备战2025届高考英语二轮专题复习爱尚阅读实战篇专题23阅读综合演练4含解析

专题20阅读综合演练（4）1ThenumberofAmericanyoungstudentsusingvaping(电子烟）fellsharplythisyear,accordingtoa2024survey.The2024surveywascarriedoutbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)andtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA).About20,000Americanstudentstookpartinthesurveyfrommid-Januarytomid-March.Theywereaskedabouttheuseofanyvapingortobaccoproductsduringthepastmonth.Under20%ofhighschoolstudentssaidtheywererecentusersofe-cigarettesandothervapingproducts.Just5%ofmiddleschoolstudentssaidtheyhadrecentlyusedthem.Thatmarkedabigdecreasefromasimilarsurveyin2024.Theearliersurveyfoundnearly28%ofhighschoolstudentsand11%ofmiddleschoolstudentshadrecentlyvaped.Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.Aninvestigationshowedthatlastyear,morethan2,600casesoflunginjuries,including60deaths,wereconnectedwithvaping.MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.Earlierthisyear,theFDAbannedsomeflavors(味道）fromvapingdevicesmainlyusedbyteens.Andthefederallawnowbans(禁止）salesofalltobaccoproductsande-cigarettestoanyoneundertheageof21.MattMyersoftheCampaignforTobacco-FreeKidssaidthesurveyshoweda"meaningfuldrop'”inteenvaping.ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes."Aslongasanyflavorede-cigarettesareleftonthemarket,kidswillgettheirhandsonthemandwewillnotsolvethecrisis,"Myerssaid.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.VapingratesamongyoungstudentsintheU.Swentuplastyear.B.Thevapingincreasewasnotlinkedtopopulare-cigarettes.C.MostpatientssurveyedblamedtheirdiseaseonmixturescontainingTHC.D.TheTrumpgovernmentsaidnotoallflavorede-cigarettes.2.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.whatcausesthedropinvapingamongteensB.whateffectsvapinghasonteensC.whyvapingenjoyspopularityamongteensD.howvapingbecomespopularamongteens3.What'sMattMyer'sattitudetowardstheTrumpgovernment'seffortstobancigarettes?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.ObjectiveD.Doubtful4.Inwhichsectioncanthepassagebefound?A.EntertainmentB.PoliticsC.EducationD.Health【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。依据2024年的一项调查，今年运用电子烟的美国年轻学生数量急剧下降。文章具体介绍了调查结果以及导致这一结果的缘由，政府为了禁止学生吸烟所实行的措施。1.细微环节理解题。依据第四段最终一句“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多数染病的人说他们吸入了含有四氢大麻酚的混合物。）”可知，大部分患者都把他们患病的缘由归咎于含有THC的混合物。blame…on…意为：把责任归到……身上；归咎于。故选C项。2.主旨大意题。第四段第一句“Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.（健康专家认为，在去年与吸电子烟有关的疾病和死亡突然增加之后，这一数字出现了下降。）”是全段的中心句，表明全段主要介绍了导致青少年运用电子烟的比例急剧下降的缘由是什么。故选A项。3.推理推断题。A.Positive主动的；B.Negative消极的；C.Objective客观的；D.Doubtful可疑的。依据最终一段中“ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes.（但他对特朗普政府没有把禁止全部调味电子烟的承诺履行究竟感到悲观。）”可知特朗普政府并没有准备从根本上禁止全部调味电子烟，由此推断对于此事的看法是消极的。故选B项。4.推理推断题。依据文章中的“Healthexperts（健康专家）”、“vaping-relatedillnessesanddeath（与电子烟有关的疾病和死亡）”、“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多数染病的人说他们吸入了含有四氢大麻酚的混合物。）”可总结出，全文是关于电子烟对青少年的身体健康的危害的。故选D项。2Texashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻击)weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache(贮存)everpurchasedinoneday.Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation(立法)forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.5.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPTA.agelimitB.mentalconditionC.onlineregistrationD.gun-operatingskills6.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.B.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.C.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.D.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.7.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?A.Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.B.Disrespectforofficers.C.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.D.Difficultyincrimeprevention.8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?A.Negative.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Approving.【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.B【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国民众比较热衷于持枪，文章就德克萨斯州关于枪支管理的新法律进行了介绍。5.细微环节理解题。依据其次段的“Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.依据法律，公开携带武器的公民必需获得许可，这一过程包括平安和射击测试。他们之前必需没有心理问题，而且必需年满21岁”可知，新法律对年龄，心理问题和射击技能都提出了要求，没有提及网上注册。故选C。6.主旨大意题。依据第三段“However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻击)weaponsbanin2004.”可知，然而，美国公众好像比以往任何时候都对武器及其所传递的力气更感爱好，尽管枪支管制组织担忧暴力事务的增加。自2004年为期10年的攻击性武器禁令结束以来，美国大多数州都在稳步扩大枪支权利。由此可知，第三段主要讲了美国持枪现状。故选B项。7.细微环节理解题。依据第四段的“Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.由于该法律没有规定对那些拒绝向警察出示驾照的人进行任何惩处，指责人士担忧，警察可能会发觉很难处理潜在的致命状况。”可知，指责者认为新的德克萨斯州法律可能会导致预防犯罪的困难。故选D。8.推理推断题。依据最终一段内容“orsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.”可以确定的是，新年对德州的枪支拥有者来说将是令人兴奋的一天。目前尚不清晰德州其他地区将如何回应。”作者对待新法律是当心，谨慎的。故选B。3Mytwosonsareallgrownupnow.Yettheybothstillhavethemindsofchildren.Autismhaslimitedtheirintellectualgrowthovertheyears,andtheystillneedtobelookedafter24hoursaday,7daysaweek.WhenIwasaboy,thetermusedforpeoplelikemysonswasMentallyRetarded.BythetimeIwasanadult,thetermhadswitchedtoMentallyHandicapped.Later,thiswaschangedagaintoMentallyChallenged.However,noneofthesetermstrulydefinedthem.Theirhumanityismuchricherthanthesepersonalitylabels.Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.Myoldestboymayonlybeabletotalkaboutcertainthings.Autismhaslimitedhislearningandinterests.Butwhenhegreetspeoplebyname.HegivesoutloveandhugsfarmorefreelythanIdo.Myyoungestboydoesn'tspeakmuchatall,heislostinhisownworldmostofthetime.ButhealsohasanabilityforlaughterandjoythatisfarbeyondanythingIpossess.Oftenafterhefinishescryinghishappinesswillimmediatelyreturn.Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.ThefactisallofusinthislifehaveSpecialNeeds.AllofusalsohaveSpecialGifts.ItisuptoustoshareourGifts.Itisuptoustomeeteachother'sNeeds.Itisuptoustotreateachotherwithkindnessandlove.Remember,weareallonefamilyhere.WeareallChildrenofthesamemothernature.9.Whichtermdoestheauthoragreewithmosttodefinehissons?A.Autism. B.PeoplewithSpecialNeeds.C.MentallyRetarded D.MentallyHandicapped.10.WhichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolive.B.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolove.C.Thewriter'syoungestsontaughthimhowtoloveD.Thewritertaughthistwosonshowtoliveandlove.11.Whatwritingtechniquedoestheauthoruseinthelastparagraph?Aparing. B.Listingfacts.C.Givingexamples. D.Expressinghisminddirectly.【答案】9.B10.B11.D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的两个儿子患有自闭症，虽然有许多术语曾描述过这样的人，但是作者最喜爱用“有特殊须要的人”来定义他们。作者认为患有孤独症的人不仅有特殊的须要，也有特殊的天赋，作者从两个孩子身上也学会了如何生活和如何去爱，作者认为我们都应当善待彼此。9.细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.(现在，最新的术语说他们是‘有特殊需求的人’。我的儿子们的确有特殊的须要，但他们也有特殊的天赋)”以及“Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.(事实上，我的两个‘有特殊须要’的儿子教会了我更多关于如何生活和如何去爱的学问，这是我无法独自学会的)”可知，作者最同意用“有特殊须要的人”来定义他的儿子。故选B。10.细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Myoldestboymayonlybeabletotalkaboutcertainthings.Autismhaslimitedhislearningandinterests.Butwhenhegreetspeoplebyname,hegivesoutloveandhugsfarmorefreelythanIdo.(我最大的儿子可能只能谈论某些事情。孤独症限制了他的学习和爱好。但当他叫出别人的名字来问候时，他赐予的爱和拥抱比我要自由得多)”可知，B选项“作者的大儿子教会了作者如何去爱别人”正确。故选B。11.推理推断题。依据最终一段“ThefactisallofusinthislifehaveSpecialNeeds.AllofusalsohaveSpecialGifts.ItisuptoustoshareourGifts.Itisuptoustomeeteachother'sNeeds.Itisuptoustotreateachotherwithkindnessandlove.Remember,weareallonefamilyhere.WeareallChildrenofthesamemothernature.(事实上，我们在这一生中都有特殊的须要。我们每个人都有特殊的天赋。共享我们的天赋是我们的责任。应当由我们来满意彼此的须要。这取决于我们如何善待彼此。记住，在这里我们都是一家人。我们都是同一个大自然的孩子)”可推知，作者在最终一段运用了“直抒胸臆”的写作技巧。故选D。4MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.Musselsarereallybeautifulintheautumn.Whenyoucookseasonally,youusewhateveryouhaveathand,andeachtimeafoodmaterialcomesbackinseason,youaresohappytoseeit.It'slikegoingbacktooldfriends,likegoinghome.Idofeelthedishwithmusselsisso.Itisthesamewithadishmadebymymother.It'smymum'schickenwithcherries.WhenIwasachild,cherrieswouldmarktheendoftheschoolyear.We'dalwaysgetaboxofeachwhenschoolwasoutforthesummer.Iremembersittinginthegardenhangingcherriesinpairsonmyearslikeearringsandspittingoutthepips,hopingatreewouldgrow.Foodshouldtakeyousomewherespeciallikethat-notinaconfusingway,butinanurturingway,forbothyourbodyandyoursoul.Itshouldtakeyoutoahappyplace,whichislinkedtomemory.SomeoneIworkwithsaysallmyrecipesarememory-bound.NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.AlicetakesmebacktothatmomentwhenIfellinlovewithcooking.Thirty-fiveyearson,Istillfeelthesame.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriter'sfirstdishinParagraph1?A.Itisdifficulttocook. B.Itisespeciallypopular.C.Heisconfidentaboutit D.Hegotitfromhisfather.13.Whydidthewritermentionhismother'sdishinParagraph2?A.Toexpressthankstohismother B.ToletAlicehaveacomparisonatcookingC.Toshowhowgoodhismotherwasatcooking D.Toshowaspecialdishcanbeasweetmemory.14.Whatkindofrestaurantdoesthewriterwanthisrestauranttobe?A.Agreenone. B.Aspecialone. C.Acheapone. D.Afamousone.15.What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Totellabouthisbusinessexperience. B.Toexpressthememoryofhismother.C.Totellaboutthedishthatchangedhislife D.TointroduceacookbookwrittenbyAlice【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者做的第一道菜来自于一本爱丽丝写的书，这是一道贻贝制成的菜。作者也由此引发了对食物的思索，作者认为食物能够将人带到一个欢乐的地方，爱丽丝也让作者思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解决更广泛的问题，对作者产生了很大的影响。12.细微环节理解题。依据第一段“MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.(我18岁的时候，我父亲给了我一本书，从那时起它就始终陪伴着我；这是爱丽丝写的一本美丽的书。里面有一道贻贝制成菜。它简洁而美味。这可能是我依据这本书做的第一道菜，现在我的餐厅的菜单上还保留着这道菜)”可知，作者的第一道菜是从他父亲那里得到的。故选D。13.推理推断题。依据其次段中“It'slikegoingbacktooldfriends,likegoinghome.Idofeelthedishwithmusselsisso.Itisthesamewithadishmadebymymother.It'smymum'schickenwithcherries.WhenIwasachild,cherrieswouldmarktheendoftheschoolyear.We'dalwaysgetaboxofeachwhenschoolwasoutforthesummer.Iremembersittinginthegardenhangingcherriesinpairsonmyearslikeearringsandspittingoutthepips,hopingatreewouldgrow.(就像回到老挚友身边，就像回家一样。我觉得这道菜贻贝做的菜是这样，我妈妈做的菜也是这样的。比如我妈妈做的樱桃鸡。当我还是个孩子的时候，樱桃标记着学年的结束。学校放暑假的时候，我们每个人都会收到一盒。我记得我坐在花园里，把一对对的樱桃像耳环一样挂在耳朵上，把樱桃核吐出来，希望能长出樱桃树来)”以及第三段中“Foodshouldtakeyousomewherespeciallikethat-notinaconfusingway,butinanurturingway,forbothyourbodyandyoursoul.Itshouldtakeyoutoahappyplace,whichislinkedtomemory.(食物应当带你去一个特殊的地方——不是以一种令人困惑的方式，而是一种对你的身体和灵魂都有益的方式。它应当把你带到一个欢乐的地方，这是与记忆相连的)”可推知，作者在其次段提到了他妈妈做的菜，是为了表明一道特殊的菜会是一段甜蜜的回忆。故选D。14.推理推断题。依据最终一段中“NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.(没有哪个厨师比爱丽丝对我的影响更大：重视农夫，提倡有机食品和干净的土壤。她让我思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解决更广泛的问题)”可推知，作者想让他的餐厅成为一个绿色环保的餐厅。故选A。15.推理推断题。依据第一段“MyfathergavemeacopywhenIwas18,andit'sbeenwithmeeversince;it'sabeautifulbookbyAlice.Init,thereisadishofmussels.Itissimpleanddelicious.ItwasprobablythefirstdishIcookedfromthebookandIstillhaveitonthemenuatmyrestauranttoday.(我18岁的时候，我父亲给了我一本书，从那时起它就始终陪伴着我；这是爱丽丝写的一本美丽的书。里面有一道贻贝制成菜。它简洁而美味。这可能是我依据这本书做的第一道菜，现在我的餐厅的菜单上还保留着这道菜)”以及最终一段中“NocookhasinfluencedmemorethanAlice:valuingfarmers,pushingfororganicsandcleansoil.Shehasmademethinkaboutfoodwaste,andabouthowfoodcancontributetoasolutiontowiderproblems.(没有哪个厨师比爱丽丝对我的影响更大：重视农夫，提倡有机食品和干净的土壤)”结合主要讲解并描述了作者做的第一道菜来自于一本爱丽丝写的书，这是一道贻贝制成的菜。作者也由此引发了对食物的思索，作者认为食物能够将人带到一个欢乐的地方，爱丽丝也让作者思索食物奢侈，思索食物如何有助于解决更广泛的问题，对作者产生了很大影响。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是讲解并描述变更他生活的那道菜。故选C。5Aboywasdyingofterminalleukemia(白血病).Hismothertookhishandandasked,“Bopsy,didyoueverthinkaboutwhatyouwantedtobewhenyougrewup?”“Mommy,IalwayswantedtobeafiremanwhenIgrewup.”Laterthatdayshewenttothefiredepartment,whereshemetFiremanBob.Sheexplainedherson’sfinalwishandaskedifitmightbepossibletogivehersix-year-oldsonaridearoundtheblockonafireengine.FiremanBobsaid,“Look,wecandobetterthanthat.We’llmakehimanhonoraryfiremanforthewholeday.Hecancomedowntothefirestation,eatwithus,gooutonallthefirecalls,thewholenineyards!And,we’llgetarealfireuniformmadeforhim.”ThreedayslaterFiremanBobpickedupBopsy,dressedhiminhisfireuniformandescorted(护送)himfromhishospitalbedtothewaitinghookandladdertruck.Bopsywasinheaven.Havinghisdreamcometrue,withalltheloveandattentionthatwaslavished(慷慨赐予)uponhim,Bopsylivedthreemonthslongerthananydoctorthoughtpossible.OnenightallofhisvitalsignsbegantodropandtheheadnursecalledthefirechiefandaskedifitwouldbepossibletosendafiremaninuniformtothehospitaltobewithBopsyashemadehistransition.Thechiefreplied,“Wecandobetterthanthat.We’llbethereinfiveminutes.Willyoupleasedomeafavor?Whenyouhearthesirens(警报器)screamingandseethelightsflashing,willyouannounceoverthePAsystemthatit’sjustthefiredepartmentcomingtoseeoneofitsfinestmembersonemoretime?Andwillyouopenthewindowtohisroom?”Aboutfiveminuteslaterahookandladdertruckarrivedatthehospital,extendeditsladderuptoBopsy’sthirdflooropenwindowand14firemenandtwofire-womenclimbeduptheladderintoBopsy’sroom.Theyhuggedhimandheldhimandtoldhimhowmuchtheylovedhim.Withhisdyingbreath,Bopsylookedupatthefirechiefandsaid,“Chief,amIreallyafiremannow?”Withthosewords,Bopsysmiledandclosedhiseyesforthelasttime.16.WhydidBopsy’smothergotothefiredepartment?A.Hersonwantedtogetafireuniform.B.Hersonwantedtorideonafireengine.C.Shewantedhersontobecomearealfireman.D.Shewantedtohelphersontorealizehisdream.17.WhatdidFiremanBobprobablymeanbysaying“thewholenineyards”inthethirdparagraph?A.Thefireenginewasnineyardslong.B.Thewholejourneythatdaywasveryupsetting.C.Bopsycouldexperienceeverythingasafireman.D.Allthesirensofthefireengineswouldscreamthatday.18.Whydidtheheadnursewantafiremaninuniformtobesenttothehospital?A.BecauseBopsybeggedhertodoso.B.BecauseBopsysawthefiremenashisfamilymembers.C.BecauseshewantedBopsytobeapprovedasarealfireman.D.BecauseshewantedtodosomethingforBopsybeforehedied.19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestshowsthethemeofthepassage?A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.B.Sometimestherearemiraclesbecauseoflove.C.Greatthingsmaybedonebypainstakingefforts.D.Amotherunderstandswhatachilddoesnotsay.【答案】16.D17.C18.D19.B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了身患晚期白血病的男孩Bopsy幻想长大后成为一名消防员，最终在大家的帮助下，让Bopsy在临终前体验了做消防员的感觉。16.细微环节理解题。依据其次段及第三段中的““Mommy,IalwayswantedtobeafiremanwhenIgrewup.”Laterthatdayshewenttothefiredepartment,whereshemetFiremanBob.Sheexplainedherson’sfinalwishandaskedifitmightbepossibletogivehersix-year-oldsonaridearoundtheblockonafireengine.”可知，“妈妈，我始终想长大后当一名消防员。”那天晚些时候，她去了消防队，遇到了消防员鲍勃。她说明了儿子的遗愿，问能否让她六岁的儿子坐消防车围着街区转一圈。由此可知，Bopsy的妈妈去了消防队，因为她想帮助她的儿子实现他的幻想。故选D。17.词句揣测题。依据其次段中的“We’llmakehimanhonoraryfiremanforthewholeday.Hecancomedowntothefirestation,eatwithus,gooutonallthefirecalls,thewholenineyards!”可知，我们要让他做一成天的荣誉消防员。他可以去消防站，和我们一起吃饭，去接全部的火警电话，整九码！由此可知，消防员鲍勃在第三段说的“整九码”可能意思是“Bopsy可以体验作为一名消防员的一切”。故选C。18.推理推断题。依据第五段中的“OnenightallofhisvitalsignsbegantodropandtheheadnursecalledthefirechiefandaskedifitwouldbepossibletosendafiremaninuniformtothehospitaltobewithBopsyashemadehistransition.”可知，一天晚上，Bopsy的生命体征起先下降，护士长打电话给消防队长，问他是否可以派一名穿制服的消防员去医院陪他渡过最终的时间。由此可知，护士长恳求一个穿制服的消防员去医院，因为她想在Bopsy死前为他做点什么。故选D。19.主旨大意题。依据全文内容及第四段中的“Havinghisdreamcometrue,withalltheloveandattentionthatwaslavished(慷慨赐予)uponhim,Bopsylivedthreemonthslongerthananydoctorthoughtpossible.”可知，在大家的爱惜和关怀下，Bopsy的幻想实现了，他比任何医生都多活了三个月。由此可知，“有时候，因为爱，才会有奇迹”可以最好地展示这篇文章的主题。故选B。6Ifyouareaimingtomasteranythingquickly,youcanlearnfromAlbertEinsteinandRichardFeynman.Theyofferpracticaladviceyoucanusetoimproveyourlearning.AccordingtoEinstein,improvingyourintellectualcapacityshouldbefunandenjoyable——happylearnersarequicklearners.In1915,hewrotealettertohis11-year-oldson(HansAlbert)

whowaslearningthepianoandsaid:“Iamverypleasedthatyoufindjoywiththepiano.Thisandcarpentryareinmyopinionforyouragethebestpursuits,bettereventhanschool,becausethosearethingswhichfitayoung

personsuchasyouverywell.Mainlyplaythethingsonthepianowhichpleaseyou,evenifthe

teacherdoesnotassignthose.Thatisthewaytolearnthemostwhenyouaredoingsomething

withsuchenjoymentthatyoudon’tnoticethatthetimepasses.”Tolearnanythingfasterorbetter,choosetopicsyouwillenjoy—ifyouhavecontroloverwhatyouarelearning.Makethelearningrelevant.Youshouldbeabletoanswerthequestion

“WhyamIlearningthis?”atanypoint.RichardFeynmanwonaNobelPrizeandalwayswantedtoknowmoreandtolearnmore.Knownasthe“GreatExplainer”，hewasfamousforhisabilitytoexplaincomplextopicsin

simpleways.TheFeynmanTechnique,hisapproachtoimprovinglearning,featuresexplainingorteachingwhatyoulearntoothers.Itcanhelpyoulearnbetterandkeepmoreofwhatyoulearn.

AccordingtoFeynman,itissignificanttohavetheabilitytoexplainthingssimply—sosimple,infact,thatyoucouldexplainittoaneight-year-old.Einsteinagrees.Heoncesaid,

“Ifyoucan't

explainitsimply,youdon’tunderstanditwellenough.”Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidtheRomanphilosopherSeneca.

Learnerskeepagreaterpercentageofwhattheylearnwhentheyexplainorteachtheconceptto

someoneelse,oruseitimmediately.Yourideaswillneverbemoreeffectivethanyourabilityto

makeothersgraspthem.Whenyoushare,yourememberbetter.20.Einsteinwrotethelettertohissoninorderto_.A.encourageHanstoplaythepianowellB.sharesomeusefuladviceonhowtoplaythepianoC.supportHans'learningthepianowithenjoymentD.suggestHanstakingteachers*assignmentseriously21.WhichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicoftheFeynmanTechnique?A.Teachingwhatyoulearntoothers. B.Explainingyourthingsthoroughly.C.Choosingenjoyabletopics. D.Understandingthingswellenough.22.WhyistheRomanphilosopherSenecamentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovideadviceonhowtoteachconcepts.B.Toillustratethesignificanceofteachingothers.C.Toimpressthereaderswithhismeaningfulquotes.D.Toshowpeople’sexplorationofconceptsinhistory.23.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretsofLearningFaster.B.BenefitsofTeachingOthers.C.ContributionofGreatExplainers.D.ImportanceofLearningwithEnjoyment.【答案】20.C21.A22.B23.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章是要介绍快速学习的秘诀。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Iamverypleasedthatyoufindjoywiththepiano.”（我很兴奋你能从钢琴中找到乐趣。）可知，爱因斯坦给他儿子写这封信是为了以开心的心情支持汉斯学习钢琴。故选C。2.细微环节理解题。依据第六段第一句“TheFeynmanTechnique,hisapproachtoimprovinglearning,featuresexplainingorteachingwhatyoulearntoothers.”（费曼技巧是他改进学习的方法，其特点是向他人说明或传授你所学到的学问。）可知，费曼技巧的特点是向他人说明或传授你所学到的学问。故选A。3.推理推断题。依据最终一段“Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidtheRomanphilosopherSeneca.”可知，几千年来，人们都知道，理解一个概念的最好方法，就是把概念交给别人。罗马哲学家塞内卡说过:“我们在教学的同时也在学习”。由此推断出，最终一段中提到Seneca是为了说明教育他人的重要性。故选B。4.主旨大意题。依据第一段第一句和其次句“Ifyouareaimingtomasteranythingquickly,youcanlearnfromAlbertEinsteinandRichardFeynman.Theyofferpracticaladviceyoucanusetoimproveyourlearning.”（假如你的目标是快速驾驭任何东西，你可以向阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和理查德·费曼学习。他们供应好用的建议，你可以用来提高你的学习。）可知，短文的最佳标题为“快速学习的秘诀”。故选A。7Lifeisfilledwithchallenges.Aswegetolder,wecometorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewithfriendship.Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwochoices.Wecantrytochallengeit,orwecandecidethatthethingisn’tworththetroubleandcallitquits.Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneedediscommitment(投入)andcommunication.Whenwearecommittedtosomething,itmeansthatnomatterhowpainfulorhowuncomfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoosetofaceitinsteadofrunningawayfromit.Communicationismakingspacefordiscussionandtalkingabouthowyoufeelinsteadofjustsayingwhattheotherpersondidwrong.Ifyoucansaytoafriend,“Igotmyfeelingshurt.”ratherthan“Youhurtmyfeelings.”youaregoingtobeabletosolvetheproblemmuchfaster.Indealingwithmanychallengesthatfriendshipwillbringtoyou,trytoseethemforwhattheyare:smallhurdles(栏杆)youneedtojumporgetthroughonyourwaythroughlife.Nothingissobigthatitisimpossibletogetover,andhurtonlyservestomakeusstronger.It’sallpartofgrowingup.Ithappenstoeveryone,andsomedayyouwilllookbackonallofthisandsay,“Hardasitwas,itmademewhoIamtoday.Andthatisagoodthing,”24.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Friendshipneedschallenges.B.Challengesshapeourchallenges.C.Smallhurdlesaren’tworththetrouble.Dmitmentcanformfriendship.25.Whatdidthewritersuggestwhenfacedwithachallenge?A.Oneshouldcallitquits.B.Oneshouldtemporarilyrunawayfromit.C.Oneshouldbecommittedandcommunicable.D.Oneshouldlayjtasideforawhileandaskforothers’help.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“callitquits”inParagraph1mean?A.Letgoofit. B.Getoverit,C.Forgetaboutit. D.Putitaside.27.Thewholepassageiscenteredontherelationshipbetween________.A.friendshipandchallenges BmunicationandfriendshipCmitmentandcommunication D.challengesandthewaystogetthrough【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.A【分析】本文是一篇争论文，告知我们友情中的挑战有助于我们成长，我们应当正确对待友情中的挑战。24.推理推断题。依据第一段“Aswegetolder,wecometorealizethatthosechallengesaretheverythingsthatshapeusandmakeuswhoweare.Itisthesamewiththechallengesthatcomewithfriendship.”（随着年龄的增长，我们渐渐意识到，正是这些挑战塑造了我们，让我们成为了现在的自己。友情带来的挑战也是如此）可知，友情带来的挑战有助于我们的成长，因此友情中也须要挑战，故选A。25.推理推断题。依据第一段“Althoughtherearecertainlytimeswhencallingitquitsistherightthingtodo,inmostcasewhatweneedediscommitmentandcommunication.”（虽然有时放弃是正确的，但在大多数状况下，我们须要的是投入和沟通）可知，作者认为面对友情中的挑战时，我们须要投入和沟通，故选C。26.词句揣测题。依据画线短语前的“Whenwearefacedwithachallenge,weusuallyhavetwochoices.Wecantrytochallengeit,orwecandecidethatthethingisn’tworththetrouble”可知，当面对挑战时，我们通常有两种选择。一种是我们可以试着挑战它，另一种是我们认定这件事不值得我们费心去做，接下来自然是放弃它，由此可知画线短语的意思是“放手、放弃”，故选A。27.主旨大意题。通读全文