2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit2IconicAttractionsUsingLanguage素养作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUnit2IconicAttractionsUsingLanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1.TheRedCrossorganizedthedistribution(distribute)offoodandclothinginthedisasterarea.2.Theyoungmanbecamealicensed(license)doctoraftergraduatingfromcollege.3.Complaintsaboutthefrequency(frequent)oftrainsroseby201%inthelastyear.4.Thereportdocumentstheshockingamountofdomesticviolence(violent)againstwomen.5.Weinvitedtwentypeople,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.6.Itisagainstschoolrulesforthegirlstudentstowearhigh-heeledshoes.7.Whenyou’reinagoodstate,yourememberthingsbetter!8.She’soldenoughtohavethefreedom(free)todoasshelikes.9.Thewestbelievesithasagreatercapacitytoadapt(adapt)toclimatechange.

10.InoticedaflockofbirdspickingwormsinthegardenwhenIwateredthevegetables.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Ididn’trealizemyproblemuntilIattendedthesessionsponsoredbytheMinistryofEducation.

直到我参与了教化部主办的会议我才意识到我的问题。2.Wefinallyfoundthekindmanwho/thatdivedintotherivertosavethedrowningboy.

我们最终找到了那个跳进河里救落水男孩的好心男子。3.Hearingthenews,sheweptoceansoftears.

听到这个消息,她泪如泉涌。4.Wheneverweseelitterontheground,weshouldpickitupandthrowitintoadustbin.

每当我们看到地上有垃圾,我们应当把它捡起来,扔到垃圾桶里。5.Iknowit’shardwork,andI’llcomeacrossmanydifficultiesandfrustrations.

我知道这是艰苦的工作,我会遇到很多困难和挫折。6.Although/Though/Whilehisqualificationsentitlehimtoahighersalary,theyoungmanhasdecidedtoteachintheremotearea.

尽管那个年轻人的资格使他有权享有较高的薪水,但他确定在偏远地区教学。Ⅰ.阅读理解AVisitingWashington,D.C.isnotawasteofyourtimeandmoney.TherearemanydestinationsinWashington,D.C.thatyoucanincludeinyourjourney,whichmakeyourtraveltothisgreatcityworthyourtimeandmoney.Herearesomenotableattractionsthatthecitycanoffer.SmithsonianInstitutionItistheimageof19thsandstonecalledCastle.Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofJeffersonMemorialThisplacehousesthe19-footstatueofAmerica’sthirdpresident.Inaddition,therearesomewritingsinthewalllikeDeclarationofIndependenceandsomeJefferson’swritings.MichelRichardCitronelleThisfamouschefgotarestaurantattheheartofWashington,D.C.Heprepareswonderfuldishestodignitarieswhofrequentthisplace.Itisnotonlyaboutattractivemenu,buttheserviceisprofessional.Themulti-courseisaccompaniedwithwine.Therestaurant’swinecellarhousesthousandsofbottles.MandarinOrientalThisisatasteofAsiainthedistrict.Thehotelamenities(设施)areworldclasswithpoolandspas.Therestaurantshowsthecity’sviewonaflatscreenTVandtheroomshaveInternetaccess.TheWhitehouseItshouldnotbemissed.Itisoneofthemostsignificantbuildingsinthecity.Itsarchitectureisgrandandsuitsthecity’slandscape.Thereareguidedtoursthatyoucanjoinin.TwinsJazzIfyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.Youcanheargrassrootsmusiciansplay.Thefoodisalsogood.1.WhatcanyouvisitinSmithsonianInstitution?A.Castles. B.MuseumsC.Statues D.Restaurants【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Thisisaninstitutionthathasgotmorethanninemuseums.Aone-daytourisnotenoughtocoveritall.ThebestplacestovisitareAirandSpaceMuseumandMuseumofNaturalHistory.”可知在SmithsonianInstitution你能参观博物馆。故选B项。2.WhatcanyoudoinMichelRichardCitronelle?A.TasteAsianfood.B.CookdeliciousdishesC.Enjoygoodfoodandservice.D.SwimandenjoyfreeWifi.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由第四段中的“Heprepareswonderfuldishestodignitarieswhofrequentthisplace.Itisnotonlyaboutattractivemenu,buttheserviceisprofessional.Themulti-courseisaccompaniedwithwine.”可知在MichelRichardCitronelle你能享受美食和服务。故选C项。3.Whichofthefollowingisyourbestchoiceasamusiclover?A.JeffersonMemorial.B.MandarinOriental.C.TheWhiteHouse.D.TwinsJazz.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。由最终一段中的“Ifyouwanttoenjoyjazzmusic,thisistheplacetobe.”可知TwinsJazz是你作为音乐爱好者的最佳选择。故选D项。BClimatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavedestroyedthethylacine(袋狼),accordingtoanewstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.Themeat-eatingmarsupials(有袋动物)diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyearsago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,untilthe1930s.Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinction(灭亡)wasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes(Australianwilddogs).ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalofBiogeographyonThursday,collected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossil(化石)bonesandmuseumskins.Thepaperconcludedthatclimatechangestartingabout4,000yearsagowaslikelythemaincauseofthemainlandextinction.TheancientDNAshowedthatthemainlandextinctionofthylacineswasrapid,andnottheresultoflossofgeneticdiversity(基因多样性).Therewasalsoevidenceofapopulationcrash(大跌)inthylacinesinTasmaniaatthesameperiodoftime,reducingtheirnumbersandgeneticdiversity.ProfessorJeremyAustinsaidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmer,drierclimateduetoitshigherrainfall.Hearguedthatclimatechangewas“theonlythingthatcouldhavecaused,oratleaststarted,anextinctiononthemainlandandcausedapopulationcrashinTasmania.”“Theybothoccurredataboutthesametime,andtheothertwothingsthathavebeentalkedaboutinthepastthatmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctiononthemainlandweredingoesandhumans.Sotheonlyexplanationthat’sleftisclimatechange.Andbecausethatpopulationcrashhappenedatthesametimethespecies(物种)wentextinctonthemainland,ourargumentisthere’sacommonthemethereandtheonlycommonthemeisthatthereisthischangeinclimate.”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述袋狼消逝的缘由。4.Whatdidscientistsbelieveinthepastaccordingtothepassage?A.Marsupialswereallmeat-eatinganimals.B.DingoesshouldberemovedfromAustralia.C.ThylacineshadnoenemiesonmainlandAustralia.D.Humanactivitiesmaycausetheextinctionofthylacines.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Untilnow,scientistshavebelieved...anddingoes(Australianwilddogs)可知,科学家过去认为人类活动可能会导致袋狼的灭亡。故选D。5.What’sthedifferencebetweenmainlandAustraliaandTasmania?A.Tasmaniahasmoredingoes.B.Tasmaniahasmorerainydays.C.Tasmaniahasahighertemperature.D.Tasmaniahasmorenativeactivities.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第五段ProfessorJeremyAustinsaidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmer,drierclimateduetoitshigherrainfall.可知,塔斯马尼亚有更多的雨天。故选B。6.ThereasonwhyJeremyAustinhadstrongargumentisthat.

A.somethingsimilaroccurredonmainlandAustraliaandTasmaniaB.TasmaniawasprotectedfrommainlandAustralia’swarmerclimateC.humansanddingoesmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctionD.mainlandAustraliasufferedfrommuchhigherrainfallinthepast【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中Hearguedthatclimatechange...apopulationcrashinTasmania.”可知,杰里米·奥斯丁(JeremyAustin)之所以有强有力的论据,是因为澳大利亚大陆和塔斯马尼亚岛也发生了类似的事情。故选A。7.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCauseofDisappearanceofThylacinesB.TheWaysofProtectingMeat-eatingAnimalsC.TheResultofWarmerClimateinAustraliaD.TheEffectofClimateChangeonWildlife【解析】选A。标题推断题。依据第一段Climatechange,nothumanhunting...onDNAfromthylacinebones和其次段中Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinctionwasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes(Australianwilddogs)可知,这篇文章讲解并描述的是袋狼消逝的缘由。故选A。Ⅱ.阅读填句Thecicada(蝉)hasaninterestinglifecycle,butmostofusonlybecomeawareoftheseinsectsinsummerwhentheyreachadulthoodandbegintheircalls.1Some,liketheGoldenEmperor,havecomplicatedsongs.Thesummertimecallsofthecicadaaremadebyadultmalestoattractfemales.Theireggsareusuallylaidinscratchescutthroughtheskinofthetree.Onceithasbeencompleted,theadultsdie.

Whentheeggshatch,thelarvae(幼虫)droptothegroundandliveunderthesoil.2Theyspendaslittleasseveralmonthsforsomespeciesoraslongasseveralyearsforotherspeciesburiedunderground,shedding(蜕下)theirskinastheygrow.Theyshedtheirskinforthelasttimetobecomeadultcicadaswiththeirwings.3Afewdaysaftercomingoutofthesoil,themalescallformatesandcyclebeginsagain.

TheGoldenEmperor,whosecallisquitedifferentfromothers,isoneofAustralia’sbiggestandprettiestcicadas.4TheGoldenEmperorcallsingroups,butgettingtoseeoneupcloseisverydifficultastheyflyawaywhenapproached.Also,astheirbreedingseasonprogresses,theygraduallymovehigherupthetreetrunks.5TheGoldenEmperorisadelightjusttolistentoifyoucan’tseetheinsectitself.

A.Notallcicadashavesimple,loudnoise.B.Thisactmakestheircalltheonlysignthattheyarestillaround.C.Thelarvaeattachthemselvestotreerootsandfeedontheirliquid.D.Whentheyhavebecomemature,theycomeoutofthesoilasagroup.E.Theirsongscallonfemaletoflytothemandfightfornextgeneration.F.Ifthathappens,theywillflyawayandgotosomeplacethattheyreallylove.G.Theircallstartswithtwonotesandthenrisessharplybeforeitsuddenlydropsdown.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蝉的一生,其中特地介绍了澳大利亚的一种名叫GoldenEmperor的蝉和其他蝉的不同之处。1.【解析】选A。依据下文Some,liketheGoldenEmperor,havecomplicatedsongs.可知有些蝉可以发出困难的声音,例如金皇大帝。A.Notallcicadashavesimple,loudnoise.并非全部的蝉都发出简洁、吵闹的声音。符合文意,选项中的simple与后句中的complicated形成对比,故选A项。2.【解析】选C。依据前文Whentheeggshatch,thelarvaedroptothegroundandliveunderthesoil.可知蝉的幼虫由卵孵化后,就会生活在地下。C选项讲解并描述了幼虫在地下生活的状态,larvae是关键词,故选C项。3.【解析】选D。依据前文Theyshedtheirskinforthelasttimetobecomeadultcicadaswiththeirwings.可知它们最终一次蜕皮,变成有翅膀的成年蝉。D选项中的mature和前文的adult是关键词,故选D项。4.【解析】选G。依据前文TheGoldenEmperor,whosecallisquitedifferentfromothers,isoneofAustralia’sbiggestandprettiestcicadas.可知金皇大帝是澳大利亚最大最美丽的蝉,它们的叫声和其他蝉不一样。故选G项。5.【解析】选B。依据前文Also,astheirbreedingseasonprogresses,theygraduallymovehigherupthetreetrunks.可知随着繁殖季节的推动,它们会渐渐爬到树干的高处。故选B项。主题活动·迁移应用Ⅰ.语用功能表达(1)关于动物大小的词汇:heavy重的,light轻的,big大的,small小的,little小的,tiny微小的,tall高的,short矮的,fat肥胖的,thin瘦的,skeletal骨瘦如柴的,giant巨大的,underweight消瘦的,wide宽的。(2)关于动物形态的词汇:round圆的,square方形的,straight直的,triangular三角形的,oval椭圆的,sleek圆滑的,blobby滴状斑点的,flat扁平的,elliptical椭圆的,crooked弯曲的,wavy水纹的。(3)关于动物的颜色的词汇:pink粉色的,red红色的,orange橙色的,black黑色的,yellowish淡黄色的,blue蓝色的,dark黑色的,green绿色的,purple紫色的,white白色的,gray灰色的,brown棕色的。(4)关于描述动物速度的词汇:quick快的,fast快的,slow慢的,swift快速的,speeding快速的,rushing急速的,hasty匆忙的,bustling忙乱的,rapid快速的,snappy生气勃勃的,brief短暂的,springy有弹力的。(5)关于描述动物性格特征的词汇:ferocious猛烈的,dangerous危急的,poisonous有毒的,tame驯服的,agile活泼的,clever聪慧的,aggressive好争斗的。(6)关于描写动物身体部位的词汇:fur毛皮,mane鬃毛,snout鼻子,paw爪子,hoof蹄子,tail尾巴,whiskers腮须,claw爪,钳子,beak鸟嘴/鹰钩鼻子,wing翅膀,feathers羽毛,scales鱼鳞,horn(羊、牛等动物的)角。Ⅱ.话题情景沟通A:Birds