【高考英语】备战高考易错题（新高考专用）易错点纠错练03 名词与构词法含答案及解析

易错点纠错练03名词与构词法目录01单句语法填空易错题通关练02升级强化练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．The(divide)ofEuropeintocountriesistheresultofitscomplicatedhistory.2．SarahBrownwasshowingalookof(impatient),rollinghereyes,sighingandcheckingherwatcheveryfewseconds.3．Andin2011,livestockexportstoIndonesiawerestoppedafterevidenceof(cruel)emergedthere.4．Theinstitutionwouldonlyconsidersellingworksbylivingartistswiththeir(permit).5．Forthesestudentsit’s(pronounce)that’stheproblem.6．Moreover,thesugarpaintingartistshavegainedincreasing(recognize).7．Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacethatwelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.8．Inaword,his(fail)inthefinalexamdidnotsurpriseme.9．Itishightimethatweshouldtake(measure)toprotectendangeredanimals.10．Thebirthofhersonwasaminor

(interrupt)toher.11．Theoriginaltextisherefor(refer).12．Itisobviousthatthereisno(short)ofnoodledishesandnoodlesouprecipesinChina.13．Thisbowlofhotspicydelightseemssimplebuthascontributedtonoodle(chain)acrossBeijing.14．Hearguedagainstsmoking,andinsistedthatitwasbeyond(argue)thatsmokingdidharmtowell-being.15．Itissaidthathewillgivea(perform)inourcitynextmonth.16．WhenMichaelJacksondied,MTVquicklyassembledareelofthesinger’s(perform)andspreaditaroundtheworld.17．Manypeople’s(prefer)tofoodseemstohavenothingtodowithnutrition.18．Wehavealwaysbeenfilledwith(admire)tohearthetouchingstoriesofvillagers’tirelesseffortinshakingoffpoverty.19．Lisawouldn’tputupwiththejobanymore.Shehadabig(argue)withherbossandresigned.20．Luckilythedisabledgirlwaspickedoutfromhundredsof(apply)forthevoluntaryjob.21．Iwishtomakea(complain)aboutacamerawhichIpurchasedatyourplaceaweekago.22．OnMonday,theirexperimentalapproachtoalleviating(poor)wonthemthe2019NobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicScience.23．ForeachOlympics,aspecialvillageisbuiltforathletestolivein,several(stadium)forcompetition,andagymnasiumaswell.24．Hecan’twaittogethisfather’s(approve).25．Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthcameinto(exist),asithappenedsolongago.26．InChineseculture,bambooisknownasoneofthe“fourgentlemen”inplarits.ToChinesepeople,bambooisasymbolof(strong)andmodesty.Itisalwayscloselyrelatedtopeopleofpositivespirits.27．Peoplehavefinallyrealizedthatitistheir(responsible)toprotectthisgreatriver.28．Hespenttwonightsunderclose(observe)inhospital.29．Anewmusicformemerged,calledtriphop,a(mix)ofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic.30．Thisalsoreflectedthegender(balance)inuseofemojisingeneralandtheSimejikeyboardinparticular.31．Inaddition,itsuseoffiberconcreteisunique,whichstrengthenstheearthquake(resist).32．Childrenwillaskallkindsofquestions.Tomeettheir(curious),we’dbetteranswerthem.33．ChineseTVdramashavegainedincreasing(popular)amongviewersinGhana.34．Itisadesirableannual(compete)forphotographers.35．Ifyouchoosethiscareer,you’llmeetinterestingpeople,earnagoodsalaryandworkinpleasant___(surround).36．Aftergraduatingfromthecollege,hemadean(apply)totheschoolforajobasateacher.37．Theletterwasn’taddressedtomebutIopeneditoutof(curious).38．In(compare)withthenationalaverage,BrightonhasnearlyathirdmorehealthfoodstoresandpersonaltrainersthanthoseinanyothercityinBritain.39．Bea(consult)toyourchildasheplays.40．(commercial)introduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.41．Ofallthe(consult),onlyMr.Wanggaveussomeproposalinpoint.42．Thearmyintendstotakethecityorsimplystarveditinto(submit).43．Thesecharitiesappealtothecompassionatefeelingsand(generous)ofthegeneralpublic.44．Thespecialistscollectbloodsamplesfor(analyze)atanationallaboratory.45．His(cruel)tothecatinthevideomadethenetizensquiteangry.46．Imadean(apologise)tohimformymisunderstandingofhiskindness.47．Thereisnodoubtthathedeservesthetitle“outstandingplayerofhis(generate)”.48．Thisapproachisbasedonthe(assume)thatpeoplewillbemostinterestedintheactivitiestheychooseforthemselves.49．Intheepidemicof1916,a(physical)coulddolittleforthethousandswhofellill.50．Chinahascontributedtothe(stable)andbalanceofglobaleconomicdevelopment.51．Tohandlethisproblem,Iwouldliketoproposesevenpractical(recommend)asfollows.52．Thisdrughasoneimportant(limit).Itseffectsonlylastsixhours.53．Simpleactsofkindnessand（generous）canbeseeneverywhere.54．However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweightywarningaboutenvironmental(destroy).55．Thekeytosuccessasaromantic(novel)isabsolutebeliefinyourstory.56．Whatmakesthewriteruniqueisnotonlyhisgreatworksbutalsohis(commit)towhatheloves.57．Afteran(analyse)ofthespecies,theresearchteamconfirmeditasanewspecies.58．Inthisseasideresort,youcanenjoyallthecomfortand(convenient)ofmoderntourism.59．Theexact(location)arebeingkeptsecretforreasonsofsecurity.60．ThelegendaryDragonGatewasbuiltusing(material)donatedfromChina.61．Sheputallher(energy)intoherwork.62．Itwasa(relieve)forustopicksomeorangestogetherwithmyclassmateslastweekend.63．Playingbasketballhelpsmetobuildupmy(strengthen)andbecomemoreconfident.64．Pleaseallowmetocongratulateyouwithallmyheartonyourgreat(achieve).65．Totheir(disappoint),theirsondidn’trecoverfromhisillness.66．Tomygreat(amaze),heisentirelyaddictedtoabusingdrugs.67．Wehaveafamily(gather)regularlysothatwecankeepinclosetouchwithourfamilymembers.68．Ihavesavedupmythreeyears’(earn)andhaveitallsafeinmypocket.69．Hemadeitclearthathehadno(intend)tojoinusintheactivity.70．Thepatientmadeaquick(recover)fromhisoperation.71．Hiscourageanddeterminationwereasourceof(inspire)toothers.72．Smilingandlaughinghasactuallybeenshowntorelieve(tense)andstress.73．Thetwojournalistsfollowedataproper(distant).74．Whetherhecomeshereornotmakesno(differ)tous.75．Wetook(act)atoncewhenweheardthenewsthatafloodwasontheway.76．A(journal)isapersonwhosejobistocollectnewsandwriteaboutitfornewspapers,magazines,television,orradio.77．Asaboygrowingupneartheocean,Ilikewatching(surf)competitions.78．Sittingaloneinfrontofamirror，theperformeradmiredher(reflect)．79．Judgingfromherface,thepersoninchargemusthavenewsofgreat(excite)totellus.80．Thetalentedgirlhasanexcellent(memorize)fornames,whichhelpsherquitealotinherwork.二、语法填空1.阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。Redenvelopeshaveplayed81importantpartinChineseNewYearforaslongasanyonecanremember.Sowhat’sthestorybehindtheredenvelopesduringChineseNewYear?Onepopularstory82(date)backtotheQinDynasty,whentheelderlywouldthreadcoinsontoaredstring.Thismoney83(call)yasuiqianinChinese,meaning“moneyprotectingoneselffromevilspirits”,andwasbelievedtoprotectelderpeoplefromsicknessand84(die).Astheprintingpressbecamemorecommon,theyasuiqianwasreplaced85redenvelopes.Anotherlegendtellsofavillage86ademon(恶魔)wouldterrorizechildrenatnight.Itwasbelievedthatthedemonwouldtouchthechildren’sheadswhiletheywereasleep,87(cause)seriousillness.Fromthere,atheoryemergedthatwhentheyprayed,thegodwouldsendeightfairiestoprotectthechild.Thefairieswoulddisguise(伪装)88(they)aseightcoinsandhideunderthechild’spillow.Whenthedemongotclose,thecoinswouldbegintoshinevery89(bright),blindingthedemon.Wordbegantospreadandthevillagersstartedgivingredenvelopes90(fill)withcoinstoeachothertoputundertheirpillowsatnight.Astimepassed,redenvelopesbecameawaytobringgoodluckandprosperitytothereceiver.2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Forthefirsttimein94years,thePalaceMuseumhasextendeditsopeninghours,allowingthepublictocelebratetheLanternFestivalatnightintheancientpalace.About3,000luckyvisitorsreceivedfreeticketsfromthegovernment,among91wasZhangZhifu,a77-year-oldpublicsecurityvolunteer.It’samarkofgratitudeforhervolunteerwork.“Itis

92(true)anhonortobegrantedthisspecialprivilege,”Zhangsaid.Toguaranteethe93(safe)ofthepalace,festivalorganizers94(plan)thisyear’sLanternFestivaleventusedLEDlightsratherthantraditionalpaperlanternsandredcandles.It’safascinatingeventforvisitorstoabsorb95(they)inthefestiveatmosphereinthemuseum.Discussionofthe

PalaceMuseum’snewlooklitupsocialmediafollowingTuesday’sdisplay.SincehebecamedirectorofthePalaceMuseum,ShanJixiang96(bring)manychangestotheworld’s97(large)royalcomplex(建筑群).Onceinaspeechthe64-year-olddirectorsharedhisideaabouthowtomaketraditional98(treasure)comealiveagain.“99matterstoamuseumisnothowmanyvisitorstheyhave,buthowclosetheyare100people’sdailylives,”hesaid.

易错点纠错练03名词与构词法目录01单句语法填空易错题通关练02升级强化练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．The(divide)ofEuropeintocountriesistheresultofitscomplicatedhistory.【答案】division【详解】考查名词。句意：欧洲的国家分裂是其复杂历史的结果。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作主语，divide的名词形式为division，结合谓语动词is可知，应填division表示“划分，分裂”，此处为不可数名词。故填division。2．SarahBrownwasshowingalookof(impatient),rollinghereyes,sighingandcheckingherwatcheveryfewseconds.【答案】impatience【详解】考查名词。句意：萨拉·布朗一副不耐烦的样子，翻白眼，叹气，每隔几秒钟就看一次表。在介词of后应用名词impatience表示“不耐烦”。故填impatience。3．Andin2011,livestockexportstoIndonesiawerestoppedafterevidenceof(cruel)emergedthere.【答案】cruelty【详解】考查名词。句意：2011年，在印尼出现虐待牲畜的证据后，美国停止了对印尼的牲畜出口。根据“evidenceof”可知，空处需填名词作介词的宾语，cruel作形容词，表示“残忍的”，名词cruelty表示“残忍，虐待”表示抽象含义时，是不可数名词。故填cruelty。4．Theinstitutionwouldonlyconsidersellingworksbylivingartistswiththeir(permit).【答案】permission【详解】考查名词。句意：该机构只会在获得在世艺术家许可的情况下考虑出售他们的作品。分析句子，设空处使用permit的名词作宾语，意为“许可”，为不可数名词，故填permission。5．Forthesestudentsit’s(pronounce)that’stheproblem.【答案】pronunciation【详解】考查名词。句意：对这些学生来说，发音才是问题所在。分析句子可知，句子使用了强调句型，强调主语，故空处用名词形式pronunciation作主语，不可数名词，故填pronunciation。6．Moreover,thesugarpaintingartistshavegainedincreasing(recognize).【答案】recognition【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，糖画艺术家也得到了越来越多的认可。根据“increasing”可知空处需填名词作宾语，recognize作动词，表示“认可”。名词recognition是不可数名词。故填recognition。7．Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacethatwelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.【答案】wonders【详解】考查名词。句意：但除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。根据形容词“architectural”可知，空处需填名词作介词with的宾语，wonder作名词，表示“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，此处表示21世纪的众多建筑奇迹，故用名词复数。故填wonders。8．Inaword,his(fail)inthefinalexamdidnotsurpriseme.【答案】failure【详解】考查名词。句意：总之，他期末考试不及格并没有使我感到惊讶。空前his是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，fail的名词形式是failure。故填failure。9．Itishightimethatweshouldtake(measure)toprotectendangeredanimals.【答案】measures【详解】考查名词的数。句意：该是我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。固定短语takemeasures“采取措施”。根据句意，故填measures。10．Thebirthofhersonwasaminor

(interrupt)toher.【答案】interruption【详解】考查名词。句意：她儿子的出生对她来说是个小小的干扰。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该用名词作表语，interruption意为“阻断物”，为可数名词，且其前有a，所以这里应用名词单数。故填interruption。11．Theoriginaltextisherefor(refer).【答案】reference【详解】考查名词。句意；这里有原文供参考。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，refer的名词形式为reference，表抽象意义，不可数，故填reference。12．Itisobviousthatthereisno(short)ofnoodledishesandnoodlesouprecipesinChina.【答案】shortage【详解】考查名词。句意：很明显，在中国并不缺少面食和面汤食谱。no后跟名词，short的名词是shortage，意为“短缺”，thereisnoshortageof意为“不缺少”，因此空格处是shortage。故填shortage。13．Thisbowlofhotspicydelightseemssimplebuthascontributedtonoodle(chain)acrossBeijing.【答案】chains【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这碗热辣的美味看似简单，却促成了北京各地的面食连锁店。空处作contributedto的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，且结合acrossBeijing可知，应该是多家面食连锁店，可数名词chain应用复数形式。故填chains。14．Hearguedagainstsmoking,andinsistedthatitwasbeyond(argue)thatsmokingdidharmtowell-being.【答案】argument【详解】考查名词。句意：他反对吸烟，并坚持认为吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。根据“beyond”可知，空处需填名词或动名词。argue作动词，表示“争论”，名词是argument,短语beyondargument表示“毋庸置疑，无可争辩”，符合句意。故填argument。15．Itissaidthathewillgivea(perform)inourcitynextmonth.【答案】performance【详解】考查名词。句意：据说下个月他将在我们市演出。此处作宾语，应用名词performance“表演”，可数名词，由不定冠词可知，应用名词单数形式。故填performance。16．WhenMichaelJacksondied,MTVquicklyassembledareelofthesinger’s(perform)andspreaditaroundtheworld.【答案】performances【详解】考查名词。句意：迈克尔·杰克逊去世后，MTV迅速制作了一系列这位歌手的表演，并将其传播到世界各地。空前是名词所有格thesinger’s，所以空处填名词，perform的名词是performance表示“表演”，由areelof可知用名词复数，即performances。故填performances。17．Manypeople’s(prefer)tofoodseemstohavenothingtodowithnutrition.【答案】preference【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人对食物的偏好似乎与营养无关。根据空前的people’s，空处应用名词作主语，所以有应用preference，意为“偏爱，偏好”，为不可数名词。故填preference。18．Wehavealwaysbeenfilledwith(admire)tohearthetouchingstoriesofvillagers’tirelesseffortinshakingoffpoverty.【答案】admiration【详解】考查名词。句意：每当听到村民们为摆脱贫困而不懈奋斗的感人故事，我们总是赞叹不已。作介词with的宾语，应用名词admiration，不可数。故填admiration。19．Lisawouldn’tputupwiththejobanymore.Shehadabig(argue)withherbossandresigned.【答案】argument【详解】考查名词。句意：丽莎再也忍受不了这份工作了。她和老板大吵了一架，然后辞职了。提示词在句中作宾语，用可数名词argument，意为“争吵，争论”，结合空格前冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填argument。20．Luckilythedisabledgirlwaspickedoutfromhundredsof(apply)forthevoluntaryjob.【答案】applicants【详解】考查名词。句意：幸运的是，这名残疾女孩是从数百名申请这个志愿工作的人中挑选出来的。空处应用名词，作介词of的宾语。结合句中的thedisabledgirlwaspickedoutfrom可知，这里表示申请这个志愿工作的人，应用applicant(申请人)，为可数名词，且其前有hundredsof，这里应用名词复数。故填applicants。21．Iwishtomakea(complain)aboutacamerawhichIpurchasedatyourplaceaweekago.【答案】complaint【详解】考查名词。句意：我想投诉一下我一周前在你们家买的相机。空处应用名词作make的宾语。complaint意为“抱怨，投诉”，为可数名词。空前有a，所以这里应用名词单数。故填complaint。22．OnMonday,theirexperimentalapproachtoalleviating(poor)wonthemthe2019NobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicScience.【答案】poverty【详解】考查名词。句意：周一，他们缓解贫困的实验性方法为他们赢得了2019年诺贝尔经济学奖。空处作动词alleviating的宾语，应用名词poverty，不可数。故填poverty。23．ForeachOlympics,aspecialvillageisbuiltforathletestolivein,several(stadium)forcompetition,andagymnasiumaswell.【答案】stadiums【详解】考查名词。句意：每届奥运会，都会为运动员建造一个特殊的村庄，几个比赛场馆和一个体育馆。设空处前为several(几个，数个)，设空处应用名词复数的形式。故填stadiums。24．Hecan’twaittogethisfather’s(approve).【答案】approval【详解】考查名词。句意：他迫不及待地想得到父亲的认可。作宾语，应用名词approval，不可数。故填approval。25．Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthcameinto(exist),asithappenedsolongago.【答案】existence【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人确切地知道地球是如何形成的，因为它发生在很久以前。comeintoexistence“存在；产生；形成”，固定短语；根据句意，故填existence。26．InChineseculture,bambooisknownasoneofthe“fourgentlemen”inplarits.ToChinesepeople,bambooisasymbolof(strong)andmodesty.Itisalwayscloselyrelatedtopeopleofpositivespirits.【答案】strength【详解】考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子被称为竹子中的“四君子”之一。对中国人来说，竹子是力量和谦虚的象征。它总是与积极向上的人密切相关。asymbolof后接名词作宾语。strong的名词形式为strength，表示“力量”之意，为不可数名词。根据句意，故填strength。27．Peoplehavefinallyrealizedthatitistheir(responsible)toprotectthisgreatriver.【答案】responsibility【详解】考查名词。句意：人们终于意识到保护这条大河是他们的责任。此处作表语，应填名词responsibility，此处特指保护这条大河的责任，应用单数。故填responsibility。28．Hespenttwonightsunderclose(observe)inhospital.【答案】observation【详解】考查名词。句意：他在医院接受了两个晚上的密切观察。分析句子可知，此空应填名词和前面介词构成介词短语，underobservation表“在观察中”，为固定搭配。故填observation。29．Anewmusicformemerged,calledtriphop,a(mix)ofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic.【答案】mixture【详解】考查名词。句意：一种新的音乐形式出现了，叫做trip-hop，它融合了爵士乐、嘻哈音乐和电子音乐。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作同位语，根据空白处前面的不定冠词a可判断出空白处应填名词，动词mix的名词形式为：mixture，故填mixture。30．Thisalsoreflectedthegender(balance)inuseofemojisingeneralandtheSimejikeyboardinparticular.【答案】imbalance【详解】考查名词，句意：这也反映了表情符号，尤其是Simeji键盘使用中的性别失衡。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，再由句意可知，应填imbalance，表“不平衡”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填imbalance。31．Inaddition,itsuseoffiberconcreteisunique,whichstrengthenstheearthquake(resist).【答案】resistance【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，其使用的纤维混凝土具有独特性，增强了抗震性能。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，earthquakeresistance表“抗震性”，resistance意为“抵抗，抗力”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填resistance。32．Childrenwillaskallkindsofquestions.Tomeettheir(curious),we’dbetteranswerthem.【答案】curiosity【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们会问各种各样的问题。为了满足他们的好奇心，我们最好回答他们。分析句子可知，形容词性物主代词后应填名词，curiosity表“好奇心”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填curiosity。33．ChineseTVdramashavegainedincreasing(popular)amongviewersinGhana.【答案】popularity【详解】考查名词。句意：中国电视剧在加纳观众中越来越受欢迎。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，形容词popular的名词为：popularity，故填popularity。34．Itisadesirableannual(compete)forphotographers.【答案】competition【详解】考查名词。句意：对于摄影师来说，这是一项令人向往的年度比赛。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词单数，competition表“比赛”，为可数名词，符合句意，在本句中作表语。故填competition。35．Ifyouchoosethiscareer,you’llmeetinterestingpeople,earnagoodsalaryandworkinpleasant(surround).【答案】surroundings【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你选择这份工作，你会遇到有趣的人，挣得一份不错的工作，且在愉快的环境里工作。分析句子可知，此处意为“环境”，故应用名词surroundings作宾语，故填surroundings。36．Aftergraduatingfromthecollege,hemadean(apply)totheschoolforajobasateacher.【答案】application【详解】考查名词。句意：大学毕业后，他向学校申请了一份教师的工作。an后跟名词，此处指“他向学校申请了一份教师的工作”，空格处意为“申请”，名词是application，空前有an，空格处用单数作宾语，故填application。37．Theletterwasn’taddressedtomebutIopeneditoutof(curious).【答案】curiosity【详解】考查名词。句意：这封信不是写给我的，但我出于好奇把它拆开了。空格处用名词作介词of的宾语，curious的名词是curiosity，意为“好奇心”，是不可数名词，outofcuriosity表示“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。38．In(compare)withthenationalaverage,BrightonhasnearlyathirdmorehealthfoodstoresandpersonaltrainersthanthoseinanyothercityinBritain.【答案】comparison【详解】考查名词。句意：与全国平均水平相比，布莱顿的健康食品商店和私人教练比英国其他任何城市都多近三分之一。incomparisonwith固定搭配，意为“与……相比”。根据句意，故填comparison。39．Bea(consult)toyourchildasheplays.【答案】consultant【详解】考查名词。句意：当你的孩子玩耍时，做他的顾问。根据句意和前文a可知，此处应用其表示人的名词consultant单数形式作表语，表示“顾问”。故填consultant。40．(commercial)introduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.【答案】Commercials/ommercials【详解】考查名词复数。句意：广告向我们介绍新产品，或者提醒我们已经知道的产品的存在。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作主语，且由谓语动词introduce可知，主语应用复数形式，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Commercials。41．Ofallthe(consult),onlyMr.Wanggaveussomeproposalinpoint.【答案】consultants【详解】考查名词。句意：在所有的顾问中，只有王先生给了我们一些中肯的建议。分析句子可知，空处放在Of后，为名词，Mr.Wang是顾问，此处应用consult对应的名词形式consultant，all后搭配可数名词复数。故填consultants。42．Thearmyintendstotakethecityorsimplystarveditinto(submit).【答案】submission【详解】考查名词。句意：军队打算占领这座城市，或者干脆使其挨饿到投降。分析句子可知，空处作介词into的宾语，应用名词submission，意为“投降，屈服”，是不可数名词。故填submission。43．Thesecharitiesappealtothecompassionatefeelingsand(generous)ofthegeneralpublic.【答案】generosity【详解】考查名词。句意：这些慈善团体激发公众的怜悯之心和慷慨解囊。设空处在句中作appealto的宾语，generosity“慷慨；大方”为不可数名词，符合句意。故填generosity。44．Thespecialistscollectbloodsamplesfor(analyze)atanationallaboratory.【答案】analysis【详解】考查名词。句意：专家们在国家实验室收集血液样本进行分析。空格处用名词作宾语，analyze的名词是analysis，意为“分析”，故填analysis。45．His(cruel)tothecatinthevideomadethenetizensquiteangry.【答案】cruelty【详解】考查名词。句意：他在视频中对猫的虐待让网友们非常愤怒。此处作主语，应用名词cruelty，不可数名词。故填cruelty。46．Imadean(apologise)tohimformymisunderstandingofhiskindness.【答案】apology【详解】考查名词。句意：我为误解了他的好意向他道歉。此处作宾语，应用名词apology，由空前不定冠词an可知，应用名词单数形式。makeanapologytosb.forsth.“因某事向某人道歉”是固定搭配。故填apology。47．Thereisnodoubtthathedeservesthetitle“outstandingplayerofhis(generate)”.【答案】generation【详解】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，他配得上“他那一代杰出球员”的称号。根据前文ofhis可知，此处应用其名词单数作介词宾语。故填generation。48．Thisapproachisbasedonthe(assume)thatpeoplewillbemostinterestedintheactivitiestheychooseforthemselves.【答案】assumption【详解】考查名词。句意：这种方法是基于这样一种假设，即人们对自己选择的活动最感兴趣。结合句意，用单数名词assumption(假设)作宾语。故填assumption。49．Intheepidemicof1916,a(physical)coulddolittleforthethousandswhofellill.【答案】physician【详解】考查名词。句意：在1916年的瘟疫中，医生对成千上万的病人几乎无能为力。作主语，表示“医生”应用名词physician，不定冠词提示用单数。故填physician。50．Chinahascontributedtothe(stable)andbalanceofglobaleconomicdevelopment.【答案】stability【详解】考查名词。句意：中国为全球经济发展的稳定和平衡做出了贡献。设空处和名词balance共同作宾语，应用名词，根据提示词stable，应用名词stability，不可数。故填stability。51．Tohandlethisproblem,Iwouldliketoproposesevenpractical(recommend)asfollows.【答案】recommendations【详解】考查名词。句意：为解决这一问题，我想提出以下七条实用建议。形容词practical修饰名词，作动词propose的宾语，名词recommendation“建议”符合题意，由several修饰用复数，故填recommendations。52．Thisdrughasoneimportant(limit).Itseffectsonlylastsixhours.【答案】limitation【详解】考查名词。句意：这种药有一个重要的限制。它的作用只能持续6个小时。分析句式结构可知，因为important是形容词，形容词修饰名词，所以空格处用提示词的名词形式limitation作宾语。根据one可知，用名词的单数形式。故填limitation。53．Simpleactsofkindnessand（generous）canbeseeneverywhere.【答案】generosity【详解】考查名词。句意：善良和慷慨的简单行为随处可见。此处与前面的kindness并列用不可数名词作介词of的宾语。故填generosity。54．However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweightywarningaboutenvironmental(destroy).【答案】destruction【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更沉重的警告。由空前environmental为形容词可知，此处为名词形式被该形容词修饰，同时作介词about的宾语成分。故填destruction。55．Thekeytosuccessasaromantic(novel)isabsolutebeliefinyourstory.【答案】novelist【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一个浪漫主义小说家，成功的关键是绝对相信你的故事。根据前面的a可知，所填的词是名词形式，作宾语。novelist意为“小说家”，为可数名词，这里应用单数。故填novelist。56．Whatmakesthewriteruniqueisnotonlyhisgreatworksbutalsohis(commit)towhatheloves.【答案】commitment【详解】考查名词。句意：令这位作家独一无二的不仅是他伟大的作品，还有他对所热爱事情的投入。设空处使用名词作表语。commit的名词为commitment，意为“投入”。故填commitment。57．Afteran(analyse)ofthespecies,theresearchteamconfirmeditasanewspecies.【答案】analysis【详解】考查名词。句意：经过对该物种的分析，研究团队确认该物种为新物种。根据空前的不定冠词an和空后的介词of可知，设空处应用名词；analyse的名词形式是analysis，意为“分析”。故填analysis。58．Inthisseasideresort,youcanenjoyallthecomfortand(convenient)ofmoderntourism.【答案】convenience【详解】考查名词。句意：在这个海滨度假胜地，你可以享受到现代旅游的一切舒适和便利。此处作宾语应用名词convenience表示“便利”。故填convenience。59．Theexact(location)arebeingkeptsecretforreasonsofsecurity.【答案】locations【详解】考查名词。句意：为了安全起见，具体地点保密。形容词exact后接名词形式，在句中作主语。根据谓语动词are可知，用名词的复数形式，故填locations。60．ThelegendaryDragonGatewasbuiltusing(material)donatedfromChina.【答案】materials【详解】考查名词。句意：传说中的龙门是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。动词using后接名词作宾语。名词material为可数名词，其前没有冠词，为泛指，所以用复数形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填materials。61．Sheputallher(energy)intoherwork.【答案】energies【详解】考查名词。句意：她把全部精力都投入到工作中。分析句子可知，空处在句中作put的宾语，所以应用名词energy，且空前有all修饰，energy“精力；力量”为可数名词，需用复数形式。故填energies。62．Itwasa(relieve)forustopicksomeorangestogetherwithmyclassmateslastweekend.【答案】relief【详解】考查名词。句意：上周末我们和同学一起去摘了一些橙子，这让我们很放松。根据句子分析可知，空前为冠词a，故此处应用不可数名词“relief轻松，宽慰”作表语，此处为抽象化名词具体化，意为“令人放松的事”，故填relief。63．Playingbasketballhelpsmetobuildupmy(strengthen)andbecomemoreconfident.【答案】strength【详解】考查名词。句意：打篮球帮助我增强力量，变得更加自信。根据空前的my，空处应用名词。根据句中的buildup，这里表示增强力量，应用名词strength“体力，力量”，为不可数名词。故填strength。64．Pleaseallowmetocongratulateyouwithallmyheartonyourgreat(achieve).【答案】achievement【详解】考查名词。句意：请允许我衷心祝贺你取得的伟大成就。介词on后接名词作宾语，需要的词义为“成就”，即achievement，故填achievement。65．Totheir(disappoint),theirsondidn’trecoverfromhisillness.【答案】disappointment【详解】考查名词。句意：令他们失望的是，他们的儿子没有从病中恢复。分析句子可知，空处被their修饰，作介词To的宾语，应用disappoint的名词形式disappointment，意为“失望，沮丧”，是不可数名词，构成固定短语toone’sdisappointment，意为“令某人失望的是”。故填disappointment。66．Tomygreat(amaze),heisentirelyaddictedtoabusingdrugs.【答案】amazement【详解】考查名词。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，他完全吸毒成瘾。toone’samazement意为“令某人惊讶的是”，为固定搭配，amazement为不可数名词。故填amazement。67．Wehaveafamily(gather)regularlysothatwecankeepinclosetouchwithourfamilymembers.【答案】gathering【详解】考查名词。句意：我们定期举行家庭聚会，以便与家人保持密切联系。根据空前的a，空处应用名词。gathering意为“聚会”，为可数名词。故填gathering。68．Ihavesavedupmythreeyears’(earn)andhaveitallsafeinmypocket.【答案】earnings【详解】考查名词。句意：我把三年的收入存起来了，都安全地放在口袋里。根据空前的mythreeyears’，空处应用名词。再结合句中的saved和句意可知，这里表示收入。earning意为“收入，薪水”，为复数名词。故填earnings。69．Hemadeitclearthathehadno(intend)tojoinusintheactivity.【答案】intention【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：他明确表示他无意加入我们的活动。固定搭配：havenointentiontodo“没有做……的打算”，其中no是形容词，修饰名词，所给词intend是动词，其名词是intention。故填intention。70．Thepatientmadeaquick(recover)fromhisoperation.【答案】recovery【详解】考查名词。句意：病人手术后恢复得很快。分析句式结构再根据提示词可知，此处用名词recovery作宾语表示“恢复”。故填recovery。71．Hiscourageanddeterminationwereasourceof(inspire)toothers.【答案】inspiration【详解】考查名词。句意：他的勇气和决心鼓舞了其他人。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，inspire的名词形式inspiration符合题意，意为“鼓舞，振奋”，是不可数名词。故填inspiration。72．Smilingandlaughinghasactuallybeenshowntorelieve(tense)andstress.【答案】tension【详解】考查名词。句意：微笑和大笑实际上已经被证明可以缓解紧张和压力。根据句中“andstress”可知，空处用名词tension，与stress并列，作动词relieve的宾语。故填tension。73．Thetwojournalistsfollowedataproper(distant).【答案】distance【详解】考查名词。句意：两名记者保持适当的距离跟踪。分析句子，设空处使用distant的名词distance作宾语，意为“距离”。故填distance。74．Whetherhecomeshereornotmakesno(differ)tous.【答案】difference【详解】考查名词。句意：他来或者不来对我们没有影响。空处应填名词作宾语，makenodifference没有影响，固定短语。故填difference。75．Wetook(act)atoncewhenweheardthenewsthatafloodwasontheway.【答案】action【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们听到洪水即将来临的消息时，我们立即采取了行动。空处用于动词took之后，应用名词action，表示“行动”，作动词took的宾语，takeaction表示“采取行动”，符合题意。故填action。76．A(journal)isapersonwhosejobistocollectnewsandwriteaboutitfornewspapers,magazines,television,orradio.【答案】journalist【详解】考查名词。句意：新闻记者的工作是收集新闻并为报纸、杂志、电视或广播撰写新闻。设空处在句中作主语，由空前的不定冠词A以及空后的is可知设空处应填可数名词单数形式，journalist“新闻记者；新闻工作者”为可数名词，符合句意。故填journalist。77．Asaboygrowingupneartheocean,Ilikewatching(surf)competitions.【答案】surfing【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一个在海边长大的男孩，我喜欢看冲浪比赛。此处应用名词surfing作定语，修饰名词competitions，surfingcompetitions表示“冲浪比赛”，故填surfing。78．Sittingaloneinfrontofamirror，t