的哥哥。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BarbaraMcClintock部分中“Itwastherethat,afterobservingthepatternsofcolorationof;cornkernelsovergenerationsofplants,shedeterminedthatgenescouldmovewithinandbetweenchromosomes.(就是在那里，在观察了它的颜色模式之后；经过几代植物的玉米粒，她确定基因可以在染色体内部和染色体之间移动)”可知，BarbaraMcClintock是通过观察几代玉米粒的着色规律而得出最终结论的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MariaGoeppertMayer部分中“ShewasthesecondwomantowinaNobelPrize,afterMarieCurie.(她是继居里夫人之后第二位获得诺贝尔奖的女性)”可知，居里夫人是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选D。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A.Scared. B.Puzzled.C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.HehadaknowledgeofChina.C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D.HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theysetoffinhighspirits.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A.Toshareandreflectonajourney. B.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，这在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩科，于是决定陪保罗在云南徒步旅行，本文描写了他们一路上的见闻和感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗•萨洛佩科要用自己的双脚环游整个地球时，我被震撼了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。)”可推知，作者最初对保罗的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他兴奋地跟我讲起我所在的中国地区的历史、移民和发现。他谈到了南方丝绸之路——蜀身毒道，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行，茶马古道，以及20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫•洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为其中许多人都是英雄，从某种意义上说，他们是中国慢新闻的先驱。)”可推知，保罗•萨洛佩科对中国有一定的了解。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围着我们，看着我们；有人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们去他们家休息；一些人谈到了家乡的魅力。我们遇见了许多美丽的灵魂、朴素的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的思想行走。)”可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗遇到了形形色色的人，他们与人们建立了联系。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.(回顾我和保罗一起走过的200多英里，我有了一个认识。为步行而步行，虽然健康和令人钦佩，但只是用我们双脚移动的一小部分好处。更深层次的回报是重新发现我们周围的世界，缩短彼此之间的距离，分享彼此的文化。)”并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，这里在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩科，于是决定陪保罗去云南，文章描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。CDoyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI’mjustakid”,youmightbe!Don’tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.Forexample,onefamousinventor,BenjaminFranklin,gothisstartwhenhewasonly12.Atthatyoungage,hecreatedpaddlesforhishandstohelphimswimfaster.Finallyhiscreationledtowhatweknowiscalledflippers!Soyoudon’thavetobeadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention?Talktoafriendorfamilymemberaboutit.Getinputfromothersaboutyouridea.Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—calledaprototype(原型)ofyouridea.Onceyouhaveaprototype,youcantestit.Sometimesyourideaturnsouttobenotasgreatasyouthought.Atothertimes,though,yourealizeitisagoodideaandyourprototypecanhelpyoufigureouthowtomakeitevenbetter.Ifyourideaisreallyagoodone,anadultcanhelpyoucontactcompaniesthatmightbeinterestedinit.Youwillalsowantanadult’shelptogetapatentforyouridea,sothatitisprotectedandcan’tbestolenbysomeoneelse.Ifyouneedsomeinspiration,considerthesekidsandtheirinventions.JeanieLowinventedtheKiddieStoolwhenshewasjust11.It’safoldingstoolthatfitsunderthekitchensink.Kidscanunfolditanduseittoreachthesinkallbythemselves.Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.ChelseaLanmonreceivedapatentwhenshewasjust8forthe“pocketdiaper(尿布)”,anewtypeofdiaperthatincludesapocketforholdingbabywipesandpowder.8.Bysaying“ButI’mjustakid”,youprobablymeanyou_______.A.aretooyoungtoachieveanythingB.candoanythingthoughyouareyoungC.areoldenoughtobecomeaninventorD.havetolearnknowledgefromotherpeople9.Kidsaremostlikelytobeinventorsprobablybecausethey__________.A.wouldliketomakefriendswithothersB.usuallyworkhardattheirlessonsatschoolC.likeplayingallkindsoftoysathomeD.thinkaboutthingsinquitedifferentways10.Whoinventedsomethingthathelpstheblindtoread?A.JeannieLow.B.BenjaminFranklin.C.ChelseaLanmon.D.LouisBraille.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethemainideaofthispassage?A.Kidshavecuriosityandimagination.B.Therearesomeworldfamousinventors.C.Itispossibleforkidstobeinventors.D.Kidsareexactlylikeadultsinaway.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是孩子们也有可能成为发明家，以及孩子们如何才能把自己的想法变为发明。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段关键句“Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.”（你有想象力吗？你喜欢解决问题吗？你能吗？如果是这样，你可能会成为下一个伟大的发明家。）可知，第一段阐述的是如果你有想象力且喜欢解决问题，你有可能会成为发明家。“ButI’mjustakid”字面意思是“但我只是个孩子”，结合上文句子可推断出，这里想表达的是，我只是个孩子，即使我有想象力，也不可能会成为发明家，由此可知，通过说“ButI’mjustakid”，你想表达的是“你太年轻了，什么都做不了”，无法成为发明家。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“Soyoudon’thavetobeadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.”（所以你不必是成年人才可以成为发明家。不过，有一件事你确实需要，那就是孩子们有足够的好奇心和想象力。孩子们因为以新颖独特的方式看待事物而闻名。）可知，孩子们可以成为发明家，因为他们有好奇心和想象力，并且看待事物的方式新颖且独特，由此可知，孩子们最有可能成为发明家，可能是因为他们用和成年人不太相同的方式思考问题。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段内容“Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.”（15岁时，LouisBraille发明了以他的名字命名的系统，允许盲人阅读。）可知，LouisBraille发明的系统可以帮助盲人阅读，由此可知，LouisBraille发明了帮助盲人阅读的东西。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第一段关键句“Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI’mjustakid”,youmightbe!Don’tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.”（你有想象力吗？你喜欢解决问题吗？你能吗？如果是这样，你可能会成为下一个伟大的发明家。“但我只是个孩子”，你可能是！不要担心年龄之类的小事。）可知，文章主要介绍了孩子也可能成为发明家，且文章最后三段分别列举了“JeanieLow”、“LouisBraille”和“ChelseaLanmon”三个发明家的例子，他们都是年纪不大的孩子，由此可知，文章主要讲的是孩子们也有可能成为发明家。故选C项。DWhenafriend,partnerorfamilymemberisupset,you’veprobablywonderedhowbesttomakethemfeelbetter.Offerachocolatebar?Givethemspacesotheycanhaveagoodcry?Aresearchsuggeststhatoneofthemostpowerfulwaystocomfortothersistostartaconversation.Wordsplayapowerfulroleinmouldingpeople’semotions(情感).People’sbrainsarefinelyawareoftheinformationtheygetfromothers,andthey’re“constantlyusingitasfeedback(反馈)tochangetheirbehaviors,”saidRaziaSahi,leaderoftheresearch.Butthewordsweusetocomfortothersmatter.Theresearchshowsthattellingpeopletheyshouldn’tfeelsobadmakesthemfeelworse.Researcherslistenedinon228phonecallsbetweencustomersandcustomerservicerepresentativeswhodealtwithmedical-relatedcomplaints(投诉).Whentherepresentativestoldtheupsetcustomersto“calmdown”or“relax”,thecustomerstypicallybecameangrier.“Thesewordsbackfirebecausetheysuggesttheperson’sfeelingsareimproper,orthattheiremotionsarestrongerthanthesituationcallsfor,”Ms.Sahiexplained.Someformsofverbalsupporthavebeenfoundtobehelpful.Ms.Sahistatedthatfriendsconsiderphraseslike,“Iunderstandwhyyoufeelthatway”or“Thatsoundsveryhard”—tobeespeciallycomforting.Otherformsofsupport,suchashelpingsomeonebelievethingswillimproveorencouragingapersontoseethesituationfromanewview,alsohelp.Andsometimes,thosekindsofresponsesmayevenbemoreusefulinthelongrun.Althoughitcanbehardtoknowhowbesttocomfortsomeone,Dr.Zakiemphasizedthatweshouldbeconfidentthatourattemptswillbeappreciated.Inotherwords,whatismostimportantisnotthatyousaytherightthing,butyouarethereandtrytohelp.“Wecanmakeadifferencetootherpeoplewithrelativelylittleeffort,”Dr.Zakisaid.“Sometimesjustbeingthereisallthatyouneedtodo.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moulding”meaninparagraph2?A.Exchanging. B.Improving. C.Shaping. D.Illustrating.13.Whydidthecustomersbecomeangrier?A.Theywereimpolitelydealtwith. B.Theytendedtobeemotionaleasily.C.Theyfailedtobettertheirsituation. D.Theywerethoughttobeoveracting.14.Whatkindsofsupportwillbemorehelpfulinthelongrun?A.Promisestohelp. B.Comfortsfromfriends.C.Wordsofencouragement. D.Responsestothecomplaints.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutcomfortingothersfromDr.Zaki’swords?A.Itishardformostpeople. B.Confidenceisnecessary.C.Yourpresencemattersalot. D.Littleeffortisneeded.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是主动开始交谈。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Aresearchsuggeststhatoneofthemostpowerfulwaystocomfortothersistostartaconversation.”（一项研究表明，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是主动开始交谈。）可知，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是交谈，以及划线单词句中的“Wordsplayapowerfulrolein…”（言语发挥作用……）。可推知，划线单词moulding为“塑造”的意思，结合选项C项Shaping“塑造”意思一致。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Whentherepresentativestoldtheupsetcustomersto“calmdown”or“relax”,thecustomerstypicallybecameangrier.“Thesewordsbackfirebecausetheysuggesttheperson’sfeelingsareimproper,orthattheiremotionsarestrongerthanthesituationcallsfor,”Ms.Sahiexplained.”（当客服代表告诉沮丧的客户“冷静”或“放松”时，客户通常会变得更加愤怒。“这些话会适得其反，因为它们表明这个人的感觉是不恰当的，或者他们的情绪比情况需要的更强烈，”萨希解释说。）可推知，顾客变得更愤怒了是因为他们被认为是小题大做。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Otherformsofsupport,suchashelpingsomeonebelievethingswillimproveorencouragingapersontoseethesituationfromanewview,alsohelp.Andsometimes,thosekindsofresponsesmayevenbemoreusefulinthelongrun.”（其他形式的支持，如帮助某人相信事情会改善或鼓励一个人从新的角度看情况，也有帮助。有时，从长远来看，这些反应可能更有用。）可知，从长远来看，鼓励的话，这样的支持更有帮助。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Inotherwords,whatismostimportantisnotthatyousaytherightthing,butyouarethereandtrytohelp.“Wecanmakeadifferencetootherpeoplewithrelativelylittleeffort,”Dr.Zakisaid.“Sometimesjustbeingthereisallthatyouneedtodo.””（换句话说，最重要的不是你说了正确的事情，而是你在那里并试图帮助。“我们可以用相对较少的努力来改变别人，”扎基博士说。“有时候你只需要在那里就够了。”）可知，我们能从扎基博士的话中了解到安慰他人时，你的存在很重要。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theroadtolearninghowtotakepersonalresponsibilitycanbeadifficultone,butstartingsimplereallyworks.___16___Hereissomeadviceyouneedtofollow.●Focusonthebasicsofyourjourney.Justliketheocean,ourlifehasmanyupsanddowns.Ifyoustartbuildingasolidsailboat,youcanwithstand(经受)theweather.Thesolidboatrepresentsyourbasicneeds:safety,self-esteem(自尊)andconnectionwithothers.___17___●Openyoursailsandbewillingtofail.Donotlaytoomuchstressonthedestination.Justheadintherightdirection.___18___You’resupposedtotakethecouragetoreallyopenyoursails.Whenyoudevoteyourselftowhatyouaredoing,youwillforgetaboutyourinsecuritiesandworries.●___19___Asyousailthroughlife,areyoumakinggoalsandplans,orareyousimplylettingthingshappenandwatchinglifepass?Workingongoalsettingenablesyoutomeasureyourprogressandtakeresponsibilityforallyouhaveandhaven’tdonetoachievethem.●Liveinthemoment.Asyou’removingthroughtheoceanofyourlife,areyoureallyconcentratingoneachpresentmoment,orareyourthoughtssetonthepastandfuture?Doyoucomplainaboutmistakesothersmadethatforcedyouintoadifficultposition?___20___Starttakingpersonalresponsibilityforeachthoughtandemotionthatpassesthroughyou.A.Reachyourgoals.B.Moveforwardwithintention.C.Thenbegintotacklethemoredifficultaspects.D.Socheckinandmakesurethattheyarebeingmet.E.Stopblamingothersorsituationsifyoureallywanttoenjoyeachmoment.F.Everyonecanedgeclosertothatstagethroughtakingpersonalresponsibility.G.Youmustenjoythesailbyfindingpurposeandfollowingthatdesiretoexplore.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要就如何承担个人责任提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“butstartingsimplereallyworks(但从简单开始确实有效)”可知，上文介绍从简单开始学习如何承担个人责任。C项“Thenbegintotacklethemoredifficultaspects.(然后开始解决更困难的方面。)”中的“Then”和“themoredifficult”分别承接上文的“starting”和“simple”，符合语境，故选C项。【17题详解】根据上文“Thesolidboatrepresentsyourbasicneeds:safety,self-esteem(自尊)andconnectionwithothers.(坚固的船代表了你的基本需求：安全、自尊和与他人的联系。)”可知，上文介绍了人的基本需求。D项“Socheckinandmakesurethattheyarebeingmet.(所以请检查并确保他们得到了满足。)”中的they指代上文的basicneeds，且met与needs呼应，符合语境，故选D项。【18题详解】根据下文“You’resupposedtotakethecouragetoreallyopenyoursails.Whenyoudevoteyourselftowhatyouaredoing,youwillforgetaboutyourinsecuritiesandworries.(你应该鼓起勇气，真正打开你的风帆。当你全身心投入到你正在做的事情中时，你会忘记你的不安全感和担忧。)”可知，下文讲到应鼓起勇气，全身心投入到你正在做的事情。G项“Youmustenjoythesailbyfindingpurposeandfollowingthatdesiretoexplore.(你必须通过寻找目标和追随探索的欲望来享受航行。)”符合语境，故选G项。【19题详解】空格处为本段小标题，根据其它小标题的句式结构可知，此处应为祈使句。根据下文“Workingongoalsettingenablesyoutomeasureyourprogressandtakeresponsibilityforallyouhaveandhaven’tdonetoachievethem.(通过设定目标，你可以衡量自己的进步，并对自己为实现目标所做的一切和没有做的一切负责。)”可知，本段主要讲到要设定目标。B项“Moveforwardwithintention.(有目的地向前迈进。)”最能概括本段主旨，故选B项。【20题详解】根据上文“Doyoucomplainaboutmistakesothersmadethatforcedyouintoadifficultposition?(你是否会抱怨别人犯的错误迫使你陷入困境？)”可知，上文设问你是否会抱怨别人犯的错误。下文“Starttakingpersonalresponsibilityforeachthoughtandemotionthatpassesthroughyou.(开始为你的每一个想法和情绪承担个人责任。)”讲到要承担个人责任。E项“Stopblamingothersorsituationsifyoureallywanttoenjoyeachmoment.(如果你真的想享受每一刻，就不要责怪别人或情况。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydadwasafarmer.Heneverregardedanyoneasa____21____.Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson,andhisfavoritethingtodowasto____22____theirincome.OncewewereatChicago’sO’HareAirport,andmydadwassittingwithmeasIwaswaitingformy____23____.ARussianwomanwhocouldnotspeakawordofEnglishsatnexttomydad,butthatdidnot____24____him.Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.Iwasashypersonandusedtobesomewhat____25____bythis.Mymomwasavery____26____personaswell,soshewas____27____bythistoo.Butmymomtoldmeastoryabouthowshewasinthedoctor’sofficewithdadandhowhewashis____28____self-talkingtoothersallthetimeinthewaitingroom.Mydadevenstartedtalkingtoayoungmaninawheelchairwhocouldneither____29____normovehisarmsorhead.He_____30_____coulddonothing.Butmydadstillkeptaskinghimquestionsandfinallygottheyoungmantosmilein_____31_____.Andhecarriedonlikethatwiththe_____32_____manuntilhewascalledbacktothedoctor’soffice.Thenthefatheroftheyoungmancameover_____33_____mydad’shandandsaid,“Thankyoufor_____34_____tomysonandmostpeoplejustturnawaywhentheyseehim.”HearingthatIrealizedthatmyfather’s_____35_____oftalkingcouldmakeadifference.21.A.leader B.partner C.visitor D.stranger22.A.lookinto B.setdown C.findout D.addto23.A.boat B.flight C.train D.bus24.A.attract B.shock C.encourage D.stop25.A.embarrassed B.touched C.excited D.frightened26.A.outgoing B.private C.honest D.active27.A.moved B.inspired C.bothered D.threatened28.A.boring B.ordinary C.rare D.usual29.A.act B.smile C.talk D.drive30.A.gradually B.actually C.entirely D.merely31.A.conclusion B.surprise C.power D.response32.A.confident B.disabled C.nervous D.normal33.A.shook B.struck C.washed D.waved34.A.sticking B.opening C.speaking D.reacting35.A.love B.way C.kindness D.control【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲是个爱说话的人，从不把任何人当作陌生人，可以和任何人交谈，开始的时候父亲的行为让作者感到尴尬。最后，残疾年轻人的父亲来感谢作者的父亲，让作者意识到，父亲对说话的热爱可能会给其他人带来一些改变。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从不把任何人当作陌生人。A.leader领导；B.partner伙伴；C.visitor参观者；D.stranger陌生人。根据下文“Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson”可知，父亲从不把任何人当作陌生人对待，他可以和任何人交谈。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他真的可以和任何人交谈，而他最喜欢做的事就是弄清楚他们的收入。A.lookinto调查；B.setdown放下；C.findout查明，弄清楚；D.addto增加。根据“theirincome”以及“Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”可知，父亲喜欢去弄清楚别人的收入。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们在芝加哥的奥黑尔机场，我在等飞机的时候，爸爸坐在我旁边。A.boat船；B.flight航班；C.train火车；D.bus公交车。根据上文“OncewewereatChicago’sO’HareAirport”可知，是在机场等待飞机。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位不会说英语的俄罗斯妇女坐在我父亲旁边，但这并没有阻止他与她交谈。A.attract吸引；B.shock使震惊；C.encourage鼓励；D.stop阻止，阻碍。根据下文“Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”可知，即使对方不会说英语，也没能阻止父亲去弄清别人的家庭情况和收入。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个害羞的人，曾经为此感到有些尴尬。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.touched感动的；C.excited激动的；D.frightened害怕的。根据上文“Iwasashyperson”可知，作者本来就害羞，所以对父亲的这一做法肯定是感到有些尴尬的。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈也是一个非常注重隐私的人，所以她也会为此烦恼。A.outgoing开朗的；B.private私人的；C.honest诚实的；D.active活跃的。根据上文“hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”以及下文“soshewas________bythistoo.”可知，母亲也为父亲的行为所烦恼，说明母亲是个注重隐私的人不喜欢打听别人的私事。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.moved感动；B.inspired激励；C.bothered烦恼；D.threatened威胁。根据上文“Mymomwasavery________personaswell”可知母亲注重隐私，所以父亲的行为让她烦恼。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我妈妈给我讲了一个故事，关于她是如何和爸爸一起在医生办公室的，以及他是如何像往常一样在候诊室里和别人自言自语的。A.boring厌烦的；B.ordinary普通的；C.rare罕见的；D.usual通常的。根据上文“Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson,andhisfavoritethingtodowasto________theirincome.”可知作者的父亲像往常一样，在候诊室里和别人说话，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲甚至开始和一个坐在轮椅上的年轻人交谈，他既不能说话，也不能移动他的手臂和头部。A.act行动；B.smile微笑；C.talk谈话；D.drive驾驶。根据下文“normovehisarmsorhead”可知那个人可能也不能说话。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他实际上什么也做不了。A.gradually逐渐地；B.actually事实上；C.entirely完全地；D.merely仅仅。根据上文“Mydadevenstartedtalkingtoayoungmaninawheelchairwhocouldneither________normovehisarmsorhead.”以及下文“finallygottheyoungmantosmilein_____”可知，年轻人既不能说话，又不能移动他的手臂和头部，实际上就是什么都做不了。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但爸爸还是不停地问他问题，最后那个年轻人以微笑回应，A.conclusion结论；B.surprise惊讶；C.power力量；D.response反应。根据上文“Butmydadstillkeptaskinghimquestionsandfinallygottheyoungmantosmile”可知，父亲一直不停问年轻人问题，最终得到了年轻人的微笑作为回应。inresponse为固定短语，意为“作为回应