浙江省嘉兴市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末考试英语试题

嘉兴市2023～2024学年第二学期期末检测高一英语试题卷考生须知：1.全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，试题卷12页，答题纸2页，有四部分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。3.请用黑墨水签字笔将考生个人相关信息填写在答题纸的相应位置上.第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandothismorning?A.Hewentforarun.B.Hejoinedagym.C.Hedidsomework.2.Whydoesthemanneedamap?A.TotourManchester.B.Tofindarestaurant.C.TolearnaboutChina.3.Whatisthemostimportantthingfortheteamtowin?A.Theyworkedveryhard.B.Theybelievedinthemselves.C.Theyencouragedeachother.4.WheredidthemanlearnaboutIeohMingPei?A.Fromamuseumguide.B.Fromauniversitycourse.C.Fromavideoseries.5.Whatwillthespeakersbuild?A.Anewwall.B.Aplayground.C.Agarden.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inamanager’soffice.C.Inaschool.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Readinganewspaper.B.Writingareport.C.WatchingTV.9.Whatcouldthenewsatellitebeusedfor?A.Doinganoceansurvey.B.Providingpicturesofaffectedareas.C.Reducingthenumberofearthquakes.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwilltheconcertbegin?A.At7:45pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At8:15pm.11.Whatistheconductor’snationality?A.French.B.Austrian.C.Italian.12.Wheredidthespeakershearthesecondpiecebefore?A.Inafilm.B.InDisneyland.C.Overtheradio.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatkindofworkdidMr.Gehryusetodoprobably?A.Ananimalcarer.B.ATVhost.C.Asoftwareengineer.14.WhatwasthebiggestproblemforMr.GehryinsettingupWarmNest?A.Gettingapermit.B.Raisingenoughmoney.C.Formingasupportiveteam.15.HowmanyvolunteerswerethereinWarmNestfiveyearsago?A.Aroundonehundred.B.Aroundfifty.C.Aroundten.16.WhatisthedailyfocusofWarmNest?A.Caringforlargeanimals.B.Providingtrainingforpetowners.C.Offeringtreatmenttosmallanimals.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutnewtechnology?A.Hopeful.B.Confused.C.Worried.18.Whendidthespeakerstarttouseamobilephone?A.Atsixyearsold.B.Atnineyearsold.C.Atfifteenyearsold.19.Whatisthefirstindustrythespeakerwouldliketochange?A.Globaleducation.B.Traveling.C.Filmandmusic.20.Whatwouldthespeakertrytodointhefuture?A.Improvefoodquality.B.Explorenewenvironments.C.Lowerpricesoftechnologyproducts.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWinasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealongTheAlgarveCoastWORTH€2,910AppreciatingthattheworldismorebeautifulonfootRambleWorldwidehasbeenorganizingexpertlyplannedgroupguidedholidaysandunforgettableadventuresalongtheworld’smostuniquefootpathsforover75years.Inthepanyofaknowledgeablewalkleader,enjoythearea’sPortuguesecharmwithwalkstooneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbeachesandexploretheprettycoastalvillages.Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.SimplyAnswertheFollowingQuestionQuestion:HowlonghasRambleWorldwidebeenorganizinggroupguidedholidays?A.Over75years.B.Over30years.C.Over20years.ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.TERMS&CONDITONS:·Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.·Travelinsuranceisnotincluded.PETITIONENTRYRULES:·ThepetitionisonlyopentoresidentsoftheUK,aged18orover.·Onlyoneentryperperson.·Thewinningentrywillbechosenatrandom(随机)andthewinnerwillbeinformedbyemailorpost.1Whichofthefollowingservicescanawinnergetinthewalkingholiday?A.Asingleroom. B.Professionalguidance.C.Aroundtripairticket. D.Threefreemealsaday.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprize?A.Itcoverstravelinsuranceforthewinner.B.Therearesixsetoffdatestochoosefrom.C.Thosewhoanswerthegivenquestionwillwinit.D.Bothchildrenandadultsareallowedtoparticipate.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Inatravelbrochure. B.Inatourismposter.C.Onatravelagencywebsite. D.Inatravelmagazine.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项双人七夜徒步旅行活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theprize,whichisfortwoadults,includesflightsfromGatwicktoFaro,7nights’halfboardacmodationbasedontwosharing,withbreakfastsatthehotelanddinnersinlocalrestaurants,transportandtheserviceofawalkleader.(该奖项面向两名成年人，包括从盖特威克到法罗的航班、基于两人共享的7晚半食宿、酒店早餐和当地餐馆晚餐、交通和徒步领队服务。)”可知，在徒步旅行中，获胜者可以获得徒步领队的专业指导。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TERMS&CONDITONS:下列“Theholidaywillbeginoneither17thMarch,14thApril,19thMay,6thOctober,3rdNovemberor24thNovember2024.(假期将于2024年3月17日、4月14日、5月19日、10月6日、11月3日或11月24日开始。)”可知，旅行有六个启程日可供选择。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题Winasevennightwalkingholidayfortwopeoplealong(赢得双人七夜徒步旅行)和表格中最后一行“ThenclickhereandputyourchosenanswerA,BorContheentryform.(然后点击这里，在报名表上填上你选择的答案A、B或C。)”可知，这段文字来自在旅行社网站上。故选C项。BHumanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.HecalledittheSquareFootGarden(SFG),andthebookhewroteaboutitsoldover2.5millioncopies,beingthebestsellinggardeningbookofalltime.Uponhisretirementin1975,Bartholomewbecameinterestedingardening,butthemorehegotintoit,themoreinefficienthefoundittobe.Gardeninghadlongbeenpracticedinrows,whichBartholemewfoundtobewasteful,anddifficulttowork.Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.Bartholemew’sviewwasthattraditionalgardeningwithitslongrowsinbetweenwastedspace,water,fertilizer(化肥)andwork.Infact,hisconclusionwasthatrowgardenstookupabout80percentmorespacethanneeded.Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).TheSFGsystemispopularandreliable,butithaslimitations.Forinstance,itcanbeexpensivetosetup,althoughusingrecyclablematerialstobuildbedscanhelp.Inaddition,itdoesn’tworkwellindryclimatesbecauseraisedbedsdryoutmorequickly.Butwhateveritslimitations,SFGhasgottenmillionsofpeoplegrowingtheirownfoodwhomightotherwisehaveneverknownthejoyofgardening.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inparagraph1mean?A.Remove. B.Cause. C.Replace. D.Control.5.WhatkindofpersonwasMelBartholomew?A.Carefulandpatient. B.Friendlyandoutgoing.C.Creativeandresourceful. D.Responsibleandhelpful.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheadvantageofSFG?A.Ithelpssavespace. B.Ituseslessenergy.C.Itbenefitstheenvironment. D.Itworksindifferentclimates.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingbookongardening. B.Thehistoryoftraditionalgardening.C.Agardeningmethodinventedbyanengineer. D.ThegreatjoybroughtbytheSquareFootGarden.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位土木工程师想出了一种新的种植粮食方法，介绍了其优点以及局限性。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(每个方格都用于种植一种特定的蔬菜，植物被紧密排列以减少杂草的生长空间，这也说明了它的水和资源效率。)”以及划线词后文“alotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit”可知，这种方法减少杂草的生长空间，增加了资源利用，即可以去除了许多繁琐的除草和浇水工作。故划线词意思是“去除”。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Usinghisengineeringknowhow,Bartholomewcameupwithamethodofgardeningthatcouldbepracticedinatinybackyardorrooftop,andwhichrequiredonly10percentofthewaterofarowgarden.(利用他的工程技术，巴塞洛缪想出了一种园艺方法，可以在一个小后院或屋顶上练习，只需要排花园10%的水。)”以及第三段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.Eachsquarewasusedforaspecificvegetableandtheplantswerecloselypackedtomakelessspaceforweeds,whichalsoaccountedforitswaterandresourceefficiency(效率).(为了最大限度地利用空间，他开始使用凸起的床，把床分成许多12×12英寸的正方形，每个正方形都用绳子或木隔板隔开。每个方格都用于种植一种特定的蔬菜，植物被紧密排列以减少杂草的生长空间，这也说明了它的水和资源效率。)”可知，梅尔·巴塞洛缪有创造力和机智。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inordertomaximizespace,hebeganusingraisedbeds,dividedintoanumberof12×12inchsquares,eachsquaremarkedoffwithstringorwooddividers.(为了最大限度地利用空间，他开始使用凸起的床，把床分成许多12×12英寸的正方形，每个正方形都用绳子或木隔板隔开。)”可知，SFG有助于节省空间。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humanshavebeengrowingfoodforabout12,000years,but50yearsagoacivilengineernamedMelBartholomewfiguredoutanewwaytodoitthatcouldeliminatealotoftiringweeding(除草)andwateringthatwentwithit.(人类种植粮食已有12000年的历史，但50年前，一位名叫梅尔·巴塞洛缪的土木工程师想出了一种种植粮食的新方法，可以省去许多繁琐的除草和浇水工作。)”结合文章主要介绍了一位土木工程师想出了一种新的种植粮食方法，介绍了其优点以及局限性。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是一位工程师发明的园艺方法。故选C。CIfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.Meanwhile,manytechnologistsclaimthatGenAItoolssuchasChatGPTaremorelikelytohelpworkersthanreplacethem.Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客户).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.However,withoutcarefullyassessing(评估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.Firmsshouldthereforeidentifywhetherthetechthey’reinterestedinislikelytobeanetbenefitornot,accordingtoPeter,assistantprofessorofAIatLeidenUniversity.Actually,thereareseveralotherdisadvantagesthatfirmsseekingtoadoptitmustavoid.Inabankingconference,forinstance,15CIOshadallbeenkeentorealizethehugeproductivitygainspromisedbyGenAI.Threemonthslater,theseITchiefs“hitawall”whentrustissuesconcerningdataprivacyandsecurityarose.Theywereworriedthatthedatatheyhadbeenputtingintothetoolswouldmakeitswayintotheirpetitors’banks.DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.8.Whydoestheauthorlistnumbersinparagraph1?A.ToexplaintheupsettingfactaboutAI.B.Tointroducetechnologists’viewsonAI.C.ToprovethevalueoftheresearchonAI.D.Toshowdifferentpeople’sideasaboutAI.9.WhatcanwelearnfromtheexampleofClearyGottliebfor?A.ThelawfirmlacksconfidenceinAI.B.TheAlcan’tsummarizelawyers’experience.C.ThedocumentproducedbyAIisofpoorquality.D.Furtherstepsareneededbeforethedocumentisused.10.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.ThepotentialrisksofAI. B.ThewaytoassessAl’seffects.C.TheongoingapplicationofAI. D.Thedifficultiesemployeesface.11.WhatcanweinferfromDylanMorley’sopinion?A.FirmsshouldnotuseAItools.B.AIisnottheonlywaytogainefficiency.C.AIisamoreplextoolthanwethink.D.It’snecessarytomeasuretheimpactofAI.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能（AI）在不同行业中的应用、其潜在影响以及公司应该如何评估和管理这些影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“IfwearetobelievesomeoftheupsettingheadlinesaboutAl,barelyanyone’sjobissafe.32%ofUKemployeesthinkAIcouldmaketheirrolesunnecessary,accordingtoaresearchin2023.Yetthesameresearchfoundthat28%ofworkersbelieveAIcouldmaketheirjobseasier.(如果我们相信一些关于人工智能的令人不安的头条新闻，那么几乎没有人的工作是安全的。根据2023年的一项研究，32%的英国员工认为人工智能可能会使他们的角色变得不必要。然而，同样的研究发现，28%的员工认为人工智能可以让他们的工作更轻松。)”可知，作者在第一段中通过列出具体的数字，如32%的英国员工认为人工智能可能会使他们的角色变得不必要、28%的员工认为人工智能可以让他们的工作更轻松，是为了展示不同人对AI的不同看法。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Andsodifferentindustriesareexploringit.InternationallawfirmClearyGottliebfor,forinstance,usesGenAItoscanitsdatabasesandcreateasummaryofitslawyers’relevantexperiencebeforemeetingswithanewclient(客户).However,thefirmsaysthatthedocumentproducedbytheAIwon’tbereadytosendimmediately.(所以不同的行业都在探索它。例如，国际律师事务所ClearyGottliebfor使用GenAI扫描其数据库，并在与新客户会面之前创建其律师的相关经验摘要。然而，该公司表示，人工智能生成的文件不会立即准备好发送。)”可知，虽然该公司使用了AI工具来扫描数据库并生成律师的相关经验摘要，但这个由AI生成的文档不会立即准备好发送。这意味着在使用这个文档之前，还需要进行进一步的步骤或检查。因此，我们可以从这个例子中了解到，在使用AI生成的文档之前需要进一步的步骤。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“However,withoutcarefullyassessing(评估)itspossiblesideeffectsbeforehand,paniesthatadopt(采用)anewAItoolriskdistancingemployeesorevenmakingtheirlivesmoredifficult.(然而，在没有事先仔细评估可能产生的副作用的情况下，企业采用新的人工智能工具可能会疏远员工，甚至使他们的生活变得更加困难。)”以及全段内容可知，本段主要讲述了AI的潜在风险，即如果不进行仔细评估，公司可能会面临员工疏远或生活困难的风险。接着，该段还提到了公司应该确定他们感兴趣的技术是否可能带来净效益，这也与评估AI的潜在风险有关。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“DylanMorley,leadprincipalengineeratAsos,reportsthatmeasuringtheimpactofsuchtoolsisatopicof“greatdiscussion”acrosstheindustry.Butheaddsthatthisisamoreplexmatterthansimplyadoptingatoolandwaitingfor,say,a10%efficiencygain.Shearguesthatfirmscouldbefocusingonareassuchasmanagingtimespentinmeetings,otherthanadoptingAItoolsifimprovingefficiencyisindeedtheirmaingoal.(Asos首席工程师DylanMorley报告说，衡量这些工具的影响是整个行业“热烈讨论”的话题。但他补充说，这比简单地采用一种工具并等待效率提高10%要复杂得多。她认为，如果企业的主要目标确实是提高效率，那么它们可以把重点放在管理会议时间等领域，而不是采用人工智能工具。)”可知，DylanMorley提到，如果提高效率确实是公司的主要目标，那么公司应该关注的领域不仅仅是采用AI工具，还可以是其他领域，比如管理会议时间。这暗示了AI并不是提高效率的唯一方法，公司有其他多种选择可以考虑。故选B。DPeoplegreeteachotherinvariouswayssuchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.“Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(纽带)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.“Earlierstudiesinthewildhavereportedthatwhenthesegroupsmeet,theelephantsperformspecialgreetingstoannounceandstrengthentheirsocialbonds.”Thestudyidentifiedaround20specificmovementsrelatedwithelephantgreetings,oftenacpaniedbydifferentsoundsaswell.Smellalsoplaysacrucialroleingreetings,withelephantsexhibitingbehaviorslikeemitting(排放)bodywaste.Besides,elephantsmakegestures(动作)meanttobeseen,suchasspreadingtheirearsordisplayingtheirbehinds,andemploytouchinggesturesinvolvingtouchingotherelephants.Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.Wildmaleelephantsoftendon’tformcloseconnectionswithothersbutusetheirnosestotouchtheheadsofotherelephants,givingoffachemicalcalledtemporincontainingimportantinformation.Elephantgreetingsplayanimportantpartinmunicationandsocialbondingamongtheseintelligentcreatures.Throughtheirgestures,sounds,andsmells,elephantsdeliverimportant.informationabouttheiridentity,physicalstate,andemotionalwellbeing.12Whatdoweknowaboutelephantgreetingsfromparagraph1?A.Theyareperformedmainlybymaleelephants.B.Theyareusedtoshowpowerwithinthegroup.C.Theyincludephysicalactionssimilartohumans’.D.Theystrengthensocialbondsbetweenfamilygroups.13.Howdoelephantsshowawarenessofwhatotherssee?A.Theyproducedifferentsmells.B.Theymakeasmanygesturesaspossible.C.Theymakeuseofsoundstodrawattention.D.Theyemployvisualortouchinggesturesaccordingly.14.Whatmethodswereadoptedintherecentstudyonelephants?A.Interviewsandsurveys. B.Observationandparison.C.Modeldesignandcreation. D.Experimentsanddatacollection.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SecretinElephantBehaviorsB.ScienceBehindElephantSoundsC.ExplorationofElephantGreetingsD.NewLightonElephantMovements【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了非洲大象在Jafuta保护区内如何互相问候、问候的多种方式以及这些问候的社会和沟通意义。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Femaleelephantsofdifferentfamilygroupsmighthavestrongsocialbonds(纽带)witheachother,formingwhatwecallbondgroups,”saidVestaEleuterioftheUniversityofVienna,theleadwriterofthestudy.(该研究的主要作者、维也纳大学的VestaEleuteri说：“不同家庭群体的母象可能彼此之间有很强的社会纽带，形成了我们所说的纽带群体。”)”可知，不同家庭群体的母象可能彼此之间有很强的社会纽带，形成了我们所说的纽带群体。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theyactuallyshowanunderstandingofwhatotherelephantscansee,usingvisualgestureswhentheirpartnerislookingandtouchinggestureswhentheyarenot.(它们实际上表现出对其他大象所能看到的东西的理解，当它们的伴侣在看它们时，它们会用视觉手势，而当它们不在时，它们会用触摸手势。)”可知，大象会根据其他大象是否在看而使用视觉或触摸手势，这显示了它们对其他大象所见的意识。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Similargreetingbehaviorhasbeenobservedinvariousanimals,whichhelpsmanagesocialsituationsbyreducingtensionorconfirmingsocialbonds.Thestudyobservedbothfemaleandmaleelephantsinthereserve,withfemalegreetingscloselymatchingthoseofwildelephants,whilemalegreetingsappeareddifferent.(在各种动物中都观察到类似的问候行为，这有助于通过减少紧张或巩固社会关系来管理社会状况。该研究观察了保护区内的雌象和雄象，雌象的问候与野象的问候非常接近，而雄象的问候则有所不同。)”可知，研究主要是通过观察保护区内的雌象和雄象，并比较了不同性别之间的问候方式。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Peoplegreeteachotherinvariousways,suchassaying“hello”indifferentlanguagesorthroughphysicalactionslikeshakinghands,givinghugs,orexchangingkisses.Similarly,elephantshavevariousgreetings,asrevealedbyarecentstudyconductedonAfricanelephantsinZimbabwe’sJafutaReserve.(人们以各种方式互相问候，比如用不同的语言说“你好”，或者通过握手、拥抱或亲吻等肢体动作。同样，大象也有各种各样的问候，最近在津巴布韦贾夫塔保护区对非洲大象进行的一项研究表明。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要研究和分析大象如何以及为何用特定方式进行问候，C项“探索大象的问候”适合做文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.____16____Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增强)wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.____17____PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.____18____paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.Thebenefitsofcelebratingmomsalsoreachtheirkids.____19____Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.Thatmeansit’simportanttosendappreciationmom’swayeveryday,notjustonMother’sDay.Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想当然认为)mostdaysacrosstheyear.____20____Helpingmomsfeelhappywillhelpthefamilyfeelhappy,too.A.Sowhatcanfamiliesdotoenhancemoms’happiness?B.Stresscanalsoimpacthowattentivemomsaretotheirfamily.C.However,wedon’toftenhearaboutthebenefitsofcelebratingmoms.D.Positiveparentsenhancechildren’smentalwellbeingandsocialbonds.E.Momsplayanimportantroleinshapingouridentitiesandguidingourlife.F.WhileflowersonMother’sDayareappreciated,let’scelebratemomseveryday.G.Ifyou’reanadultlivingfarawayfromyourparents,don’tforgettocallyourmom.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章为庆祝妈妈给出一些建议，以增强妈妈和她们所爱的人的幸福。【16题详解】上文“Mother’sDayisanoccasiontocelebratemothers.(母亲节是祝福母亲的节日。)”说明母亲节要祝福母亲，选项C“然而，我们很少听说祝福妈妈的好处。”转折上文语义，引出下文“Basedonmyresearchandthoseofotherpsychologists,herearesometipsforcelebratingmomsonMother’sDay,andeveryday,toenhance(增强)wellbeingforbothmomsandtheirlovedones.(根据我和其他心理学家的研究，这里有一些在母亲节和每天祝福妈妈的建议，以增强妈妈和她们所爱的人的幸福。)”介绍文章主题，为祝福妈妈给出一些建议。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“PsychologyresearchsuggeststhatMother’sDaycardshaveitright—buildingamother’sconfidencebytellingthemthatthey’reamazingorthattheyalwaysknowhowtomakethefamilyfeelbettercanbegreatlyeffectiveinenhancingmoms’happiness.(心理学研究表明，母亲节贺卡是正确的——通过告诉母亲她们很了不起，或者她们总是知道如何让家人感觉更好，来建立母亲的信心，这对提高妈妈的幸福感非常有效。)”介绍了提高妈妈幸福感的具体措施，选项A“那么，家庭该怎么做才能提高妈妈们的幸福感呢？”提出怎样提高妈妈的幸福感的问题。选项中enhancemoms’happiness和下文中词汇重叠，语义一致，故选A项。【18题详解】下文“paredtofathers,mothersgenerallyreportfeelingmoreemotionallyconnectedtotheirkidsandmorestronglyidentifyingasaparent.Aphonecallwiththeirkidscanreallyimproveamom’swellbeing.(与父亲相比，母亲通常会感觉与孩子的情感联系更紧密，更认同自己是父母。和孩子打个真的能提高妈妈的幸福感。)”说明打能提高妈妈的幸福感，选项G“如果你是一个离父母很远的成年人，别忘了给妈妈打。”建议给妈妈打。故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Forexample,myresearchhasfoundthatmomswhoarelessstressedareseenbytheiradolescentkidsasbeingbetteratunderstandingthekids’ideas.Whenmothersfeelpositive,theyhavebettermunicationwiththeirkidsandtheirkidsfeelbetter.(例如，我的研究发现，在青春期的孩子看来，压力较小的妈妈更能理解孩子的想法。当母亲感到积极乐观时，她们与孩子的沟通会更好，孩子也会感觉更好。)”说明积极乐观的母亲能够更好地和孩子建立联系并让孩子更加身心健康，选项D“积极乐观的父母能增强孩子的心理健康和社会联系。”引领下文，概括说明积极乐观的父母培养积极乐观的孩子。故选D项。【20题详解】上文“Mothersarethemainsourceoffortandcareforfamiliesaroundtheworld,yetit’seasytotakethemforgranted(想当然认为)mostdaysacrosstheyear.(母亲是世界各地家庭舒适和关怀的主要来源，然而在一年中的大部分时间里，我们很容易把她们视为理所当然。)”说明现实中母亲付出很多，然而节日之外大部分时间被忽视，选项F“虽然母亲节的鲜花很受欢迎，但让我们每天都为妈妈们祝福。”承接上文，说明除了母亲节，我们应该每天都祝福妈妈。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。RachelBeckwithwasa9yearoldgirlfromAmerica.Shehadaspecialbirthday____21____.Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____22____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries.Rachel____23____tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortofher____24____.Shemadea(an)____25____tohermomthatshewouldtryagainnextyear.Unfortunately,onJuly20,2011,Rachelwas____26____inacaraccidentwithhermomandsister.____27____herfamilyonlysufferedminorinjuries,Rachelwasbadlyhurtandwas____28____tothehospital.Threedayslater,herfamilyhadtomakethe____29____decisiontotakeherofflifesupport.AfterRachel’spassing,newsofherbirthdaywish_____30_____worldwide.Peoplestarteddonatingto“Charity:Water”inher_____31_____,andthecontributionspouredin.Rachel’sheartwasdonatedtoamaninCalifornia,whoalsosupportedher_____32_____.BytheendofRachel’sbirthdaycampaign(活动)inSeptember,morethan$1.26millionhadbeengiftedtocleanwaterprojects.To_____33_____Rachel’slegacy(遗产),herfamilystartedanonprofitcalledRachel’sWishingWellFoundation,_____34_____tospreadingawarenessaboutgivingandhelpingothers.Anyonecanmakeabig_____35_____,nomatterhowsmallthecontribution.21.A.party B.gift C.wish D.surprise22.A.borrowing B.raising C.having D.earning23.A.managed B.planned C.decided D.needed24.A.chances B.resources C.experience D.goal25.A.suggestion B.request C.apology D.promise26.A.caught B.frightened C.seen D.included27.A.While B.After C.Once D.Since28.A.guided B.moved C.rushed D.introduced29.A.quick B.tough C.wise D.correct30.A.unfolded B.came C.spread D.appeared31.A.interest B.favor C.power D.honor32.A.approach B.cause C.opinion D.experiment33.A.continue B.protect C.get D.keep34.A.addicted B.limited C.used D.devoted35.A.change B.mark C.difference D.leap【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍Rachel有一个特别的生日愿望，梦想着为“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)筹集300美元，后来意外事故她去世了，但是她的生日愿望传遍了整个世界，人们为了纪念她，纷纷为“慈善之水”捐款的故事，告诉我们任何人都可以做出很大的改变，不管贡献有多小。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有一个特别的生日愿望。A.party派对；B.gift礼物；C.wish愿望；D.surprise惊讶。根据下文“Insteadofaskingforpresents,shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，梦想给一个慈善组织集资，这是她的生日愿望，故选C。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有要求礼物，而是梦想着为“慈善之水”(Charity:Water)筹集300美元，这是一个帮助发展中国家的人们获得清洁水的组织。A.borrowing借；B.raising筹集；C.having有；D.earning赚，挣得。根据下文“$300for“Charity:Water,””可知，此处表示为慈善组织筹集资金，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rachel设法从她的家人和朋友那里筹集了220美元，但她离目标还有一点距离。A.managed设法做到；B.planned计划；C.decided决定；D.needed需要。根据下文“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends,butshefellabitshortof”可知，Rachel设法筹集了220美元，故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.chances机会；B.resources资源；C.experience经验；D.goal目标。根据上文“shedreamedof____2____$300for“Charity:Water,”agroupthathelpsbringcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries”和“tocollect$220fromherfamilyandfriends”可知，她已经筹集到了220美元，所以离300美元的目标还差一点，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向她妈妈承诺明年再试一次。A.suggestion建议；B.request需求；C.apology道歉；D.promise诺言。根据下文“thatshewouldtryagainnextyear”可知，这是她向她妈妈做出的承诺，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在2011年7月20日，Rachel与她的妈妈和妹妹发生了一场车祸。A.caught(使)遭遇；B.frightened使惊恐；C.seen