工商管理学位英语考试模拟题-阅读理解题

工商管理学位英语考试模拟题—阅读理解题1.TheEnglishhavethereputationofbeingverydifferentfromallothernationalities.ItisclaimedthatlivingonanislandseparatedfromtherestofEuropehasmuchtodowithit.Whateverthereasons,itmaybefairlystatedthattheEnglishmanhasdevelopedsomeattitudesandhabitsdistinguishinghimfromothernationalities.Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,andreservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell.Beforestrangersheoftenseemsinhibited,evenembarrassed.Youhaveonlytowitnessarailwaycompartmentanymorningoreveningtoseethetruth.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersordozing(打盹)inacorner,andnoonespeaks.AnEnglishwitoncesuggestedtooverseasvisitors,"Onenteringarailwaycompartmentshakehandswithallthepassengers."Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,ifbroken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectofsuspicion.ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldomshowopenlyextremesofenthusiasm,emotionetc.Ofcourse,anEnglishmanfeelsnolessthananyothernationality.Imagineamancommentingonthegreatbeautyofayounggirl.Amanofmoreemotionaltemperamentmightdescribeheras"amarvelousjewel",whiletheEnglishmanwillflatlystate"Um,she'sallright."AnEnglishmanmayrecommendahighlysuccessfulandenjoyablefilmtofriendsbycommenting,"It'snotbad."Theoverseasvisitorsmustnotbedisappointedbythisapparentlackofinterest.Theymustrealizethat"allright","notbad"areveryoftenusedwiththesenseof"firstclass","excellent".ThisspecialuseoflanguageisparticularlycommoninEnglish.1.OneexplanationforthedifferentcharacterofEnglishpeopleisthat________.[A]theyaregeographicallyisolatedfromtheEuropeancontinent[B]theyhavenothingtodowiththeotherEuropeans[C]theyliketokeepquietamongtheiracquaintances[D]theytendtobereservedbynature2.Theword"inhibited"(Line2,Para.2)inthispassageprobablymeans________.[A]unabletohavegoodmanners[C]abletoactproperly[B]unabletoexpressandrelaxfreely[D]abletotalkfreely3.Accordingtothepassage,onenteringarailwaycompartment,anoverseasvisitorisexpectedto________.[A]inquireaboutthecodeofbehaviorinthetrain[C]shakehandswiththepersonheknows[B]shakehandswithallthepassengers[D]behavelikeanEnglishman4.TheEnglishwayofcommentingonsomethingorsomebodysuggeststhat________.[A]theEnglisharemodestinmostcircumstances[B]theEnglishfeelnolessthananyothernationality[C]theEnglishtendtodisplaylessemotionthantheyfeel[D]theEnglishdon'ttakeastronginterestinmakingcomment5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?[A]ThedifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheotherEuropeans.[B]ThedifferentcharacteroftheEnglishmananditsreason.[C]ThereasonsforEnglishpeople'sshyness.[D]ThecodeofbehaviorofthenationalitiesinEurope.答案及解析：1.A细节题。文章第一段第二句指出，据称英国人与其他国家的人性格之所以不同，与他们居住在一个与其他欧洲国家隔绝的孤岛有很大关系，所以A正确。2.B语义题。结合上文的theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell可知，在熟人面前英国人都是安静、害羞、少言寡语的，由此推断，他们见到陌生人，更回感到拘束和紧张，所以B正确。3.D推断题。结合文章第二段引述的进入车厢时应该和所有乘客握手和Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious可知，引述部分只是一句戏言，作者真正想要表达的意思是，外国人不能违背英国人那一套行为规则，所以D正确。4.C推断题。文章第三段指出，英国人很少公开表露极端的热情和情感，尽管英国人的感受并不比其他人的少，随后列举的英国人谦虚、冷漠的表达方式都表每年感了英国人对情感的表现很节制，所以C正确。5.B主旨题。文章主要要谈了英国人缄默、情感不外露的性格特征及其形成的原因，所以B正确。2.Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowthbutmorebyaccidentthatdesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.

Brazil’spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99％ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93％ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.

Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas(通俗电视连续剧)andinstalment(分期付款)plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld’sbiggestproduceersofsoapoperas.Globl,Brazil’smostpopulartelevisionnetwork,showsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweek,whilethreeothersshowatleastonehouranight.Mostsoapsarebasedonwealthycharacterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.

"Althoughtheyhaveneverreallytriedtoworkinamissagetowardstheproblemsofreproduction,theydescribemiddleandupperclassvaluesnotmanychildren,differentattitudestowardssex,womenworking,"saysMartine."TheysentthisimagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeopleconsciousofotherpatternsofbehaviourandothervalues,whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage."

Meanwhile,theinstalmentplanstriedtoencouragethepoortobecomeBroadlyspeaking,itmeanstherearetwoclasses,the“middleclass”andthe“workingclass”.(Weshallignoreforamomenttheold“upperclass”,includingthehereditaryaristocracy,sinceitisextremelysmallinnumbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttositintheHouseofLords,andsomenewspaperstakeasurprisinginterestintheirprivatelife.)Themiddleclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandprofessionalpeopleofallkinds.Theworkingclassconsistschieflyofmanualandunskilledworkers.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenthemisintheiraccent.Middle-classpeopleuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedpronunciation”whichisthekindofEnglishspokenbyBBCannouncersandtaughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegenerallyfelttoberatheruglyanduneducated.OneofthebiggestbarriersofsocialequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classeducationsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”immediatelymarksyououtasoneofthemiddleclass.Themiddleclassestendtoliveamoreformallifethanworking-classpeople,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealis“lunch”andtheyhavearatherformaleveningmealcalled“dinner”,whereastheworkingman’sdinner,ifhisworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledsupper.Aswehavesaid,however,theclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitwas,andforalongtimeithasbeengovernmentpolicytoreduceclassdistinctions.『Working-classstudentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandentertheprofessions,andworking-classincomeshavegrownsomuchrecentlythatthedistinctionsbetweenthetwoclassesarebecominglessandlessclear.』②However,regardlessofone’ssocialstatus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-bredpersonispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourerwiththesamerespecthegivesanimportantbusinessman.Servilityinspiresbothembarrassmentanddislike.Eventheword“sir”,exceptinschoolandincertainoccupations(e.g.commerce,thearmyetc.)soundstooserviletobecommonlyused.1.Themiddleclassmainlyreferstopeople.A.whowerebornasaristocratB.whohavetherighttositintheHouseofLordsC.whospeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentsD.whoareprosperousbusinessmenorwhoworkinsomeprofessions2.ThemostobviousdifferencebetweentheworkingclassandthemiddleclassinEnglishistheir.A.dressB.workC.accentD.meal3.Whyisn’ttheword“sir”commonlyusedinBritain?A.Becauseitsoundstooservileandislikelytocauseembarrassment.B.Becauseitcanonlybeusedinsomecertainoccupations.C.Becauseitisanimpoliteword.D.Becauseitshowsthatthespeakerisnotawell-bredperson.4.The“upperclass”inEnglandtoday.A.areextremelysmallinnumbersothatmediapaysnoattentiontothemB.stillusesoldwords