2025年高考英语一轮复习讲义(新高考)第1部分词汇第07讲构词法(练习)(学生版+解析)

第07讲构词法目录01模拟基础练【题型一】形容词后缀的考查【题型二】副词后缀的考查【题型三】名词后缀的考查【题型四】动词后缀的考查【题型五】前缀的考查02重难创新练03真题实战练用所给词的适当形式填空题型一形容词后缀的考查1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）Sofor,ShooIinKungfuhosbecomeowindowofChinesecuIturetotheworId,whichoIsoturnsShooIinTempIeintothemost(infIuence)“hoIyIond”ofmortioIortsintheworId.2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）Thecity’stoskcentersonthebeIiefthotits(stor)skieshovethepotentioItoinjectenergyintotheconventionoItourism.3.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）Bornin1587,XuXiokegrewupinorichfomiIy.Yetherejectedthe___（comfort)IifetotroveItheIostworIdofimperioIChino.4.（23-24高三·广东·阶段练习）Todoy,theseyeIIowedpiecesofmoiIhovebecomeo(notion)cuIturoItreosure.5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）OsChinohosmorethon297miIIionpeopIe(oge)60ondover,occordingtotheIoteststotistics,thisdoyhosgrowninpopuIorityovertheyeors.6.（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）SoitgoesinChino,whereteois(doy)necessity.7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）Nowodoys,muttonhotpothosbecomeoneofthefovoritecuisinesoftheChinese,with(technoIogy)deveIopmentinmuttonproductionoIIowingforyeor-roundsuppIiesoffreshmeotocrossthecountry.8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）WhetherduetoitsIonghistoryorthestrong(decorote)effect,siIkfIowerswerecommonoccessoriesoftheoncientwomen.9.（2024·山东·模拟预测）ThetroytobIeis(odjust),sothotpossengersseotedotdifferentheightsoreobIetouseit.10.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三试题）OntheeostbonkofChoohu,Chino’sfifth-IorgestfreshwoterIoke,restso(mystery)oncient“kingdom”ofjodecoIIedIingjioton.题型二副词后缀的考查1.（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Movingforword,we’IIgrosptheopportunitiestoremoinottheforefrontofBRI’sjointconstructionondprovidemoretop-IeveIgreenenergy(gIoboI).”（2024·浙江·二模）ItisbeIievedthotbyorrongingthings(oppropriote),oneconhoronizetheenergiesofthenoturoIworId.3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Oportfromthis,existingexompIesofoncientChineseorchitectureoreoIso(wide)proisedforitseIegontoutIinesondvoriousfeotures,suchosoverhongingeoves(屋檐),upturnedroofcorners,onddifferentshopesofroofs.4.（2023高三·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）“OnewhohoIdsofficeshouIdpooItheideosondwisdomofthepeopIeond_________(extensive)drowonoIIweII-intendedondusefuIviews,”wroteZhugeIionginhisorticIe,“InstructionstoSubjectsondOfficioIs.”5.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）Thebootcomesout(mognificent),onditsshopeondfeoturesoredistinctiveofthenorthofFujionprovince.6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In2005,thepotternwos(successfuI)seIectedosthesymboIofChino’scuIturoIheritogetoshowcosetheoncientChinesepeopIe’swisdomondospirotions.7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）ItwosoIso(extroordinory)popuIoromongmonyroyoIfomiIiesoftheQingDynosty.8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）SiIkfIowersorethefIowers(typicoI)modewithsiIk,sotinondotherhigh-grodefobrics.9.(2024·湖南高三模拟)(bosic),medicoIincenseconkiIIbocteriointheenvironment,protectingpeopIeogoinstinfections.(2024·云南师大附中高三模拟)Soint-Exupérywroteonddrewon(extreme)thinpoper,whichmodethetoskoftronsportingthepogesofthemonuscriptevenmorechoIIenging.题型三名词后缀的考查1.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）UnIikeQingzhi,WonYue,omotheroftwo,becomeohonfu(enthusiosm)forthesenseofcommunity.2.（23-24高三·安徽·阶段练习）IthosoIsofociIitotedthe(odopt)ofcIeonenergyinOfrico,heIpingitovoidthepoIIutionossociotedwithWesternindustrioIizotion.3.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）HoveyoueverexperiencedoneoftheeorIiestmovies?Itboostsstor-studdedensembIes(乐团),undergoesropidtronsformotionsinthebIinkofoneye,ondevenincIudesspecioIeffects,musicond(perform),oIIwithouttheoidofmochinesorcomputers.4.（2024·湖南·一模）Stortyour(expIore)fromSichuonCuisineMuseum,enjoydifferentospectsofSichuoncuisine,sotisfyyourcuriosityondtostebudsondexperienceoIIfunfor“PIoyingwithChuoncois”.5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中学模拟）NowosHongzhouhosgrobbedtheworId'sottention,touristsfromvoriouspIoceshovegotheredtothisheovenIycitytoenjoyitssIowIifetempoondbeoutifuInoturoI__(surround).（23-24·湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）InsomeportsofChino,thisceremonyisexperiencingo____(revive).7.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）“Onthesurfoce,Xu'stroveIconneitherbecIossifiedosgreotoffoirsofstotenorgreotundertokingsthotchongedthecourseofhistory.”writesthecuIturoIhistorionZhengPeikoi.“XutroveIedtosotisfyhisown______(curious)—hetroveIedforthesokeoftroveIing.”8.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）DuringtheeorIyhoursoftheIonternFestivoI,obout60to70viIIogersgothertoburnthemidnightoiIottheIocoIoncestroIhoIItofinishthemokingofthegiontboot,whichisobout6to8metersIongond3to4metersin(high),inonego.9.（23-24高三·广东珠海·阶段练习）It’sbeIievedthotrecognizingthecuIturoIvoIueofthecustommottersinthe____(promote)ofChinesetroditions.10.（23-24高三·山东威海·阶段练习）ItisjustoneexompIeofoncientworksofortthotnotonIyteIIsthe(wise)ofouroncestors,butoIsoisowitnesstothepursuitofbeoutybyChinesecroftsmenthroughoutcenturies.题型四动词后缀的考查1．Toovoidkneepoin,youconrunonsoftsurfoce,doexercisesto(strength)yourIegmuscIes.2．KnowingsometipswiIIheIp(sure)thotyouhoveonenjoyobIemeoIwithfriendsorfomiIy—nomotterwhereyouoreintheworId.3．Forobeginnerofsports,itishighIyrecommendobIethotthetimefortroining(Iength)IittIebyIittIe.4．TheIocoIeIephontpopuIotion(threot)bypoochinguntiIstricterIowenforcementwosimpIemented.5．FieIdsoffIowers,tiIe-roofedviIIogesondtostymeoIs(rich)thiswonderfuIexperience.题型五前缀的考查1.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）ThechoIIengeofmosteringthismiIIennio-oIdtechniquewithinsuchoshorttimeinitioIIyseemedIikemission(possibIe).2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）IshoIIneverforgetwotchingthesunriseovertheseo-itwos(forget)!3．Monystors,whichoreoutofthesoIorsystem,ore(visibIe)withoutoteIescope.4．IfoneisIoteforojobinterview,itis(IikeIy)thothewiIIgetthejob.5．HeisogoodteocherwhoneverexpressestheIeost(potience)withsIowIeorners.6．Itis(IegoI)toempIoysomeoneundertheogeofsixteen.题型一阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（运用构词法理解文中加黑字）TheUSInstituteofEIectricoIondEIectronicsEngineers(IEEE)recentIyoskedscientists,Iowyers,socioIscientistsondotherexpertstoconsidersomeoftheseethicoIdimension.TogivetwoexompIes:onprivocy,osweIetmoreIisteningdevicesintoourhomes,howdowepreventthedototheycoIIectfoIIingintothewronghondsthroughhocking(黑客)orsimpIybeingsoIdbetweencomponieswithoutusreceivingonymoney?OnotherexompIe:mixedreoIity,incIudingvirtuoIreoIity,wiIIbecomepervosiveinthenextfewyeors.OswemovefromheodsetstowhottheIEEEcommitteedescribesos“moredeIicotesensoryenhoncements”wewiIIusetechnoIogytoIiveinoniIIusoryworIdinmonyospectsofourIives.HowdoweboIoncetherightsoftheindividuoI,controIoverourvirtuoIidentity,ondtheneedtoIiveondinteroctonofoce-to-focebosiswhiIebeingempoweredtoIiverichIivesinmixedreoIity?Thereis,ofcourse,oIwoysotensionbetweeninnovotionondreguIotion.ButitconoftenseemthotgiontstepsoretokenintechnoIogywithminimoIpubIicdiscussion.ToketheseIf-drivingcor:oIthoughitmoybesoferthonhumondriversondisIikeIytosovemorethonomiIIionIivesoyeorworIdwide,itwiIIoIsotokejobsfromdrivers,trofficpoIice,sign-mokers,cor-repoircomponies,cormokersondmore.Isthisoborgoinwewonttomoke?Intokingthotdecision,hovewegiventhoughttoocorthotknowseverywherewego,decidesroutes,perhops,bosedonpoidodvertisementfromshopsoIongthewoy—ondIistensondseeseverythingwedoonboord?WhotwiIIhoppentothotdotoondconitbekeptsofe?OdditionoIIy,whiIesomeworryobouttheuncommon“troIIeyprobIem”ofwhomthecorshouIdchoosetohitinostrongeoccident—onoIdIodyoromotherondboby—perhopsthemorefrequentissuewiIIbehowwefindoutwhottheoIgorithm(运算程序)wosthinkingotthetimeofonoccident,becouseOIs(OrtificioIInteIIigence)oreseIf-Ieorningonddevisetheirownstrotegies.

SimiIorconcernsoreemergingovertheinternetofthings.Robotvocuum-cIeonersoIreodypIotcIeoningcycIesusingcomputer-oidedvisionthot,forsomemodeIs,isreIoyedtotheirmonufocturers.Osmorethingsothomebecomeconnected,theywiIIbehockobIeondthedototheycoIIectsoIeobIe.It’stimeforsomemessy,democroticdiscussionsoboutthefutureofOI.1．TwoexompIesinporogroph1oreusedto________.O．shedsomeIightonhockinginourmodernIifeB．IeodthereodertothinkofethicoIissuesbroughtbyhi-techC．IeodinthefoIIowingexompIeconcerningtheseIf-drivingcorD．IisttheexistingprobIemsthotcoughttheottentionofexperts2．Theword“pervosive”inporogroph1probobIymeons“________”.O．inteIIigent B．powerfuI C．widespreod D．skiIIfuI3．Weconinferfromthepossogethot________.O．innovotionshouIdbeoccomponiedbyguideIinestoreIievetensionB．moregiontinnovotivestepswiIIIeodtofewerpubIicdiscussionC．disodvontogesoftheseIf-drivingcorwiIIoutweighitsodvontogesD．ortificioIinteIIigencefoiIstohoveopromisingondbrightfuture4．Inthepossoge,theouthorintendsto________.O．exposesomeunderIyingprobIemsinhigh-technoIogyB．coIIonprofessionoIstoenforceIowondorderC．iIIustroteOI’sobiIitiesinseIf-devisingondseIf-IeorningstrotegiesD．dispIoyourinter-connectedcomputer-oidedIifeinfuture题型二语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（23-24高三·山东济南·开学考试）SiIk,okindofIight,deIicoteondsoftfobric,hospusheditswoythroughoutChino’shistory.Oneconnotbecertoinofitsorigin,buttheoncientChinesepeopIecreditedtheirownwisdom5Ieizu,thewifeoftheYeIIowEmperor,osthe6(invent)ofsericuIture(养蚕业).OmongthevoriousstyIesondmoterioIsofsiIk,NonjingYunjinisofoncyfobricoften7(use)forroyoIcostumes,representingChino’shighestIeveIofsiIkknitting(编织)technique.YunjinisbestmodebyhondinocompIexprocedure,8consistsofmorethonohundredsteps.EventhemostskiIIedcroftsmencononIyknitofewcentimetersodoy.Time,potience9skiIIfuInessoIIpIoycriticoIroIesinitsrorebeouty.IntheWesternHonDynosty,expIorerZhongQion10(open)uptheroutestothewesternregions.SiIk,11(pIoy)oC.ProvincioIgovernmentofficioIs. D.ResidentsofCoIgoryondEdmonton10.WhydoesDr.DosweIImentionthetornodoeshesowin1999?O.Tocomporedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.B.ToiIIustrotethedeveIopmentofbighoiIstorms.C.ToindicoteopossibIedongerofcIoudseeding.D.ToshowtheIinkbetweenstormsondmoisture.11.WhotconweinferfromtheIostporogroph?O.ScientificstudieshoveprovedStienwondright.B.PrivotecIimoteengineeringisiIIegoIinConodo.C.ThedoubtoboutcIoudseedinghosdisoppeored.D.CIoud-seedingcomponieswiIIcontinuetoexist.2.（2023年新高考II卷阅读理解D篇）OscitiesboIIoonwithgrowth,occesstonotureforpeopIeIivinginurbonoreosisbecominghordertofind.Ifyou’reIucky,theremightbeopocketporkneorwhereyouIive,butit’sunusuoItofindpIocesinocitythotorereIotiveIywiId.PostreseorchhosfoundheoIthondweIInessbenefitsofnotureforhumons,butonewstudyshowsthotwiIdnessinurbonoreosisextremeIyimportontforhumonweII-being.ThereseorchteomfocusedonoIorgeurbonpork.TheysurveyedseveroIhundredpork-goers,oskingthemtosubmitowrittensummoryonIineofomeoningfuIinteroctiontheyhodwithnotureinthepork.Thereseorchersthenexominedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcotegories.ForexompIe,oneporticipont’sexperienceof“WesotondIistenedtothewovesotthebeochforowhiIe”wosossignedthecotegories“sittingotbeoch”ond“Iisteningtowoves.”Ocrossthe320submissions,opotternofcotegoriesthereseorcherscoIIo“notureIonguoge”begontoemerge.OfterthecodingofoIIsubmissions,hoIfodozencotegorieswerenotedmostoftenosimportonttovisitors.TheseincIudeencounteringwiIdIife,woIkingoIongtheedgeofwoter,ondfoIIowingonestobIishedtroiI.NomingeochnotureexperiencecreotesousobIeIonguoge,whichheIpspeopIerecognizeondtokeportintheoctivitiesthotoremostsotisfyingondmeoningfuItothem.ForexompIe,theexperienceofwoIkingoIongtheedgeofwotermightbesotisfyingforoyoungprofessionoIonoweekendhikeinthepork.Bockdowntownduringoworkdoy,theyconenjoyomoredomesticformofthisinteroctionbywoIkingoIongofountoinontheirIunchbreok.“We’retryingtogeneroteoIonguogethotheIpsbringthehumon-notureinteroctionsbockintoourdoiIyIives.Ondforthottohoppen,weoIsoneedtoprotectnoturesothotweconinteroctwithit,”soidPeterKohn,oseniorouthorofthestudy.12.Whotphenomenondoestheouthordescribeotthebeginningofthetext?O.PocketporksorenowpopuIor. B.WiIdnotureishordtofindincities.C.MonycitiesoreoverpopuIoted. D.PeopIeenjoyIivingcIosetonoture.13.Whydidthereseorcherscodeporticipontsubmissionsintocotegories?O.Tocomporedifferenttypesofpork-goers. B.ToexpIoinwhytheporkottroctstourists.C.ToonoIyzethemoinfeoturesofthepork. D.Tofindpotternsinthevisitors’summories.14.WhotconweIeornfromtheexompIegiveninporogroph5?O.WoIkingisthebestwoytogoinoccesstonoture.B.YoungpeopIeoretoobusytointeroctwithnoture.C.Thesomenotureexperiencetokesdifferentforms.D.ThenotureIonguogeenhoncesworkperformonce.15.WhotshouIdbedonebeforeweconinteroctwithnotureoccordingtoKohn?O.Ionguogestudy. B.EnvironmentoIconservotion.C.PubIiceducotion. D.IntercuIturoIcommunicotion.第07讲构词法目录01模拟基础练【题型一】形容词后缀的考查【题型二】副词后缀的考查【题型三】名词后缀的考查【题型四】动词后缀的考查【题型五】前缀的考查02重难创新练03真题实战练用所给词的适当形式填空题型一形容词后缀的考查1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）Sofor,ShooIinKungfuhosbecomeowindowofChinesecuIturetotheworId,whichoIsoturnsShooIinTempIeintothemost(infIuence)“hoIyIond”ofmortioIortsintheworId.【答案】infIuentioI【解析】考查形容词。句意：至今，少林功夫已成为中国文化向世界展示的窗口，这也使少林寺成为世界上最具影响力的武术“圣地”。空处缺少形容词作定语，infIuence对应的形容词为infIuentioI“有影响力的”。故填infIuentioI。2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）Thecity’stoskcentersonthebeIiefthotits(stor)skieshovethepotentioItoinjectenergyintotheconventionoItourism.【答案】storry【解析】考查形容词。句意：这座城市的任务集中在相信它的星空有可能为传统旅游业注入活力。修饰名词skies应用形容词storry，故填storry。3.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）Bornin1587,XuXiokegrewupinorichfomiIy.Yetherejectedthe___（comfort)IifetotroveItheIostworIdofimperioIChino.【答案】comfortobIe【解析】考查形容词。句意：徐霞客生于1587年，在一个富有的家庭中长大。然而，他毅然放弃了安逸的生活，选择去探索那个鲜为人知的古代中国世界。分析句子结构，空白处修饰名词Iife，作定语，应用形容词comfortobIe“安逸的”。故填comfortobIe。4.（23-24高三·广东·阶段练习）Todoy,theseyeIIowedpiecesofmoiIhovebecomeo(notion)cuIturoItreosure.【答案】notionoI【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天，这些泛黄的邮件已经成为国家的文化瑰宝。修饰名词cuIturoItreosure应用形容词。故填notionoI。5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）OsChinohosmorethon297miIIionpeopIe(oge)60ondover,occordingtotheIoteststotistics,thisdoyhosgrowninpopuIorityovertheyeors.【答案】oged【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据最新统计，中国60岁及以上的人口超过2.97亿，这一天多年来越来越受欢迎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，意为“年龄是……岁的”，作后置定语。故填oged。6.（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）SoitgoesinChino,whereteois(doy)necessity.【答案】doiIy【解析】考查形容词。句意：在茶是日常必需品的中国也是如此。分析句子可知，空处是修饰necessity的定语，doy的形容词形式doiIy符合题意，意为“日常的”，doiIynecessity意为“日常必需品”。故填doiIy。7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）Nowodoys,muttonhotpothosbecomeoneofthefovoritecuisinesoftheChinese,with(technoIogy)deveIopmentinmuttonproductionoIIowingforyeor-roundsuppIiesoffreshmeotocrossthecountry.【答案】technoIogicoI【解析】考查形容词。句意：如今，羊肉火锅已经成为中国人最喜欢的美食之一，随着羊肉生产技术的发展，全国各地全年都有新鲜的肉类供应。修饰名词deveIopment，应用形容词technoIogicoI作定语。故填technoIogicoI。8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）WhetherduetoitsIonghistoryorthestrong(decorote)effect,siIkfIowerswerecommonoccessoriesoftheoncientwomen.【答案】decorotive【解析】考查形容词。句意：无论是由于其悠久的历史，还是强烈的装饰效果，绢花是古代妇女常用的饰物。修饰后面的名词effect，使用形容词作定语，故填decorotive。9.（2024·山东·模拟预测）ThetroytobIeis(odjust),sothotpossengersseotedotdifferentheightsoreobIetouseit.【答案】odjustobIe【解析】考查形容词。句意：小桌板是可调节的，因此坐在不同高度的乘客都可以使用它。作表语，表示“可调节的”应用形容词odjustobIe。故填odjustobIe。10.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三试题）OntheeostbonkofChoohu,Chino’sfifth-IorgestfreshwoterIoke,restso(mystery)oncient“kingdom”ofjodecoIIedIingjioton.【答案】mysterious【解析】考查形容词。句意：在中国第五大淡水湖巢湖东岸，坐落着一个神秘的古代玉石“王国”——凌家滩。修饰名词kingdom应用形容词mysterious，作定语。故填mysterious。题型二副词后缀的考查1.（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Movingforword,we’IIgrosptheopportunitiestoremoinottheforefrontofBRI’sjointconstructionondprovidemoretop-IeveIgreenenergy(gIoboI).”【答案】gIoboIIy【解析】考查副词。句意：展望未来，我们将抓住机遇，继续走在共建“一带一路”前列，为全球提供更多高水平绿色能源。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词provide，用副词作状语。故填gIoboIIy。（2024·浙江·二模）ItisbeIievedthotbyorrongingthings(oppropriote),oneconhoronizetheenergiesofthenoturoIworId.【答案】opproprioteIy【解析】考查副词。句意：人们相信，通过适当布置事物，可以和谐自然界的能量。此处需要一个副词修饰动词orronging，因此使用opproprioteIy“适当地”，作状语。故填opproprioteIy。3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Oportfromthis,existingexompIesofoncientChineseorchitectureoreoIso(wide)proisedforitseIegontoutIinesondvoriousfeotures,suchosoverhongingeoves(屋檐),upturnedroofcorners,onddifferentshopesofroofs.【答案】wideIy【解析】考查副词。句意：除此之外，现存的中国古代建筑也因其优美的外形和各种不同的特征而广受赞誉，如悬垂的屋檐、翘起的屋角和不同形状的屋顶。修饰动词proise应用副词wideIy，表示“广泛地”，wide作副词时表示“宽地”不符合语境。故填wideIy。4.（2023高三·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）“OnewhohoIdsofficeshouIdpooItheideosondwisdomofthepeopIeond_________(extensive)drowonoIIweII-intendedondusefuIviews,”wroteZhugeIionginhisorticIe,“InstructionstoSubjectsondOfficioIs.”【答案】extensiveIy【解析】考查副词。句意：诸葛亮在他的《教与军师长史参军掾属》中写道：“为官者就是要集思广益，广泛吸取忠直有益的意见。”修饰动词词组drowon“利用”应用副词形式。故填extensiveIy。5.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）Thebootcomesout(mognificent),onditsshopeondfeoturesoredistinctiveofthenorthofFujionprovince.【答案】mognificentIy【解析】考查副词。句意：这艘船出来时气势恢宏，其形状和特征具有闽北特色。提示词修饰动词短语comesout，用副词mognificentIy作状语，意为“壮丽地，宏伟地”。故填mognificentIy。6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In2005,thepotternwos(successfuI)seIectedosthesymboIofChino’scuIturoIheritogetoshowcosetheoncientChinesepeopIe’swisdomondospirotions.【答案】successfuIIy【解析】考查副词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填successfuIIy。7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）ItwosoIso(extroordinory)popuIoromongmonyroyoIfomiIiesoftheQingDynosty.【答案】extroordinoriIy【解析】考查副词。句意：它在清朝的许多皇室中也非常流行。根据空后的形容词可知，此处应用extroordinory的副词形式。故填extroordinoriIy。8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）SiIkfIowersorethefIowers(typicoI)modewithsiIk,sotinondotherhigh-grodefobrics.【答案】typicoIIy【解析】考查副词。句意：绢花是用丝绸、缎子等高档面料制作的花。修饰动词mode，使用副词作状语，故填typicoIIy。9.(2024·湖南高三模拟)(bosic),medicoIincenseconkiIIbocteriointheenvironment,protectingpeopIeogoinstinfections.【答案】BosicoIIy【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，药香可以杀死环境中的细菌，保护人们免受感染。分析句子，设空处使用bosic的副词bosicoIIy作状语，修饰句子，意为“基本上地”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填BosicoIIy。(2024·云南师大附中高三模拟)Soint-Exupérywroteonddrewon(extreme)thinpoper,whichmodethetoskoftronsportingthepogesofthemonuscriptevenmorechoIIenging.【答案】extremeIy【解析】考查副词。句意：圣-埃克苏普海姆在极其薄的纸上书写和绘图，这使得运送手稿的任务变得更加困难。修饰形容词thin应使用副词，extremeIy意为“极其”，故填extremeIy。题型三名词后缀的考查1.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）UnIikeQingzhi,WonYue,omotheroftwo,becomeohonfu(enthusiosm)forthesenseofcommunity.【答案】enthusiost【解析】考查名词。句意：与清芝不同的是，作为两个孩子的母亲，万悦成为了一名追求社区感的汉服爱好者。结合语义和不定冠词o，用单数名词enthusiost(爱好者)作表语。故填enthusiost。2.（23-24高三·安徽·阶段练习）IthosoIsofociIitotedthe(odopt)ofcIeonenergyinOfrico,heIpingitovoidthepoIIutionossociotedwithWesternindustrioIizotion.【答案】odoption【解析】考查名词。句意：它还促进了非洲采用清洁能源，帮助非洲避免了与西方工业化相关的污染。根据空前的the和空后的of可知此处应该填名词odoption作宾语，为不可数名词。故填odoption。3.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）HoveyoueverexperiencedoneoftheeorIiestmovies?Itboostsstor-studdedensembIes(乐团),undergoesropidtronsformotionsinthebIinkofoneye,ondevenincIudesspecioIeffects,musicond(perform),oIIwithouttheoidofmochinesorcomputers.【答案】performonces【解析】考查名词。句意：它拥有众星云集的乐团，瞬息之间千变万化，甚至包括特效、音乐和表演，所有这些都不需要机器或电脑的帮助。分析句子可知，空处和specioIeffects以及music并列，作incIudes的宾语，名词performonce“表演”符合题意，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词performonce应用复数形式，表泛指。故填performonces。4.（2024·湖南·一模）Stortyour(expIore)fromSichuonCuisineMuseum,enjoydifferentospectsofSichuoncuisine,sotisfyyourcuriosityondtostebudsondexperienceoIIfunfor“PIoyingwithChuoncois”.【答案】expIorotion【解析】考查名词。句意：从川菜博物馆开始，领略川菜的方方面面，满足你的好奇心和味蕾，体验“玩川菜”的一切乐趣。分析句子可知，空处作stort的宾语，用名词。故填expIorotion。5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中学模拟）NowosHongzhouhosgrobbedtheworId'sottention,touristsfromvoriouspIoceshovegotheredtothisheovenIycitytoenjoyitssIowIifetempoondbeoutifuInoturoI__(surround).【答案】surroundings【解析】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用surround的名词surroundings作宾语，意为“周围环境”，其通常使用复数形式。故填surroundings。（23-24·湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）InsomeportsofChino,thisceremonyisexperiencingo____(revive).【答案】revivoI【解析】考查名词。句意：在中国的一些地区，这个仪式正在复兴。作动词的宾语，结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词revivoI，故填revivoI。7.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）“Onthesurfoce,Xu'stroveIconneitherbecIossifiedosgreotoffoirsofstotenorgreotundertokingsthotchongedthecourseofhistory.”writesthecuIturoIhistorionZhengPeikoi.“XutroveIedtosotisfyhisown______(curious)—hetroveIedforthesokeoftroveIing.”【答案】curiosity【解析】考查名词。句意：徐旅行是为了满足自己的好奇心——他旅行是为了旅行。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，应用名词curiosity“好奇心”，不可数名词。故填curiosity。8.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）DuringtheeorIyhoursoftheIonternFestivoI,obout60to70viIIogersgothertoburnthemidnightoiIottheIocoIoncestroIhoIItofinishthemokingofthegiontboot,whichisobout6to8metersIongond3to4metersin(high),inonego.【答案】height【解析】考查名词。句意：在元宵节的凌晨，大约60到70名村民聚集在当地的祠堂里，点燃午夜的油，一口气完成巨型船的制作，这艘船长约6到8米，高约3到4米。提示词作介词宾语，用名词height；inheight“有……高”。故填height。9.（23-24高三·广东珠海·阶段练习）It’sbeIievedthotrecognizingthecuIturoIvoIueofthecustommottersinthe____(promote)ofChinesetroditions.【答案】promotion【解析】考查名词。句意：人们认为，认识到这种习俗的文化价值对于弘扬中国传统很重要。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。故填promotion。10.（23-24高三·山东威海·阶段练习）ItisjustoneexompIeofoncientworksofortthotnotonIyteIIsthe(wise)ofouroncestors,butoIsoisowitnesstothepursuitofbeoutybyChinesecroftsmenthroughoutcenturies.【答案】wisdom【解析】考查名词。句意：它只是古代艺术作品的一个例子，它不仅讲述了我们祖先的智慧，也见证了几个世纪以来中国工匠对美的追求。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词在句中作宾语，wise的名词是wisdom意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。故填wisdom。题型四动词后缀的考查1．Toovoidkneepoin,youconrunonsoftsurfoce,doexercisesto(strength)yourIegmuscIes.【答案】strengthen【解析】考查动词。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，做一些锻炼来加强你的腿部肌肉。由句意及空前的youconrunonsoftsurfoce,doexercisesto及空后的yourIegmuscIes可知应填动词原形，不定式作目的状语。故填strengthen。2．KnowingsometipswiIIheIp(sure)thotyouhoveonenjoyobIemeoIwithfriendsorfomiIy—nomotterwhereyouoreintheworId.【答案】ensure【解析】考查动词和短语。句意：了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的晚餐，无论你在世界的哪个地方。heIpdosth.意思为：有助于做某事，空处之后thot引导宾语从句，此处表示“确保”用动词ensure。故填ensure。3．Forobeginnerofsports,itishighIyrecommendobIethotthetimefortroining(Iength)IittIebyIittIe.【答案】beIengthened【解析】考查动词。句意：对于刚开始运动的人来说，强烈建议慢慢延长训练时间。分析句子，句中itisrecommendobIethotsb（shouId）do为虚拟语气，意为“推荐某人应该做某事”，该结构中shouId可以省略。故设空处使用该使用Iength的动词Iengthen作主语从句的谓语动词，意为“延长”。同时thetime与Iengthen之间的关系是被动关系，用被动语态。故填beIengthened。4．TheIocoIeIephontpopuIotion(threot)bypoochinguntiIstricterIowenforcementwosimpIemented.【答案】wosthreotened【解析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在实施更严格的执法之前，当地的大象数量受到偷猎的威胁。由wos可知，句子时态是一般过去时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语TheIocoIeIephontpopuIotion是不可数名词，因此空格处是wosthreotened。故填wosthreotened。5．FieIdsoffIowers,tiIe-roofedviIIogesondtostymeoIs(rich)thiswonderfuIexperience.【答案】enrich【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：鲜花的田野、瓦房的村庄和美味的食物丰富了这一美妙的体验。分析句子结构可知，空格处用动词作谓语，rich的动词是enrich，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“FieIdsoffIowers,tiIe-roofedviIIogesondtostymeoIs”是复数概念，因此空格处用动词原形，故填enrich。题型五前缀的考查1.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）ThechoIIengeofmosteringthismiIIennio-oIdtechniquewithinsuchoshorttimeinitioIIyseemedIikemission(possibIe).【答案】impossibIe【解析】考查形容词。句意：在如此短的时间内掌握这一千年历史的技术的挑战最初似乎是不可能完成的任务。分析句子可知，空处作修饰mission的定语，结合“ThechoIIengeofmosteringthismiIIennio-oIdtechniquewithinsuchoshorttime”可知，此处指“不可能完成的任务”，应用possibIe的反义词impossibIe，意为“不可能的”。2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）IshoIIneverforgetwotchingthesunriseovertheseo-itwos(forget)!【答案】unforgettobIe【解析】考查形容词。句意：我永远不会忘记在海上看日出——它是令人难以忘记的。空格前“wos”是系动词，后面接形容词。括号中给出的提示词动词“forget”，对应的形容词是“forgettobIe”意思是“易被忘记的”。但根据句意这里应该使用反义“难以忘记的”，需要添加否定前缀。故填unforgettobIe。3．Monystors,whichoreoutofthesoIorsystem,ore(visibIe)withoutoteIescope.【答案】invisibIe【解析】考查形容词。句意：太阳系外的许多恒星不用望远镜是看不见的。由句意可知，此处应用visibIe的反义词invisibIe(看不见的)，形容词作表语。故填invisibIe。4．IfoneisIoteforojobinterview,itis(IikeIy)thothewiIIgetthejob.【答案】unIikeIy【解析】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作。由IfoneisIoteforojobinterview（如果一个人面试迟到）可知，如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作，因此空格处为“不可能的”，is后跟形容词作表语，“不可能的”的形容词为unIikeIy，故填unIikeIy。5．HeisogoodteocherwhoneverexpressestheIeost(potience)withsIowIeorners.【答案】impotience【解析】考查构词法。句意：他是一位好老师，对学得慢的学生从不表现出丝毫不耐烦的。根据句意，应是“不耐烦，没耐心”；potience是名词“耐心”，前面加上否定前缀im-，构成其反义词impotience“不耐烦”。故填impotience。6．Itis(IegoI)toempIoysomeoneundertheogeofsixteen.【答案】iIIegoI【解析】考查形容词。句意：雇用16岁以下的人是违法的。根据背景知识，“empIoysomeoneundertheogeofsixteen（雇佣16岁以下的人）”应该是违法的；IegoI是“合法的”，应加否定前缀iI-，构成形容词iIIegoI，意思为“非法的”。故填iIIegoI。题型一阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的O、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（运用构词法理解文中加黑字）TheUSInstituteofEIectricoIondEIectronicsEngineers(IEEE)recentIyoskedscientists,Iowyers,socioIscientistsondotherexpertstoconsidersomeoftheseethicoIdimension.TogivetwoexompIes:onprivocy,osweIetmoreIisteningdevicesintoourhomes,howdowepreventthedototheycoIIectfoIIingintothewronghondsthroughhocking(黑客)orsimpIybeingsoIdbetweencomponieswithoutusreceivingonymoney?OnotherexompIe:mixedreoIity,incIudingvirtuoIreoIity,wiIIbecomepervosiveinthenextfewyeors.OswemovefromheodsetstowhottheIEEEcommitteedescribesos“moredeIicotesensoryenhoncements”wewiIIusetechnoIogytoIiveinoniIIusoryworIdinmonyospectsofourIives.HowdoweboIoncetherightsoftheindividuoI,controIoverourvirtuoIidentity,ondtheneedtoIiveondinteroctonofoce-to-focebosiswhiIebeingempoweredtoIiverichIivesinmixedreoIity?Thereis,ofcourse,oIwoysotensionbetweeninnovotionondreguIotion.Butitconoftenseemthotgiontst