小学英语语法一般过去时的用法练习题

小学英语语法一般过去时的用法练习题一般过去时（PEPBook8Unit3LastWeek/Unit4MyHolidays）Hello,boysandgirls!今天我们讲一般过去时，分三个方面讲述，大家可要认真听哟！I.一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：lastyear,yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often,always等频率副词连用。例如：①Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。②LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。II.一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成：(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。III.一般过去时的几种句型肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。否定句结构为：主语+didnot(didn't)+动词原形+其它。如：Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如：1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)2)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?-No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如：1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?-Ididmyhomework.2)-Wheredidyougolastweek?-IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.一般过去时口诀一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didn't站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。小朋友们口诀记，学会一般过去时没问题。小学阶段要掌握的几个动词的过去式:watchedTV,washedclothes,playedfootball,cleanedtheroom,visitedgrandparents,wenttoapark,wentswimming,readabook,wentfishing,wenthiking,learnedChinese,sanganddanced,tookpictures,climbedamountain,ategoodfood,boughtpresents,rowedaboat,sawelephants,wentskiing,wentice-skating.同学们，关于一般过去时我们就简单地学这些，你们都掌握了吗？加油呀！一一般过去时的练习I.用所给的动词的适当形式填空。⒈He_____(visit)theGreatWalllastyear.2.We________(have)agoodtimeyesterday.3.Weoften_______(go)toschoolbybuslastyear.4.I________(live)inthevillagewhenIwasachild.5.Mike______(see)abigtigerinthenatureparklastyear.6.Sam_____(do)thehouseworkyesterday.7.______(do)you_______(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?8.______(do)you_________(play)theviolinintheartroomyesterday?No,Ididn't.I_____(draw)somepicturesthere.9..I______(eat)abigpizzayesterday.10.There____(be)manysheeponthefarmlastyear.11.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.12.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.13.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)14.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?15.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.II.选择填空()1.Shewateredtheflowers________.AtomorrowBsometimesCyesterdaymorning()2.What____Mikedolastweekend?AdoBdoesCdid()3.I___myroomlastSunday.AcleanedBcleanCamcleaning()4.Ioftenhelpmymother_____housework.AdoesBdidCdo()5._____you_____TVlastnight.ADo,watchBDid,watchCDid,watched()6.---Didyourfatherwriteane-mailyesterday？AYes,hedid.BYes,hedoesCNo,hedon’t()7.They_____onatripinFebruary,2007.AaregoingBgoingCwent()8.We’regoingto_____mountainstomorrow.AclimbBclimbedCclimbing()9.____he____footballtwodaysago?ADoes,playBDid,playedCDid,play()10.----Goodafternoon,MissLee.HowdoesMikefeel?-----He’stired.He____alotofwork______.Adoes,thismorningBdo,thismorningCdid,thismorningIII．连词成句。1.did,what,you,yesterday,do._______________________________________2.watch,John,did,TV,weekend,last._______________________________________3.went,I,to,by,park,a,bike_______________________________________4.jumped,the,into,lake,he,and,the,to,swam,kite._______________________________________________________________________IV.根据句意,填上合适的单词。1．-Whereyougoonyourholiday？-Iapark。2．-didyoudoonyourholiday？-Ipresents。3．-didyougothere？IIwentplane.1不定式作宾语1)动词+不定式affordaimappearagreearrangeaskbedecidebothercarechoosecomedaredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavorhopefailhappenhelphesitatelearnlongmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwaitwishundertake举例：Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。2）动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needprefer,prepare,promise,want,wish…Iliketokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。IwanttospeaktoTom.我想和汤姆谈话。IwantyoutospeaktoTom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。3）动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tellPleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们如何去做。Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。2不定式作补语1)动词+宾语+不定式(todo)adviseallowappointbelievecausemandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguesshireimagineimpelinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitpersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstatesupposetellthinktraintrustunderstandurgewarn例句：a.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。b.Webelievehimtobeguilty.我们相信他是有罪的。Find的特殊用法：Find后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。Ifoundhimlyingontheground.Ifounditimportanttolearn.IfoundthattolearnEnglishisimportant.典型例题:Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed，dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。2)to+be的不定式结构，作补语的动词。Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover,fancy(设想),feelfind,guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以为),understandWeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。典型例题CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered___thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented答案：A.由considertodosth.排除B、D。.此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。3)tobe+形容词Seem,appear,besaid,besupposed,bebelieved,bethought,beknown,bereported,hope,wish,desire,want,plan,expect,mean…Thebookisbelievedtobeuninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思。4)therebe+不定式believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstandWedidn'texpecttheretobesomanypeoplethere.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。注意：有些动词需用as短语做补语，如regard,thinkbelieve,take,consider.WeregardTomasourbestteacher.我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。Marytookhimasherfather.玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。3不定式主语1）It'seasy(forme)todothat.我做这事太容易了easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenoughIt'ssonicetohearyourvoice.听到你的声音真高兴。It'snecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。2)It'sverykindofyoutohelpus.他帮助我们，他真好。Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的)例句:Itwassillyofustobelievehim.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。Itseemedselfishofhimnottogivethemanything.他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。注意：1)其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型2)不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用Itis…to…的句型(对)Toseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。(错)Itistobelievetosee.4It'sforsb.和It'sofsb.1）forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：It'sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：Youarenice.(通顺，所以应用of)。Heishard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)5不定式作表语不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Hisdreamistobeadoctor.6不定式作定语不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：Ihavealotofworktodo.Sohemadesomecandlestogivelight.7不定式作状语1）目的状语To…onlyto(仅仅为了),inorderto,soasto,so(such)…asto…(如此……以便……)Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.我来仅仅是向你告别。2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。WhathaveIsaidtomakeyouangry.Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.3)表原因I'mgladtoseeyou.典型例题Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto___.A.sitB.sitonC.beseatD.besaton答案：B.如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。8用作介词的toto有两种用法：一为不定式+动词原形；一为介词+名词/动名词,to在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+名词/动名词：admitto承认，confessto承认，beaccustomedto习惯于，beusedto习惯于，stickto坚持，turnto开始，着手于，devoteoneselfto献身于，bedevotedto致力于，lookforwardto盼望，payattentionto注意9省to的动词不定式1）情态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2）使役动词let,have,make：3）感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance.Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.4）wouldrather，hadbetter：5）Why…/whynot…：6）help可带to，也可不带to,helpsb(to)dosth：7）but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。8）由and,or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to可以省去：9）通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后，可以省去tobe：Heissupposed(tobe)nice.他应该是个好人。举例：HewantstomovetoFranceandmarrythegirl.Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.比较：Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.典型例题1)----Iusuallygotherebytrain.----Whynot___byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing答案：D.whynot后面接不带to的不定式，因此选D。2）Pauldoesn'thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning答案：B.make后接不带to的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to不可省略。10动词不定式的否定式Tellhimnottoshutthewindow…ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.我走过的时候，她假装没看见。典型例题1）Tellhim___thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut答案：B。tellsbtodosth的否定形式为tellsbnottodosth.2)Shepretended___mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen答案：A。pretend后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretendnottodosth.。3）Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter___afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive答案：A。warnsbtodosth.的否定形式为warnsbnottodosth.此处用的是否定词never.4)Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet，buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto答案：A。notto为nottodoit的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。5)Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnoB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为bewarnednottodo。11不定式的特殊句型too…to…1）too…to太…以至于…Heistooexcitedtospeak.他太激动了，说不出话来。----CanIhelpyou?需要我帮忙吗?----Well,I'mafraidtheboxistooheavyforyoutocarryit,butthankyouallthesame.不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。2)如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定，too后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意为"不太"。It'snevertoolatetomend.(谚语)改过不嫌晚。3)当too前面有only,all,but时，意思是：非常…等于very。I'monlytoopleasedtobeabletohelpyou.我非常高兴能帮助你。Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他非常想回家。12不定式的特殊句型soasto1）表示目的；它的否定式是soasnottodo。Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnottolosehisjob.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。2)sokindasto---劳驾Wouldyoubesokindastotellmethetime?劳驾，现在几点了。13不定式的特殊句型Whynot"Whynot+动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?""干吗不……?"例如：Whynottakeaholiday?干吗不去度假?14不定式的时态和语态时态\语态主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing1)现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。Heseemstoknowthis.Ihopetoseeyouagain.=IhopethatI'llseeyouagain.我希望再见到你。2)完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Heseemstohavecaughtacold.3)进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4)完成进行时：Sheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears.15动名词与不定式1）动名词与不定式的区别：动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的2）接不定式或动名词，意义相同。3）动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组：1stoptodostopdoing2forgettodoforgetdoing3remembertodorememberdoing4regrettodoregretdoing5ceasetodoceasedoing6trytodotrydoing7goontodogoondoing8afraidtodoafraiddoing9interestedtoeresteddoing10meantodomeandoing11begin/starttodobegin/startdoing1()1-Haveyougotsomewatertodrink?-Hereyouare.There___stillsomeinthebottle.A.areB.wereC.isD.was()2_____theremanyAmericanfriendsintheschoollastFriday?A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were()3There____agreatmanyaccidentslastyear.A.wereB.areC.isD.was()4-Howmanychildren____inthepicture?-Three.A.hasthereB.isthereC.havethereD.arethere2()1In1850,aboutathirdofU.S.A___coveredbyforests.A.wereB.hasbeenC./D.was()2Mostofourearth____coveredbywater.A.areB.isC.wasD.were()3Sunday____thefirstdayoftheweek.A.isB.areC.amD.be()4Neither___right.A.answersareB.answersaren'tC.answerisD.answerisn't3()1Thepopulationoftheworld____still____now.A.has;grownB.will;growC.is;growingD.isgrown()2There____manypeoplerunningintheparkeverymorning.A.isB.wereC.areD.have()3Thesepoliceoften___thechildrenacrossthestreet.A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.ishelping4()1___goingtoEnglandbyairnextweek.A.TheGreenfamilyareB.TheGreensfamilyareC.TheGreen'sfamilyareD.Greenfamilyare()2Thewholefamily____enjoyingthebeautifulmusicnow.A.isallB.allisC.allareD.areall()3Ourclass___big.A.isB.areC.wereD.will5()1NeitherhenorI____fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be()2Eitheryouorhe____right.A.areB.isC.doesD.were()3NeitherMarynorherbrother____goodatsinging.A.isB.areC.isnotD.arenot()4NotonlyTombutalsoAliceandMary____busy.A.isB.wasC.areD.has6()1Physics___interestingtous.A.areB.hasC.isD.were()2Thenews____exciting.Wegotexcitedatit.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are()3Thoughmathematics____hard,weallworkatithard.areB.wereC.wasD.is【知识梳理】I.重点短语1.Sitdown2.onduty3.inEnglish4.haveaseat5.athome6.looklike7.lookat8.havealook9.comeon10.atwork11.atschool12.puton13.lookafter14.getup15.goshoppingII.重要句型1.helpsb.dosth.2.Whatabout…?3.Let’sdosth.4.It’stimetodosth.5.It’stimefor…6.What’s…?Itis…/It’s…7.Whereis…?It’s….8.Howoldareyou?I’m….9.Whatclassareyouin?I’min….10.Welcometo….11.What’s…plus…?It’s….12.Ithink…13.Who’sthis?Thisis….14.Whatcanyousee？Icansee….15.Thereis(are)….16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It’s(They’re)…17.Whose…isthis?It’s….18.Whattimeisit?It’s….III.交际用语1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….2.Hello!Hi!3.Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.4.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?5.Seeyou.Seeyoulater.6.Thankyou!You’rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What’syourname?Mynameis….9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please.10.Who’sondutytoday?11.Let’sdo.12.Letmesee.IV.重要语法1.动词be的用法；2.人称代词和物主代词的用法；3.名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4.冠词的基本用法；5.Therebe句型的用法。【名师讲解】1.in/on在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有只鸟。Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有张图。2.this/that/these/those(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.请把这些书拿到他房间去。Thisismine;that’syours.这个是我的，那个是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.这些是苹果，那些是橘子。(2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如：ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是玛丽。你是谁？3.Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐。(2)Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那树上有许多苹果。总之，Therebe结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4)Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。(5)Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四个房间。4.look/see/watch(1)look表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：He’slookingatme。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4.puton//inputon意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作,后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。5.house/home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午请到我家来。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我们全家都起得很早。6.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：(1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身体很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一台很好的机器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她儿子是一个好学生。Theredcarisverygood.那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.我身体很好，谢谢。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友们歌唱得好。一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________teach_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write_________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______________________tog