语法系统复习之名词性从句

学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载名词性从句ReadandThink1.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.2.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.3.Thepremier,WenJiabao,paidavisittoGuangxiAutonomousRegion.4.Cleaninguptheclassroomisherjob.5.Wherewewillgohasn’tbeendecided.6.Wehaven’tdecidedwherewewillgo.7.Theproblemisthatmanypeoplecan’taffordhouses.8.Theproblemthatmanypeoplecan’taffordhousesisserious.名词性从句包括：____________________________________________________________________________OddManOut!1.Whetherhewillcomeornotisunknown.2.Thathehaswontheprizeistrue.3.Canyouimaginewhatwillhappennext?4.Whathesaidatthemeetingisreasonable._______________________从句1.Theyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.2.Iheardthatshehasjoinedtheclub.3.Wedon’tknowwhetherhewillattendthemeeting.4.Thequestioniswhywemustdoit._______________________从句1.ThisishowHenrysolvedtheproblem.2.Howwewillmaketheplanhasbeenexplainedclearlybytheteacher.3.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthtrying.4.Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain._______________________从句1.Thefactthathehaswontheprizeistrue.2.Ihavenoideawhathesaidatthemeeting.3.Thereisnodoubtthatshewillbeback.4.Thathesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle._______________________从句观察以下句子，引导词that在句中的作用是什么呢？___________________________________________________________________________________________1.Itisstrangethatwehaven’theardfromhim.2.Inspiteofthefactthatheisoversixty,heisstillfullofenergy.3.ThatshewontheNobelPrizeexcitedus.名词性从句中的连接词有从属连词that/whether/asif，连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever和连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。名词性从句的基本形式:连接词+正常陈述句语序e.g.Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.随堂练习（TorF）：Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()高考链接(1)Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder______.A.howmuchcosttheyB.howmuchdotheycostC.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost(2)Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow_____.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlandD.whichlaneisheentering翻译下列句子：1.你是否赢得这场比赛不重要。________________________________________________________________2.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都很兴奋。____________________________________________________3.剩下的东西是你的。________________________________________________________________________主语从句1.常见句型：(1)It+be+形容词(likely/possible/important/clear/necessary/true/certain)+that从句e.g.________________________________________________________________________________________(2)It+be+名词词组(nowonder/anhonor/agoodthing/apity/nosurprise)+that从句e.g.________________________________________________________________________________________(3)It+be+过去分词(said/reported/thought/expected/decided)+that从句e.g.________________________________________________________________________________________2.主语从句与主句谓语动词一致性问题:单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet.(2)由and连接两个或两个以上连接词引导同一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。Whenandwhereweshallmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.(3)由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数。Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.结论：主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于有几个主语从句而非几个连接词。高考链接(1)Itisobvioustothestudents_____theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.asB.whichC.whetherD.that(2)Ithasbeenproved_____eatingvegetableinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessinlaterlife.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what(3)______makestheshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever(4)_____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which(5)Itisprettywellunderstood_____controltheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.thatB.whenC.whatD.how宾语从句1.it做形式宾语的情况在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think,make,consider,find等，可以用it做形式宾语。think/make/consider/find+it+that-clause翻译：他应当改进他的发音，我们认为这是必要的。___________________________________________________________________________________________2.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留（1）在“主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)”的句型中不省略e.g.Wemustmakeitclearthatwedonottelllies.（2）由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。e.g.Hetoldme(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.3.介词后的that宾语从句（1）that从句一般不能充当介词宾语，但可以做except，in的宾语。翻译：Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheisalittlebitcareless.___________________________________________________________________________________________翻译：Hedifferedfromhisclassmatesinthathedevotedhissparetimetoreading.___________________________________________________________________________________________（2）其他介词后需要用that做宾语时，必须用it做形式主语。翻译：Youmaydepend/countonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou.___________________________________________________________________________________________翻译：Pleaseseetoitthat(makesurethat)youbringenoughmoneywhenyougoout.___________________________________________________________________________________________高考链接(1)Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased____hewasamanofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether(2)Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom____theirparentsspeakathome.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.one(3)Wecannotfigureout____quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when(4)Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and____allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where表语从句1.放在连系动词之后的名词性从句。当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句的连接词常用that，不用because;句型：“Thereasonisthat…”。翻译：他躺在床上的原因是由于他在上学的路上从自行车上摔了下来。___________________________________________________________________________________________比较：“Thereasonwhy…isthat”e.g.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathefelloffhisbike.___________________________________________________________________________________________高考链接(1)Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis___shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why(2)___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.what;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that(3)___madetheschoolproudwas___morethan90％ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because(4)Thelasttimewehadfunwas___wewerevisitingtheWaterA.whereB.howC.whenD.why同位语从句定义：在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea;belief;fact;truth;problem;news;suggestion;advice;word;result;evidence等)后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。同位语从句常用that引导或用连接词what/when/where/why/how/whether等。翻译：e.g.Theideathatweshouldhavemoreindustryinthisareaisagoodone.___________________________________________________________________________________________e.g.Ihavenoideawhentheycametovisitmyhometown.___________________________________________________________________________________________e.g.WehavenodoubtthatMr.Whitewillturnuptonight.___________________________________________________________________________________________1.间隔式同位语从句同位语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。但是当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分较短时，可以把谓语动词放在先行词后面，使同位语从句和先行词隔开，以免头重脚轻的现象。e.g.WordcamethatthewarbrokeoutinIraq.TheyspreadthelieeverywherethatIstolethenecklace.高考链接Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists___theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.定语从句和同位语从句的区别（1）同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用，无具体含义，且不可省略。（2）定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分（主/宾/表），充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。e.g.Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.Thenews(that)weheardontheradiowasnottrue.随堂练习：找出下列句子中的从句并判断其类型Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.Asisknowntousall,Chinahasthelargestpopulation.ThatisthewayhowIlearnEnglish.There’safeelinginmethatwe’llneverknowwhataUFOis.Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbegiven.Igavethegirlabigdoll,exactlywhatshelongedtohave.定语从句是_________________________________；同位语从句是________________________________。3.连接词的选用that和what的选用：that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、表语和定语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，没有意思。随堂练习（that/what）：1._______hewantsisabook.2._______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_______wewanttoknow.5.Is_______hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_______hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_______hedidthatafternoon.特殊疑问词引导名词性从句特殊疑问词在引导名词性从句的同时，常保留本身疑问的含义，是指具体的人或物，是特指的概念。特殊疑问词+ever也可以引导名词性从句，如：whatever,whichever,whoever。e.g.Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.Whowillgiveusatalkisunknowntousall.链接高考：（1）CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.who B.whatC.whoever D.whatever（2）—Couldyoudomeafavor?—Itdependson_______itis.A.which B.whicheverC.what D.whatever高考中的名词性从句考题1.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.

A.that B.how C.who D.what2.BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom3.Theshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why4.JuliawasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_______shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that5.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvious_______theproblemitselfis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why6.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedthea