2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit2Makingadifference素养提升含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGE11-单元素养提升(二)Unit2Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theextended(extend)meetingcametoanendlateintothenight.2.AmanrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidandIjoinedinwithouthesitation(hesitate).3.Aided(aid)byheatandstrongwinds,thefirequicklyspread.4.TiangongⅡ’slaunchingwasanimportanthistoricalachievement(achieve)forChina,evenforthewholeworld.5.Tomyrelief(relieve),thenewmedicineboughtfromBeijinghelpedrelievethepainofmybrother’sinjuredleg.6.Herchildhooddreambecameareality(real)whenshebrokethe800mraceworldrecordinthelastOlympicGames.7.One-thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithtreesandthemajority(major)ofthecitizensareblackpeople.8.Weoftenbuyeverythingabroadwiththemoneyearned(earn)fromoilimports.9.Aspirinisasimplebuthighlyeffective(effect)treatment.10.They’retheproblemsleft(leave)overbyhistoryandremainunsolved.Ⅱ.用适当的短语完成句子1.It’stimetostartthinkingoutsidethebox.Inotherwords,it’stimetocomeupwith(想出)creativewaystosavethecoralreefs.

2.Sheusedtodietandexercisetokeepherweightundercontrol(限制).

3.Ifwearetomakeadifference(有影响,使不同)inlife,it’sveryimportantthatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.

4.Thoughhewasbadlyhurt,heslowlyrose/gottohisfeet(站起来).

5.ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.I’mhopingI’llsetup(创立)myownbusinesssomeday.

6.Atlast,hishardworkmadehisdreamareality(使他的幻想成真).

7.Nowonlyafewpeoplearewillingtodonatetheirorgansaftertheypassaway(去世).

8.Tocontrolyourspending,you’dbetterkeeparecordof(记录)yourexpenses.

9.Heservedas(充当)awitnessatthewedding.

10.Whenhislipsbreakintoasmile(绽开笑容),itisenoughtomeltanywoman’sheart.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Hedidn’tknowwhethertolaughortocrywhenheheardthewords.

当他听到这些话的时候,他哭笑不得。2.Onseeinghismother,hethrewhimselfintohismother’sarms.

一看到母亲,他就扑到母亲怀里。3.Theirworkfinished,theywenthome.

完成工作,他们回家了。4.Whatwecareisnotyoursexbutyourage.

我们在乎的不是你的性别而是你的年龄。5.Theepidemicissoseverethatwehavetostayathome.疫情如此严峻,我们不得不待在家里。Ⅳ.阅读理解ADanielZhang,theformertopmanagerofAlibaba,haslargershoestofillnow.InSeptemberlastyear,hetookovertheroleofchairpersonfromJackMa,whodecidedtostepdownafterbuildingthe$420-billionInternetbusiness.ZhangstudiedfinanceattheShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics.AftergraduatingfromschoolheworkedatagamingcompanyinShanghai.TheShanghainativejoinedAlibabain2007andplayedakeyroleinhelpingtodriveTaobaotoprofit(营利).Heisbestknownforstartingthe“Double11”shoppingfestival,whichhasbroughtin50millionyuaninsalesduringthefirstfestivalin2009to268billionyuanin2024.Astoleadershipstyle,ZhangisverydifferentfromMa.Thelattermadeanameforhimselfasanentertainer,dressingupasMichaelJacksonatcompanyevents.Zhanghaskeptamuchlowerprofile(低调).“Maisaguywithmanyideas.Heisvery,verycreative,”hesaidinaninterview.“I’mtheguywhoalwayswantstoputmyfootontheground.”Theyoungchairperson,however,hasneverwantedaroutinejoborapredictablelife—amessagehegavetostudentsduringa2024eventathisalmamater(母校).ZhangnowhashissightssetonhelpingAlibabafurtherdevelopitsNewRetailstrategy,whichlookstocombineonlineshopping.“Westronglybelievethatbrick-and-mortarstores(实体店)cancreatehugevalue,buttheirmodelneedstobeupgraded,”Zhangsaidataconferencelastyear.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了阿里巴巴的新人主席DanielZhang。他于2007年进入阿里巴巴,2009年启动了双十一购物节,为阿里巴巴带来了巨大利润。他的下一步安排是联合线上和线下购物,以创建更大的利润。1.WelearnfromthetextthatDanielZhanghas_______.

A.builtAlibabaintoa$420-billionbusinessB.helpedAlibabaachievemostofitssuccessC.replacedJackMaastopmanagerofAlibabaD.startedthe“Double11”shoppingfestival【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据其次段的Heisbestknownforstartingthe“Double11”shoppingfestival可知DanielZhang启动了双十一购物节。2.Theunderlinedword“routine”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.unchanging B.satisfyingC.risky D.low-paid【解析】选A。词义揣测题。依据第三段的“I’mtheguywhoalwayswantstoputmyfootontheground.”Theyoungchairperson,however,hasneverwantedaroutinejoborapredictablelife可知DanielZhang认为他自己是一个脚踏实地的人。然而这个年轻的主席从来不想要一个常规的工作或者可以预料的生活。结合句意,尤其是putmyfootontheground,however和predictablelife可揣测画线部分的意思是“一成不变的”。3.WhatisZhang’sopinionaboutJackMa?A.Careful. B.BraveC.Creative D.Friendly.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据第三段的“Maisaguywithmanyideas.Heisvery,verycreative,”hesaidinaninterview.可知DanielZhang认为马云是一个有很多想法、很有创建性的人。4.WhatisZhang’sfutureplan?A.Makingshoesforpeoplewhohavebigfeet.B.DevelopingAlibabaintotheworld’sbiggestcompany.C.Bringingthe“Double11”shoppingfestivaltotheWest.D.Combiningonlineandofflineshopping.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的ZhangnowhashissightssetonhelpingAlibabafurtherdevelopitsNewRetailstrategy,whichlookstocombineonlineshopping.可知DanielZhang的目的是帮助阿里巴巴进一步发展零售战略,该战略和线上购物结合在一起,即线下购物和线上购物相结合。BTravelingbysubwaycansometimesbequiteanadventure,especiallyduringrushhour.Therearethetimeswhenyouhavetoavoidcupsofcoffeethatcouldspill(溅)onyou.Thesmellsofsomepassengers’foodareverystrong,too.AccordingtotheBeijingsubwaypassengerregulations,whichwentintoeffectonMay15th,passengersexceptbabiesandthesickarenolongerallowedtoeatordrinkonthesubway.Violators(违反者)whodonotstopafterbeingaskedtowillbeaskedtogetoff.Theviolationwillalsoberecordedintheviolators’creditrecord.Somesupporttherule.Thereasonisthatthesmelloffoodanddrinkcanannoyotherpassengers.“Thesmelloffoodfillsthecarriage,causingpeoplediscomfort,especiallyinthehotsummer.Besides,eatingonthesubwayproducesrubbish.Andonsubwaytrains,peopleoftenspilltheirdrinks,”saidZhengYiou,17,astudentfromHefei.However,othersquestionthisrule.“Somecitizenslivesofarfromtheirworkplacesthattheyhavelimitedtimetohavebreakfastbeforetheygotowork.Eatingwhiletheytravelsavesthemtimeanddecreasesthechancethattheywillbelateforwork,”HeSonglin,a17-year-oldstudentfromChengdusaid,“Andsomepeople,likethosewithlow-bloodsugarlevels,getsickiftheycan’teatwhentheymust.”OtherChinesecitieslikeNanjingandChengduhavesimilarregulations.Someforeigncitiesalsobaneatinganddrinkingonthesubway.Forexample,eatinganddrinkinghavelongbeenbannedonthesubwayinWashingtonDC.Singaporefinespeoplewhoeatordrinkonthesubwayupto500Singaporedollars,whichis2,417ChenYanyan,aprofessorfromBeijingUniversityofTechnology,believedweshouldconsidertheneedofsomepeopletoeatordrinkonthesubway.“Commuters(通勤者)andtravelersaresometimestoobusytoeat.MaybewecouldlearnfromTokyo,wheretherearemanysubwaystationsequippedwithservices,allowingpassengerstoeatanddrink,”shesaid.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。依据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》,除婴儿和病人外,乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的,将被要求下车。违反者的行为也将被记录在案。一些人支持这一规定。然而,也有人质疑这一规则。5.InwhichcityweresubwaypassengerregulationscarriedoutonMay15th?A.Chengdu. B.Nanjing.C.WashingtonDC. D.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。由第一段中的依据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》,除婴儿和病人外,乘客不得在地铁上吃喝,可知5月15日实施地铁乘客条例的是北京。6.What’sthepunishmentforthepassengerswhobreaktherulesinSingapore?A.Eatingonthesubway.B.Drinkingonthesubway.C.Beingfinedupto2,417yuan.D.Beingaskedtogetoffthetrain.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段最终一句,新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以最高500新元(约合2417元人民币)的罚款。可知在新加坡,违反规定的乘客会被罚款最高2417元。7.WhatisChenYanyan’sattitudetoeatingordrinkingonthesubway?A.Worried. B.Sympathetic.C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据最终一段中的通勤者和旅行者有时忙得吃不下饭。或许我们可以向东京学习,那里有很多地铁站供应服务,允许乘客吃喝。可知ChenYanyan对在地铁上吃喝持怜悯的看法。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FoodandDrinkBannedonSubwayB.TheAdventureofSubwayTravelingC.WaystoEatandDrinkonSubwayD.TheServicesonSubwayStations【解析】选A。标题归纳题。由第一段中的依据5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》,除婴儿和病人外,乘客不得在地铁上吃喝。违反者被要求停止后不停止的,将被要求下车。违反者也将在信用记录上被记录在案。故可知文章主要内容围绕“禁止在地铁上吃喝”这一话题绽开。Ⅴ.完形填空Aboutadecadeago,mygrandpawhowassufferingfromAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)gotintomycaranddroveoff.AngelandI1thepolice,butbeforetheycouldfindhim,two2kidspulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa.

Theysaidtheyoverheardhimcryingaboutbeing3atanemptygasstation10milesaway.Mygrandpacouldn’trememberouraddress,butgavethekidshisfirstandlastname.Theylookedhimuponline,foundouraddress,and4himhome.

Iwas5onthatincidenttodaywhilesittingneartheedgeofabeautifulocean-sidecliff.Iamsuddenly6offootstepsbehindme.I7aroundtoseeayoungladywhowasalmostin8slowlywalkingtowhereIwassitting.Iwalkeduptoherand9,“What’swrong?”Shetoldmeshewas10afraidofheights,butwasworriedaboutmysafetyandwantedtogetoverherfear.Herbravenessandkindnesstrulywarmedmyheart.

I’vespenttherestofthedaythinkingaboutwhatanextraordinarypersonsheis,andaboutthoseamazingcollegekidswhohelpedmy11,andaboutwhatitmeanstobeakindand12person.Sometimesyouhavetogotheextramile,orfaceyourbiggest13,orstandupagainstyourownnegativetendenciestomakea(n)14differenceinsomeoneelse’slife.It’s15tostartdoingthehardthings—therightthings—forothers.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者的爷爷迷路,两个好心的高校生开车把他送回家,而恐高的女士担忧在悬崖边的作者。他们的善举为别人的生活带来主动的影响。作者觉得到了该帮助别人的时候了。1.A.condemned B.contactedC.consulted D.found【解析】选B。condemned指责;contacted交往,接触;consulted询问;found发觉。依据空前的gotintomycaranddroveoff和空后的thepolice可知,作者报了警,也就是与警察“接触”了。故选B。2.A.college B.naughtyC.homeless D.kindergarten【解析】选A。依据下文的thoseamazingcollegekids可知,是两个高校生帮助了爷爷。故选A。3.A.careless B.scaredC.lost D.forgetful【解析】选C。careless马虎的;scared感到胆怯 的;lost失去的;forgetful健忘的。依据下一句Mygrandpacouldn’trememberouraddress可知,爷爷迷路了。4.A.left B.droveC.kicked D.carried【解析】选B。依据上文pulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa可知,高校生“开车”把他送回家。故选B。5.A.depending B.comingC.reflecting D.going【解析】选C。depending依靠;coming来;reflecting回想,反射;going去。作者面朝大海,回想着爷爷被帮助的事情。故选C。6.A.afraid B.scepticalC.sure D.aware【解析】选D。依据空后的footstepsbehindme可知,此处指“意识到”。固定词组:beawareof“意识到”。故选D。7.A.turned B.walkedC.got D.looked【解析】选A。依据上文的whilesittingneartheedgeofabeautifulocean-sidecliff可知,此处指作者“转过身来”。固定短语:turnaround“转过身来”。故选A。8.A.sadness B.surpriseC.feelings D.tears【解析】选D。依据下文“Shetoldmeshewas_______afraidofheights”可知,女士几乎要哭出来了。固定词组:intears“流着泪”。故选D。

9.A.reacted B.thoughtC.asked D.replied【解析】选C。依据空后的“What’swrong?”可知,作者在“问”女士。故选C。10.A.extremely B.worriedlyC.anxiously D.surprisingly【解析】选A。依据前文可知,女士几乎要哭出来,以及afraidofheights可知,她“特别”恐高。故选A。11.A.father B.grandmaC.uncle D.grandpa【解析】选D。依据第一段中two_______kidspulledintoourdrivewaywithmygrandpa可知,思索那些了不得的高校生们帮助了自己的爷爷。故选D。

12.A.merciful B.helpfulC.careful D.peaceful【解析】选B。merciful慈爱的;helpful有帮助的;careful细心的;peaceful和平的。依据空前的whatitmeanstobeakind可知,前面提到的高校生和女士的行为是“乐于助人的”。故选B。13.A.courage B.failuresC.fears D.choices【解析】选C。courage志气;failures失败;fears胆怯 ;choices选择。依据空后的standupagainstyourownnegativetendencies可知此处指面对你最大的“恐惊”。故选C。14.A.positive B.littleC.optimistic D.opposite【解析】选A。positive主动的;little小的,少的;optimistic乐观的;opposite反对的。去面对你最大的恐惊,或者去对抗你自己的消极倾向是为别人的生活带来主动的影响。故选A。15.A.minute B.timeC.honor D.luck【解析】选B。作者觉得是时候起先为别人做那些困难的事情了。固定句式:It’stimetodosth.“是做某事的时间了”。故选B。Ⅵ.语法填空Treesareusefulthingstomaninthreeimportant1.__________(way):theygiveuswoodandotherusefulthings,theygiveuscoolplaces,2.__________theyhelptostopdroughtandflood.

Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthat3.__________thirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdown4.__________largenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocareless5.__________(plant)andlookafternewtrees.Sotheforests6.__________(slow)disappear.

Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareeven7.__________(bad):forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoilallowingtheraintosinkinandalsobindthesoil,thuspreventingitfrom8.__________(wash)awayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therain9.__________(fall)onhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtop-soil.Whenallthetop-soilisgone,nothing10.__________(leave)butuselessdesert.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了树对人类的作用特别大,可以给人类供应木材、供应阴凉、还可以帮助阻挡干旱和洪水。但实际状况是很多人砍掉了很多树木,破坏了植被,引起了生态危机。1.【解析】ways。考查名词复数。句意:树对人类有三个重要的用处。依据空前three可知,本空应用名词复数形式。2.【解析】and。考查并列连词。句意:它们赐予我们木材和其他有用的东西,它们赐予我们凉快的地方,并且它们帮助我们阻挡干旱和洪水。本空前后句为并列关系,故应用并列连词and。3.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:不幸的是,在世界上很多地方,人类还没有发觉第三点是最重要的。序数词third前应用定冠词the。4.【解析】in。考查介词。句意:人类想从树木中赚钱,所以人类大量地砍伐树木,结果发觉没有了它们,人类失去了最好的挚友。inlargenumbers意为“大量地”,故本空应用介词in。5.【解析】toplant。考查动词不定式。句意:而且,他通常太马虎大意而不能种植和照料新树。本句为too...to...句型,意为“太……而不能……”,故本空应用不定式形式。6.【解析】slowly。考查副词。句意:所以森林渐渐地消逝了。本空修饰动词disappear,故应用副词slowly。7.【解析】worse。考查形容词比较级。句意:结果甚至更糟。依据句意及空前even可知,本空应用形容词的比较级形式。8.【解析】beingwashed。考查非谓语动词。句意:树木的根部使土壤裂开,雨水渗入,也固定了土壤,从而阻挡土壤轻易地被冲走。prevent...fromdoingsth.意为“阻挡……做某事”,本空意为“阻挡土壤被冲走”,故本空应用动名词的被动形式。9.【解析】falls。考查时态。句意:没有树的地方,雨水落在坚硬的地面上,然后流走,造成洪水,带走肥沃的表层土壤。依据空前are及空后flows可知,本空应用一般现在时。10.【解析】isleft。考查时态及语态。句意:当全部的表层土壤都消逝时,除了无用的沙漠什么都没留下。本句表述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语nothing和动词leave(留下)之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。Ⅶ.应用文写作假设你是某中学的学生李华,最近收到美国挚友Joy的电子邮件。他在三年前参观过你校,听说你校现在改变很大,希望了解发生了哪些详细的改变。请你依据下列提示,给他回一封电子邮件。三年前:一座教学楼,一个操场,学生1000多人现在:1.校内扩建:新建了一座教学楼和一座图书馆,教学楼内有音乐室、美术室、微机房等;2.学生人数:增加到了2000多人