北京市2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷 含解析

2024年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷考生须知1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．本试卷共10页，四道大题(共100分)。3．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答：非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4．考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。一、听力理解(共25小题;每小题1分，共25分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，共20分)听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第1段材料，回答第1题。1．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A．Rainy.B．Windy.C．Sunny.听第2段材料，回答第2题。2．Whatkindofcardoesthemanwanttorent?A．Small-size.B．Mid-size.C．Full-size.听第3段材料，回答第3题。3．Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Inadepartmentstore.C．Onabus.听第4段材料，回答第4题。4．Whenwillthetwospeakersmeet?A．At1:00pm.B．At2:00pm.C．At2:10pm.听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。5．Wheredidthewomangointhemorning?A．Tothewoods.B．Totheschool.C．Tothelibrary.6．WhatwasBobdoingwhenthewomanmethim?A．Swimming.B．Makingbookmarks.C．Fishing.听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。7．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A．Toahotel.B．Toabookstore.C．Toabank.8．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Classmates.B．Strangers.C．Neighbours.听第7段材料，回答第9题至第11题。9．Whatistheman’slifelikeincollege?A．Relaxing.B．Busy.C．Boring.10．Whatistheman’smajor?A．Computerscience.B．French.C．Hotelmanagement.11．Wheredoesthewomanworkforherpart-timejob?A．Inacollege.B．Inatheatre.C．Inarestaurant.听第8段材料，回答第12题至第14题。12．Whyisthewomansohappy?A．Shehaspassedherdrivingtest.B．Shehashadanicedinner.C．Shehasmetagoodfriend.13．Whatfoodarethetwospeakersgoingtoeat?A．Italianfood.B．Chinesefood.C．Frenchfood.14．Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttherestauranttheyaregoingto?A．Theenvironment.B．Thefood.C．Theservice.听第9段材料，回答第15题至第17题。15．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Makingasurvey.B．Askingtheway.C．Goingtowork.16．Howdoesthemangotowork?A．Bybus.B．Bysubway.C．Bytrain.17．Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?A．Busescometoolate.B．Rushhoursaretoolong.C．Thesubwayistoocrowded.听第10段材料，回答第18题至第20题。18．Whatwillawinnerof“GuessWho”get?A．Abook.B．Acard.C．Aballoon.19．WhatcanyoubringonthePetsDay?A．Photos.B．Plants.C．Gifts.20．Whenwillthebigbirthdaypartybeheld?A．OnTuesday.B．OnWednesday.C．OnFriday.第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。LibraryCardPhotoName:Olivia21Age:22Department:the23DepartmentTime:24afternoonandFridaymorning.ReadingPreferences:literatureand25二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。24-year-oldVictoriaArlenhasasaying:“FaceIt,EmbraceIt,DefyIt,ConquerIt.”ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.____1____,whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).Threeandahalfyearslater,hermindawokebutherbodydidn’t.Shecould____3____theoutsideworld,butnoonewasawareofthis.Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.”____5____,Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.Onedayin2010,Arlenwasfinallyabletosenda____6____tothem:sheblinked(眨眼).Afterthat,sheslowlylearnedhowtomove,eat,andspeakagain.Shewaspracticallyheroldself,exceptthatherlegswereparalysed(瘫痪的).Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife,butshedidn’tletthisgether____7____.Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcitedtoreturntoher____8____life.Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhardto____9____.Shealsogotbackintothepool,learningtoswimwithouttheuseofherlegs.Twoyearslater,shecompetedinthe2012ParalympicGamesinLondon,______10______threesilvermedalsandagoldmedal.AfterhersuccessintheParalympics,Arlen’s______11______storyspread.Shebegantospeakateventsandontelevision.OneTVprogrammetooknoticeofher,andshebecameoneoftheiryoungesthostseveratage21.Duringallthis,Arlennevergaveupon______12______again.Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.She______13______learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars”,achildhooddreamofhers.Today,Arlenisdevotedto______14______others.ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisabilityandhascontinuedtoinspirepeoplewithheramazingstoryofperseverance(不屈不挠的精神).Forher,it’sallaboutgivingothers______15______andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.1.A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Instead2.A.lost B.sick C.angry D.bored3.A.smell B.see C.hear D.touch4.A.forget B.know C.believe D.make5.A.Thankfully B.Unfortunately C.Strangely D.Regretfully6.A.wave B.report C.signal D.letter7.A.down B.off C.in D.away8.A.hard B.normal C.modern D.private9.A.compete B.run C.play D.graduate10.A.returning B.selling C.designing D.winning11A.funny B.ordinary C.inspiring D.simple12.A.walking B.jumping C.climbing D.talking13.A.only B.just C.still D.even14.A.following B.helping C.visiting D.greeting15.A.truth B.luck C.hope D.notice【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D10.D11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是残疾人Arlen克服残疾，成为残奥会游泳金牌得主、电视节目主持人和励志演说家以及她建立慈善组织帮助他人的励志故事。【1题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她11岁的时候，她突然生病了。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否认；D.Instead反而。根据上文的“Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.”可知，Arlen是一个活泼喜欢游泳和跳舞的孩子，结合下文的“whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.”可知，在她11岁的时候应该是发生了不幸的事情，上下文之间为转折关系，所以此处表示“然而”符合逻辑。故选A项。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她11岁的时候，她突然生病了。A.lost丢失的；B.sick生病的；C.angry生气的；D.bored厌倦的。根据下文的“Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).”可知，她的情况越来越糟糕，最后陷入昏迷，由此可知，此处指的是她突然生病了，符合语境。故选B项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她能听到外面世界的声音，但没有人意识到这一点。A.smell闻；B.see看见；C.hear听见；D.touch触碰。根据下文的“Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.”可知，她能听到一声跟她家人说的话，所以此处指的是“听见”。故选C项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回忆起医生告诉她的家人，她可能活不下去了。A.forget忘记；B.know知道；C.believe相信；D.make制作。根据下文的“Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.””可知，她听到医生对家人说的话，她一直在和放弃的想法作斗争，她有很多想要活下去的事情，由此可推断，此处指的是医生跟她家人说的是她核能活不下去了，makeit意为“幸免于难，渡过难关”符合语境。故选D项。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，Arlen的家人从未放弃过她。A.Thankfully幸亏；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Regretfully遗憾地。根据语境和下文的“Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.”可知，在医生告诉她的家人，她活不了后，她的家人没有放弃，所以此处应为“幸亏”符合语境。故选A项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2010年的一天，Arlen终于能够向他们发出一个信号：她眨眼了。A.wave波浪；B.report报告；C.signal信号；D.letter信件。根据下文的“sheblinked.”可知，她眨了下眼，这是Arlen身体能动的一个信号，符合语境。故选C项。【7题详解】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：医生说她将在轮椅上度过余生，但她并没有因此而沮丧。A.down沮丧，情绪低落；B.off不新鲜；C.in在里面；D.away离开。根据常理和上文的“Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife”可知，医生说她将会余生在轮椅上度过，结合but可知，此处指的是这样的信息没有让她感到沮丧。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然不能走路，阿伦还是很兴奋能回到正常的生活。A.hard困难的；B.normal正常的；C.modern现代的；D.private私人的。根据上文的“Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcited”以及下文的“Shewentbacktoschooland…”可知，虽然不能走路，但是Arlen仍然很高兴，而且她能重回学校上学，由此可知，此处指的是她很高兴能过上正常的生活。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回到学校，努力学习毕业。A.compete竞争；B.run运行；C.play玩耍；D.graduate毕业。根据常理和上文的“Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhard”可知，她重回学校并且努力学习为了可以毕业。故选D项。10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，她参加了2012年伦敦残奥会，赢得了三枚银牌和一枚金牌。A.returning归还；B.selling售卖；C.designing设计；D.winning赢得。根据下文的“AfterhersuccessintheParalympics”可知，她在残奥会上取得成功，由此可知，此指的是赢得了三枚银牌和一枚金牌。故选D项。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她在残奥会上取得成功后，Arlen鼓舞人心的故事传开了。A.funny滑稽可笑的；B.ordinary普通的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.simple简单的。根据上文的“ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.”可知，Arlen克服残疾，成为残奥会游泳金牌得主、电视节目主持人和励志演说家，由此可知，关于她的故事应该是鼓舞热心的。故选C项。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，Arlen从来没有放弃过行走。A.walking走路；B.jumping跳跃；C.climbing攀爬；D.talking谈话。根据语境和下文的“Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.”可知，一个康复中心愿意帮助她再站起来，由此可知，此处指的是Arlen从未放弃过能够走路，符合语境。故选A项。【13题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她甚至学会了跳舞，并参加了“与星共舞”的比赛，这是她童年的梦想。A.only仅仅；B.just恰好；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。根据上文的“Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.”可知，在经过高强度的训练，她学会了走路，结合下文的“learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars””可知，她学会了跳舞，还参加“与星共舞”的比赛，这比简单的学会走路难度更大，由此可知，此处应为“甚至”符合语境。故选D项。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Arlen致力于帮助他人。A.following跟随；B.helping帮助；C.visiting参观；D.greeting问候。根据下文的“ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisability…”可知，她成立了维多利亚胜利基金会来帮助那些残疾人，由此可知，此处指的是Arlen致力于帮助他人。故选B项。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这一切都是为了给别人希望，告诉他们没有什么是不可能的。A.truth真理；B.luck幸运；C.hope希望；D.notice注意。根据下文的“andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.”可知，她告诉他们没有什么是不可能的，由此可知，这给人们带来的是希望。故选C项。三、阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATHEDEEPVisitTHEDEEPandexploretheamazingoceanfloor.Discoverthestoryoftheworld’sseasandoceansonanexcitingjourney.ThisisEurope’sdeepestseawateraquarium(水族馆)containing2.5millionlitresofwaterand87tonnesofsalt—hometothemanyinterestingseaanimalsyouwillseehere.AMAZINGEXPERIENCESINTHEDEEP·Rideinanunderwaterglasslift,whilesurroundedbysharks,hogfish,andhundredsofotherstrangeseaanimals.·Driveasubmarine(潜水器)intheresearchstation,DeepBlueOne,deepdownontheoceanfloor.·WalktheoceanfloorinEurope’sdeepestviewingtunnel(隧道),alongpassageunderwater,whilesandtigersharksandleopardsharksmovequietlyoveryourhead.·Watchthesharksfeeding—dailyat2pm.OPENINGTIMES10amto6pmdaily(lastticket5pm).HOWTOFINDUSFollowsignstoHullCityCentre,thenlocalsignsforTHEDEEP.WatchoutfortheHullNavigatorsintheiryellowandreduniforms(制服).Theycarryawealthofknowledgeandexperience—allyouneedtodoisask.VISITINGTHECITYCombineyourvisittoTHEDEEPwithawalkalongHull’shistoricwalkways,filledwithcafes,barsandrestaurants.16.WhatexactlyisTHEDEEP?A.Akindoffish. B.Aseawateraquarium.C.Astoryoftheseas. D.Thenameofarestaurant.17.Youcanwalktheoceanfloor________.A.inamuseum B.inaglassliftC.inaviewingtunnel D.inaresearchstation18.WhattimedoesTHEDEEPclose?A.At2pm. B.At4pm. C.At5pm. D.At6pm.19.Theauthorwritesthepassageto________.A.attracttourists B.introduceacityC.explainasecret D.shareknowledge【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了THEDEEP水族馆的特色体验和开放时间，吸引游客前来参观。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据THEDEEP部分第二段中“ThisisEurope’sdeepestseawateraquarium(水族馆)containing2.5millionlitresofwaterand87tonnesofsalt—hometothemanyinterestingseaanimalsyouwillseehere.(这是欧洲最深的海水水族馆，含有250万升水和87吨盐——这里是众多有趣海洋动物的家园)”可知，THEDEEP是一个海水水族馆。故选B。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据AMAZINGEXPERIENCESINTHEDEEP部分的第三段中“WalktheoceanfloorinEurope’sdeepestviewingtunnel(隧道),alongpassageunderwater,whilesandtigersharksandleopardsharksmovequietlyoveryourhead.(在欧洲最深的观赏隧道中漫步于海底，这是一条位于水下的长通道，同时沙虎鲨和豹鲨会静静地在你的头顶上方游动)”可知，你可以在观景隧道里漫步于海底。故选C。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据右下框中“OPENINGTIMES:10amto6pmdaily(lastticket5pm).(开放时间：每日上午10点至下午6点(最后入场时间为下午5点))”可知，THEDEEP在下午6点关门。故选D。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容及THEDEEP部分第一段中“VisitTHEDEEPandexploretheamazingoceanfloor.Discoverthestoryoftheworld’sseasandoceansonanexcitingjourney.(参观THEDEEP，探索神奇的海底世界。在一次激动人心的旅程中，发现世界海洋的故事)”可知，文章详细介绍了THEDEEP的各种体验和开放时间，以及如何找到这个地方。这些信息显然是为了吸引游客前来参观。故选A。BFruitForAllOnedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.Selbyaskedcommunitymemberstocallorcontacthimonlineandlethimknowwhethertheyhadtreeswithextrafruit.Atfirst,itwasdifficulttofindpeoplewhowerewillingtocontributethefruitintheirtrees.ButasnewsofSelby’sideaspread,peoplecontactedhim.Soon,FFAwasreally“growing”!WiththehelpofhisbrotherJackandothervolunteers,Selbyhasgatheredanddonatedmorethan70,000poundsoffruittolocalfoodbanks.Thegroupusuallyworksontheweekends,andthevolunteerstravelasfaras20milesfromSelby’shouse.Thevolunteersusuallygatherabout500poundsoffruiteachweekend.Butoneweekendtheycollectedover2,000poundsoffruit!FFAalsohasawebsitethatexplainsthegroup’sgoal,whichistoinspirepeopletohelp.Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.PeoplewhoareinterestedcanalsousethewebsitetoaskSelbyandJackquestionsandpostcomments.Morevolunteersarejoiningin.Althoughthecontributionsmightbesmall,theycanmakeabigdifference.WiththehelpfromgroupslikeFFA,morepeopleareabletoenjoydeliciousfruit.20.WhatdoesFFAdo?A.Itoffersfruitclasses. B.Itgrowsandsellsfruit.C.Itbuildsafoodfactory. D.Itcollectsanddonatesfruit.21.WhatdidSelbyneedtomakeFFAsuccessfulatthestart?A.Foodmarkets. B.Volunteers.C.Websitedesigners. D.Money.22.WebsitevisitorscanhelpFFAby________.A.explainingitsgoal B.visitingneighboursC.startingtheirlocalFFA D.developinginterestinplanting23.WhatkindofboyisSelbyaccordingtothepassage?A.Caring. B.Patient. C.Polite. D.Strict.【答案】20.D21.B22.C23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述ZachSelby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。【20题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”可知，FFA主要工作是收集和捐赠水果。故选D项。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.(为了使FFA取得成功，Selby需要热心的志愿者和结满果实的树木。)”可知，Selby需要志愿者让FFA在一开始就取得成功。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.(该网站的访问者学习了三种参与方式。他们可以让志愿者从他们的树上摘水果。他们可以自愿摘水果。他们可以在自己的地区成立一个FFA小组。)”可知，网站访问者可以通过启动当地的FFA来帮助FFA。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Onedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(2020年一天，一位名叫ZachSelby的高中生找到了一种帮助需要食物的人的方法。他了解到的组织从果树上摘下多余的水果，并将其捐给当地的食品银行。Selby决定他可以在附近成立自己的团体。他称该组织为“全民水果”（FFA）。这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲ZachSelby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。由此可知，ZachSelby是一个充满关爱的人。故选A项。CManystudieshaveshownthatdrinkingplentyofwateradayisgoodforourhealth.Peoplearepayingcarefulattentiontothatadvice,andmillionsofpeoplechoosetobuybottledwatertodrink.Unfortunately,manyoftheseplasticwaterbottlesarebeingthrownaway.Itcantakecenturiesforthesebottlestobreakdown.Forthelastseveralyears,threedesignersfromImperialCollegeinLondon,England,havebeenworkingtoaddresstheproblemofplasticbottles.Theteam’sgoalisto“makepackagingwastedisappear”.Toachievethatgoal,thesedesignershavedevelopedauniqueproductcalledOoho.Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).Youcanmakeaholeinitsskinanddrinkthewateroutofit.Youcanalsothrowtheentirebubbleinyourmouth—nobottleneeded!Ooho’sskinismadefromseaweed(海草).Itisnearlytastelessandeasyforthebodytotakein.Ifpeoplewouldrathernoteatit,however,theskincanbethrownaway.Inlessthanamonth,itwillbreakdowncompletely.Theskinisveryaffordabletomake.Firstaballofwaterisfrozeninaspecialchemicalsolution(化学溶液).Next,itisputinasolutionmadeofbrownseaweed.Eachbubblecostslessthantwocentstomake.Itis,therefore,afarcheaperreplacementforplasticbottles.Thethreedesignershavebeenfiguringouttheflawsandsearchingforpossiblesolutions.Forexample,theOohoisgreatifsomeonejustwantsasinglemouthfulofwater.Butwhatifthepersonisespeciallythirstyandwantsmore?Theyareexploringtheideaofmakingbiggerbubblesandalsosearchingforawaytoconnectseveralbubblestogether.Anotherproblemwiththeproducthasbeenhowtotransportitinpackagingthatissafefortheenvironmentbutstillprotectsthebubblesfrombreaking.TofindoutifpeopleareinterestedinOoho,thedesignershaveplansinplacetohandouttheirbubblesnextyearatsportingeventslikemarathons,aswellasatentertainmentsites.IfOohobecomespopular,peopleacrossthecountrymaysoonfindthemselveseatingtheirwaterinsteadofdrinkingit!24.Theauthorwritesthefirstparagraphto________.A.answeraquestion B.expressanopinionC.presentaproblem D.provideanexample25.WhatisOoho?A.Aprotectiveskin. B.Bubbledwater.C.Achemicalsolution. D.Plasticmaterial.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaws”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Functions. B.Wonders. C.Purposes. D.Weaknesses.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WaterThatYouCanEat B.WaystoProducePlasticBottlesC.WasteThatPollutesOurPlanet D.BubblestoImproveOurHealth【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately,manyoftheseplasticwaterbottlesarebeingthrownaway.Itcantakecenturiesforthesebottlestobreakdown.(不幸的是，许多塑料水瓶都被扔掉了。这些瓶子可能需要几个世纪才能分解)”可推知，作者写第一段是为了呈现一个问题，即塑料要很长时间才能分解。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里)”可知，Ooho是泡泡里的水。故选B。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Forexample,theOohoisgreatifsomeonejustwantsasinglemouthfulofwater.Butwhatifthepersonisespeciallythirstyandwantsmore?Theyareexploringtheideaofmakingbiggerbubblesandalsosearchingforawaytoconnectseveralbubblestogether.Anotherproblemwiththeproducthasbeenhowtotransportitinpackagingthatissafefortheenvironmentbutstillprotectsthebubblesfrombreaking.(例如，如果有人只想要一口水，Ooho就很棒。但如果这个人特别渴，想要更多呢？他们正在探索制造更大气泡的想法，同时也在寻找一种将几个气泡连接在一起的方法。该产品的另一个问题是如何用对环境安全的包装运输，同时仍能保护气泡不破裂)”可知，这三个设计师一直都在找出这个产品的缺点，并寻找解决办法。由此可知，划线词flaws的意思是“缺点”，和weaknesses意思相近。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).Youcanmakeaholeinitsskinanddrinkthewateroutofit.Youcanalsothrowtheentirebubbleinyourmouth—nobottleneeded!(信不信由你，Ooho就是几口水包裹在一个高尔夫球大小的泡泡里。你可以在它的皮肤上打一个洞，然后喝里面的水。你也可以把整个泡泡扔进嘴里——不需要瓶子！)”可知，本文主要讲的是来自英国伦敦帝国理工学院的三位设计师开发了一种名为Ooho的独特产品，旨在解决塑料水瓶的浪费问题。由此可知，最好的题目是A选项“WaterThatYouCanEat(你可以吃的水)”。故选A。DThere’safamousstoryaboutNASAandtheRussianspaceprogramme.ItissaidthatNASAspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingapenthatwouldwriteinspace.TheRussians,ontheotherhand,justusedapencil.Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.Thepencilthatweknow,however,gotitsstartinEnglandin1564.Inthatyear,farmersinacountynorthofLondondiscoveredgraphite(石墨),whichtheycalled“blacklead”andusedtomarksheep.Therewasonlyoneproblem:thegraphiteblackenedtheirhandsandclothes.Topreventthisfromhappening,theycoveredsheepskinaroundgraphitesticks.TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.Atfirst,theydugoutwoodandslidthegraphitein.Later,though,theyputthegraphitebetweentwopiecesofwoodandgluedthewoodtogether.Then,in1662,someGermanslearnedhowtousepowdered(粉末的)graphiteandbeganmass-producingpencils.Thenextmajordevelopmentoccurredinthemid-18thcentury,whenwarbrokeoutbetweenEnglandandFrance.SinceEnglandhadtheonlysourceofgraphite,Francewasunabletoimportthemineral.ThisledaFrenchmantomixclay(黏土)withthegraphitepowderthathehad.Bychangingtheamountofgraphiteinthemixture,hecouldcontrolthehardnessanddarknessofthepencil.TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.Pencilsareprimarilyusedtowrite,buttheycanserveinotherrolestoo.Forexample,rubapenciloveranewly-boughtkeytoensurethatitslideseasilyintoalock.Thismethodalsoworkswithzippers(拉链)thatarerepeatedlygettingstuck.Additionally,useitasareplacementforarulertohelpyoudrawstraightlines.Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.28.WhatdoesthestoryabouttheRussianspaceprogrammehelptoshow?A.Thedarknessofpencils. B.Theweaknessofpencils.C.Thehardnessofpencils. D.Theusefulnessofpencils.29.Whowerethefirsttothinkofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder?A.Italians. B.Germans. C.Englishmen. D.Frenchmen.30.Whatmadepencilsbecomecommoneverywhere?A.Theoutbreakofawar. B.Theuseofgluedwood.C.ThebirthoftheHBsystem. D.Theimportofthegraphite.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theeffectofpencils. B.Thehistoryofpencils.C.Thedesignofpencils. D.Thevarietyofpencils.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了铅笔的历史、发展、用途及其在人们生活中的持续影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.(这个故事不是真的，但它有助于说明铅笔的有用性)”可知，关于俄罗斯太空计划的故事有助于展示铅笔的用处。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.(意大利人最后想到了把石墨放进一个木架里)”可知，意大利人是第一个想到把石墨放进木架里的人。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.(HB（硬度和黑度）铅笔系统就这样诞生了。此后不久，铅笔大量生产，并在各地变得普遍)”可知，让铅笔变得无处不在的是HB系统的诞生。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.(最早的铅笔是罗马人使用的一根金属棒)”和最后一段“Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.(如今，每年生产的铅笔超过150亿支。对许多人来说，铅笔是他们首选的书写工具。随着时间的推移，它的设计可能会发生变化，但它的实用性使它继续在我们的生活中留下印记)”可知，本文介绍了铅笔的历史、发展、用途及其在人们生活中的持续影响。由此可知，B选项“Thehistoryofpencils.(铅笔的历史)”能够概括文章主旨。故选B。第二节(共4小题：每小题2分，共8分)阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Thecombisacommontoolindailylife.Itwasinvented6,000yearsago.Atfirst,theshapeofacombwasbasedontheshapeofpeople’shands.Andthisshapeisstillwidelyused.TheChinesecombhasalongandrichhistory.Itisoneofthetraditionalhandicrafts(手工艺)inChina.Inoldtimes,traditionalChinesecombsweremadefrombamboo,woodandanimalbones.Theyweredecoratedinvariousways.Andpicturesofnaturalscenes,birdsandanimalscouldbefoundonthem.IttakesalongtimeandexcellentskilltomakeaChinesewoodencomb.28stepsareneededtomakeone,includingcutting,boiling,dryinganddecorating.Dryingisthestepthattakesthelongesttimeintheprocess.Itcantakeaslongasoneyear.Becausetheyarehandmade,everycombisdifferentfromothers.FortheChinesepeople,thecombisnotonlyausefultool,butalsohasmeanings.Inoldtimes,afamilymemberwouldcombawoman’shairbeforeherwedding.Peoplebelievethatbyfollowingthecustom,thecouplewillstaytogetheruntiltheirhairgreys.Itisalsoawaytowishthecouplemanychildrenandgrandchildren.Thisnotonlycontainsthebestwishesofthefamilybutalsopassestheirlovetotheyoungcouple.TheChinesecombisanimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.Withthedevelopmentofsocietypeoplebegintorealizethecombisspecialandvaluable.Nowadays,Chinesecombsarebecomingpopularagainbecausepeoplebelievecombinghairisgoodfortheirhealth.Ithelpshairgrow,makeshairhealthyandstopshairloss.Inthemodernsociety,usingtheChinesecombhasbecomeanewtrend(潮流).32.Whenwasthecombinvented?(不多于三个单词)___________________________________________________________________33.WhatpicturescouldbefoundonChinesecombs?(不多于七个单词)___________________________________________________________________34.WhatisthestepthattakesthelongesttimeinmakingaChinesewoodencomb?(一个单词)___________________________________________________________________35.WhyareChinesecombsbecomingpopularagain?(不多于十个单词)_____________________________________________________________