上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题

1.ListeningprehensionSectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakersAttheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.AtanairportB.InahotelC.Atapolicestation.D.Atarestaurant2.A.At4:20B.At4:40C.At4:50.D.At4:303.A.ItspriceB.ItslocationC.ItsfortD.Itsfacilities4.AEmployerandemployB.HusbandandwifeC.TeacherandstudentD.Patientanddoctor5.A.Tocancelhistrip.B.TogotobedearlyC.TocatchthelaterflightD.Toaskforamorningcall.6.A.Cathyalreadyknowsabouttheexhibit.B.Cathyhastoactinaplay.C.Hedidshowheroneofthesigns.D.Therewillbeanexhibitinthetheatre.7.A.ThecritichasaveryfunnymentonthemusicalBThewomanagreeswiththemansopinionofthemusical.C.Thewomanhasaverypositivementonthemusical.D.Themanandthewomandifferintheiropinionofthemusical.8.A.Davidneverlikestoplaytennis.B.David'sunabletoplaytenniswiththem.C.Davidisn'taverygoodtennisplayer.D.Davidisintownforagameoftennis.9.A.Satisfied.B.Impatient.C.Exhausted.D.Amused.10.A.Hewantstogetanewjob.B.Heisaskingthewomanforhelp.C.Hehasleftthewomanagoodimpression.DHeenjoysletterwriting.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Shewantedtohaveagardensimilartotheirneighbour's.B.Herhusbandwouldliketohaveabeautifulbackyard.C.Shewasgoingtomaketherentedhouseherownhome.D.Themunityrequiredthemtokeepthebackyardlovely.12.A.Bygettinginvolvedindoingvoluntarywork.B.Bypickingupmailsfortheirneighbours.C.Bykeepinganeyeontheirneighbours'children.D.Byplantingtreesalongthestreetwithothers.13.A.Herhusbandvolunteeredtoworkintheneighbourhood.B.Theytookonnewresponsibilitiesfortheirneighbours.C.Shewasplanningtoplantanewgardeninthebackyard.D.Sheenjoyedtherelationshiptheybuiltwiththemunity.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.TofindoutwhatcoverstheEarth.B.TolistalllivingthingsonEarth.C.Toworkoutthenumberofbirds.D.Tosavetheexistingplants.15.A.Itisrunbyschoolstudents.B.Itfocusesondifferenttypesofgrass.C.Itprovidesdifferentlevelsofinformation.D.Itallowsnonscientiststoreviewitsdata.16.A.WemayknowjustasmallpartofallthelivingcreaturesofEarth.B.WehavelearntmostofthelivingcreaturesonEarth.C.OnlyscientistscanhelptomaketheEncyclopediaofLife.D.Itwon'tbelongbeforescientistscollectallthedatatheyneed.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itisaclubforpeoplefromdifferentcountriestosocialize.B.ItisaclubforBritishpeopletosocializeinWashington.C.Itisaclubforpeoplefromdifferentcountriestodiscussbusiness.D.Itisaclubwhicharrangesforpeoplefromdifferentcountriestodosportstogether.18.A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Wednesday.D.Thursday.19.A.ShecanstudyandpractiseGermanfreeofcharge.B.Shecanhaveamealinarestaurantwithanyonefromdifferentcountries.C.Shecanmunicatewithallthesixtymembersatthemoment.D.Shedoesn'tneedtopayforherfirstmonthintheclub.20.ANoactivityisorganizedbyInternationalFriendsClubonWednesday.B.ThewomancametoAmericathreemonthsago.C.InternationalFriendsCluborganizessportseventsforitsmembers.D.IfonewantstojoininInternationalFriendsClub,heshouldfillinaform.=2\*ROMANII.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TimetoEndLonelinessUSauthorHenryRollinsoncewrote:"Lonelinessaddsbeautytolife.Itputsaspecialburnonsunsetsandmakesnightairsmellbetter.Indeed,intheeyesofartists,lonelinessneverseemstogooutofstyle.Therearepaintingsthatportrayloneliness,songsthat(21)_______(inspire)byloneliness,andmanyworksofliteraturethatcenteraroundthistheme.IntheeyesofUKeconomistRachelReeves,however,lonelinessisfarfromromantic.Instead,it'sa"giantevil"that'sbeeaseriousprobleminthecountry.OnJan17,UKPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedpoliticianTraceyCrouchasthecountry’sveryfirst"MinisterforLoneliness".Herjobis(22)______(deal)withthelonelinessthatthecountry'sbeenfeeling—aproblemwhich,accordingtoUKgovernmentresearch,isaffectingmorethan9millionpeopleinthecountry,and(23)______bemoreharmfultoone'sphysicalandmentalhealththansmoking15cigarettesaday.Backin2014,theUKwasgiventhetitleofthe"lonelinesscapitalofEurope"byTheTelegraph.AsurveycarriedoutbythenewspaperfoundthatBritishpeoplewere(24)______(likely)togettoknowtheirneighboursorbuildstrongrelationshipswithpeoplethanthosefromotherEuropeancountries.Butthisdoesn'tmeanitistheproblem(25)_____(affect)Britonsonly.Infact,wereallsufferingfromlonelinessnowmorethanever,inspiteofmostoftheworldnowbeinglinkedtotheinternet,(26)______hasenabledustobemoreconnectedthanever.(27)________weneed,accordingtoKimLeadbetter,sisterofthelateUKpoliticianJoCox,istohave"properhumanconnections"."Ourlivesnowadaysaresobusy.Wespendthevastmajorityofourtimeonourphones,onourlaptops.(28)_____________________busyweare,weneedtopresspauseonthatandactuallysitdownandspeaktohumanbeings,"Leadbettersaidataneventlastyear.Butthefirststepstoward(29)_______(fight)thisproblemaretoacceptitsexistenceandnotbeashamedorfrightenedbyit.Afterall,(30)______loneliness,manybeautifulpaintings,songs,andliteraryworkswouldn'tevenexist.Whetheritis"evil"ornot,beinglonelyissimplypartoftheexperienceofbeinghumman.SectionBDirection:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.analyzingB.maintainC.designedD.coveredE.capableF.figuresG.recentlyH.weighingI.undoubtedlyJ.releaseK.postsRobotsWritingNewspapersWhetherit'srobotsworkingashotelreceptionistsorartificialintelligencecreatingpoetry,it'sbeingmoreandmoremontoreadabouttechnologydoingthejobsofhumans.Andnow,itseemsthatsoftwareiseven31ofwritingnewsstories—suchastheveryoneyou'rereading.BBCNews32reportedthatthePressAssociation(PA),aUKnewsservice,hascreatedaputerprogramthat'spetenttocreatearticlesthatarealmostimpossibletotellapartfromthosewrittenbyhumanjournalists.Called"robojournalism"byBBCNews,suchsoftware"teaches"itselfby33thousandsofnewsstorieswrittenbyhumans.ThePA'ssoftwareisalreadysoadvancedthatmanyUKnewspapersandwebsitespublisharticlescreatedbyit.AccordingtotheReutersInstituteofJournalism,manypublishersareusingrobojournalismto34interestinginformationquickly,fromelectionresultstoofficial35onsocialissues.Forexample,USnewsorganizationTheWashingtonPosthasitsownrobojournalismsoftware,Heliograf.AccordingtotechwebsiteDigiday,Heliograf"wrote"over850articlesin2017,aswellashundredsofsocialmedia36.Sowhatdoesthismeanforregularjournalists?"We'renaturallycautiousaboutanytechnologythatcouldreplacehumanbeings."FredrickKunkle,aWashingtonPostreporter,toldWired."Butthistechnologyseemstohavetakenoveronlysomeoftheworkthatnobodyelsewantstodo."Indeed,itappearsthatrobojournalismsoftwareis37tohelphumans,ratherthantakeawaytheirjobs."Inthefuture,Heliografcoulddothingslikesearchingthewebtoseewhatpeoplearetalkingabout,checkingTheWashingtonPosttoseeifthatstoryisbeing38,and,ifnot,alertingeditorsorjustwritingthepieceitself,WiredreporterJoeKeohawrote.However,JoshuaBentonatHarvarduniversity'sNiemanJournalismLabbelievesthatwhilerobojournalismis39goingtobeemorepresentinnewsrooms,nothingcanreplacetraditionalhumancreativity."Goodjournalismisnotjustamatterofinputsandoutputs,itisacraftthathasdevelopedoverdecades,"hetoldBBCnews."Thereallydifficultpartofwhatprofessionaljournalistsdo—carefully40informationandpresentingbalanced,contextualized(全景式的)stones—willbeveryhardformachinestomaster."=3\*ROMANIII.ReadingprehensionSectionADirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandard41:keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity?Dosomekindsofpersonalities42longerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionby43thepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoingmore44andlessneurotic(神经质的)thanotherpeople,longlivingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwitha(n)45lifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:Thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenough46tomakeitthroughtoughtimes.Interestingly,47,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreselfdisciplined,48,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also,being49tonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglife,whichmightexplainallthosebadtemperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyour50asanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife,youshould51tobeasoutgoingaspossible.Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmotherspersonalitymayalsohelp52yourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkids53diets,Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe'readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdyingyounger.Personalityisn'tdestin(命运),andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn'tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.Therefore,itmightbe54toformthosepersonalitytraitscontributingtolongevitythroughhealthrelatedbehaviours,stressreductionand55tothechallengingproblems.41.A.statements B.definitions C.applications D.explanations42.A.resultfrom B.leadto C.relyon D.consistof43.A.assessing B.interviewing C.examining D.diagnosing44.A.active B.extensive C.persuasive D.sensitive45.A.agreeable B.normal C.changeable D.formal46.A.resources B.associations C.procedures D.interactions47.A.therefore B.however C.furthermore D.otherwise48.A.inotherwords B.asusual C.inaddition D.forinstance49.A.resistant B.open C.blind D.alert50.A.perspective B.ambition C.personality D.philosophy51.A.reject B.strive C.claim D.oppose52.A.extend B.restrict C.shorten D.determine53.A.unhealthy B.nutritious C.adequate D.moderate54.A.predictable B.advisable C.sustainable D.enjoyable55.A.temptation B.introduction C.adaptation D.objectionSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AOneFridaymorning,beforeMichaelwasleavingforworkhetoldhiswifethathehadfinallydeterminedtoaskhisbossforasalaryraise.AlldayMichaelfeltnervousandanxiousashethoughtabouttheupingshowdown.WhatifMr.Duncanrefusedtogranthisrequest?Michaelhadworkedsohardinthelast18monthsandbroughtsomegreatbenefitstoBraerandHopkinsAdvertisingAgency.Ofcourse,hedeservedawageincrease.ThethoughtofwalkingintoMr.Duncan'sofficeleftMichaelweakintheknees.Lateintheafternoonhewasfinallycourageousenoughtoapproachhissuperior.Tohisdelightandsurprise,theeverfrugal(一惯节省的)RowlandDuncanagreedtogiveMichaelaraise!Michaelarrivedhomethateveningdespitebreakingallcityandstatelimitstoabeautifultablesetwiththeirbestchina,andcandleslit.Hiswife,Cassie,hadpreparedadelicatemealincludinghisfavouritedishes.Immediatelyhethoughtsomeonefromtheofficehadtippedheroff!NexttohisplateMichaelfoundabeautifulletterednote.Itwasfromhiswife.Itread:"Congratulations,mylove!Iknewyou'dgettheraise!IpreparedthisdinnertoshowjusthowmuchIloveyou.Iamsoproudofyouracplishments!"HereaditandstoppedtothinkabouthowsensitiveandcaringCassiewas.Afterdinner,MichaelwasonhiswaytothekitchentogetdessertwhenheobservedthatasecondcardhadslippedoutofCassie'spocketontothefloor.Hebentforwardtopickitup.Itread:"Don'tworryaboutnotgettingtheraise!Youdodeserveone!YouareawonderfulproviderandIpreparedthisdinnertoshowyoujusthowmuchIloveyoueventhoughyoudidnotgettheincrease."SuddenlytearsswelledinMichael'seyes.Totalacceptance!Cassie'ssupportforhimwasnotconditionaluponhissuccessatwork.Thefearofrejectionisoftensoftenedandwecanundergoalmostanysetbackorrejectionwhenweknowsomeonelovesusregardlessofoursuccessorfailure.56.WhatwasMichaelsplanthatFriday?A.TofindajobwiththeBraerandHopkinsAdvertisingAgency.B.Toaskforawageincreasefromhisboss.C.Tocelebratehissuccess.D.Toaskhisbosstoefordinner.57.Onhiswaybackhome,Michael______.A.feltweakinthekneesB.waspunishedbythetrafficpolicemanC.wastooanxioustosharethenewswithhiswifeD.couldn'twaittoenjoyameal58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestoryisFALSE?A.Michaelwasafraidthathisrequestwouldleadtoadisaster.B.Michaelhadworkedveryhardanddonehispartforthepany.C.Michael'sbossagreedtohisrequest.D.OneofMichael'scolleagueshadtoldhiswifethegoodnews.59.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMichael'swife,Cassie?A.Passionate,thoughtfulandtalented.B.Considerate,generousandreliable.C.Decisive,optimisticandenergetic.D.Caring,tolerantandsupportive.BEightDaysfromjustE399DepartsMay—October2018Includes:Returnflightsfrom8UKairportstoNaplesReturnairporttohoteltransportSevennights'acmodationatthe3☆HotelNiceTheservicesofguidesGovernmenttaxesJoinusforawonderfulholidayinoneofEurope'smostwonderfulers.Longafavouritewithholidaymakers—indeedtheancientRomanscalledthearea"happyland"—thissimplyattractivecoastlineofcolourfultowns,splendidviewsandthewarmMediterraneanSeaisaperfectchoiceforatrulymemorableholiday!ChoosebetweenthepeacefultraditionalvillageofSant'Agata,setonahillsidesixmilesfromSorrento,orthemorelivelyandwell—knowninternationalresorttownofSorrento,withwonderfulviewsovertheBayofNaples.Breathtakingsceneryandfamoussightseverywhere.FromthelegendaryIslandofCapritothehauntingruinsofPompeiiandfromtheunforgettable"AmalfiDrive"tothedelightfulresortsofPositano,SorrentoandRavello,theareaisafeastfortheeyes!Shouldyouchoosetojoinus,weknowthatyouwillnotbedisappointed!WithachoiceofhotelsandoptionalexcursionsincludingCapri,Pompeiandthe"AmalfiDrive",thisisatrulyunmissableholiday.Pricebasedontwotouristssharingatwin/doubleroomattheHotelNice.Liketoknowmore?ThentelephoneNewmarketAirHolidaysLtdon:08452267766(Allcallschargedatlocalrates).60.Allthefollowingareincludedinthepriceof￡399EXCEPT_______.A.transportbetweentheairportandthehotelB.telephonecallsmadebytouristsC.theservicesofguidestotouristsD.doubleroomsforeverytwotourists61.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A.ToinvitepeopletotakeabreathintheBayofNaples.B.ToadvisepeopletotelephoneNewmarketAirHolidaysLtd.C.TopersuadepeopletotourintheareaoftheMediterraneanSea.D.ToattractpeopletogotoSant'AgataorSorrentoforsightseeing.62.Theunderlinedpart"theareaisafeastfortheeyes"inthepassagemean_______.A.theareaispleasingtotheeyeB.theareaisreallyunforgettableC.theareacatchesthetourists'eyeD.theareaiscrowdedwithtouristsC"Mondaymorningfeeling"couldbeacrushingpaininthechestwhichleavesyousweatingandgaspingforbreath.RecentresearchfromGermanyandItalyshowsthatheartattacksaremoremononMondaymorningsanddoctorsblamethestressofreturningtoworkaftertheweekendbreak.heriskofhavingaheartattackonanygivendayshouldbeoneinseven,butasixyearstudyhelpedbyresearchersattheFreeUniversityofBerlinofmorethan2,600Germansrevealedthattheaveragepersonhada20percenthigherchanceofhavingaheartattackonaMondaythanonanyotherday.WorkingGermansareparticularlynotprotectedagainstattack,witha33percenthigherriskatthebeginningoftheworkingweek.Nonworkers,byparison,appeartobenomoreatriskonaMondaythananyotherday.Astudyof11,000Italiansproved8amonaMondaymorningasthemoststressfultimefortheheart,andbothstudiesshowedthatSundayistheleaststressfulday,withfewerheartattacksinbothcountries.Thefindingscouldleadtoabetterunderstandingofwhatistheimmediatecauseofheartattacks,accordingtoDr.StefanWillichoftheFreeUniversity."Weknowalotaboutlongtermriskfactorssuchassmokingandcholesterol(胆固醇)butwedon'tknowwhatactuallycausesheartattacks,sowecan'tmakespecificremendationsabouthowtopreventthem,"hesaid.Mondaymorningshaveadoublehelpingofstressfortheworkingbodyasitmakesarapidchangefromsleeptoactivity,andfromtherelaxingweekendtothepressuresofwork."Whenpeoplegetup,theirbloodpressureandheartrategoupandtherearehormonal(荷尔蒙的)changesintheirbodies.”Willichexplained.“Allthesethingscanhaveanunfavorableeffectinthebloodsystemandincreasetheriskofaclot(血凝块)inthearteries(动脉)whichwillcauseaheartattack."Whenpeoplereturntoworkafteraweekendoff,thepaceoftheirlifechanges.Theyhaveahigherworkload,morestress,moreangerandmorephysicalactivity,"saidwillich."Weneedtoknowhowtheseeventscausechangesinthebodybeforewecanunderstandiftheycauseheartattacks."Butalthoughitistemptingtobelievethatreturningtoworkincreasestheriskofaheartattack,bothWillichandtheItalianresearchersadmitthatitisonlyapartialanswer.Bothstudiesshowedthattheover65sarealsovulnerableonMondaymorningeventhoughmostnolongerwork.Thereasonforthisisnotclear,buttheItalianteamspeculatedthatthesocialinteractionsthethoughtoffacinganotherweekandallitspressures—mayplayapart.Whatisclear,however,isthattheMondaymorningpeakseemstobeconsistentfromthenorthernGermanytosouthernItalyinspiteofthedifferencesindietandlifestyle.63.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.20%oftheItaliansappeartohavehigherpossibilityofhavingheartattacks.B.33%oftheGermanshaveheartdiseases,soheartattacksaremoremoninGermanythaninanyothercountry.C.TheriskofhavingheartattacksonMondaymorningsisthesameasonanyotherdayoftheweektononworkers.D.nonsmokersaremorelikelytohaveheartattacksonSundays.64.Theover65saremorelikelytosufferfromheartattacksonMondaymorningspossiblybecause______.A.theyareafraidofreturningtoworkB.theyarereluctanttofacethepressuresofanotherweekC.mostofthemarenotingoodhealthD.theyaremuchbusieronMondaysthanonanyotherdaysoftheweek65.Inthefollowingresearch,Dr.Willichwillprobablytrytofindout______.A.ifsmokingandcholesterolwillcauseheartattackB.ifincreaseinbloodpressure,heartrateandhormonalchangeswillcauseheartattacksC.onwhichdaypeopleareleastlikelytohaveaheartattackD.ifeventslikehigherworkload,morestressandsoonwillcauseheartattacks.66.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CausesofHeartAttacksonMondays.B.Warning:MondaysAreBadforYourHeart.C.TheOverweightandSmokersRiskHeartAttacksonMondays.D.ReduceYourChanceofHavingHeartAttacksonMondays.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.ForOpenClassrooms,thepanywillcertainlymakeprofitsasatechnologyprovider.B.Anditcanexplainwhymoreandmorepeopletendtoapplyforonlinecourses.Cit'stheexactsamedegreethatyouwouldgetatIESA,exceptthatyouwon'tseeanyteachers.D.That’swhyeveryweek,youwillgettovideochatwithateacher.E.ForOpenClassrooms,thepanywillsurelyenjoyareputationforitstechnology.F.OpenClassroomsletsyouworkandstudyatthesametime,andpayalotless.Youwon'thaveanyexcusetoskipclassanymore.FrenchstartupOpenClassroomsisofferingthefirststaterecognizedbachelordegreeinFrancethatusesonlyMOOCs(massiveopenonlinecourses).ThestartuppartneredwithIESAMultimediatocreatethisprogram.Therearethreelearningpathsinengineering,designandmarketingStudentswillhavetopleteallthecoursesandrequiredprojectsinordertogettheirdegree.67IESAisalreadyworkingon40differentMOOCSforthisprogram.Onaverage,itwilltakeayearofhardworkinordertopletealltheclasses.Asalways,it'shardtokeepgoingwhenyousignupforaMOOC.68Thiskindofdegreehasmanykeyadvantages.ForIESA,itgivestheschoolmorestudents.IESAisaprivateschool,anditsendgoalistomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible.SowiththesenewMoocstudents,IESAwillbeabletogetmoremoneyperteacheronaverage.69Thestartupalreadyoffersacoursefore20permonth,butyouneedtopayE300permonthforthePremiumPlusofferingtousethestaterecognizedprogram.it'sunclearhowmuchOpenClassroomswillkeep,butitshouldbemorethan€20permonth.Forstudents,it'sacheaperwaytogetadegree.Maybeyoucan'taffordtostudyforthreeyearsatIESAandpay€6,950peryear.70Sure,it'sprobablyalessenjoyableexperiencethangoingtoyourschoolandspendingtimewithotherstudentsandteachers,butitmakessenseforsomestudents.It'saninterestingnewdirectionforOpenClassrooms,andIcan'twaittoseewhetherotherschoolswillstartworkingwiththestartuptoprovideonlinecourses.Itwillbeinterestingtoseewhetherthefirststudentsaresatisfiedwiththiskindofdegreeaswell.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Thesharingeconomyhasgrowninrecentyearstoincludeeverythingfromapartmentsharingtocarsharingtomunitytoolsharing.Since2009,anewformofthesharingeconomyhasbeenemerginginneighbourhoodsthroughouttheUSandaroundtheworldLittleFreeLibraries.Thelibrariesareboxesputinneighbourhoodsfromwhichlocalpeoplecantakeoutandputinbooks.LittleFreeLibrarieseinallshapesandsizes.Somelibrariesalsohavethemes,focusingonbooksforchildren,adultsortourguides.In2009,TodBolbuiltthefirstLittleFreeLibraryintheMississippiRivertownofHudson,Wisconsin,tohonourhismother,wholovedreading.Whenhesawthepeopleof