浙江省金兰教育合作组织2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

2023～2024学年第二学期浙江金兰教育合作组织高一年级期中考试英语考生须知：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场、座位号及准考证号并核对条形码信息；3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效，考试结束后，只需上交答题卷；4.参加联批学校的学生可关注“启望教育”公众号查询个人成绩分析。选择题部分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Cleanthefloor.B.Putupanotice.C.Offerthewomanfreecoffee.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Buynewpencils.B.Goforahike.C.Giveuppaintingthistime.3.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Bookaseat.B.Takesomefood.C.Havearest.4.WhyisLisamentioned?A.Sheprovidedinformationforthewoman.B.Sheisinchargeoftheproject.C.Shewillseekpermissionfromamanager.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablygettoworknow?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Byebike.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomanfindithardtodolastnight?A.Fixthewalls.B.Singasong.C.Gotosleep.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Husbandandwife.C.Friends.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredidthemanputhisbikelastnight?A.Insidethehouse.B.Behindthehouse.C.Besideatree.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepolice?A.They’reoccupied.B.They’recareless.C.They’reconsiderate.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Listeningcarefullyinclass.B.Visitingtheschool’swebsite.C.Makingaparison.11.Whodoesthewomanthinkwillwinthepetition?A.Mr.Alban.B.Mr.Norris.C.Mr.Wolf.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.Aschool.C.Theteachers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.14.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman’slife?A.It’sextremelybusy.B.It’squitenormal.C.It’sabithard.15.Whatshouldthewomandoaccordingtotheman?A.Changeherlifestyle.B.Havesometests.C.Getmorerest.16.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Concerned.B.Relaxed.C.Surprised.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Makinganannouncement.B.Deliveringaspeech.C.Holdingapressconference.18.Howmanyhourswilltheworklasteachday?A.Four.B.Five.C.Seven.19.Whatwilltheworkersdoonthethirdday?A.Cleantheparkinglot.B.Cutthetreebranches.C.Repairtheroadsurface.20.Whocantheresidentsturntowhentheyhavequestions?A.Linda.B.Mr.Johansen.C.Theworkers.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。AMusicisaninternationallanguage,spanningculturesacrosstheworld,and,infact,acrosstime.Lookingattoday’smusicallandscape,certaincitiestrulystandoutfortheirmusicscenes.Herewe’renamingsomeofourfavoritecitiesformusic.NashvilleWiththenickname“MusicCity”,Nashvillemakesourlistofbestmusiccities.You’reboundtohearlivemusicanywhere,whetheratyourhotelbar,oratthehistoricRymanAuditorium.NashvilleisnotonlyhometotheCountryMusicHallofFameandtheJohnnyCashMuseum,butit’sstillactiveintherecordingstudioscene.ViennaIfyou’reafterclassicalmusiconyournextvacation,besuretoheadtoVienna.OncethecapitaloftheHabsburgEmpire,thecitywasthecenterofallsocietalaffairswhichincludedmusic.Thegreatestclassicalposers—fromMozarttoHaydntoBeethoventoMahler—alllivedandworkedinViennaatonepointoranother.NewYorkNewYorkhasbeendescribedasa“meltingpot(熔炉)”ofcultures,andthatappliestoitsmusic,too.The20thcenturywasparticularlyfruitfulforNewYork’smusicscene.Duringthistime,itbecamethebirthplaceofhiphop,disco,andsalsamusic,amongotherstyles.Thelisttrulygoesonandon.NewOrleansThecityisfilledwithjazz,whereyoucanlistentothegreatmusiceverynight.Ofcourse,youcancatchjazzatvenuesacrosstown—thegenrewasbornhere,afterall.Ifyou’reahugejazzfan,youmightwanttoconsidervisitingduringtheannualNewOrleansJazz&HeritageFestival.1.Whichcityismoreattractivetovisitorswhowanttoknowtheclassicalmusicians?A.Nashville. B.Vienna. C.NewYork. D.NewOrleans.2.WhatisspecialaboutNewYorkasamusiccity?A.Itisameetingpointingforvariousstylesofmusic.B.ItisrecognizedasthebirthplaceandhotareaofJazz.C.Itholdsmusicalfestivalsforhippopanddiscofanseachyear.D.Itenablespeopletoenjoytheliveshowsinsideandoutsidehotelbars.3Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aposter. B.Anewsreport. C.Anencyclopedia. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍世界各地负有盛名的音乐之城，如纳什维尔、维也纳、纽约、新奥尔良。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Vienna部分中的“Thegreatestclassicalposers—fromMozarttoHaydntoBeethoventoMahler—alllivedandworkedinViennaatonepointoranother.(最伟大的古典作曲家——从莫扎特到海顿，从贝多芬到马勒——都曾在维也纳生活和工作过)”可知，许多伟大的古典音乐家曾在维也纳生活并工作，游客可通过游览该城市深入了解这些音乐家。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据NewYork部分中的“NewYorkhasbeendescribedasa“meltingpot(熔炉)”ofcultures,andthatappliestoitsmusic,too.(纽约被描述为文化的“大熔炉”，这也适用于它的音乐)”可知，纽约作为一个音乐城市，它是各种音乐风格的交汇点。故选A。【3题详解】：推理判断题。根据首段“Musicisaninternationallanguage,spanningculturesacrosstheworld,and,infact,acrosstime.Lookingattoday’smusicallandscape,certaincitiestrulystandoutfortheirmusicscenes.(音乐是一种国际语言，跨越了世界各地的文化，事实上，跨越了时间。看看今天的音乐景观，有些城市的音乐场景真的很突出)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍世界各地负有盛名的音乐之城，如纳什维尔、维也纳、纽约、新奥尔良，所以推知这篇文章最有可能来源于杂志专栏。故选D。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShuYanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17thcenturyChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20thcenturyAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoacpanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A.Amused. B.Surprised. C.Confused. D.Fascinated.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.Headmiredthosepeoplehementioned.C.HehadbeentoChinaseveraltimes. D.HemetJosephRockinperson.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theylosttheirmindswhilewalking.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.WhichcanbestdescribePaulSalopek?A.Determinedandknowledgeable. B.Courageousandgenerous.C.Optimisticandcautious. D.Traditionalanddependable.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，在历史悠久的茶马古道上，遇到了要用双脚环游地球的PaulSalopek，决定陪Paul去云南，描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.”（我不得不承认，当我第一次听说PaulSalopek要用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时，我惊呆了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。）可推知，作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.”（保罗认为他们中的许多人是英雄，在某种意义上是中国慢新闻的先驱。）可推知，PaulSalopek很欣赏这些人。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段的“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.”（我们在路上遇到了很多人。有些人很好奇，围在我们周围看着我们；有些人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们到他们家里休息；一些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。我们遇到了许多美丽的灵魂，简单的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的意念行走。）可知，第四段主要说明了作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.”（我不得不承认，当我第一次听说PaulSalopek要用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时，我惊呆了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。），可知PaulSalopek要用自己的两只脚走完整个地球，可以得出他是一个determinedpeople（意志坚定的人）；从第二段的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.”（他非常兴奋地和我谈论我所在地区的历史、移民和发现。）可知，他是一个知识渊博的人。故选A。CTheJapanesegovernmentsaiditplannedtobeginthedischarge(排放)ofslightlyradioactivewastewaterfromtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearplantonThursday,rejectingcallsforadelayfromsomepeopleinneighboringcountries.AnearthquakeandtsunamiknockedoutpowerattheFukushimanuclearplantonMarch11,2011,causingmeltdownsatthreereactors.Tritium(氚)andcarbon14are,respectively,radioactiveformsofhydrogen(氢)andcarbon,andaredifficulttoseparatefromwater.Theyarewidelypresentinthenaturalenvironment,waterandeveninhumans,astheyareformedintheEarth’satmosphereandcanenterthewatercycle.Bothemitverylowlevelsofradiationbutcanposeariskifabsorbedinlargequantities.Waterwhichwasusedtocoolreactorcoresaswellasrainwaterandgroundwaterthatflowedintoorneartheplanthavebeencontaminatedwithradioactivesubstances.PlantoperatorTokyoElectricPower,orTepco,hasstoredthewaterinmorethan1,000tanksatthefacilitybutsaysitisrunningoutofroom.Tepcosaysitwillreducetheconcentration(浓度)ofnearlyallradioactivesubstancesinthewastewatertoasafelevelwiththeexceptionoftritium,anisotope(同位素)ofhydrogen.Thewaterwillthengetdiluted(稀释)withseawatersotheconcentrationoftritiumisreducedtoasafelevelbeforethedischarge,accordingtoTepco.Asthewaterisdilutedfurtherintheocean,theconcentrationoftritiumwillalmostequalthenaturallevelby6milesfromthedischargepoint,whichisattheendofanunderseatunnelaboutsixtenthsofamilefromtheshoreline,aTepcoofficialsaid.Butthathasn’treassuredmanyofJapan’sneighbors,withofficialsfromChinaandthePacificIslandsvoicingalarmandoppositiontotheplan.Beijingwilltake“necessarymeasures”tosafeguardfoodsafetyanditspeople’shealth,saidChineseforeignministryspokespersonWangWenbinonTuesday,addingthey“stronglyurgetheJapanesesidetocorrectitswrongfuldecision”.Meanwhile,fishingmunitiesinJapanandSouthKoreaworrythewastewaterreleasecouldmeantheendoftheirlivelihoods—withconsumersacrosstheregionalreadybeginningtoquitseafoodfromJapananditsnearbywaters,andsomegovernmentsevenbanningimportedfoodfrompartsofJapan,includingFukushima.8.Themeltdownsatthreereactorswerecausedby________.A.thegreenhouseeffect B.humanbehaviourC.climatechange D.naturaldisasters9.Theunderlinedword“contaminated”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.purified B.reduced C.polluted D.operated10.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoTepco?A.Morethan1,000tanksatthefacilitycanstorealltheradioactivewastewater.BTheconcentrationofallradioactivesubstanceswillbereducedtoasafelevel.C.Thedischargewon’taffectthecoastalresidentssincethedischargepointisabout0.6milesoffshore.D.Theconcentrationoftritiumwillbenearlyatthenaturallevelafterbeingdilutedfurtherintheocean.11.ThedischargewasopposedbysomecountriesandmunitiesinJapanandSouthKoreabecause________.A.peopleintheseareascouldn’tmakeaprofitinthefutureB.itwouldthreatenpeople’sphysicalhealthandlivelihoodsC.itwouldbemoredifficulttoimportfoodfrompartsofJapanD.thelocalseafoodwouldbeunaffordableforpeopleintheseareas【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近期日本政府将福岛第一核电站的核污水排放至太平洋的正式计划，对自然与人类的影响及周边地区的反应。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的第二段中“AnearthquakeandtsunamiknockedoutpowerattheFukushimanuclearplantonMarch11,2011,causingmeltdownsatthreereactors.(2011年3月11日，福岛核电站发生地震和海啸，导致三座反应堆熔毁)”可知，地震和海啸摧毁了福岛核电站的电力，导致三个反应堆熔毁，属于自然灾害。故选D项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Bothemitverylowlevelsofradiationbutcanposeariskifconsumedinlargequantities.(两者都发出非常低的辐射水平，但如果大量食用可能会造成风险)”及“Waterwhichwasusedtocoolreactorcoresaswellasrainwaterandgroundwaterthatflowedintoorneartheplanthavebeencontaminatedwithradioactivesubstances.(用于冷却反应堆堆芯的水以及流入或附近的雨水和地下水已被放射性物质……)”可知，大量摄入有辐射的氚和碳14元素是有风险的，因此附近的水会收到放射性元素的“污染”，划线单词contaminated意为“污染”。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Asthewaterisdilutedfurtherintheocean,theconcentrationoftritiumwillalmostequalthenaturallevelby6milesfromthedischargepoint,whichisattheendofanunderseatunnelaboutsixtenthsofamilefromtheshoreline,aTepcoofficialsaid.(东京电力公司的一位官员说，随着水在海洋中的进一步稀释，氚的浓度几乎等于自然水平6英里，距离排放点位于距离海岸线约十分之六英里的海底隧道的尽头)”可知，随着海水在海洋中进一步稀释，氚的浓度将与自然水平难以区分。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Beijingwilltake“necessarymeasures”tosafeguardfoodsafetyanditspeople’shealth,saidChineseforeignministryspokespersonWangWenbinonTuesday,addingthey“stronglyurgetheJapanesesidetocorrectitswrongfuldecision”.(中国外交部发言人汪文斌周二表示，北京将采取“必要措施”保障食品安全和人民健康，并补充说他们“强烈敦促日方纠正其错误决定”)”可知，核污水的排放会威胁到食品安全、身体健康以及居民的生计。故选B项。DTherankingofuniversitiesandcollegesatthenationalgloballevelisawellknowndoubtfulpractice.Imperfectapproachesgenerateinaccurateresultsoftheseinstitutions.Nowadays,prestigious(有威望的)lawandmedicalschoolshavestartedtowalkawayfromthis“evaluation”.Therearetwoobviousmethodologicalproblemswithallofthis.Oneisthatthenumericalrankingssufferfromfalseprecision.IstherereallyadifferencebetweenNo.10andNo.11intheundergraduate(本科生)schoolrankings?JohnsHopkinsUniversityfamouslyhadaplancalled“10by20”withthegoalofgettingtoNo.10by2020.Hopkinsisagreatundergraduateinstitution—whetherit’sNo.10orNo.11ismeaningless,butitdidindeedmakeitintothetop10aheadofschedule,whichnodoubtdelighteditstrusteesandstudents.Theothermethodologicalproblemisthatrankingsrewardthoseschoolsthatpromotemeasurementsbyadmittingstudentswhohavehadtheadvantagesofbetterprecollegeeducationandtestpreparationcoaching,andwhosewealthwillmakethemlikelyfuturedonors.Equallyworthyapplicantswithoutsuchresourceswillfailtoentertheschools.Thegoodnewsisthatinrecentmonths,areckoning(清算)hasbegun.LastSeptember,ColumbiaUniversitychosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankingsafteranenterprisingprofessordiscoveredthattheschoolwasfudgingitsownnumbers.IfColumbia’sdatawerecorrected,itwoulddropfromNo.2toNo.18.Twomonthslater,lawschoolsbeganpushingback.YaleandHarvardLawSchoolsannouncedthattheywouldrefusetoprovidedatatoU.S.News,andseveraloutstandinglawschoolsfollowedsuit.Thisresistancetorankingshasnowbegunintheworldofscience.Thisisagreatsign.Inannouncingitsdecision,thedeanofWashingtonUniversity’smedicalschoolsaid,“…itistimetostopparticipatinginasystemthatdoesnotserveourstudentsortheirfuturepatients.”12.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnsHopkinsUniversity?A.Toshareanexperience. B.Togivespecificexample.C.Tomakeadetailedparison. D.Toillustrateaplicatedconcept.13.WhydidColumbiaUniversitychoosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankings?A.Itsdatawasnotbasedonfacts.B.Itwasleftbehindbyotheruniversities.C.Itdidn’tthinkthesystemservedtheirstudents.D.Otheruniversitieschosetorefusetoparticipateintherankings.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstherankings?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Opposed.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ResistancetoEducationalRankingsB.TheRankingofUniversitiesandCollegesC.EducationalRankings:ScientificorImperfectD.ReasonsforUniversities’RefusalofRankings【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近期全球范围内许多大学和学院反对教育排名的做法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的第二段中“IstherereallyadifferencebetweenNo.10andNo.11intheundergraduateschoolrankings?JohnsHopkinsUniversityfamouslyhadaplancalled“10by20”withthegoalofgettingtoNo.10by2020.”（在本科学院排名中，第10名和第11名真的有区别吗？约翰霍普金斯大学有一个著名的“10到20”计划，目标是到2020年达到世界第10位。）可推知，霍普金斯大学的“10到20”计划是为了证明第10名和第11名区别意义不大，为前文观点提供具体的事例。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“ColumbiaUniversitychosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankingsafteranenterprisingprofessordiscoveredthattheschoolwasfudgingitsownnumbers.”（哥伦比亚大学(ColumbiaUniversity)选择不参加本科排名，原因是一位有魄力的教授发现该校伪造自己的数据。）可知，哥伦比亚大学选择不参加本科排名是因为它的数据并非基于事实。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Thisresistancetorankingshasnowbegunintheworldofscience.Thisisagreatsign.”（这种对排名的抵制现在已经在科学界开始了。这是一个很好的迹象。）可知，作者认为这种对排名的反抗是一个很好的迹象。由此可推知，作者对排名的态度是反对的。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文以及第一段“Therankingofuniversitiesandcollegesatthenationalgloballevelisawellknowndoubtfulpractice.Imperfectapproachesgenerateinaccurateresultsoftheseinstitutions.Nowadays,prestigious(有威望的)lawandmedicalschoolshavestartedtowalkawayfromthis“evaluation”.”（在国家和全球范围内对大学和学院进行排名是一个众所周知的令人怀疑的做法。不完善的方法导致这些机构的结果不准确。如今，著名的法学院和医学院已经开始远离这种“评估”。）可知，本文介绍了对大学和学院进行排名的两大问题以及近几个月来部分学校反对排名的具体行动。故文章最好的标题是“对教育排名的抵制”。故选A。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SeeingtheGoodinOthersManyinteractionsthesedayshaveakindofbumpercar(碰碰车)qualitytothem.Atwork,athome,onthetelephone,orviaemail,webounceoffeachotherwhileweexchangeinformation,smileorfrown,andmoveon.___16___Infact,we’remostlikelytonoticethebadqualitiesinothersratherthanthegoodones.Unfortunately,ifyoufeelsurroundedbylotsofbadqualitiesinothers,younaturallyfeellesssupported,lesssafe,andlesslikelytobegenerousorpursueyourdreams.Plus,itfunctionsoppositely.___17___Butactually,seeingthegoodinothersisasimplewaytofeelhappierandmoreconfident.Belowaresomeusefulsuggestionsforyou.Slowdown.Stepoutofthebumpercarandspendafewmomentsbeingcuriousaboutthegoodqualitiesintheotherperson.___18___Instead,youareopeningyoureyes,takingofftheglassesofthenegativitybias,andseeingwhatthefactsreallyare.Seepositiveintentions.Recently,Iwasatthedentist’s,andherassistanttoldmealongstoryaboutherelectricpany.Mymouthwasfullofcottonwads,andIdidn’tfeelinterested.ButthenIstartednoticingherunderlyingaims:toputmeatease,fillthetimeuntilshecouldpullthecottonout,andconnectwitheachotheraspeople.___19___Goingthroughschool,IroutinelypickedlastforteamsinPE.Then,inmyfirstyearatUCLA,Igaveintramuraltouchfootballatry.Wehadagreatquarterback(四分卫)whowastoosmallforcollegefootball.Afteronepractice,hetoldmeinpassing,“You’regood,andI’mgoingtothrowtoyou.”Iwassurprised.ButthiswasthebeginningofmyrealizationthatIwasactuallyquiteagoodathlete.Hisrecognitionalsomademeplaybetter,whichhelpedourteam.Seepositivecharactertraits.Unlessyou’resurroundedbydeadbeatsandsociopaths,everyoneyouknowmusthavemanyvirtues,suchasdetermination,generosity,kindness,patience,energy,grit,honesty,fairness,orpassion.Takeamomenttoobservevirtuesinothers.___20___A.Seeabilities.B.Cooperatewithothers.C.Youarenotlookingthroughsmogcoloredglasses.D.You,too,havepositiveintentions,realabilities,andvirtuesofmindandheart.E.Howoftendoweactuallytaketheextrafewsecondstoseeothers’goodqualities?F.Youcouldalsomakealistofvirtuesinkeypeopleinyourlife—eveninpeoplewhoarechallengingforyou.G.Whenanotherpersonfeelsthatyoudon’treallyseemuchthat’sgoodinhimorher,thatpersonislesslikelytotakethetimetoseemuchthat’sgoodinyou.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了看到别人的优点能带来的好处。【16题详解】分析可知，前文“Atwork,athome,onthetelephone,orviaemail,webounceoffeachotherwhileweexchangeinformation,smileorfrown,andmoveon.(在工作中，在家里，在中，或通过电子邮件，我们在交换信息时，微笑或皱眉，然后继续前进。)”提到人与人之间的短暂互动。后文“Infact,we’remostlikelytonoticethebadqualitiesinothersratherthanthegoodones.(事实上，我们最容易注意到别人的坏品质，而不是好品质。)”提到了新的话题“注意人的品质”，由此推知，中间缺一个过渡句。选项E“Howoftendoweactuallytaketheextrafewsecondstoseeothers’goodqualities?(我们有多少次会多花几秒钟去了解别人的优秀品质？)”提到了“了解别人的优秀品质”，与后文在话题上可衔接，同时句中的“extrafewseconds(额外的几秒钟)”与前文的短暂互动相对比，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。【17题详解】前文“Plus,itfunctionsoppositely.(另外，它的作用是反向的。)”提到了“反向作用”，由此推知，设空句应讲述如何发挥反向作用。选项G“Whenanotherpersonfeelsthatyoudon’treallyseemuchthat’sgoodinhimorher,thatpersonislesslikelytotakethetimetoseemuchthat’sgoodinyou.(当另一个人觉得你没有真正看到他或她的优点时，那个人就不太可能花时间去看到你的优点。)”具体解释了“反向作用”，即，“你如何待人，人如何待你”，与前文呼应。故选G项。【18题详解】前文“Stepoutofthebumpercarandspendafewmomentsbeingcuriousaboutthegoodqualitiesintheotherperson.(走出碰碰车，花点时间好奇对方身上的优点。)”提到“花时间观察对方的优点”，那么设空句应讲述如何观察。选项C“Youarenotlookingthroughsmogcoloredglasses.(你不是带着有色眼镜看世界。)”提到“不能戴着有色眼镜看世界，看他人”可看作为观察他人的方式，且“smogcoloredglasses(有色眼镜)”与后文“theglassesofthenegativitybias(消极偏见的眼镜)”呼应。故选C项。【19题详解】设空句为该段小标题，应是主旨中心内容。根据该段末尾的总结“Afteronepractice,hetoldmeinpassing,‘You’regood,andI’mgoingtothrowtoyou.’Iwassurprised.ButthiswasthebeginningofmyrealizationthatIwasactuallyquiteagoodathlete.Hisrecognitionalsomademeplaybetter,whichhelpedourteam.(一次练习后，他顺便对我说：“你很棒，我要把球扔给你。”我很惊讶。但这是我开始意识到我其实是一个很好的运动员。他的认可也让我打得更好，这对我们的球队有帮助。)”可知，在本段作者以自己亲身经历为例，强调“看到他人能力”的意义。选项A“Seeabilities.(看到能力。)”概括了该段内容。故选A项。【20题详解】前文“Takeamomenttoobservevirtuesinothers.(花点时间观察别人的优点。)”提到“观察别人的优点”，那么设空句应继续讲述观察到之后还可以做什么。选项F“Youcouldalsomakealistofvirtuesinkeypeopleinyourlife—eveninpeoplewhoarechallengingforyou.(你也可以列出你生活中关键人物的优点，甚至是那些对你有挑战性的人。)”讲到“可以列举出别人的优点”，是进一步的做法，同时“also”与前文构成并列递进关系，前后衔接紧密。故选F项。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Iwalkedthroughthemarketfordiapers(纸尿布),thethingweneededthemost;theywerethefirstthingI___21___.Myoneyearoldson,whowasadmiringeverythingontheshelveswithhismouthopenandeyeswide,waspretty___22___aboutanything.Suddenly,hepointedatabunchofbananasand___23___.“Nanas!”Ipulledoutmywalletonlytofindthelonelybills:afiveandtwoones,withnocoins.Ifthebananasdidn’tweightoomuch,Ihadjustenoughcashto___24___thecost.Otherwise,Ihadtowriteanothercheque.Istill___25___thebananas,happytoseethesmileonmyson’sface.Hetriedtoopenone,butItoldhim,“Notyet,”andhewaitedpatiently.Thetotal___26___cameto$7.87.Igavethecashierthesevendollarsincashandstartedwritinga___27___fortheonlyeightysevencents.Itwashard,andalittle___28___.Itwasalreadyhalfwaywritten,whilea___29___came.“Don’tworry.”Ilookedupattheladywhoreached____30____outofherpurseandhandedittothecashier.“I’vegotsome____31____.”Tryingmybestto____32____tears,Isaid,“Thankyousomuch.”I’llneverforgetthatday,____33____thebeautifulwomanshowedmewhatreal____34____was,thekindofgivingwithlovebehindit.AndI,____35____,willdothesame.WheneverIhavechangeandanyoneinfrontofmeinlineisinneed,Imakesuretodigintomypurseandprovide.21.A.pickedout B.gaveout C.workedout D.turnedout22A.confused B.alarmed C.curious D.disappointed23.A.announced B.argued C.roared D.cried24.A.cover B.measure C.charge D.cut25.A.bought B.grabbed C.removed D.refused26.A.quality B.debt C.amount D.balance27.A.note B.message C.recipe D.cheque28.A.embarrassing B.puzzling C.inspiring D.surprising29.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.yell30.A.change B.reward C.discount D.award31.A.spending B.extra C.budget D.donation32.A.gothrough B.burstinto C.takein D.holdback33.A.but B.since C.yet D.though34.A.treatment B.benefit C.effect D.charity35A.infact B.inparticular C.inturn D.incase【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个母亲带着她一岁的儿子去购买尿布的经历。她只有一些零钱和几张纸币，看到儿子指着香蕉要求买，她决定用这些零钱购买。但是总金额为7.87美元，她只给了7美元现金，剩下的0.87美元需要写支票支付。就在她尴尬地写支票时，一位慷慨的女士帮助她支付了剩下的金额。母亲非常感激，并发誓以后也会向需要帮助的人伸出援手。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我穿过市场买尿布，这是我们最需要的东西；它们是我挑出来的第一件东西。A.pickedout挑选；B.gaveout分发；C.workedout解决，计算出；D.turnedout证明出，结果是。根据上文“Iwalkedthroughthemarketfordiapers,thethingweneededthemost”提到作者穿过市场买尿布，由此可知，此处应表示这些是作者挑出来的第一件东西。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一岁的儿子张大嘴巴，睁大眼睛，欣赏着货架上的一切，对任何事情都很好奇。A.confused困惑的；B.alarmed担忧的；C.curious好奇的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“whowasadmiringeverythingontheshelveswithhismouthopenandeyeswide”提到一岁的儿子张大嘴巴，睁大眼睛，由此可知，此处应表示他对任何事情都很好奇。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他指着一串香蕉大叫了起来。A.announced宣布；B.argued争论；C.roared咆哮；D.cried大声喊叫。根据上文提到的儿子对任何事情都很好奇结合语境可知，此处应表示一岁的儿子指着一串香蕉大叫了起来。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果香蕉不太重话，我的现金刚好够支付费用。A.cover支付；B.measure衡量；C.charge要价，充电；D.cut砍，切。根据上文“Ifthebananasdidn’tweightoomuch”提到如果香蕉不太重的话，可知，此处应表示作者的现金刚好够支付费用。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还是抓着香蕉，开心地看着儿子脸上的笑容。A.bought买；B.grabbed抓着；C.removed移除；D.refused拒绝。根据语境以及下文“happytoseethesmileonmyson’sface.”由